From c2d44d593742ad4363401b8e10006877e9d93c26 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Ophestra <cat@gensokyo.uk>
Date: Fri, 15 May 2026 06:48:04 +0900
Subject: [PATCH] internal/rosa/azalea: ast and parser

This syntax is not final, but acts as a stopgap solution and a proof of concept.

Signed-off-by: Ophestra <cat@gensokyo.uk>
---
 internal/rosa/azalea/azalea.go       | 386 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 internal/rosa/azalea/azalea_test.go  | 149 +++++++++++
 internal/rosa/azalea/testdata/gcc.az |  57 ++++
 3 files changed, 592 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 internal/rosa/azalea/azalea.go
 create mode 100644 internal/rosa/azalea/azalea_test.go
 create mode 100644 internal/rosa/azalea/testdata/gcc.az

diff --git a/internal/rosa/azalea/azalea.go b/internal/rosa/azalea/azalea.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3e6ff567
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/rosa/azalea/azalea.go
@@ -0,0 +1,386 @@
+// Package azalea implements a proof-of-concept, domain-specific language for
+// Rosa OS software packaging.
+package azalea
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"io"
+	"strconv"
+	"text/scanner"
+)
+
+// idents are runes accepted in an identifier.
+var idents = [...]bool{
+	'0': true, '1': true, '2': true, '3': true, '4': true, '5': true, '6': true,
+	'7': true, '8': true, '9': true,
+
+	'A': true, 'B': true, 'C': true, 'D': true, 'E': true, 'F': true, 'G': true,
+	'H': true, 'I': true, 'J': true, 'K': true, 'L': true, 'M': true, 'N': true,
+	'O': true, 'P': true, 'Q': true, 'R': true, 'S': true, 'T': true, 'U': true,
+	'V': true, 'W': true, 'X': true, 'Y': true, 'Z': true,
+
+	'a': true, 'b': true, 'c': true, 'd': true, 'e': true, 'f': true, 'g': true,
+	'h': true, 'i': true, 'j': true, 'k': true, 'l': true, 'm': true, 'n': true,
+	'o': true, 'p': true, 'q': true, 'r': true, 's': true, 't': true, 'u': true,
+	'v': true, 'w': true, 'x': true, 'y': true, 'z': true,
+
+	'-': true, '_': true,
+}
+
+// TokenError describes an unexpected token.
+type TokenError [2]rune
+
+func (e TokenError) Error() string {
+	return "expected " + scanner.TokenString(e[0]) +
+		", found " + scanner.TokenString(e[1])
+}
+
+// ExprError is an unexpected token encountered while parsing an expression.
+type ExprError rune
+
+func (e ExprError) Error() string {
+	return "unexpected token " + scanner.TokenString(rune(e))
+}
+
+// must1 returns v, or panics if err is not nil.
+func must1[T any](v T, err error) T {
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	return v
+}
+
+// parser retains the current token.
+type parser struct {
+	s   scanner.Scanner
+	tok rune
+}
+
+// scan advances the underlying scanner to the next token, storing its result.
+func (p *parser) scan() rune { p.tok = p.s.Scan(); return p.tok }
+
+// scanAs advances the scanner for an expected token.
+func (p *parser) scanAs(expects rune) {
+	e := TokenError{expects, p.scan()}
+	if e[0] != e[1] {
+		panic(e)
+	}
+}
+
+// parseInt parses the current token as a base 10 representation of a 64-bit
+// signed integer.
+func (p *parser) parseInt() int64 {
+	return must1(strconv.ParseInt(p.s.TokenText(), 10, 64))
+}
+
+// A String represents an identifier or string literal.
+type String struct {
+	Value string
+	Ident bool
+}
+
+// A StringSpec describes a statement evaluating down to a string value.
+type StringSpec []String
+
+// parseString parses the current token as a string.
+func (p *parser) parseString() string {
+	return must1(strconv.Unquote(p.s.TokenText()))
+}
+
+// appendStringSpec parses from the next token until the end of the StringSpec.
+// It always advances past the final token.
+func (p *parser) appendStringSpec(
+	op bool,
+	data StringSpec,
+) (v StringSpec, ok bool) {
+	ok = true
+	v = data
+	for {
+		if op {
+			switch tok := p.scan(); tok {
+			case '+':
+				break
+
+			default:
+				return
+			}
+		}
+
+		switch tok := p.scan(); tok {
+		case scanner.String, scanner.RawString:
+			v = append(v, String{p.parseString(), false})
+
+		case scanner.Ident:
+			v = append(v, String{p.s.TokenText(), true})
+
+		default:
+			ok = op
+			return
+		}
+		op = true
+	}
+}
+
+// A KV holds a key/value pair.
+type KV struct {
+	K string
+	V any
+}
+
+// An Arg represents an argument of [Func].
+type Arg struct {
+	K []string
+	V any
+	R bool
+}
+
+// Func is a function call or package declaration.
+type Func struct {
+	// Function or package identifier.
+	Ident string
+	// Whether this is a package declaration.
+	Package bool
+	// Key-value arguments.
+	Args []Arg
+}
+
+// parseExpr scans and parses the current expression. A nil return indicates
+// [scanner.EOF].
+func (p *parser) parseExpr() (any, bool) {
+	switch p.tok {
+	case scanner.EOF:
+		return nil, false
+
+	case scanner.Int:
+		return p.parseInt(), false
+
+	case scanner.String, scanner.RawString:
+		v, ok := p.appendStringSpec(true, StringSpec{
+			{p.parseString(), false},
+		})
+		if !ok {
+			panic(TokenError{scanner.String, p.tok})
+		}
+		return v, true
+
+	case scanner.Ident:
+		var v Func
+		v.Ident = p.s.TokenText()
+		if v.Package = v.Ident == "package"; v.Package {
+			p.scanAs(scanner.Ident)
+			v.Ident = p.s.TokenText()
+		}
+
+		p.scan()
+		switch p.tok {
+		case '{':
+			for {
+				p.scan()
+				switch p.tok {
+				case '}':
+					return v, false
+
+				case scanner.Ident:
+					break
+
+				default:
+					panic(TokenError{scanner.Ident, p.tok})
+				}
+
+				var next bool
+				arg := Arg{K: []string{p.s.TokenText()}}
+				delim := true
+			arg:
+				for {
+					p.scan()
+					switch p.tok {
+					case ',':
+						if delim {
+							delim = false
+							continue
+						}
+						panic(ExprError(p.tok))
+
+					case scanner.Ident:
+						if delim {
+							panic(TokenError{',', p.tok})
+						}
+						delim = true
+						arg.K = append(arg.K, p.s.TokenText())
+
+					default:
+						break arg
+					}
+				}
+				switch p.tok {
+				case '=':
+					break
+
+				case '*':
+					arg.R = true
+					p.scanAs('=')
+
+				default:
+					panic(TokenError{'=', p.tok})
+				}
+				p.scan()
+				arg.V, next = p.parseExpr()
+				v.Args = append(v.Args, arg)
+				if !next {
+					p.scanAs(';')
+				}
+			}
+
+		case ';':
+			return StringSpec{{v.Ident, true}}, true
+
+		case '+':
+			s, ok := p.appendStringSpec(false, StringSpec{
+				{v.Ident, true},
+			})
+			if !ok {
+				panic(TokenError{scanner.String, p.tok})
+			}
+			return s, p.tok != scanner.EOF
+
+		case scanner.EOF:
+			return StringSpec{{v.Ident, true}}, false
+
+		default:
+			return StringSpec{{v.Ident, true}}, true
+		}
+
+	case '{':
+		var v []KV
+		for {
+			p.scan()
+			switch p.tok {
+			case '}':
+				return v, false
+
+			case scanner.String:
+				pair := KV{K: p.parseString()}
+				p.scan()
+				switch p.tok {
+				case ';':
+					break
+
+				case ':':
+					var next bool
+					p.scan()
+					pair.V, next = p.parseExpr()
+					if !next {
+						p.scanAs(';')
+					}
+					break
+
+				default:
+					panic(ExprError(p.tok))
+				}
+				v = append(v, pair)
+
+			default:
+				panic(ExprError(p.tok))
+			}
+		}
+
+	case '[':
+		var (
+			v     []any
+			e     any
+			delim bool
+			next  bool
+		)
+		for {
+			if !next {
+				p.scan()
+			}
+			switch p.tok {
+			case ',':
+				if delim {
+					delim = false
+					next = false
+					continue
+				}
+				panic(ExprError(','))
+			case ']':
+				return v, false
+			case scanner.EOF:
+				panic(ExprError(scanner.EOF))
+			default:
+				if delim {
+					panic(TokenError{',', p.tok})
+				}
+				delim = true
+				break
+			}
+
+			e, next = p.parseExpr()
+			v = append(v, e)
+		}
+
+	default:
+		panic(ExprError(p.tok))
+	}
+}
+
+// ScanError is the error count parsing all expressions.
+type ScanError int
+
+func (ScanError) Error() string {
+	return "aborting due to scanning errors"
+}
+
+// Parse parses expressions from r.
+func Parse(r io.Reader) (e []any, err error) {
+	var p parser
+	p.s.Init(r)
+
+	p.s.Mode = scanner.ScanIdents |
+		scanner.ScanInts |
+		scanner.ScanStrings |
+		scanner.ScanRawStrings |
+		scanner.ScanComments |
+		scanner.SkipComments
+	p.s.IsIdentRune = func(ch rune, i int) bool {
+		if i == 0 && ch >= '0' && ch <= '9' {
+			return false
+		}
+		return ch > 0 && ch < rune(len(idents)) && idents[ch]
+	}
+
+	defer func() {
+		v := recover()
+		if v == nil {
+			return
+		}
+
+		_err, ok := v.(error)
+		if !ok {
+			panic(v)
+		}
+
+		if err == nil {
+			err = _err
+			return
+		}
+		err = errors.Join(err, _err)
+	}()
+
+	p.scan()
+	for {
+		expr, next := p.parseExpr()
+		if expr == nil {
+			break
+		}
+		e = append(e, expr)
+		if !next {
+			p.scan()
+		}
+	}
+
+	if p.s.ErrorCount != 0 {
+		err = ScanError(p.s.ErrorCount)
+	}
+	return
+}
diff --git a/internal/rosa/azalea/azalea_test.go b/internal/rosa/azalea/azalea_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..21a69813
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/rosa/azalea/azalea_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+package azalea_test
+
+import (
+	_ "embed"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"text/scanner"
+
+	"hakurei.app/internal/rosa/azalea"
+)
+
+//go:embed testdata/gcc.az
+var sample string
+
+func TestParse(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	testCases := []struct {
+		name string
+		data string
+		want []any
+		err  error
+	}{
+		{"invalid", "}", nil, azalea.ExprError('}')},
+		{"bad sep", "f{v?}", nil, azalea.TokenError{'=', '?'}},
+		{"bad ident", "f{9}", nil, azalea.TokenError{scanner.Ident, scanner.Int}},
+		{"share bad sep", "f { v,,v = v; }", nil, azalea.ExprError(',')},
+		{"share missing sep", "f { v v }", nil, azalea.TokenError{',', scanner.Ident}},
+
+		{"ident string", `v`, []any{azalea.StringSpec{
+			{Value: "v", Ident: true},
+		}}, nil},
+		{"ident string concat", `v+"\xfd"`, []any{azalea.StringSpec{
+			{Value: "v", Ident: true},
+			{Value: "\xfd"},
+		}}, nil},
+		{"truncated string concat", `v+`, nil,
+			azalea.TokenError{scanner.String, scanner.EOF}},
+		{"unexpected string concat", `v+9`, nil,
+			azalea.TokenError{scanner.String, scanner.Int}},
+
+		{"empty pairs", `{}`, []any{[]azalea.KV(nil)}, nil},
+		{"short kv", `{"\x00":v;}`, []any{[]azalea.KV{
+			{K: "\x00", V: azalea.StringSpec{azalea.String{Value: "v", Ident: true}}},
+		}}, nil},
+		{"truncated kv", `{"\x00"`, nil, azalea.ExprError(scanner.EOF)},
+		{"ident kv", `{v="";}`, nil, azalea.ExprError(scanner.Ident)},
+
+		{"empty array", `[]`, []any{[]any(nil)}, nil},
+		{"integer array", `[9]`, []any{[]any{int64(9)}}, nil},
+		{"short array", `[ "\x00" ]`, []any{
+			[]any{azalea.StringSpec{{Value: "\x00"}}},
+		}, nil},
+		{"short array delim", `[ "\x00", ]`, []any{
+			[]any{azalea.StringSpec{{Value: "\x00"}}},
+		}, nil},
+		{"missing array value", `[ "\x00", , v ]`, nil, azalea.ExprError(',')},
+		{"missing array delimiter", `[ v0 v1 ]`, nil, azalea.TokenError{',', scanner.Ident}},
+		{"truncated array", `[ "\x00"`, nil,
+			azalea.ExprError(scanner.EOF)},
+
+		{"gcc", sample, []any{azalea.Func{
+			Ident:   "gcc",
+			Package: true,
+
+			Args: []azalea.Arg{
+				{K: []string{"description"}, V: azalea.StringSpec{{Value: "The GNU Compiler Collection"}}},
+				{K: []string{"website"}, V: azalea.StringSpec{{Value: "https://www.gnu.org/software/gcc"}}},
+				{K: []string{"anitya"}, V: int64(6502)},
+				{K: []string{"version"}, V: azalea.StringSpec{{Value: "16.1.0"}}, R: true},
+				{K: []string{"source"}, V: azalea.Func{Ident: "remoteTar", Package: false, Args: []azalea.Arg{
+					{K: []string{"url"}, V: azalea.StringSpec{
+						{Value: "https://ftp.tsukuba.wide.ad.jp/software/gcc/releases/"},
+						{Value: "gcc-"}, {Value: "version", Ident: true},
+						{Value: "/gcc-"}, {Value: "version", Ident: true},
+						{Value: ".tar.gz"},
+					}},
+					{K: []string{"checksum"}, V: azalea.StringSpec{
+						{Value: "4ASoWbxaA2FW7PAB0zzHDPC5XnNhyaAyjtDPpGzceSLeYnEIXsNYZR3PA_Zu5P0K"},
+					}},
+					{K: []string{"compress"}, V: azalea.StringSpec{{Value: "gzip", Ident: true}}},
+				}}},
+				{K: []string{"patches"}, V: []any{
+					azalea.StringSpec{{Value: "musl-off64_t-loff_t.patch"}},
+					azalea.StringSpec{{Value: "musl-legacy-lfs.patch"}},
+				}},
+				{K: []string{"exclusive"}, V: azalea.StringSpec{{Value: "true", Ident: true}}},
+				{K: []string{"exec"}, V: azalea.Func{
+					Ident: "make",
+
+					Args: []azalea.Arg{
+						{K: []string{"configure"}, V: []azalea.KV{
+							{K: "disable-multilib"},
+							{K: "enable-default-pie"},
+							{K: "disable-nls"},
+							{K: "with-gnu-as"},
+							{K: "with-gnu-ld"},
+							{K: "with-system-zlib"},
+							{K: "enable-languages", V: azalea.StringSpec{{Value: "c,c++,go"}}},
+							{K: "with-native-system-header-dir", V: azalea.StringSpec{{Value: "/system/include"}}},
+							{K: "with-multilib-list", V: azalea.Func{
+								Ident: "arch",
+
+								Args: []azalea.Arg{
+									{K: []string{"amd64", "arm64"}, V: azalea.StringSpec{{Value: "''"}}},
+									{K: []string{"default"}, V: azalea.StringSpec{{Value: "unset", Ident: true}}},
+								},
+							}},
+						}},
+						{K: []string{"make"}, V: []any{
+							azalea.StringSpec{{Value: "BOOT_CFLAGS='-O2 -g'"}},
+							azalea.Func{
+								Ident: "noop",
+								Args: []azalea.Arg{
+									{K: []string{"key"}, V: azalea.StringSpec{
+										{Value: "value", Ident: true},
+									}},
+								},
+							},
+							azalea.StringSpec{{Value: "bootstrap"}},
+						}},
+						{K: []string{"skip-check"}, V: azalea.StringSpec{{Value: "true", Ident: true}}},
+					},
+				}},
+				{K: []string{"inputs"}, V: []any{
+					azalea.StringSpec{{Value: "binutils", Ident: true}},
+					azalea.StringSpec{{Value: "mpc", Ident: true}},
+					azalea.StringSpec{{Value: "zlib", Ident: true}},
+					azalea.StringSpec{{Value: "libucontext", Ident: true}},
+					azalea.StringSpec{{Value: "kernel-headers", Ident: true}},
+				}},
+			},
+		}}, nil},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			p, err := azalea.Parse(strings.NewReader(tc.data))
+			if !reflect.DeepEqual(p, tc.want) {
+				t.Errorf("Parse: %#v, want %#v", p, tc.want)
+			}
+			if !reflect.DeepEqual(err, tc.err) {
+				t.Errorf("Parse: error = %v, want %v", err, tc.err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
diff --git a/internal/rosa/azalea/testdata/gcc.az b/internal/rosa/azalea/testdata/gcc.az
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c6e5693b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/rosa/azalea/testdata/gcc.az
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+package gcc {
+	description = "The GNU Compiler Collection";
+	website = "https://www.gnu.org/software/gcc";
+	anitya = 6502;
+
+	version* = "16.1.0";
+	source = remoteTar {
+		url = "https://ftp.tsukuba.wide.ad.jp/software/gcc/releases/"+
+			"gcc-"+version+"/gcc-"+version+".tar.gz";
+		checksum = "4ASoWbxaA2FW7PAB0zzHDPC5XnNhyaAyjtDPpGzceSLeYnEIXsNYZR3PA_Zu5P0K";
+		compress = gzip;
+	};
+	patches = [
+		"musl-off64_t-loff_t.patch",
+		"musl-legacy-lfs.patch",
+	];
+
+	// GCC spends most of its time in its many configure scripts, however
+	// it also saturates the CPU for a consequential amount of time.
+	exclusive = true;
+
+	exec = make {
+		configure = {
+			"disable-multilib";
+			"enable-default-pie";
+			"disable-nls";
+			"with-gnu-as";
+			"with-gnu-ld";
+			"with-system-zlib";
+			"enable-languages": "c,c++,go";
+			"with-native-system-header-dir": "/system/include";
+			"with-multilib-list": arch {
+				amd64, arm64 = "''";
+				default = unset;
+			};
+		};
+		make = [
+			"BOOT_CFLAGS='-O2 -g'",
+			noop { key = value; },
+			"bootstrap",
+		];
+
+		// This toolchain is hacked to pieces, it is not expected to ever work
+		// well in its current state. That does not matter as long as the
+		// toolchain it produces passes its own test suite.
+		skip-check = true;
+	};
+
+	inputs = [
+		binutils,
+
+		mpc,
+		zlib,
+		libucontext,
+		kernel-headers,
+	];
+}