Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/pkgserver' into pkgserver

This exposes the new OpenStatus cache method.

Signed-off-by: Ophestra <cat@gensokyo.uk>

.gitea/workflows/test.yml

@@ -89,23 +89,6 @@ jobs:
           path: result/*
           retention-days: 1
 
-  hpkg:
-    name: Hpkg
-    runs-on: nix
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-
-      - name: Run NixOS test
-        run: nix build --out-link "result" --print-out-paths --print-build-logs .#checks.x86_64-linux.hpkg
-
-      - name: Upload test output
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
-        with:
-          name: "hpkg-vm-output"
-          path: result/*
-          retention-days: 1
-
   check:
     name: Flake checks
     needs:
@@ -114,7 +97,6 @@ jobs:
       - sandbox
       - sandbox-race
       - sharefs
-      - hpkg
     runs-on: nix
     steps:
       - name: Checkout

.github/workflows/README

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-DO NOT ADD NEW ACTIONS HERE
-
-This port is solely for releasing to the github mirror and serves no purpose during development.
-All development happens at https://git.gensokyo.uk/security/hakurei. If you wish to contribute,
-request for an account on git.gensokyo.uk.

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-name: Release
-
-on:
-  push:
-    tags:
-      - 'v*'
-
-jobs:
-  release:
-    name: Create release
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-
-    permissions:
-      packages: write
-      contents: write
-
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-
-      - name: Install Nix
-        uses: nixbuild/nix-quick-install-action@v32
-        with:
-          nix_conf: |
-            keep-env-derivations = true
-            keep-outputs = true
-
-      - name: Restore and cache Nix store
-        uses: nix-community/cache-nix-action@v6
-        with:
-          primary-key: build-${{ runner.os }}-${{ hashFiles('**/*.nix') }}
-          restore-prefixes-first-match: build-${{ runner.os }}-
-          gc-max-store-size-linux: 1G
-          purge: true
-          purge-prefixes: build-${{ runner.os }}-
-          purge-created: 60
-          purge-primary-key: never
-
-      - name: Build for release
-        run: nix build --print-out-paths --print-build-logs .#dist
-
-      - name: Release
-        uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v2
-        with:
-          files: |-
-            result/hakurei-**

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
-name: Test
-
-on:
-  - push
-
-jobs:
-  dist:
-    name: Create distribution
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    permissions:
-      actions: write
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-
-      - name: Install Nix
-        uses: nixbuild/nix-quick-install-action@v32
-        with:
-          nix_conf: |
-            keep-env-derivations = true
-            keep-outputs = true
-
-      - name: Restore and cache Nix store
-        uses: nix-community/cache-nix-action@v6
-        with:
-          primary-key: build-${{ runner.os }}-${{ hashFiles('**/*.nix') }}
-          restore-prefixes-first-match: build-${{ runner.os }}-
-          gc-max-store-size-linux: 1G
-          purge: true
-          purge-prefixes: build-${{ runner.os }}-
-          purge-created: 60
-          purge-primary-key: never
-
-      - name: Build for test
-        id: build-test
-        run: >-
-          export HAKUREI_REV="$(git rev-parse --short HEAD)" &&
-          sed -i.old 's/version = /version = "0.0.0-'$HAKUREI_REV'"; # version = /' package.nix &&
-          nix build --print-out-paths --print-build-logs .#dist &&
-          mv package.nix.old package.nix &&
-          echo "rev=$HAKUREI_REV" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-
-      - name: Upload test build
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-        with:
-          name: "hakurei-${{ steps.build-test.outputs.rev }}"
-          path: result/*
-          retention-days: 1

.gitignore

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ go.work.sum
 # go generate
 /cmd/hakurei/LICENSE
 /internal/pkg/testdata/testtool
+/internal/rosa/hakurei_current.tar.gz
 
 # release
 /dist/hakurei-*

README.md

@@ -15,164 +15,51 @@
   <a href="https://hakurei.app"><img src="https://img.shields.io/website?url=https%3A%2F%2Fhakurei.app" alt="Website" /></a>
 </p>
 
-Hakurei is a tool for running sandboxed graphical applications as dedicated subordinate users on the Linux kernel.
+Hakurei is a tool for running sandboxed desktop applications as dedicated
-It implements the application container of [planterette (WIP)](https://git.gensokyo.uk/security/planterette),
+subordinate users on the Linux kernel. It implements the application container
-a self-contained Android-like package manager with modern security features.
+of [planterette (WIP)](https://git.gensokyo.uk/security/planterette), a
+self-contained Android-like package manager with modern security features.
 
-## NixOS Module usage
+Interaction with hakurei happens entirely through structures described by
+package [hst](https://pkg.go.dev/hakurei.app/hst). No native API is available
+due to internal details of uid isolation.
 
-The NixOS module currently requires home-manager to configure subordinate users. Full module documentation can be found [here](options.md).
+## Notable Packages
 
-To use the module, import it into your configuration with
+Package [container](https://pkg.go.dev/hakurei.app/container) is general purpose
+container tooling. It is used by the hakurei shim process running as the target
+subordinate user to set up the application container. It has a single dependency,
+[libseccomp](https://github.com/seccomp/libseccomp), to create BPF programs
+for the [system call filter](https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/userspace-api/seccomp_filter.html).
 
-```nix
+Package [internal/pkg](https://pkg.go.dev/hakurei.app/internal/pkg) provides
-{
+infrastructure for hermetic builds. This replaces the legacy nix-based testing
-  inputs = {
+framework and serves as the build system of Rosa OS, currently developed under
-    nixpkgs.url = "github:NixOS/nixpkgs/nixos-24.11";
+package [internal/rosa](https://pkg.go.dev/hakurei.app/internal/rosa).
 
-    hakurei = {
+## Dependencies
-      url = "git+https://git.gensokyo.uk/security/hakurei";
 
-      # Optional but recommended to limit the size of your system closure.
+`container` depends on:
-      inputs.nixpkgs.follows = "nixpkgs";
-    };
-  };
 
-  outputs = { self, nixpkgs, hakurei, ... }:
+- [libseccomp](https://github.com/seccomp/libseccomp) to generate BPF programs.
-  {
-    nixosConfigurations.hakurei = nixpkgs.lib.nixosSystem {
-      system = "x86_64-linux";
-      modules = [
-        hakurei.nixosModules.hakurei
-      ];
-    };
-  };
-}
-```
 
-This adds the `environment.hakurei` option:
+`cmd/hakurei` depends on:
 
-```nix
+- [acl](https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/acl/) to export sockets to
-{ pkgs, ... }:
+  subordinate users.
+- [wayland](https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/wayland/wayland) to set up
+  [security-context-v1](https://wayland.app/protocols/security-context-v1).
+- [xcb](https://xcb.freedesktop.org/) to grant and revoke subordinate users
+  access to the X server.
 
-{
+`cmd/sharefs` depends on:
-  environment.hakurei = {
-    enable = true;
-    stateDir = "/var/lib/hakurei";
-    users = {
-      alice = 0;
-      nixos = 10;
-    };
 
-    commonPaths = [
+- [fuse](https://github.com/libfuse/libfuse) to implement the filesystem.
-      {
-        src = "/sdcard";
-        write = true;
-      }
-    ];
 
-    extraHomeConfig = {
+New dependencies will generally not be added. Patches adding new dependencies
-      home.stateVersion = "23.05";
+are very likely to be rejected.
-    };
 
-    apps = {
+## NixOS Module (deprecated)
-      "org.chromium.Chromium" = {
-        name = "chromium";
-        identity = 1;
-        packages = [ pkgs.chromium ];
-        userns = true;
-        mapRealUid = true;
-        dbus = {
-          system = {
-            filter = true;
-            talk = [
-              "org.bluez"
-              "org.freedesktop.Avahi"
-              "org.freedesktop.UPower"
-            ];
-          };
-          session =
-            f:
-            f {
-              talk = [
-                "org.freedesktop.FileManager1"
-                "org.freedesktop.Notifications"
-                "org.freedesktop.ScreenSaver"
-                "org.freedesktop.secrets"
-                "org.kde.kwalletd5"
-                "org.kde.kwalletd6"
-              ];
-              own = [
-                "org.chromium.Chromium.*"
-                "org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.org.chromium.Chromium.*"
-                "org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.chromium.*"
-              ];
-              call = { };
-              broadcast = { };
-            };
-        };
-      };
 
-      "org.claws_mail.Claws-Mail" = {
+The NixOS module is in maintenance mode and will be removed once planterette is
-        name = "claws-mail";
+feature-complete. Full module documentation can be found [here](options.md).
-        identity = 2;
-        packages = [ pkgs.claws-mail ];
-        gpu = false;
-        capability.pulse = false;
-      };
-
-      "org.weechat" = {
-        name = "weechat";
-        identity = 3;
-        shareUid = true;
-        packages = [ pkgs.weechat ];
-        capability = {
-          wayland = false;
-          x11 = false;
-          dbus = true;
-          pulse = false;
-        };
-      };
-
-      "dev.vencord.Vesktop" = {
-        name = "discord";
-        identity = 3;
-        shareUid = true;
-        packages = [ pkgs.vesktop ];
-        share = pkgs.vesktop;
-        command = "vesktop --ozone-platform-hint=wayland";
-        userns = true;
-        mapRealUid = true;
-        capability.x11 = true;
-        dbus = {
-          session =
-            f:
-            f {
-              talk = [ "org.kde.StatusNotifierWatcher" ];
-              own = [ ];
-              call = { };
-              broadcast = { };
-            };
-          system.filter = true;
-        };
-      };
-
-      "io.looking-glass" = {
-        name = "looking-glass-client";
-        identity = 4;
-        useCommonPaths = false;
-        groups = [ "plugdev" ];
-        extraPaths = [
-          {
-            src = "/dev/shm/looking-glass";
-            write = true;
-          }
-        ];
-        extraConfig = {
-          programs.looking-glass-client.enable = true;
-        };
-      };
-    };
-  };
-}
-```

cmd/earlyinit/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"runtime"
+	. "syscall"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	runtime.LockOSThread()
+	log.SetFlags(0)
+	log.SetPrefix("earlyinit: ")
+
+	if err := Mount(
+		"devtmpfs",
+		"/dev/",
+		"devtmpfs",
+		MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC,
+		"",
+	); err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("cannot mount devtmpfs: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// The kernel might be unable to set up the console. When that happens,
+	// printk is called with "Warning: unable to open an initial console."
+	// and the init runs with no files. The checkfds runtime function
+	// populates 0-2 by opening /dev/null for them.
+	//
+	// This check replaces 1 and 2 with /dev/kmsg to improve the chance
+	// of output being visible to the user.
+	if fi, err := os.Stdout.Stat(); err == nil {
+		if stat, ok := fi.Sys().(*Stat_t); ok {
+			if stat.Rdev == 0x103 {
+				var fd int
+				if fd, err = Open(
+					"/dev/kmsg",
+					O_WRONLY|O_CLOEXEC,
+					0,
+				); err != nil {
+					log.Fatalf("cannot open kmsg: %v", err)
+				}
+
+				if err = Dup3(fd, Stdout, 0); err != nil {
+					log.Fatalf("cannot open stdout: %v", err)
+				}
+				if err = Dup3(fd, Stderr, 0); err != nil {
+					log.Fatalf("cannot open stderr: %v", err)
+				}
+
+				if err = Close(fd); err != nil {
+					log.Printf("cannot close kmsg: %v", err)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+}

cmd/hpkg/README

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-This program is a proof of concept and is now deprecated. It is only kept
-around for API demonstration purposes and to make the most out of the test
-suite.
-
-This program is replaced by planterette, which can be found at
-https://git.gensokyo.uk/security/planterette. Development effort should be
-focused there instead.

cmd/hpkg/app.go

@@ -1,173 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"encoding/json"
-	"log"
-	"os"
-
-	"hakurei.app/container/check"
-	"hakurei.app/container/fhs"
-	"hakurei.app/hst"
-)
-
-type appInfo struct {
-	Name    string `json:"name"`
-	Version string `json:"version"`
-
-	// passed through to [hst.Config]
-	ID string `json:"id"`
-	// passed through to [hst.Config]
-	Identity int `json:"identity"`
-	// passed through to [hst.Config]
-	Groups []string `json:"groups,omitempty"`
-	// passed through to [hst.Config]
-	Devel bool `json:"devel,omitempty"`
-	// passed through to [hst.Config]
-	Userns bool `json:"userns,omitempty"`
-	// passed through to [hst.Config]
-	HostNet bool `json:"net,omitempty"`
-	// passed through to [hst.Config]
-	HostAbstract bool `json:"abstract,omitempty"`
-	// passed through to [hst.Config]
-	Device bool `json:"dev,omitempty"`
-	// passed through to [hst.Config]
-	Tty bool `json:"tty,omitempty"`
-	// passed through to [hst.Config]
-	MapRealUID bool `json:"map_real_uid,omitempty"`
-	// passed through to [hst.Config]
-	DirectWayland bool `json:"direct_wayland,omitempty"`
-	// passed through to [hst.Config]
-	SystemBus *hst.BusConfig `json:"system_bus,omitempty"`
-	// passed through to [hst.Config]
-	SessionBus *hst.BusConfig `json:"session_bus,omitempty"`
-	// passed through to [hst.Config]
-	Enablements *hst.Enablements `json:"enablements,omitempty"`
-
-	// passed through to [hst.Config]
-	Multiarch bool `json:"multiarch,omitempty"`
-	// passed through to [hst.Config]
-	Bluetooth bool `json:"bluetooth,omitempty"`
-
-	// allow gpu access within sandbox
-	GPU bool `json:"gpu"`
-	// store path to nixGL mesa wrappers
-	Mesa string `json:"mesa,omitempty"`
-	// store path to nixGL source
-	NixGL string `json:"nix_gl,omitempty"`
-	// store path to activate-and-exec script
-	Launcher *check.Absolute `json:"launcher"`
-	// store path to /run/current-system
-	CurrentSystem *check.Absolute `json:"current_system"`
-	// store path to home-manager activation package
-	ActivationPackage string `json:"activation_package"`
-}
-
-func (app *appInfo) toHst(pathSet *appPathSet, pathname *check.Absolute, argv []string, flagDropShell bool) *hst.Config {
-	config := &hst.Config{
-		ID: app.ID,
-
-		Enablements: app.Enablements,
-
-		SystemBus:     app.SystemBus,
-		SessionBus:    app.SessionBus,
-		DirectWayland: app.DirectWayland,
-
-		Identity: app.Identity,
-		Groups:   app.Groups,
-
-		Container: &hst.ContainerConfig{
-			Hostname: formatHostname(app.Name),
-			Filesystem: []hst.FilesystemConfigJSON{
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Target: fhs.AbsEtc, Source: pathSet.cacheDir.Append("etc"), Special: true}},
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: pathSet.nixPath.Append("store"), Target: pathNixStore}},
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSLink{Target: pathCurrentSystem, Linkname: app.CurrentSystem.String()}},
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSLink{Target: pathBin, Linkname: pathSwBin.String()}},
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSLink{Target: fhs.AbsUsrBin, Linkname: pathSwBin.String()}},
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: pathSet.metaPath, Target: hst.AbsPrivateTmp.Append("app")}},
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsEtc.Append("resolv.conf"), Optional: true}},
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsSys.Append("block"), Optional: true}},
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsSys.Append("bus"), Optional: true}},
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsSys.Append("class"), Optional: true}},
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsSys.Append("dev"), Optional: true}},
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsSys.Append("devices"), Optional: true}},
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Target: pathDataData.Append(app.ID), Source: pathSet.homeDir, Write: true, Ensure: true}},
-			},
-
-			Username: "hakurei",
-			Shell:    pathShell,
-			Home:     pathDataData.Append(app.ID),
-
-			Path: pathname,
-			Args: argv,
-		},
-		ExtraPerms: []hst.ExtraPermConfig{
-			{Path: dataHome, Execute: true},
-			{Ensure: true, Path: pathSet.baseDir, Read: true, Write: true, Execute: true},
-		},
-	}
-
-	if app.Devel {
-		config.Container.Flags |= hst.FDevel
-	}
-	if app.Userns {
-		config.Container.Flags |= hst.FUserns
-	}
-	if app.HostNet {
-		config.Container.Flags |= hst.FHostNet
-	}
-	if app.HostAbstract {
-		config.Container.Flags |= hst.FHostAbstract
-	}
-	if app.Device {
-		config.Container.Flags |= hst.FDevice
-	}
-	if app.Tty || flagDropShell {
-		config.Container.Flags |= hst.FTty
-	}
-	if app.MapRealUID {
-		config.Container.Flags |= hst.FMapRealUID
-	}
-	if app.Multiarch {
-		config.Container.Flags |= hst.FMultiarch
-	}
-	config.Container.Flags |= hst.FShareRuntime | hst.FShareTmpdir
-	return config
-}
-
-func loadAppInfo(name string, beforeFail func()) *appInfo {
-	bundle := new(appInfo)
-	if f, err := os.Open(name); err != nil {
-		beforeFail()
-		log.Fatalf("cannot open bundle: %v", err)
-	} else if err = json.NewDecoder(f).Decode(&bundle); err != nil {
-		beforeFail()
-		log.Fatalf("cannot parse bundle metadata: %v", err)
-	} else if err = f.Close(); err != nil {
-		log.Printf("cannot close bundle metadata: %v", err)
-		// not fatal
-	}
-
-	if bundle.ID == "" {
-		beforeFail()
-		log.Fatal("application identifier must not be empty")
-	}
-	if bundle.Launcher == nil {
-		beforeFail()
-		log.Fatal("launcher must not be empty")
-	}
-	if bundle.CurrentSystem == nil {
-		beforeFail()
-		log.Fatal("current-system must not be empty")
-	}
-
-	return bundle
-}
-
-func formatHostname(name string) string {
-	if h, err := os.Hostname(); err != nil {
-		log.Printf("cannot get hostname: %v", err)
-		return "hakurei-" + name
-	} else {
-		return h + "-" + name
-	}
-}

cmd/hpkg/build.nix

@@ -1,256 +0,0 @@
-{
-  nixpkgsFor,
-  system,
-  nixpkgs,
-  home-manager,
-}:
-
-{
-  lib,
-  stdenv,
-  closureInfo,
-  writeScript,
-  runtimeShell,
-  writeText,
-  symlinkJoin,
-  vmTools,
-  runCommand,
-  fetchFromGitHub,
-
-  zstd,
-  nix,
-  sqlite,
-
-  name ? throw "name is required",
-  version ? throw "version is required",
-  pname ? "${name}-${version}",
-  modules ? [ ],
-  nixosModules ? [ ],
-  script ? ''
-    exec "$SHELL" "$@"
-  '',
-
-  id ? name,
-  identity ? throw "identity is required",
-  groups ? [ ],
-  userns ? false,
-  net ? true,
-  dev ? false,
-  no_new_session ? false,
-  map_real_uid ? false,
-  direct_wayland ? false,
-  system_bus ? null,
-  session_bus ? null,
-
-  allow_wayland ? true,
-  allow_x11 ? false,
-  allow_dbus ? true,
-  allow_audio ? true,
-  gpu ? allow_wayland || allow_x11,
-}:
-
-let
-  inherit (lib) optionals;
-
-  homeManagerConfiguration = home-manager.lib.homeManagerConfiguration {
-    pkgs = nixpkgsFor.${system};
-    modules = modules ++ [
-      {
-        home = {
-          username = "hakurei";
-          homeDirectory = "/data/data/${id}";
-          stateVersion = "22.11";
-        };
-      }
-    ];
-  };
-
-  launcher = writeScript "hakurei-${pname}" ''
-    #!${runtimeShell} -el
-    ${script}
-  '';
-
-  extraNixOSConfig =
-    { pkgs, ... }:
-    {
-      environment = {
-        etc.nixpkgs.source = nixpkgs.outPath;
-        systemPackages = [ pkgs.nix ];
-      };
-
-      imports = nixosModules;
-    };
-  nixos = nixpkgs.lib.nixosSystem {
-    inherit system;
-    modules = [
-      extraNixOSConfig
-      { nix.settings.experimental-features = [ "flakes" ]; }
-      { nix.settings.experimental-features = [ "nix-command" ]; }
-      { boot.isContainer = true; }
-      { system.stateVersion = "22.11"; }
-    ];
-  };
-
-  etc = vmTools.runInLinuxVM (
-    runCommand "etc" { } ''
-      mkdir -p /etc
-      ${nixos.config.system.build.etcActivationCommands}
-
-      # remove unused files
-      rm -rf /etc/sudoers
-
-      mkdir -p $out
-      tar -C /etc -cf "$out/etc.tar" .
-    ''
-  );
-
-  extendSessionDefault = id: ext: {
-    filter = true;
-
-    talk = [ "org.freedesktop.Notifications" ] ++ ext.talk;
-    own =
-      (optionals (id != null) [
-        "${id}.*"
-        "org.mpris.MediaPlayer2.${id}.*"
-      ])
-      ++ ext.own;
-
-    inherit (ext) call broadcast;
-  };
-
-  nixGL = fetchFromGitHub {
-    owner = "nix-community";
-    repo = "nixGL";
-    rev = "310f8e49a149e4c9ea52f1adf70cdc768ec53f8a";
-    hash = "sha256-lnzZQYG0+EXl/6NkGpyIz+FEOc/DSEG57AP1VsdeNrM=";
-  };
-
-  mesaWrappers =
-    let
-      isIntelX86Platform = system == "x86_64-linux";
-      nixGLPackages = import (nixGL + "/default.nix") {
-        pkgs = nixpkgs.legacyPackages.${system};
-        enable32bits = isIntelX86Platform;
-        enableIntelX86Extensions = isIntelX86Platform;
-      };
-    in
-    symlinkJoin {
-      name = "nixGL-mesa";
-      paths = with nixGLPackages; [
-        nixGLIntel
-        nixVulkanIntel
-      ];
-    };
-
-  info = builtins.toJSON {
-    inherit
-      name
-      version
-      id
-      identity
-      launcher
-      groups
-      userns
-      net
-      dev
-      no_new_session
-      map_real_uid
-      direct_wayland
-      system_bus
-      gpu
-      ;
-
-    session_bus =
-      if session_bus != null then
-        (session_bus (extendSessionDefault id))
-      else
-        (extendSessionDefault id {
-          talk = [ ];
-          own = [ ];
-          call = { };
-          broadcast = { };
-        });
-
-    enablements = {
-      wayland = allow_wayland;
-      x11 = allow_x11;
-      dbus = allow_dbus;
-      pipewire = allow_audio;
-    };
-
-    mesa = if gpu then mesaWrappers else null;
-    nix_gl = if gpu then nixGL else null;
-    current_system = nixos.config.system.build.toplevel;
-    activation_package = homeManagerConfiguration.activationPackage;
-  };
-in
-
-stdenv.mkDerivation {
-  name = "${pname}.pkg";
-  inherit version;
-  __structuredAttrs = true;
-
-  nativeBuildInputs = [
-    zstd
-    nix
-    sqlite
-  ];
-
-  buildCommand = ''
-    NIX_ROOT="$(mktemp -d)"
-    export USER="nobody"
-
-    # create bootstrap store
-    bootstrapClosureInfo="${
-      closureInfo {
-        rootPaths = [
-          nix
-          nixos.config.system.build.toplevel
-        ];
-      }
-    }"
-    echo "copying bootstrap store paths..."
-    mkdir -p "$NIX_ROOT/nix/store"
-    xargs -n 1 -a "$bootstrapClosureInfo/store-paths" cp -at "$NIX_ROOT/nix/store/"
-    NIX_REMOTE="local?root=$NIX_ROOT" nix-store --load-db < "$bootstrapClosureInfo/registration"
-    NIX_REMOTE="local?root=$NIX_ROOT" nix-store --optimise
-    sqlite3 "$NIX_ROOT/nix/var/nix/db/db.sqlite" "UPDATE ValidPaths SET registrationTime = ''${SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH}"
-    chmod -R +r "$NIX_ROOT/nix/var"
-
-    # create binary cache
-    closureInfo="${
-      closureInfo {
-        rootPaths = [
-          homeManagerConfiguration.activationPackage
-          launcher
-        ]
-        ++ optionals gpu [
-          mesaWrappers
-          nixGL
-        ];
-      }
-    }"
-    echo "copying application paths..."
-    TMP_STORE="$(mktemp -d)"
-    mkdir -p "$TMP_STORE/nix/store"
-    xargs -n 1 -a "$closureInfo/store-paths" cp -at "$TMP_STORE/nix/store/"
-    NIX_REMOTE="local?root=$TMP_STORE" nix-store --load-db < "$closureInfo/registration"
-    sqlite3 "$TMP_STORE/nix/var/nix/db/db.sqlite" "UPDATE ValidPaths SET registrationTime = ''${SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH}"
-    NIX_REMOTE="local?root=$TMP_STORE" nix --offline --extra-experimental-features nix-command \
-        --verbose --log-format raw-with-logs \
-        copy --all --no-check-sigs --to \
-        "file://$NIX_ROOT/res?compression=zstd&compression-level=19&parallel-compression=true"
-
-    # package /etc
-    mkdir -p "$NIX_ROOT/etc"
-    tar -C "$NIX_ROOT/etc" -xf "${etc}/etc.tar"
-
-    # write metadata
-    cp "${writeText "bundle.json" info}" "$NIX_ROOT/bundle.json"
-
-    # create an intermediate file to improve zstd performance
-    INTER="$(mktemp)"
-    tar -C "$NIX_ROOT" -cf "$INTER" .
-    zstd -T0 -19 -fo "$out" "$INTER"
-  '';
-}

cmd/hpkg/main.go

@@ -1,335 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"errors"
-	"log"
-	"os"
-	"os/signal"
-	"path"
-	"syscall"
-
-	"hakurei.app/command"
-	"hakurei.app/container/check"
-	"hakurei.app/container/fhs"
-	"hakurei.app/hst"
-	"hakurei.app/message"
-)
-
-var (
-	errSuccess = errors.New("success")
-)
-
-func main() {
-	log.SetPrefix("hpkg: ")
-	log.SetFlags(0)
-	msg := message.New(log.Default())
-
-	if err := os.Setenv("SHELL", pathShell.String()); err != nil {
-		log.Fatalf("cannot set $SHELL: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	if os.Geteuid() == 0 {
-		log.Fatal("this program must not run as root")
-	}
-
-	ctx, stop := signal.NotifyContext(context.Background(),
-		syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM)
-	defer stop() // unreachable
-
-	var (
-		flagVerbose   bool
-		flagDropShell bool
-	)
-	c := command.New(os.Stderr, log.Printf, "hpkg", func([]string) error { msg.SwapVerbose(flagVerbose); return nil }).
-		Flag(&flagVerbose, "v", command.BoolFlag(false), "Print debug messages to the console").
-		Flag(&flagDropShell, "s", command.BoolFlag(false), "Drop to a shell in place of next hakurei action")
-
-	{
-		var (
-			flagDropShellActivate bool
-		)
-		c.NewCommand("install", "Install an application from its package", func(args []string) error {
-			if len(args) != 1 {
-				log.Println("invalid argument")
-				return syscall.EINVAL
-			}
-			pkgPath := args[0]
-			if !path.IsAbs(pkgPath) {
-				if dir, err := os.Getwd(); err != nil {
-					log.Printf("cannot get current directory: %v", err)
-					return err
-				} else {
-					pkgPath = path.Join(dir, pkgPath)
-				}
-			}
-
-			/*
-				Look up paths to programs started by hpkg.
-				This is done here to ease error handling as cleanup is not yet required.
-			*/
-
-			var (
-				_     = lookPath("zstd")
-				tar   = lookPath("tar")
-				chmod = lookPath("chmod")
-				rm    = lookPath("rm")
-			)
-
-			/*
-				Extract package and set up for cleanup.
-			*/
-
-			var workDir *check.Absolute
-			if p, err := os.MkdirTemp("", "hpkg.*"); err != nil {
-				log.Printf("cannot create temporary directory: %v", err)
-				return err
-			} else if workDir, err = check.NewAbs(p); err != nil {
-				log.Printf("invalid temporary directory: %v", err)
-				return err
-			}
-			cleanup := func() {
-				// should be faster than a native implementation
-				mustRun(msg, chmod, "-R", "+w", workDir.String())
-				mustRun(msg, rm, "-rf", workDir.String())
-			}
-			beforeRunFail.Store(&cleanup)
-
-			mustRun(msg, tar, "-C", workDir.String(), "-xf", pkgPath)
-
-			/*
-				Parse bundle and app metadata, do pre-install checks.
-			*/
-
-			bundle := loadAppInfo(path.Join(workDir.String(), "bundle.json"), cleanup)
-			pathSet := pathSetByApp(bundle.ID)
-
-			a := bundle
-			if s, err := os.Stat(pathSet.metaPath.String()); err != nil {
-				if !os.IsNotExist(err) {
-					cleanup()
-					log.Printf("cannot access %q: %v", pathSet.metaPath, err)
-					return err
-				}
-				// did not modify app, clean installation condition met later
-			} else if s.IsDir() {
-				cleanup()
-				log.Printf("metadata path %q is not a file", pathSet.metaPath)
-				return syscall.EBADMSG
-			} else {
-				a = loadAppInfo(pathSet.metaPath.String(), cleanup)
-				if a.ID != bundle.ID {
-					cleanup()
-					log.Printf("app %q claims to have identifier %q",
-						bundle.ID, a.ID)
-					return syscall.EBADE
-				}
-				// sec: should verify credentials
-			}
-
-			if a != bundle {
-				// do not try to re-install
-				if a.NixGL == bundle.NixGL &&
-					a.CurrentSystem == bundle.CurrentSystem &&
-					a.Launcher == bundle.Launcher &&
-					a.ActivationPackage == bundle.ActivationPackage {
-					cleanup()
-					log.Printf("package %q is identical to local application %q",
-						pkgPath, a.ID)
-					return errSuccess
-				}
-
-				// identity determines uid
-				if a.Identity != bundle.Identity {
-					cleanup()
-					log.Printf("package %q identity %d differs from installed %d",
-						pkgPath, bundle.Identity, a.Identity)
-					return syscall.EBADE
-				}
-
-				// sec: should compare version string
-				msg.Verbosef("installing application %q version %q over local %q",
-					bundle.ID, bundle.Version, a.Version)
-			} else {
-				msg.Verbosef("application %q clean installation", bundle.ID)
-				// sec: should install credentials
-			}
-
-			/*
-				Setup steps for files owned by the target user.
-			*/
-
-			withCacheDir(ctx, msg, "install", []string{
-				// export inner bundle path in the environment
-				"export BUNDLE=" + hst.PrivateTmp + "/bundle",
-				// replace inner /etc
-				"mkdir -p etc",
-				"chmod -R +w etc",
-				"rm -rf etc",
-				"cp -dRf $BUNDLE/etc etc",
-				// replace inner /nix
-				"mkdir -p nix",
-				"chmod -R +w nix",
-				"rm -rf nix",
-				"cp -dRf /nix nix",
-				// copy from binary cache
-				"nix copy --offline --no-check-sigs --all --from file://$BUNDLE/res --to $PWD",
-				// deduplicate nix store
-				"nix store --offline --store $PWD optimise",
-				// make cache directory world-readable for autoetc
-				"chmod 0755 .",
-			}, workDir, bundle, pathSet, flagDropShell, cleanup)
-
-			if bundle.GPU {
-				withCacheDir(ctx, msg, "mesa-wrappers", []string{
-					// link nixGL mesa wrappers
-					"mkdir -p nix/.nixGL",
-					"ln -s " + bundle.Mesa + "/bin/nixGLIntel nix/.nixGL/nixGL",
-					"ln -s " + bundle.Mesa + "/bin/nixVulkanIntel nix/.nixGL/nixVulkan",
-				}, workDir, bundle, pathSet, false, cleanup)
-			}
-
-			/*
-				Activate home-manager generation.
-			*/
-
-			withNixDaemon(ctx, msg, "activate", []string{
-				// clean up broken links
-				"mkdir -p .local/state/{nix,home-manager}",
-				"chmod -R +w .local/state/{nix,home-manager}",
-				"rm -rf .local/state/{nix,home-manager}",
-				// run activation script
-				bundle.ActivationPackage + "/activate",
-			}, false, func(config *hst.Config) *hst.Config { return config },
-				bundle, pathSet, flagDropShellActivate, cleanup)
-
-			/*
-				Installation complete. Write metadata to block re-installs or downgrades.
-			*/
-
-			// serialise metadata to ensure consistency
-			if f, err := os.OpenFile(pathSet.metaPath.String()+"~", os.O_CREATE|os.O_WRONLY|os.O_TRUNC, 0644); err != nil {
-				cleanup()
-				log.Printf("cannot create metadata file: %v", err)
-				return err
-			} else if err = json.NewEncoder(f).Encode(bundle); err != nil {
-				cleanup()
-				log.Printf("cannot write metadata: %v", err)
-				return err
-			} else if err = f.Close(); err != nil {
-				log.Printf("cannot close metadata file: %v", err)
-				// not fatal
-			}
-
-			if err := os.Rename(pathSet.metaPath.String()+"~", pathSet.metaPath.String()); err != nil {
-				cleanup()
-				log.Printf("cannot rename metadata file: %v", err)
-				return err
-			}
-
-			cleanup()
-			return errSuccess
-		}).
-			Flag(&flagDropShellActivate, "s", command.BoolFlag(false), "Drop to a shell on activation")
-	}
-
-	{
-		var (
-			flagDropShellNixGL bool
-			flagAutoDrivers    bool
-		)
-		c.NewCommand("start", "Start an application", func(args []string) error {
-			if len(args) < 1 {
-				log.Println("invalid argument")
-				return syscall.EINVAL
-			}
-
-			/*
-				Parse app metadata.
-			*/
-
-			id := args[0]
-			pathSet := pathSetByApp(id)
-			a := loadAppInfo(pathSet.metaPath.String(), func() {})
-			if a.ID != id {
-				log.Printf("app %q claims to have identifier %q", id, a.ID)
-				return syscall.EBADE
-			}
-
-			/*
-				Prepare nixGL.
-			*/
-
-			if a.GPU && flagAutoDrivers {
-				withNixDaemon(ctx, msg, "nix-gl", []string{
-					"mkdir -p /nix/.nixGL/auto",
-					"rm -rf /nix/.nixGL/auto",
-					"export NIXPKGS_ALLOW_UNFREE=1",
-					"nix build --impure " +
-						"--out-link /nix/.nixGL/auto/opengl " +
-						"--override-input nixpkgs path:/etc/nixpkgs " +
-						"path:" + a.NixGL,
-					"nix build --impure " +
-						"--out-link /nix/.nixGL/auto/vulkan " +
-						"--override-input nixpkgs path:/etc/nixpkgs " +
-						"path:" + a.NixGL + "#nixVulkanNvidia",
-				}, true, func(config *hst.Config) *hst.Config {
-					config.Container.Filesystem = append(config.Container.Filesystem, []hst.FilesystemConfigJSON{
-						{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsEtc.Append("resolv.conf"), Optional: true}},
-						{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsSys.Append("block"), Optional: true}},
-						{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsSys.Append("bus"), Optional: true}},
-						{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsSys.Append("class"), Optional: true}},
-						{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsSys.Append("dev"), Optional: true}},
-						{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsSys.Append("devices"), Optional: true}},
-					}...)
-					appendGPUFilesystem(config)
-					return config
-				}, a, pathSet, flagDropShellNixGL, func() {})
-			}
-
-			/*
-				Create app configuration.
-			*/
-
-			pathname := a.Launcher
-			argv := make([]string, 1, len(args))
-			if flagDropShell {
-				pathname = pathShell
-				argv[0] = bash
-			} else {
-				argv[0] = a.Launcher.String()
-			}
-			argv = append(argv, args[1:]...)
-			config := a.toHst(pathSet, pathname, argv, flagDropShell)
-
-			/*
-				Expose GPU devices.
-			*/
-
-			if a.GPU {
-				config.Container.Filesystem = append(config.Container.Filesystem,
-					hst.FilesystemConfigJSON{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: pathSet.nixPath.Append(".nixGL"), Target: hst.AbsPrivateTmp.Append("nixGL")}})
-				appendGPUFilesystem(config)
-			}
-
-			/*
-				Spawn app.
-			*/
-
-			mustRunApp(ctx, msg, config, func() {})
-			return errSuccess
-		}).
-			Flag(&flagDropShellNixGL, "s", command.BoolFlag(false), "Drop to a shell on nixGL build").
-			Flag(&flagAutoDrivers, "auto-drivers", command.BoolFlag(false), "Attempt automatic opengl driver detection")
-	}
-
-	c.MustParse(os.Args[1:], func(err error) {
-		msg.Verbosef("command returned %v", err)
-		if errors.Is(err, errSuccess) {
-			msg.BeforeExit()
-			os.Exit(0)
-		}
-	})
-	log.Fatal("unreachable")
-}

cmd/hpkg/paths.go

@@ -1,117 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"log"
-	"os"
-	"os/exec"
-	"strconv"
-	"sync/atomic"
-
-	"hakurei.app/container/check"
-	"hakurei.app/container/fhs"
-	"hakurei.app/hst"
-	"hakurei.app/message"
-)
-
-const bash = "bash"
-
-var (
-	dataHome *check.Absolute
-)
-
-func init() {
-	// dataHome
-	if a, err := check.NewAbs(os.Getenv("HAKUREI_DATA_HOME")); err == nil {
-		dataHome = a
-	} else {
-		dataHome = fhs.AbsVarLib.Append("hakurei/" + strconv.Itoa(os.Getuid()))
-	}
-}
-
-var (
-	pathBin = fhs.AbsRoot.Append("bin")
-
-	pathNix           = check.MustAbs("/nix/")
-	pathNixStore      = pathNix.Append("store/")
-	pathCurrentSystem = fhs.AbsRun.Append("current-system")
-	pathSwBin         = pathCurrentSystem.Append("sw/bin/")
-	pathShell         = pathSwBin.Append(bash)
-
-	pathData     = check.MustAbs("/data")
-	pathDataData = pathData.Append("data")
-)
-
-func lookPath(file string) string {
-	if p, err := exec.LookPath(file); err != nil {
-		log.Fatalf("%s: command not found", file)
-		return ""
-	} else {
-		return p
-	}
-}
-
-var beforeRunFail = new(atomic.Pointer[func()])
-
-func mustRun(msg message.Msg, name string, arg ...string) {
-	msg.Verbosef("spawning process: %q %q", name, arg)
-	cmd := exec.Command(name, arg...)
-	cmd.Stdin, cmd.Stdout, cmd.Stderr = os.Stdin, os.Stdout, os.Stderr
-	if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
-		if f := beforeRunFail.Swap(nil); f != nil {
-			(*f)()
-		}
-		log.Fatalf("%s: %v", name, err)
-	}
-}
-
-type appPathSet struct {
-	// ${dataHome}/${id}
-	baseDir *check.Absolute
-	// ${baseDir}/app
-	metaPath *check.Absolute
-	// ${baseDir}/files
-	homeDir *check.Absolute
-	// ${baseDir}/cache
-	cacheDir *check.Absolute
-	// ${baseDir}/cache/nix
-	nixPath *check.Absolute
-}
-
-func pathSetByApp(id string) *appPathSet {
-	pathSet := new(appPathSet)
-	pathSet.baseDir = dataHome.Append(id)
-	pathSet.metaPath = pathSet.baseDir.Append("app")
-	pathSet.homeDir = pathSet.baseDir.Append("files")
-	pathSet.cacheDir = pathSet.baseDir.Append("cache")
-	pathSet.nixPath = pathSet.cacheDir.Append("nix")
-	return pathSet
-}
-
-func appendGPUFilesystem(config *hst.Config) {
-	config.Container.Filesystem = append(config.Container.Filesystem, []hst.FilesystemConfigJSON{
-		// flatpak commit 763a686d874dd668f0236f911de00b80766ffe79
-		{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("dri"), Device: true, Optional: true}},
-		// mali
-		{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("mali"), Device: true, Optional: true}},
-		{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("mali0"), Device: true, Optional: true}},
-		{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("umplock"), Device: true, Optional: true}},
-		// nvidia
-		{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("nvidiactl"), Device: true, Optional: true}},
-		{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("nvidia-modeset"), Device: true, Optional: true}},
-		// nvidia OpenCL/CUDA
-		{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("nvidia-uvm"), Device: true, Optional: true}},
-		{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("nvidia-uvm-tools"), Device: true, Optional: true}},
-
-		// flatpak commit d2dff2875bb3b7e2cd92d8204088d743fd07f3ff
-		{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("nvidia0"), Device: true, Optional: true}}, {FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("nvidia1"), Device: true, Optional: true}},
-		{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("nvidia2"), Device: true, Optional: true}}, {FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("nvidia3"), Device: true, Optional: true}},
-		{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("nvidia4"), Device: true, Optional: true}}, {FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("nvidia5"), Device: true, Optional: true}},
-		{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("nvidia6"), Device: true, Optional: true}}, {FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("nvidia7"), Device: true, Optional: true}},
-		{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("nvidia8"), Device: true, Optional: true}}, {FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("nvidia9"), Device: true, Optional: true}},
-		{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("nvidia10"), Device: true, Optional: true}}, {FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("nvidia11"), Device: true, Optional: true}},
-		{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("nvidia12"), Device: true, Optional: true}}, {FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("nvidia13"), Device: true, Optional: true}},
-		{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("nvidia14"), Device: true, Optional: true}}, {FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("nvidia15"), Device: true, Optional: true}},
-		{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("nvidia16"), Device: true, Optional: true}}, {FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("nvidia17"), Device: true, Optional: true}},
-		{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("nvidia18"), Device: true, Optional: true}}, {FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: fhs.AbsDev.Append("nvidia19"), Device: true, Optional: true}},
-	}...)
-}

cmd/hpkg/proc.go

@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"errors"
-	"io"
-	"log"
-	"os"
-	"os/exec"
-
-	"hakurei.app/hst"
-	"hakurei.app/internal/info"
-	"hakurei.app/message"
-)
-
-var hakureiPathVal = info.MustHakureiPath().String()
-
-func mustRunApp(ctx context.Context, msg message.Msg, config *hst.Config, beforeFail func()) {
-	var (
-		cmd *exec.Cmd
-		st  io.WriteCloser
-	)
-
-	if r, w, err := os.Pipe(); err != nil {
-		beforeFail()
-		log.Fatalf("cannot pipe: %v", err)
-	} else {
-		if msg.IsVerbose() {
-			cmd = exec.CommandContext(ctx, hakureiPathVal, "-v", "app", "3")
-		} else {
-			cmd = exec.CommandContext(ctx, hakureiPathVal, "app", "3")
-		}
-		cmd.Stdin, cmd.Stdout, cmd.Stderr = os.Stdin, os.Stdout, os.Stderr
-		cmd.ExtraFiles = []*os.File{r}
-		st = w
-	}
-
-	go func() {
-		if err := json.NewEncoder(st).Encode(config); err != nil {
-			beforeFail()
-			log.Fatalf("cannot send configuration: %v", err)
-		}
-	}()
-
-	if err := cmd.Start(); err != nil {
-		beforeFail()
-		log.Fatalf("cannot start hakurei: %v", err)
-	}
-	if err := cmd.Wait(); err != nil {
-		var exitError *exec.ExitError
-		if errors.As(err, &exitError) {
-			beforeFail()
-			msg.BeforeExit()
-			os.Exit(exitError.ExitCode())
-		} else {
-			beforeFail()
-			log.Fatalf("cannot wait: %v", err)
-		}
-	}
-}

cmd/hpkg/test/configuration.nix

@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-{ pkgs, ... }:
-{
-  users.users = {
-    alice = {
-      isNormalUser = true;
-      description = "Alice Foobar";
-      password = "foobar";
-      uid = 1000;
-    };
-  };
-
-  home-manager.users.alice.home.stateVersion = "24.11";
-
-  # Automatically login on tty1 as a normal user:
-  services.getty.autologinUser = "alice";
-
-  environment = {
-    variables = {
-      SWAYSOCK = "/tmp/sway-ipc.sock";
-      WLR_RENDERER = "pixman";
-    };
-  };
-
-  # Automatically configure and start Sway when logging in on tty1:
-  programs.bash.loginShellInit = ''
-    if [ "$(tty)" = "/dev/tty1" ]; then
-      set -e
-
-      mkdir -p ~/.config/sway
-      (sed s/Mod4/Mod1/ /etc/sway/config &&
-      echo 'output * bg ${pkgs.nixos-artwork.wallpapers.simple-light-gray.gnomeFilePath} fill' &&
-      echo 'output Virtual-1 res 1680x1050') > ~/.config/sway/config
-
-      sway --validate
-      systemd-cat --identifier=session sway && touch /tmp/sway-exit-ok
-    fi
-  '';
-
-  programs.sway.enable = true;
-
-  virtualisation = {
-    diskSize = 6 * 1024;
-
-    qemu.options = [
-      # Need to switch to a different GPU driver than the default one (-vga std) so that Sway can launch:
-      "-vga none -device virtio-gpu-pci"
-
-      # Increase zstd performance:
-      "-smp 8"
-    ];
-  };
-
-  environment.hakurei = {
-    enable = true;
-    stateDir = "/var/lib/hakurei";
-    users.alice = 0;
-
-    extraHomeConfig = {
-      home.stateVersion = "23.05";
-    };
-  };
-}

cmd/hpkg/test/default.nix

@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-{
-  testers,
-  callPackage,
-
-  system,
-  self,
-}:
-let
-  buildPackage = self.buildPackage.${system};
-in
-testers.nixosTest {
-  name = "hpkg";
-  nodes.machine = {
-    environment.etc = {
-      "foot.pkg".source = callPackage ./foot.nix { inherit buildPackage; };
-    };
-
-    imports = [
-      ./configuration.nix
-
-      self.nixosModules.hakurei
-      self.inputs.home-manager.nixosModules.home-manager
-    ];
-  };
-
-  # adapted from nixos sway integration tests
-
-  # testScriptWithTypes:49: error: Cannot call function of unknown type
-  #           (machine.succeed if succeed else machine.execute)(
-  #           ^
-  # Found 1 error in 1 file (checked 1 source file)
-  skipTypeCheck = true;
-  testScript = builtins.readFile ./test.py;
-}

cmd/hpkg/test/foot.nix

@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
-{
-  lib,
-  buildPackage,
-  foot,
-  wayland-utils,
-  inconsolata,
-}:
-
-buildPackage {
-  name = "foot";
-  inherit (foot) version;
-
-  identity = 2;
-  id = "org.codeberg.dnkl.foot";
-
-  modules = [
-    {
-      home.packages = [
-        foot
-
-        # For wayland-info:
-        wayland-utils
-      ];
-    }
-  ];
-
-  nixosModules = [
-    {
-      # To help with OCR:
-      environment.etc."xdg/foot/foot.ini".text = lib.generators.toINI { } {
-        main = {
-          font = "inconsolata:size=14";
-        };
-        colors = rec {
-          foreground = "000000";
-          background = "ffffff";
-          regular2 = foreground;
-        };
-      };
-
-      fonts.packages = [ inconsolata ];
-    }
-  ];
-
-  script = ''
-    exec foot "$@"
-  '';
-}

cmd/hpkg/test/test.py

@@ -1,110 +0,0 @@
-import json
-import shlex
-
-q = shlex.quote
-NODE_GROUPS = ["nodes", "floating_nodes"]
-
-
-def swaymsg(command: str = "", succeed=True, type="command"):
-    assert command != "" or type != "command", "Must specify command or type"
-    shell = q(f"swaymsg -t {q(type)} -- {q(command)}")
-    with machine.nested(
-            f"sending swaymsg {shell!r}" + " (allowed to fail)" * (not succeed)
-    ):
-        ret = (machine.succeed if succeed else machine.execute)(
-            f"su - alice -c {shell}"
-        )
-
-    # execute also returns a status code, but disregard.
-    if not succeed:
-        _, ret = ret
-
-    if not succeed and not ret:
-        return None
-
-    parsed = json.loads(ret)
-    return parsed
-
-
-def walk(tree):
-    yield tree
-    for group in NODE_GROUPS:
-        for node in tree.get(group, []):
-            yield from walk(node)
-
-
-def wait_for_window(pattern):
-    def func(last_chance):
-        nodes = (node["name"] for node in walk(swaymsg(type="get_tree")))
-
-        if last_chance:
-            nodes = list(nodes)
-            machine.log(f"Last call! Current list of windows: {nodes}")
-
-        return any(pattern in name for name in nodes)
-
-    retry(func)
-
-
-def collect_state_ui(name):
-    swaymsg(f"exec hakurei ps > '/tmp/{name}.ps'")
-    machine.copy_from_vm(f"/tmp/{name}.ps", "")
-    swaymsg(f"exec hakurei --json ps > '/tmp/{name}.json'")
-    machine.copy_from_vm(f"/tmp/{name}.json", "")
-    machine.screenshot(name)
-
-
-def check_state(name, enablements):
-    instances = json.loads(machine.succeed("sudo -u alice -i XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/1000 hakurei --json ps"))
-    if len(instances) != 1:
-        raise Exception(f"unexpected state length {len(instances)}")
-    instance = instances[0]
-
-    if len(instance['container']['args']) != 1 or not (instance['container']['args'][0].startswith("/nix/store/")) or f"hakurei-{name}-" not in (instance['container']['args'][0]):
-        raise Exception(f"unexpected args {instance['container']['args']}")
-
-    if instance['enablements'] != enablements:
-        raise Exception(f"unexpected enablements {instance['enablements']}")
-
-
-start_all()
-machine.wait_for_unit("multi-user.target")
-
-# To check hakurei's version:
-print(machine.succeed("sudo -u alice -i hakurei version"))
-
-# Wait for Sway to complete startup:
-machine.wait_for_file("/run/user/1000/wayland-1")
-machine.wait_for_file("/tmp/sway-ipc.sock")
-
-# Prepare hpkg directory:
-machine.succeed("install -dm 0700 -o alice -g users /var/lib/hakurei/1000")
-
-# Install hpkg app:
-swaymsg("exec hpkg -v install /etc/foot.pkg && touch /tmp/hpkg-install-ok")
-machine.wait_for_file("/tmp/hpkg-install-ok")
-
-# Start app (foot) with Wayland enablement:
-swaymsg("exec hpkg -v start org.codeberg.dnkl.foot")
-wait_for_window("hakurei@machine-foot")
-machine.send_chars("clear; wayland-info && touch /tmp/success-client\n")
-machine.wait_for_file("/tmp/hakurei.0/tmpdir/2/success-client")
-collect_state_ui("app_wayland")
-check_state("foot", {"wayland": True, "dbus": True, "pipewire": True})
-# Verify acl on XDG_RUNTIME_DIR:
-print(machine.succeed("getfacl --absolute-names --omit-header --numeric /tmp/hakurei.0/runtime | grep 10002"))
-machine.send_chars("exit\n")
-machine.wait_until_fails("pgrep foot")
-# Verify acl cleanup on XDG_RUNTIME_DIR:
-machine.wait_until_fails("getfacl --absolute-names --omit-header --numeric /tmp/hakurei.0/runtime | grep 10002")
-
-# Exit Sway and verify process exit status 0:
-swaymsg("exit", succeed=False)
-machine.wait_for_file("/tmp/sway-exit-ok")
-
-# Print hakurei share and rundir contents:
-print(machine.succeed("find /tmp/hakurei.0 "
-    + "-path '/tmp/hakurei.0/runtime/*/*' -prune -o "
-    + "-path '/tmp/hakurei.0/tmpdir/*/*' -prune -o "
-    + "-print"))
-print(machine.fail("ls /run/user/1000/hakurei"))

cmd/hpkg/with.go

@@ -1,130 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"os"
-	"strings"
-
-	"hakurei.app/container/check"
-	"hakurei.app/container/fhs"
-	"hakurei.app/hst"
-	"hakurei.app/message"
-)
-
-func withNixDaemon(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	msg message.Msg,
-	action string, command []string, net bool, updateConfig func(config *hst.Config) *hst.Config,
-	app *appInfo, pathSet *appPathSet, dropShell bool, beforeFail func(),
-) {
-	flags := hst.FMultiarch | hst.FUserns // nix sandbox requires userns
-	if net {
-		flags |= hst.FHostNet
-	}
-	if dropShell {
-		flags |= hst.FTty
-	}
-
-	mustRunAppDropShell(ctx, msg, updateConfig(&hst.Config{
-		ID: app.ID,
-
-		ExtraPerms: []hst.ExtraPermConfig{
-			{Path: dataHome, Execute: true},
-			{Ensure: true, Path: pathSet.baseDir, Read: true, Write: true, Execute: true},
-		},
-
-		Identity: app.Identity,
-
-		Container: &hst.ContainerConfig{
-			Hostname: formatHostname(app.Name) + "-" + action,
-
-			Filesystem: []hst.FilesystemConfigJSON{
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Target: fhs.AbsEtc, Source: pathSet.cacheDir.Append("etc"), Special: true}},
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: pathSet.nixPath, Target: pathNix, Write: true}},
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSLink{Target: pathCurrentSystem, Linkname: app.CurrentSystem.String()}},
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSLink{Target: pathBin, Linkname: pathSwBin.String()}},
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSLink{Target: fhs.AbsUsrBin, Linkname: pathSwBin.String()}},
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Target: pathDataData.Append(app.ID), Source: pathSet.homeDir, Write: true, Ensure: true}},
-			},
-
-			Username: "hakurei",
-			Shell:    pathShell,
-			Home:     pathDataData.Append(app.ID),
-
-			Path: pathShell,
-			Args: []string{bash, "-lc", "rm -f /nix/var/nix/daemon-socket/socket && " +
-				// start nix-daemon
-				"nix-daemon --store / & " +
-				// wait for socket to appear
-				"(while [ ! -S /nix/var/nix/daemon-socket/socket ]; do sleep 0.01; done) && " +
-				// create directory so nix stops complaining
-				"mkdir -p /nix/var/nix/profiles/per-user/root/channels && " +
-				strings.Join(command, " && ") +
-				// terminate nix-daemon
-				" && pkill nix-daemon",
-			},
-
-			Flags: flags,
-		},
-	}), dropShell, beforeFail)
-}
-
-func withCacheDir(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	msg message.Msg,
-	action string, command []string, workDir *check.Absolute,
-	app *appInfo, pathSet *appPathSet, dropShell bool, beforeFail func(),
-) {
-	flags := hst.FMultiarch
-	if dropShell {
-		flags |= hst.FTty
-	}
-
-	mustRunAppDropShell(ctx, msg, &hst.Config{
-		ID: app.ID,
-
-		ExtraPerms: []hst.ExtraPermConfig{
-			{Path: dataHome, Execute: true},
-			{Ensure: true, Path: pathSet.baseDir, Read: true, Write: true, Execute: true},
-			{Path: workDir, Execute: true},
-		},
-
-		Identity: app.Identity,
-
-		Container: &hst.ContainerConfig{
-			Hostname: formatHostname(app.Name) + "-" + action,
-
-			Filesystem: []hst.FilesystemConfigJSON{
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Target: fhs.AbsEtc, Source: workDir.Append(fhs.Etc), Special: true}},
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: workDir.Append("nix"), Target: pathNix}},
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSLink{Target: pathCurrentSystem, Linkname: app.CurrentSystem.String()}},
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSLink{Target: pathBin, Linkname: pathSwBin.String()}},
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSLink{Target: fhs.AbsUsrBin, Linkname: pathSwBin.String()}},
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Source: workDir, Target: hst.AbsPrivateTmp.Append("bundle")}},
-				{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{Target: pathDataData.Append(app.ID, "cache"), Source: pathSet.cacheDir, Write: true, Ensure: true}},
-			},
-
-			Username: "nixos",
-			Shell:    pathShell,
-			Home:     pathDataData.Append(app.ID, "cache"),
-
-			Path: pathShell,
-			Args: []string{bash, "-lc", strings.Join(command, " && ")},
-
-			Flags: flags,
-		},
-	}, dropShell, beforeFail)
-}
-
-func mustRunAppDropShell(ctx context.Context, msg message.Msg, config *hst.Config, dropShell bool, beforeFail func()) {
-	if dropShell {
-		if config.Container != nil {
-			config.Container.Args = []string{bash, "-l"}
-		}
-		mustRunApp(ctx, msg, config, beforeFail)
-		beforeFail()
-		msg.BeforeExit()
-		os.Exit(0)
-	}
-	mustRunApp(ctx, msg, config, beforeFail)
-}

cmd/mbf/main.go

@@ -4,17 +4,22 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"io"
 	"log"
 	"os"
 	"os/signal"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"runtime"
 	"syscall"
+	"time"
 	"unique"
 
 	"hakurei.app/command"
 	"hakurei.app/container"
 	"hakurei.app/container/check"
+	"hakurei.app/container/fhs"
+	"hakurei.app/container/seccomp"
+	"hakurei.app/container/std"
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 	"hakurei.app/internal/rosa"
 	"hakurei.app/message"
@@ -51,10 +56,16 @@ func main() {
 		flagCures  int
 		flagBase   string
 		flagTShift int
+		flagIdle   bool
 	)
 	c := command.New(os.Stderr, log.Printf, "mbf", func([]string) (err error) {
 		msg.SwapVerbose(!flagQuiet)
 
+		flagBase = os.ExpandEnv(flagBase)
+		if flagBase == "" {
+			flagBase = "cache"
+		}
+
 		var base *check.Absolute
 		if flagBase, err = filepath.Abs(flagBase); err != nil {
 			return
@@ -70,6 +81,11 @@ func main() {
 				cache.SetThreshold(1 << flagTShift)
 			}
 		}
+
+		if flagIdle {
+			pkg.SchedPolicy = container.SCHED_IDLE
+		}
+
 		return
 	}).Flag(
 		&flagQuiet,
@@ -81,12 +97,16 @@ func main() {
 		"Maximum number of dependencies to cure at any given time",
 	).Flag(
 		&flagBase,
-		"d", command.StringFlag("cache"),
+		"d", command.StringFlag("$MBF_CACHE_DIR"),
 		"Directory to store cured artifacts",
 	).Flag(
 		&flagTShift,
 		"tshift", command.IntFlag(-1),
 		"Dependency graph size exponent, to the power of 2",
+	).Flag(
+		&flagIdle,
+		"sched-idle", command.BoolFlag(false),
+		"Set SCHED_IDLE scheduling policy",
 	)
 
 	{
@@ -109,17 +129,43 @@ func main() {
 		)
 	}
 
+	{
+		var (
+			flagGentoo   string
+			flagChecksum string
+
+			flagStage0 bool
+		)
 		c.NewCommand(
 			"stage3",
 			"Check for toolchain 3-stage non-determinism",
 			func(args []string) (err error) {
-			_, _, _, stage2 := (rosa.Std - 1).NewLLVM()
+				t := rosa.Std
-			_, _, _, stage3 := rosa.Std.NewLLVM()
+				if flagGentoo != "" {
+					t -= 3 // magic number to discourage misuse
+
+					var checksum pkg.Checksum
+					if len(flagChecksum) != 0 {
+						if err = pkg.Decode(&checksum, flagChecksum); err != nil {
+							return
+						}
+					}
+					rosa.SetGentooStage3(flagGentoo, checksum)
+				}
+
+				_, _, _, stage1 := (t - 2).NewLLVM()
+				_, _, _, stage2 := (t - 1).NewLLVM()
+				_, _, _, stage3 := t.NewLLVM()
 				var (
 					pathname *check.Absolute
 					checksum [2]unique.Handle[pkg.Checksum]
 				)
 
+				if pathname, _, err = cache.Cure(stage1); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				log.Println("stage1:", pathname)
+
 				if pathname, checksum[0], err = cache.Cure(stage2); err != nil {
 					return err
 				}
@@ -134,11 +180,46 @@ func main() {
 						Got:  checksum[0].Value(),
 						Want: checksum[1].Value(),
 					}
+				} else {
+					log.Println(
+						"stage2 is identical to stage3",
+						"("+pkg.Encode(checksum[0].Value())+")",
+					)
 				}
+
+				if flagStage0 {
+					if pathname, _, err = cache.Cure(
+						t.Load(rosa.Stage0),
+					); err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
+					log.Println(pathname)
+				}
+
 				return
 			},
+		).
+			Flag(
+				&flagGentoo,
+				"gentoo", command.StringFlag(""),
+				"Bootstrap from a Gentoo stage3 tarball",
+			).
+			Flag(
+				&flagChecksum,
+				"checksum", command.StringFlag(""),
+				"Checksum of Gentoo stage3 tarball",
+			).
+			Flag(
+				&flagStage0,
+				"stage0", command.BoolFlag(false),
+				"Create bootstrap stage0 tarball",
 			)
+	}
 
+	{
+		var (
+			flagDump string
+		)
 		c.NewCommand(
 			"cure",
 			"Cure the named artifact and show its path",
@@ -146,92 +227,199 @@ func main() {
 				if len(args) != 1 {
 					return errors.New("cure requires 1 argument")
 				}
-			var p rosa.PArtifact
+				if p, ok := rosa.ResolveName(args[0]); !ok {
-			switch args[0] {
+					return fmt.Errorf("unknown artifact %q", args[0])
-			case "acl":
+				} else if flagDump == "" {
-				p = rosa.ACL
-			case "attr":
-				p = rosa.Attr
-			case "autoconf":
-				p = rosa.Autoconf
-			case "bash":
-				p = rosa.Bash
-			case "busybox":
-				p = rosa.Busybox
-			case "cmake":
-				p = rosa.CMake
-			case "coreutils":
-				p = rosa.Coreutils
-			case "diffutils":
-				p = rosa.Diffutils
-			case "gettext":
-				p = rosa.Gettext
-			case "git":
-				p = rosa.Git
-			case "go":
-				p = rosa.Go
-			case "gperf":
-				p = rosa.Gperf
-			case "hakurei":
-				p = rosa.Hakurei
-			case "kernel-headers":
-				p = rosa.KernelHeaders
-			case "libXau":
-				p = rosa.LibXau
-			case "libexpat":
-				p = rosa.Libexpat
-			case "libseccomp":
-				p = rosa.Libseccomp
-			case "libxml2":
-				p = rosa.Libxml2
-			case "libffi":
-				p = rosa.Libffi
-			case "libgd":
-				p = rosa.Libgd
-			case "m4":
-				p = rosa.M4
-			case "make":
-				p = rosa.Make
-			case "meson":
-				p = rosa.Meson
-			case "ninja":
-				p = rosa.Ninja
-			case "patch":
-				p = rosa.Patch
-			case "perl":
-				p = rosa.Perl
-			case "pkg-config":
-				p = rosa.PkgConfig
-			case "python":
-				p = rosa.Python
-			case "rsync":
-				p = rosa.Rsync
-			case "setuptools":
-				p = rosa.Setuptools
-			case "wayland":
-				p = rosa.Wayland
-			case "wayland-protocols":
-				p = rosa.WaylandProtocols
-			case "xcb":
-				p = rosa.XCB
-			case "xcb-proto":
-				p = rosa.XCBProto
-			case "xproto":
-				p = rosa.Xproto
-			case "zlib":
-				p = rosa.Zlib
-
-			default:
-				return fmt.Errorf("unsupported artifact %q", args[0])
-			}
-
 					pathname, _, err := cache.Cure(rosa.Std.Load(p))
 					if err == nil {
 						log.Println(pathname)
 					}
 					return err
+				} else {
+					f, err := os.OpenFile(
+						flagDump,
+						os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREATE|os.O_EXCL,
+						0644,
+					)
+					if err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
 
+					if err = cache.EncodeAll(f, rosa.Std.Load(p)); err != nil {
+						_ = f.Close()
+						return err
+					}
+
+					return f.Close()
+				}
 			},
+		).
+			Flag(
+				&flagDump,
+				"dump", command.StringFlag(""),
+				"Write IR to specified pathname and terminate",
+			)
+	}
+
+	c.NewCommand(
+		"status",
+		"Display the status file of an artifact",
+		func(args []string) error {
+			if len(args) != 1 {
+				return errors.New("status requires 1 argument")
+			}
+			if p, ok := rosa.ResolveName(args[0]); !ok {
+				return fmt.Errorf("unknown artifact %q", args[0])
+			} else {
+				r, err := cache.OpenStatus(rosa.Std.Load(p))
+				if err != nil {
+					if errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+						return errors.New(args[0] + " was never cured")
+					}
+					return err
+				}
+
+				_, err = io.Copy(os.Stdout, r)
+				return errors.Join(err, r.Close())
+			}
+		},
+	)
+
+	{
+		var (
+			flagNet     bool
+			flagSession bool
+
+			flagWithToolchain bool
+		)
+		c.NewCommand(
+			"shell",
+			"Interactive shell in the specified Rosa OS environment",
+			func(args []string) error {
+				root := make([]pkg.Artifact, 0, 6+len(args))
+				for _, arg := range args {
+					p, ok := rosa.ResolveName(arg)
+					if !ok {
+						return fmt.Errorf("unknown artifact %q", arg)
+					}
+					root = append(root, rosa.Std.Load(p))
+				}
+
+				if flagWithToolchain {
+					musl, compilerRT, runtimes, clang := rosa.Std.NewLLVM()
+					root = append(root, musl, compilerRT, runtimes, clang)
+				} else {
+					root = append(root, rosa.Std.Load(rosa.Musl))
+				}
+				root = append(root,
+					rosa.Std.Load(rosa.Mksh),
+					rosa.Std.Load(rosa.Toybox),
+				)
+
+				type cureRes struct {
+					pathname *check.Absolute
+					checksum unique.Handle[pkg.Checksum]
+				}
+				cured := make(map[pkg.Artifact]cureRes)
+				for _, a := range root {
+					pathname, checksum, err := cache.Cure(a)
+					if err != nil {
+						return err
+					}
+					cured[a] = cureRes{pathname, checksum}
+				}
+
+				layers := pkg.PromoteLayers(root, func(a pkg.Artifact) (
+					*check.Absolute,
+					unique.Handle[pkg.Checksum],
+				) {
+					res := cured[a]
+					return res.pathname, res.checksum
+				}, func(i int, d pkg.Artifact) {
+					r := pkg.Encode(cache.Ident(d).Value())
+					if s, ok := d.(fmt.Stringer); ok {
+						if name := s.String(); name != "" {
+							r += "-" + name
+						}
+					}
+					msg.Verbosef("promoted layer %d as %s", i, r)
+				})
+
+				z := container.New(ctx, msg)
+				z.WaitDelay = 3 * time.Second
+				z.SeccompPresets = pkg.SeccompPresets
+				z.SeccompFlags |= seccomp.AllowMultiarch
+				z.ParentPerm = 0700
+				z.HostNet = flagNet
+				z.RetainSession = flagSession
+				z.Hostname = "localhost"
+				z.Uid, z.Gid = (1<<10)-1, (1<<10)-1
+				z.Stdin, z.Stdout, z.Stderr = os.Stdin, os.Stdout, os.Stderr
+
+				var tempdir *check.Absolute
+				if s, err := filepath.Abs(os.TempDir()); err != nil {
+					return err
+				} else if tempdir, err = check.NewAbs(s); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+
+				z.Dir = fhs.AbsRoot
+				z.Env = []string{
+					"SHELL=/system/bin/mksh",
+					"PATH=/system/bin",
+					"HOME=/",
+				}
+				z.Path = rosa.AbsSystem.Append("bin", "mksh")
+				z.Args = []string{"mksh"}
+				z.
+					OverlayEphemeral(fhs.AbsRoot, layers...).
+					Place(
+						fhs.AbsEtc.Append("hosts"),
+						[]byte("127.0.0.1 localhost\n"),
+					).
+					Place(
+						fhs.AbsEtc.Append("passwd"),
+						[]byte("media_rw:x:1023:1023::/:/system/bin/sh\n"+
+							"nobody:x:65534:65534::/proc/nonexistent:/system/bin/false\n"),
+					).
+					Place(
+						fhs.AbsEtc.Append("group"),
+						[]byte("media_rw:x:1023:\nnobody:x:65534:\n"),
+					).
+					Bind(tempdir, fhs.AbsTmp, std.BindWritable).
+					Proc(fhs.AbsProc).Dev(fhs.AbsDev, true)
+
+				if err := z.Start(); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				if err := z.Serve(); err != nil {
+					return err
+				}
+				return z.Wait()
+			},
+		).
+			Flag(
+				&flagNet,
+				"net", command.BoolFlag(false),
+				"Share host net namespace",
+			).
+			Flag(
+				&flagSession,
+				"session", command.BoolFlag(false),
+				"Retain session",
+			).
+			Flag(
+				&flagWithToolchain,
+				"with-toolchain", command.BoolFlag(false),
+				"Include the stage3 LLVM toolchain",
+			)
+
+	}
+
+	c.Command(
+		"help",
+		"Show this help message",
+		func([]string) error { c.PrintHelp(); return nil },
 	)
 
 	c.MustParse(os.Args[1:], func(err error) {

cmd/pkgserver/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"embed"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+)
+
+//go:generate sh -c "sass ui/static/dark.scss ui/static/dark.css && sass ui/static/light.scss ui/static/light.css && tsc ui/static/index.ts"
+//go:embed ui/*
+var content embed.FS
+
+func serveWebUI(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	fmt.Printf("serveWebUI: %s\n", r.URL.Path)
+	w.Header().Set("Cache-Control", "no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate")
+	w.Header().Set("Pragma", "no-cache")
+	w.Header().Set("Expires", "0")
+	w.Header().Set("X-Content-Type-Options", "nosniff")
+	w.Header().Set("X-XSS-Protection", "1")
+	w.Header().Set("X-Frame-Options", "DENY")
+
+	http.ServeFileFS(w, r, content, "ui/index.html")
+}
+func serveStaticContent(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	fmt.Printf("serveStaticContent: %s\n", r.URL.Path)
+	switch r.URL.Path {
+	case "/static/style.css":
+		darkTheme := r.CookiesNamed("dark_theme")
+		if len(darkTheme) > 0 && darkTheme[0].Value == "true" {
+			http.ServeFileFS(w, r, content, "ui/static/dark.css")
+		} else {
+			http.ServeFileFS(w, r, content, "ui/static/light.css")
+		}
+		break
+	case "/favicon.ico":
+		http.ServeFileFS(w, r, content, "ui/static/favicon.ico")
+		break
+	case "/static/index.js":
+		http.ServeFileFS(w, r, content, "ui/static/index.js")
+		break
+	default:
+		http.NotFound(w, r)
+
+	}
+}
+func serveAPI(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+
+}
+func main() {
+	http.HandleFunc("GET /{$}", serveWebUI)
+	http.HandleFunc("GET /favicon.ico", serveStaticContent)
+	http.HandleFunc("GET /static/", serveStaticContent)
+	http.HandleFunc("GET /api/", serveAPI)
+	http.ListenAndServe(":8067", nil)
+}

cmd/pkgserver/ui/index.html

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8">
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="static/style.css">
+    <title>Hakurei PkgServer</title>
+    <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.7.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
+    <script src="static/index.js"></script>
+</head>
+<body>
+<h1>Hakurei PkgServer</h1>
+
+<table id="pkg-list">
+    <tr><th>Status</th><th>Name</th><th>Version</th></tr>
+</table>
+<p>Showing entries <span id="entry-counter"></span>.</p>
+<span class="bottom-nav"><a href="javascript:prevPage()">&laquo; Previous</a> <span id="page-number">1</span> <a href="javascript:nextPage()">Next &raquo;</a></span>
+<span><label for="count">Entries per page:</label><select name="count" id="count">
+    <option value="10">10</option>
+    <option value="25">25</option>
+    <option value="50">50</option>
+    <option value="100">100</option>
+</select></span>
+</body>
+<footer>&copy; <a href="https://hakurei.app/">Hakurei</a>. Licensed under the MIT license.</footer>
+</html>

cmd/pkgserver/ui/static/dark.css

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+@use 'common';
+html {
+  background-color: #2c2c2c;
+  color: ghostwhite; }
+
+/*# sourceMappingURL=dark.css.map */

cmd/pkgserver/ui/static/dark.css.map

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{
+"version": 3,
+"mappings": "AAAA,aAAa;AAEb,IAAK;EACH,gBAAgB,EAAE,OAAO;EACzB,KAAK,EAAE,UAAU",
+"sources": ["dark.scss"],
+"names": [],
+"file": "dark.css"
+}

cmd/pkgserver/ui/static/dark.scss

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+@use 'common';
+
+html {
+  background-color: #2c2c2c;
+  color: ghostwhite;
+}

cmd/pkgserver/ui/static/index.js

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+"use strict";
+var PackageEntry = /** @class */ (function () {
+    function PackageEntry() {
+    }
+    return PackageEntry;
+}());
+var State = /** @class */ (function () {
+    function State() {
+        this.entriesPerPage = 10;
+        this.currentPage = 1;
+        this.entryIndex = 0;
+        this.loadedEntries = [];
+    }
+    State.prototype.getEntriesPerPage = function () {
+        return this.entriesPerPage;
+    };
+    State.prototype.setEntriesPerPage = function (entriesPerPage) {
+        this.entriesPerPage = entriesPerPage;
+        this.updateRange();
+    };
+    State.prototype.getCurrentPage = function () {
+        return this.currentPage;
+    };
+    State.prototype.setCurrentPage = function (page) {
+        this.currentPage = page;
+        document.getElementById("page-number").innerText = String(this.currentPage);
+        this.updateRange();
+    };
+    State.prototype.getEntryIndex = function () {
+        return this.entryIndex;
+    };
+    State.prototype.setEntryIndex = function (entryIndex) {
+        this.entryIndex = entryIndex;
+        this.updateRange();
+    };
+    State.prototype.getLoadedEntries = function () {
+        return this.loadedEntries;
+    };
+    State.prototype.getMaxPage = function () {
+        return this.loadedEntries.length / this.entriesPerPage;
+    };
+    State.prototype.updateRange = function () {
+        var max = Math.min(this.entryIndex + this.entriesPerPage, this.loadedEntries.length);
+        document.getElementById("entry-counter").innerText = "".concat(this.entryIndex, "-").concat(max, " of ").concat(this.loadedEntries.length);
+    };
+    return State;
+}());
+var STATE;
+function prevPage() {
+    var current = STATE.getCurrentPage();
+    if (current > 1) {
+        STATE.setCurrentPage(STATE.getCurrentPage() - 1);
+    }
+}
+function nextPage() {
+    var current = STATE.getCurrentPage();
+    if (current < STATE.getMaxPage()) {
+        STATE.setCurrentPage(STATE.getCurrentPage() + 1);
+    }
+}
+document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function () {
+    STATE = new State();
+    STATE.updateRange();
+    document.getElementById("count").addEventListener("change", function (event) {
+        STATE.setEntriesPerPage(parseInt(event.target.value));
+    });
+});

cmd/pkgserver/ui/static/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+"use strict"
+
+class PackageEntry {
+
+}
+class State {
+    entriesPerPage: number = 10
+    currentPage: number = 1
+    entryIndex: number = 0
+    loadedEntries: PackageEntry[] = []
+    getEntriesPerPage(): number {
+        return this.entriesPerPage
+    }
+    setEntriesPerPage(entriesPerPage: number) {
+        this.entriesPerPage = entriesPerPage
+        this.updateRange()
+    }
+    getCurrentPage(): number {
+        return this.currentPage
+    }
+    setCurrentPage(page: number) {
+        this.currentPage = page
+        document.getElementById("page-number").innerText = String(this.currentPage)
+        this.updateRange()
+    }
+    getEntryIndex(): number {
+        return this.entryIndex
+    }
+    setEntryIndex(entryIndex: number) {
+        this.entryIndex = entryIndex
+        this.updateRange()
+    }
+    getLoadedEntries(): PackageEntry[] {
+        return this.loadedEntries
+    }
+    getMaxPage(): number {
+        return this.loadedEntries.length / this.entriesPerPage
+    }
+    updateRange() {
+        let max = Math.min(this.entryIndex + this.entriesPerPage, this.loadedEntries.length)
+        document.getElementById("entry-counter").innerText = `${this.entryIndex}-${max} of ${this.loadedEntries.length}`
+    }
+}
+
+let STATE: State
+
+function prevPage() {
+    let current = STATE.getCurrentPage()
+    if (current > 1) {
+        STATE.setCurrentPage(STATE.getCurrentPage() - 1)
+    }
+}
+function nextPage() {
+    let current = STATE.getCurrentPage()
+    if (current < STATE.getMaxPage()) {
+        STATE.setCurrentPage(STATE.getCurrentPage() + 1)
+    }
+}
+
+document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", () => {
+    STATE = new State()
+    STATE.updateRange()
+    document.getElementById("count").addEventListener("change", (event) => {
+        STATE.setEntriesPerPage(parseInt((event.target as HTMLSelectElement).value))
+    })
+})

cmd/pkgserver/ui/static/light.css

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+@use 'common';
+html {
+  background-color: #d3d3d3;
+  color: black; }
+
+/*# sourceMappingURL=light.css.map */

cmd/pkgserver/ui/static/light.css.map

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{
+"version": 3,
+"mappings": "AAAA,aAAa;AAEb,IAAK;EACH,gBAAgB,EAAE,OAAO;EACzB,KAAK,EAAE,KAAK",
+"sources": ["light.scss"],
+"names": [],
+"file": "light.css"
+}

cmd/pkgserver/ui/static/light.scss

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+@use 'common';
+
+html {
+  background-color: #d3d3d3;
+  color: black;
+}

cmd/sharefs/fuse.go

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ import (
 
 	"hakurei.app/container"
 	"hakurei.app/container/check"
+	"hakurei.app/container/fhs"
 	"hakurei.app/container/std"
 	"hakurei.app/hst"
 	"hakurei.app/internal/helper/proc"
@@ -441,12 +442,7 @@ func _main(s ...string) (exitCode int) {
 		// keep fuse_parse_cmdline happy in the container
 		z.Tmpfs(check.MustAbs(container.Nonexistent), 1<<10, 0755)
 
-		if a, err := check.NewAbs(container.MustExecutable(msg)); err != nil {
+		z.Path = fhs.AbsProcSelfExe
-			log.Println(err)
-			return 5
-		} else {
-			z.Path = a
-		}
 		z.Args = s
 		z.ForwardCancel = true
 		z.SeccompPresets |= std.PresetStrict

container/autoetc.go

@@ -10,8 +10,7 @@ import (
 
 func init() { gob.Register(new(AutoEtcOp)) }
 
-// Etc appends an [Op] that expands host /etc into a toplevel symlink mirror with /etc semantics.
+// Etc is a helper for appending [AutoEtcOp] to [Ops].
-// This is not a generic setup op. It is implemented here to reduce ipc overhead.
 func (f *Ops) Etc(host *check.Absolute, prefix string) *Ops {
 	e := &AutoEtcOp{prefix}
 	f.Mkdir(fhs.AbsEtc, 0755)
@@ -20,6 +19,9 @@ func (f *Ops) Etc(host *check.Absolute, prefix string) *Ops {
 	return f
 }
 
+// AutoEtcOp expands host /etc into a toplevel symlink mirror with /etc semantics.
+//
+// This is not a generic setup op. It is implemented here to reduce ipc overhead.
 type AutoEtcOp struct{ Prefix string }
 
 func (e *AutoEtcOp) Valid() bool                                { return e != nil }

container/autoroot.go

@@ -11,13 +11,15 @@ import (
 
 func init() { gob.Register(new(AutoRootOp)) }
 
-// Root appends an [Op] that expands a directory into a toplevel bind mount mirror on container root.
+// Root is a helper for appending [AutoRootOp] to [Ops].
-// This is not a generic setup op. It is implemented here to reduce ipc overhead.
 func (f *Ops) Root(host *check.Absolute, flags int) *Ops {
 	*f = append(*f, &AutoRootOp{host, flags, nil})
 	return f
 }
 
+// AutoRootOp expands a directory into a toplevel bind mount mirror on container root.
+//
+// This is not a generic setup op. It is implemented here to reduce ipc overhead.
 type AutoRootOp struct {
 	Host *check.Absolute
 	// passed through to bindMount

container/capability.go

@@ -50,10 +50,16 @@ func capset(hdrp *capHeader, datap *[2]capData) error {
 }
 
 // capBoundingSetDrop drops a capability from the calling thread's capability bounding set.
-func capBoundingSetDrop(cap uintptr) error { return Prctl(syscall.PR_CAPBSET_DROP, cap, 0) }
+func capBoundingSetDrop(cap uintptr) error {
+	return Prctl(syscall.PR_CAPBSET_DROP, cap, 0)
+}
 
 // capAmbientClearAll clears the ambient capability set of the calling thread.
-func capAmbientClearAll() error { return Prctl(PR_CAP_AMBIENT, PR_CAP_AMBIENT_CLEAR_ALL, 0) }
+func capAmbientClearAll() error {
+	return Prctl(PR_CAP_AMBIENT, PR_CAP_AMBIENT_CLEAR_ALL, 0)
+}
 
 // capAmbientRaise adds to the ambient capability set of the calling thread.
-func capAmbientRaise(cap uintptr) error { return Prctl(PR_CAP_AMBIENT, PR_CAP_AMBIENT_RAISE, cap) }
+func capAmbientRaise(cap uintptr) error {
+	return Prctl(PR_CAP_AMBIENT, PR_CAP_AMBIENT_RAISE, cap)
+}

container/check/overlay.go

@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@ const (
 	SpecialOverlayPath = ":"
 )
 
-// EscapeOverlayDataSegment escapes a string for formatting into the data argument of an overlay mount call.
+// EscapeOverlayDataSegment escapes a string for formatting into the data
+// argument of an overlay mount system call.
 func EscapeOverlayDataSegment(s string) string {
 	if s == "" {
 		return ""

container/container.go

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-// Package container implements unprivileged Linux containers with built-in support for syscall filtering.
+// Package container implements unprivileged Linux containers with built-in
+// support for syscall filtering.
 package container
 
 import (
@@ -37,24 +38,30 @@ type (
 	Container struct {
 		// Whether the container init should stay alive after its parent terminates.
 		AllowOrphan bool
+		// Scheduling policy to set via sched_setscheduler(2). The zero value
+		// skips this call. Supported policies are [SCHED_BATCH], [SCHED_IDLE].
+		SchedPolicy int
 		// Cgroup fd, nil to disable.
 		Cgroup *int
-		// ExtraFiles passed through to initial process in the container,
+		// ExtraFiles passed through to initial process in the container, with
-		// with behaviour identical to its [exec.Cmd] counterpart.
+		// behaviour identical to its [exec.Cmd] counterpart.
 		ExtraFiles []*os.File
 
-		// param pipe for shim and init
+		// Write end of a pipe connected to the init to deliver [Params].
 		setup *os.File
-		// cancels cmd
+		// Cancels the context passed to the underlying cmd.
 		cancel context.CancelFunc
-		// closed after Wait returns
+		// Closed after Wait returns. Keeps the spawning thread alive.
 		wait chan struct{}
 
 		Stdin  io.Reader
 		Stdout io.Writer
 		Stderr io.Writer
 
+		// Custom cancellation behaviour for the underlying [exec.Cmd]. Must
+		// deliver [CancelSignal] before returning.
 		Cancel func(cmd *exec.Cmd) error
+		// Copied to the underlying [exec.Cmd].
 		WaitDelay time.Duration
 
 		cmd *exec.Cmd
@@ -283,7 +290,11 @@ func (p *Container) Start() error {
 
 	// place setup pipe before user supplied extra files, this is later restored by init
 	if fd, f, err := Setup(&p.cmd.ExtraFiles); err != nil {
-		return &StartError{true, "set up params stream", err, false, false}
+		return &StartError{
+			Fatal: true,
+			Step:  "set up params stream",
+			Err:   err,
+		}
 	} else {
 		p.setup = f
 		p.cmd.Env = []string{setupEnv + "=" + strconv.Itoa(fd)}
@@ -295,10 +306,16 @@ func (p *Container) Start() error {
 		runtime.LockOSThread()
 		p.wait = make(chan struct{})
 
-		done <- func() error { // setup depending on per-thread state must happen here
+		// setup depending on per-thread state must happen here
-			// PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS: depends on per-thread state but acts on all processes created from that thread
+		done <- func() error {
+			// PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS: thread-directed but acts on all processes
+			// created from the calling thread
 			if err := SetNoNewPrivs(); err != nil {
-				return &StartError{true, "prctl(PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS)", err, false, false}
+				return &StartError{
+					Fatal: true,
+					Step:  "prctl(PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS)",
+					Err:   err,
+				}
 			}
 
 			// landlock: depends on per-thread state but acts on a process group
@@ -310,28 +327,40 @@ func (p *Container) Start() error {
 
 				if abi, err := LandlockGetABI(); err != nil {
 					if p.HostAbstract {
-						// landlock can be skipped here as it restricts access to resources
+						// landlock can be skipped here as it restricts access
-						// already covered by namespaces (pid)
+						// to resources already covered by namespaces (pid)
 						goto landlockOut
 					}
-					return &StartError{false, "get landlock ABI", err, false, false}
+					return &StartError{Step: "get landlock ABI", Err: err}
 				} else if abi < 6 {
 					if p.HostAbstract {
 						// see above comment
 						goto landlockOut
 					}
-					return &StartError{false, "kernel version too old for LANDLOCK_SCOPE_ABSTRACT_UNIX_SOCKET", ENOSYS, true, false}
+					return &StartError{
+						Step:   "kernel too old for LANDLOCK_SCOPE_ABSTRACT_UNIX_SOCKET",
+						Err:    ENOSYS,
+						Origin: true,
+					}
 				} else {
 					p.msg.Verbosef("landlock abi version %d", abi)
 				}
 
 				if rulesetFd, err := rulesetAttr.Create(0); err != nil {
-					return &StartError{true, "create landlock ruleset", err, false, false}
+					return &StartError{
+						Fatal: true,
+						Step:  "create landlock ruleset",
+						Err:   err,
+					}
 				} else {
 					p.msg.Verbosef("enforcing landlock ruleset %s", rulesetAttr)
 					if err = LandlockRestrictSelf(rulesetFd, 0); err != nil {
 						_ = Close(rulesetFd)
-						return &StartError{true, "enforce landlock ruleset", err, false, false}
+						return &StartError{
+							Fatal: true,
+							Step:  "enforce landlock ruleset",
+							Err:   err,
+						}
 					}
 					if err = Close(rulesetFd); err != nil {
 						p.msg.Verbosef("cannot close landlock ruleset: %v", err)
@@ -342,9 +371,30 @@ func (p *Container) Start() error {
 			landlockOut:
 			}
 
+			// sched_setscheduler: thread-directed but acts on all processes
+			// created from the calling thread
+			if p.SchedPolicy > 0 {
+				p.msg.Verbosef("setting scheduling policy %d", p.SchedPolicy)
+				if err := schedSetscheduler(
+					0, // calling thread
+					p.SchedPolicy,
+					&schedParam{0},
+				); err != nil {
+					return &StartError{
+						Fatal: true,
+						Step:  "enforce landlock ruleset",
+						Err:   err,
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
 			p.msg.Verbose("starting container init")
 			if err := p.cmd.Start(); err != nil {
-				return &StartError{false, "start container init", err, false, true}
+				return &StartError{
+					Step:        "start container init",
+					Err:         err,
+					Passthrough: true,
+				}
 			}
 			return nil
 		}()
@@ -356,6 +406,7 @@ func (p *Container) Start() error {
 }
 
 // Serve serves [Container.Params] to the container init.
+//
 // Serve must only be called once.
 func (p *Container) Serve() error {
 	if p.setup == nil {
@@ -365,12 +416,21 @@ func (p *Container) Serve() error {
 	setup := p.setup
 	p.setup = nil
 	if err := setup.SetDeadline(time.Now().Add(initSetupTimeout)); err != nil {
-		return &StartError{true, "set init pipe deadline", err, false, true}
+		return &StartError{
+			Fatal:       true,
+			Step:        "set init pipe deadline",
+			Err:         err,
+			Passthrough: true,
+		}
 	}
 
 	if p.Path == nil {
 		p.cancel()
-		return &StartError{false, "invalid executable pathname", EINVAL, true, false}
+		return &StartError{
+			Step:   "invalid executable pathname",
+			Err:    EINVAL,
+			Origin: true,
+		}
 	}
 
 	// do not transmit nil
@@ -395,7 +455,8 @@ func (p *Container) Serve() error {
 	return err
 }
 
-// Wait waits for the container init process to exit and releases any resources associated with the [Container].
+// Wait blocks until the container init process to exit and releases any
+// resources associated with the [Container].
 func (p *Container) Wait() error {
 	if p.cmd == nil || p.cmd.Process == nil {
 		return EINVAL
@@ -440,11 +501,13 @@ func (p *Container) StderrPipe() (r io.ReadCloser, err error) {
 }
 
 func (p *Container) String() string {
-	return fmt.Sprintf("argv: %q, filter: %v, rules: %d, flags: %#x, presets: %#x",
+	return fmt.Sprintf(
-		p.Args, !p.SeccompDisable, len(p.SeccompRules), int(p.SeccompFlags), int(p.SeccompPresets))
+		"argv: %q, filter: %v, rules: %d, flags: %#x, presets: %#x",
+		p.Args, !p.SeccompDisable, len(p.SeccompRules), int(p.SeccompFlags), int(p.SeccompPresets),
+	)
 }
 
-// ProcessState returns the address to os.ProcessState held by the underlying [exec.Cmd].
+// ProcessState returns the address of os.ProcessState held by the underlying [exec.Cmd].
 func (p *Container) ProcessState() *os.ProcessState {
 	if p.cmd == nil {
 		return nil
@@ -452,7 +515,8 @@ func (p *Container) ProcessState() *os.ProcessState {
 	return p.cmd.ProcessState
 }
 
-// New returns the address to a new instance of [Container] that requires further initialisation before use.
+// New returns the address to a new instance of [Container]. This value requires
+// further initialisation before use.
 func New(ctx context.Context, msg message.Msg) *Container {
 	if msg == nil {
 		msg = message.New(nil)
@@ -461,12 +525,18 @@ func New(ctx context.Context, msg message.Msg) *Container {
 	p := &Container{ctx: ctx, msg: msg, Params: Params{Ops: new(Ops)}}
 	c, cancel := context.WithCancel(ctx)
 	p.cancel = cancel
-	p.cmd = exec.CommandContext(c, MustExecutable(msg))
+	p.cmd = exec.CommandContext(c, fhs.ProcSelfExe)
 	return p
 }
 
 // NewCommand calls [New] and initialises the [Params.Path] and [Params.Args] fields.
-func NewCommand(ctx context.Context, msg message.Msg, pathname *check.Absolute, name string, args ...string) *Container {
+func NewCommand(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	msg message.Msg,
+	pathname *check.Absolute,
+	name string,
+	args ...string,
+) *Container {
 	z := New(ctx, msg)
 	z.Path = pathname
 	z.Args = append([]string{name}, args...)

container/container_test.go

@@ -274,13 +274,13 @@ var containerTestCases = []struct {
 			Dev(check.MustAbs("/dev"), true),
 		),
 		earlyMnt(
-			ent("/", "/dev", "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime", "tmpfs", "devtmpfs", ignore),
+			ent("/", "/dev", "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime", "tmpfs", ignore, ignore),
-			ent("/null", "/dev/null", "rw,nosuid", "devtmpfs", "devtmpfs", ignore),
+			ent("/null", "/dev/null", ignore, "devtmpfs", ignore, ignore),
-			ent("/zero", "/dev/zero", "rw,nosuid", "devtmpfs", "devtmpfs", ignore),
+			ent("/zero", "/dev/zero", ignore, "devtmpfs", ignore, ignore),
-			ent("/full", "/dev/full", "rw,nosuid", "devtmpfs", "devtmpfs", ignore),
+			ent("/full", "/dev/full", ignore, "devtmpfs", ignore, ignore),
-			ent("/random", "/dev/random", "rw,nosuid", "devtmpfs", "devtmpfs", ignore),
+			ent("/random", "/dev/random", ignore, "devtmpfs", ignore, ignore),
-			ent("/urandom", "/dev/urandom", "rw,nosuid", "devtmpfs", "devtmpfs", ignore),
+			ent("/urandom", "/dev/urandom", ignore, "devtmpfs", ignore, ignore),
-			ent("/tty", "/dev/tty", "rw,nosuid", "devtmpfs", "devtmpfs", ignore),
+			ent("/tty", "/dev/tty", ignore, "devtmpfs", ignore, ignore),
 			ent("/", "/dev/pts", "rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime", "devpts", "devpts", "rw,mode=620,ptmxmode=666"),
 			ent("/", "/dev/mqueue", "rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime", "mqueue", "mqueue", "rw"),
 			ent("/", "/dev/shm", "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime", "tmpfs", "tmpfs", ignore),
@@ -292,13 +292,13 @@ var containerTestCases = []struct {
 			Dev(check.MustAbs("/dev"), false),
 		),
 		earlyMnt(
-			ent("/", "/dev", "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime", "tmpfs", "devtmpfs", ignore),
+			ent("/", "/dev", "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime", "tmpfs", ignore, ignore),
-			ent("/null", "/dev/null", "rw,nosuid", "devtmpfs", "devtmpfs", ignore),
+			ent("/null", "/dev/null", ignore, "devtmpfs", ignore, ignore),
-			ent("/zero", "/dev/zero", "rw,nosuid", "devtmpfs", "devtmpfs", ignore),
+			ent("/zero", "/dev/zero", ignore, "devtmpfs", ignore, ignore),
-			ent("/full", "/dev/full", "rw,nosuid", "devtmpfs", "devtmpfs", ignore),
+			ent("/full", "/dev/full", ignore, "devtmpfs", ignore, ignore),
-			ent("/random", "/dev/random", "rw,nosuid", "devtmpfs", "devtmpfs", ignore),
+			ent("/random", "/dev/random", ignore, "devtmpfs", ignore, ignore),
-			ent("/urandom", "/dev/urandom", "rw,nosuid", "devtmpfs", "devtmpfs", ignore),
+			ent("/urandom", "/dev/urandom", ignore, "devtmpfs", ignore, ignore),
-			ent("/tty", "/dev/tty", "rw,nosuid", "devtmpfs", "devtmpfs", ignore),
+			ent("/tty", "/dev/tty", ignore, "devtmpfs", ignore, ignore),
 			ent("/", "/dev/pts", "rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime", "devpts", "devpts", "rw,mode=620,ptmxmode=666"),
 			ent("/", "/dev/shm", "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime", "tmpfs", "tmpfs", ignore),
 		),
@@ -690,11 +690,22 @@ func init() {
 						return fmt.Errorf("got more than %d entries", len(mnt))
 					}
 
-					// ugly hack but should be reliable and is less likely to false negative than comparing by parsed flags
+					// ugly hack but should be reliable and is less likely to
-					cur.VfsOptstr = strings.TrimSuffix(cur.VfsOptstr, ",relatime")
+					//false negative than comparing by parsed flags
-					cur.VfsOptstr = strings.TrimSuffix(cur.VfsOptstr, ",noatime")
+					for _, s := range []string{
-					mnt[i].VfsOptstr = strings.TrimSuffix(mnt[i].VfsOptstr, ",relatime")
+						"relatime",
-					mnt[i].VfsOptstr = strings.TrimSuffix(mnt[i].VfsOptstr, ",noatime")
+						"noatime",
+					} {
+						cur.VfsOptstr = strings.TrimSuffix(cur.VfsOptstr, ","+s)
+						mnt[i].VfsOptstr = strings.TrimSuffix(mnt[i].VfsOptstr, ","+s)
+					}
+					for _, s := range []string{
+						"seclabel",
+						"inode64",
+					} {
+						cur.FsOptstr = strings.Replace(cur.FsOptstr, ","+s, "", 1)
+						mnt[i].FsOptstr = strings.Replace(mnt[i].FsOptstr, ","+s, "", 1)
+					}
 
 					if !cur.EqualWithIgnore(mnt[i], "\x00") {
 						fail = true
@@ -762,14 +773,13 @@ func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
 func helperNewContainerLibPaths(ctx context.Context, libPaths *[]*check.Absolute, args ...string) (c *container.Container) {
 	msg := message.New(nil)
 	msg.SwapVerbose(testing.Verbose())
-	executable := check.MustAbs(container.MustExecutable(msg))
 
 	c = container.NewCommand(ctx, msg, absHelperInnerPath, "helper", args...)
 	c.Env = append(c.Env, envDoCheck+"=1")
-	c.Bind(executable, absHelperInnerPath, 0)
+	c.Bind(fhs.AbsProcSelfExe, absHelperInnerPath, 0)
 
 	// in case test has cgo enabled
-	if entries, err := ldd.Resolve(ctx, msg, executable); err != nil {
+	if entries, err := ldd.Resolve(ctx, msg, nil); err != nil {
 		log.Fatalf("ldd: %v", err)
 	} else {
 		*libPaths = ldd.Path(entries)

container/dispatcher.go

@@ -21,7 +21,8 @@ type osFile interface {
 	fs.File
 }
 
-// syscallDispatcher provides methods that make state-dependent system calls as part of their behaviour.
+// syscallDispatcher provides methods that make state-dependent system calls as
+// part of their behaviour.
 type syscallDispatcher interface {
 	// new starts a goroutine with a new instance of syscallDispatcher.
 	// A syscallDispatcher must never be used in any goroutine other than the one owning it,

container/dispatcher_test.go

@@ -238,8 +238,11 @@ func sliceAddr[S any](s []S) *[]S { return &s }
 
 func newCheckedFile(t *testing.T, name, wantData string, closeErr error) osFile {
 	f := &checkedOsFile{t: t, name: name, want: wantData, closeErr: closeErr}
-	// check happens in Close, and cleanup is not guaranteed to run, so relying on it for sloppy implementations will cause sporadic test results
+	// check happens in Close, and cleanup is not guaranteed to run, so relying
-	f.cleanup = runtime.AddCleanup(f, func(name string) { f.t.Fatalf("checkedOsFile %s became unreachable without a call to Close", name) }, f.name)
+	// on it for sloppy implementations will cause sporadic test results
+	f.cleanup = runtime.AddCleanup(f, func(name string) {
+		panic("checkedOsFile " + name + " became unreachable without a call to Close")
+	}, name)
 	return f
 }
 

container/errors.go

@@ -43,7 +43,8 @@ func messageFromError(err error) (m string, ok bool) {
 }
 
 // messagePrefix checks and prefixes the error message of a non-pointer error.
-// While this is usable for pointer errors, such use should be avoided as nil check is omitted.
+// While this is usable for pointer errors, such use should be avoided as nil
+// check is omitted.
 func messagePrefix[T error](prefix string, err error) (string, bool) {
 	var targetError T
 	if errors.As(err, &targetError) {

container/executable.go

@@ -28,6 +28,9 @@ func copyExecutable(msg message.Msg) {
 	}
 }
 
+// MustExecutable calls [os.Executable] and terminates the process on error.
+//
+// Deprecated: This is no longer used and will be removed in 0.4.
 func MustExecutable(msg message.Msg) string {
 	executableOnce.Do(func() { copyExecutable(msg) })
 	return executable

container/fhs/abs.go

@@ -42,6 +42,8 @@ var (
 	AbsDevShm = unsafeAbs(DevShm)
 	// AbsProc is [Proc] as [check.Absolute].
 	AbsProc = unsafeAbs(Proc)
+	// AbsProcSelfExe is [ProcSelfExe] as [check.Absolute].
+	AbsProcSelfExe = unsafeAbs(ProcSelfExe)
 	// AbsSys is [Sys] as [check.Absolute].
 	AbsSys = unsafeAbs(Sys)
 )

container/fhs/fhs.go

@@ -9,7 +9,8 @@ const (
 	// Tmp points to the place for small temporary files.
 	Tmp = "/tmp/"
 
-	// Run points to a "tmpfs" file system for system packages to place runtime data, socket files, and similar.
+	// Run points to a "tmpfs" file system for system packages to place runtime
+	// data, socket files, and similar.
 	Run = "/run/"
 	// RunUser points to a directory containing per-user runtime directories,
 	// each usually individually mounted "tmpfs" instances.
@@ -17,10 +18,12 @@ const (
 
 	// Usr points to vendor-supplied operating system resources.
 	Usr = "/usr/"
-	// UsrBin points to binaries and executables for user commands that shall appear in the $PATH search path.
+	// UsrBin points to binaries and executables for user commands that shall
+	// appear in the $PATH search path.
 	UsrBin = Usr + "bin/"
 
-	// Var points to persistent, variable system data. Writable during normal system operation.
+	// Var points to persistent, variable system data. Writable during normal
+	// system operation.
 	Var = "/var/"
 	// VarLib points to persistent system data.
 	VarLib = Var + "lib/"
@@ -29,12 +32,20 @@ const (
 
 	// Dev points to the root directory for device nodes.
 	Dev = "/dev/"
-	// DevShm is the place for POSIX shared memory segments, as created via shm_open(3).
+	// DevShm is the place for POSIX shared memory segments, as created via
+	// shm_open(3).
 	DevShm = "/dev/shm/"
-	// Proc points to a virtual kernel file system exposing the process list and other functionality.
+	// Proc points to a virtual kernel file system exposing the process list and
+	// other functionality.
 	Proc = "/proc/"
-	// ProcSys points to a hierarchy below /proc/ that exposes a number of kernel tunables.
+	// ProcSys points to a hierarchy below /proc/ that exposes a number of
+	// kernel tunables.
 	ProcSys = Proc + "sys/"
-	// Sys points to a virtual kernel file system exposing discovered devices and other functionality.
+	// ProcSelf resolves to the process's own /proc/pid directory.
+	ProcSelf = Proc + "self/"
+	// ProcSelfExe is a symbolic link to program pathname.
+	ProcSelfExe = ProcSelf + "exe"
+	// Sys points to a virtual kernel file system exposing discovered devices
+	// and other functionality.
 	Sys = "/sys/"
 )

container/init.go

@@ -33,12 +33,12 @@ const (
 	- This path is only accessible by init and root:
 	  The container init sets SUID_DUMP_DISABLE and terminates if that fails.
 
-	It should be noted that none of this should become relevant at any point since the resulting
+	It should be noted that none of this should become relevant at any point
-	intermediate root tmpfs should be effectively anonymous. */
+	since the resulting intermediate root tmpfs should be effectively anonymous. */
 	intermediateHostPath = fhs.Proc + "self/fd"
 
-	// setupEnv is the name of the environment variable holding the string representation of
+	// setupEnv is the name of the environment variable holding the string
-	// the read end file descriptor of the setup params pipe.
+	// representation of the read end file descriptor of the setup params pipe.
 	setupEnv = "HAKUREI_SETUP"
 
 	// exitUnexpectedWait4 is the exit code if wait4 returns an unexpected errno.
@@ -59,7 +59,8 @@ type (
 		// late is called right before starting the initial process.
 		late(state *setupState, k syscallDispatcher) error
 
-		// prefix returns a log message prefix, and whether this Op prints no identifying message on its own.
+		// prefix returns a log message prefix, and whether this Op prints no
+		// identifying message on its own.
 		prefix() (string, bool)
 
 		Is(op Op) bool
@@ -71,9 +72,11 @@ type (
 	setupState struct {
 		nonrepeatable uintptr
 
-		// Whether early reaping has concluded. Must only be accessed in the wait4 loop.
+		// Whether early reaping has concluded. Must only be accessed in the
+		// wait4 loop.
 		processConcluded bool
-		// Process to syscall.WaitStatus populated in the wait4 loop. Freed after early reaping concludes.
+		// Process to syscall.WaitStatus populated in the wait4 loop. Freed
+		// after early reaping concludes.
 		process map[int]WaitStatus
 		// Synchronises access to process.
 		processMu sync.RWMutex
@@ -216,9 +219,10 @@ func initEntrypoint(k syscallDispatcher, msg message.Msg) {
 	defer cancel()
 
 	/* early is called right before pivot_root into intermediate root;
-	this step is mostly for gathering information that would otherwise be difficult to obtain
+	this step is mostly for gathering information that would otherwise be
-	via library functions after pivot_root, and implementations are expected to avoid changing
+	difficult to obtain via library functions after pivot_root, and
-	the state of the mount namespace */
+	implementations are expected to avoid changing the state of the mount
+	namespace */
 	for i, op := range *params.Ops {
 		if op == nil || !op.Valid() {
 			k.fatalf(msg, "invalid op at index %d", i)
@@ -258,10 +262,10 @@ func initEntrypoint(k syscallDispatcher, msg message.Msg) {
 		k.fatalf(msg, "cannot enter intermediate root: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	/* apply is called right after pivot_root and entering the new root;
+	/* apply is called right after pivot_root and entering the new root. This
-	this step sets up the container filesystem, and implementations are expected to keep the host root
+	step sets up the container filesystem, and implementations are expected to
-	and sysroot mount points intact but otherwise can do whatever they need to;
+	keep the host root and sysroot mount points intact but otherwise can do
-	chdir is allowed but discouraged */
+	whatever they need to. Calling chdir is allowed but discouraged. */
 	for i, op := range *params.Ops {
 		// ops already checked during early setup
 		if prefix, ok := op.prefix(); ok {

container/initbind.go

@@ -12,14 +12,16 @@ import (
 
 func init() { gob.Register(new(BindMountOp)) }
 
-// Bind appends an [Op] that bind mounts host path [BindMountOp.Source] on container path [BindMountOp.Target].
+// Bind is a helper for appending [BindMountOp] to [Ops].
 func (f *Ops) Bind(source, target *check.Absolute, flags int) *Ops {
 	*f = append(*f, &BindMountOp{nil, source, target, flags})
 	return f
 }
 
-// BindMountOp bind mounts host path Source on container path Target.
+// BindMountOp creates a bind mount from host path Source to container path Target.
-// Note that Flags uses bits declared in this package and should not be set with constants in [syscall].
+//
+// Note that Flags uses bits declared in the [std] package and should not be set
+// with constants in [syscall].
 type BindMountOp struct {
 	sourceFinal, Source, Target *check.Absolute
 

container/initdaemon.go

@@ -24,8 +24,7 @@ const (
 	daemonTimeout = 5 * time.Second
 )
 
-// Daemon appends an [Op] that starts a daemon in the container and blocks until
+// Daemon is a helper for appending [DaemonOp] to [Ops].
-// [DaemonOp.Target] appears.
 func (f *Ops) Daemon(target, path *check.Absolute, args ...string) *Ops {
 	*f = append(*f, &DaemonOp{target, path, args})
 	return f

container/initdev.go

@@ -19,7 +19,9 @@ func (f *Ops) Dev(target *check.Absolute, mqueue bool) *Ops {
 }
 
 // DevWritable appends an [Op] that mounts a writable subset of host /dev.
-// There is usually no good reason to write to /dev, so this should always be followed by a [RemountOp].
+//
+// There is usually no good reason to write to /dev, so this should always be
+// followed by a [RemountOp].
 func (f *Ops) DevWritable(target *check.Absolute, mqueue bool) *Ops {
 	*f = append(*f, &MountDevOp{target, mqueue, true})
 	return f

container/initmkdir.go

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import (
 
 func init() { gob.Register(new(MkdirOp)) }
 
-// Mkdir appends an [Op] that creates a directory in the container filesystem.
+// Mkdir is a helper for appending [MkdirOp] to [Ops].
 func (f *Ops) Mkdir(name *check.Absolute, perm os.FileMode) *Ops {
 	*f = append(*f, &MkdirOp{name, perm})
 	return f

container/initoverlay.go

@@ -54,8 +54,11 @@ func (e *OverlayArgumentError) Error() string {
 	}
 }
 
-// Overlay appends an [Op] that mounts the overlay pseudo filesystem on [MountOverlayOp.Target].
+// Overlay is a helper for appending [MountOverlayOp] to [Ops].
-func (f *Ops) Overlay(target, state, work *check.Absolute, layers ...*check.Absolute) *Ops {
+func (f *Ops) Overlay(
+	target, state, work *check.Absolute,
+	layers ...*check.Absolute,
+) *Ops {
 	*f = append(*f, &MountOverlayOp{
 		Target: target,
 		Lower:  layers,
@@ -65,13 +68,12 @@ func (f *Ops) Overlay(target, state, work *check.Absolute, layers ...*check.Abso
 	return f
 }
 
-// OverlayEphemeral appends an [Op] that mounts the overlay pseudo filesystem on [MountOverlayOp.Target]
+// OverlayEphemeral appends a [MountOverlayOp] with an ephemeral upperdir and workdir.
-// with an ephemeral upperdir and workdir.
 func (f *Ops) OverlayEphemeral(target *check.Absolute, layers ...*check.Absolute) *Ops {
 	return f.Overlay(target, fhs.AbsRoot, nil, layers...)
 }
 
-// OverlayReadonly appends an [Op] that mounts the overlay pseudo filesystem readonly on [MountOverlayOp.Target]
+// OverlayReadonly appends a readonly [MountOverlayOp].
 func (f *Ops) OverlayReadonly(target *check.Absolute, layers ...*check.Absolute) *Ops {
 	return f.Overlay(target, nil, nil, layers...)
 }
@@ -82,25 +84,34 @@ type MountOverlayOp struct {
 
 	// Any filesystem, does not need to be on a writable filesystem.
 	Lower []*check.Absolute
-	// formatted for [OptionOverlayLowerdir], resolved, prefixed and escaped during early
+	// Formatted for [OptionOverlayLowerdir].
+	//
+	// Resolved, prefixed and escaped during early.
 	lower []string
+
 	// The upperdir is normally on a writable filesystem.
 	//
-	// If Work is nil and Upper holds the special value [fhs.AbsRoot],
+	// If Work is nil and Upper holds the special value [fhs.AbsRoot], an
-	// an ephemeral upperdir and workdir will be set up.
+	// ephemeral upperdir and workdir will be set up.
 	//
-	// If both Work and Upper are nil, upperdir and workdir is omitted and the overlay is mounted readonly.
+	// If both Work and Upper are nil, upperdir and workdir is omitted and the
+	// overlay is mounted readonly.
 	Upper *check.Absolute
-	// formatted for [OptionOverlayUpperdir], resolved, prefixed and escaped during early
+	// Formatted for [OptionOverlayUpperdir].
+	//
+	// Resolved, prefixed and escaped during early.
 	upper string
+
 	// The workdir needs to be an empty directory on the same filesystem as upperdir.
 	Work *check.Absolute
-	// formatted for [OptionOverlayWorkdir], resolved, prefixed and escaped during early
+	// Formatted for [OptionOverlayWorkdir].
+	//
+	// Resolved, prefixed and escaped during early.
 	work string
 
 	ephemeral bool
 
-	// used internally for mounting to the intermediate root
+	// Used internally for mounting to the intermediate root.
 	noPrefix bool
 }
 

container/initplace.go

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ const (
 
 func init() { gob.Register(new(TmpfileOp)) }
 
-// Place appends an [Op] that places a file in container path [TmpfileOp.Path] containing [TmpfileOp.Data].
+// Place is a helper for appending [TmpfileOp] to [Ops].
 func (f *Ops) Place(name *check.Absolute, data []byte) *Ops {
 	*f = append(*f, &TmpfileOp{name, data})
 	return f

container/initplace_test.go

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ func TestTmpfileOp(t *testing.T) {
 			Path: samplePath,
 			Data: sampleData,
 		}, nil, nil, []stub.Call{
-			call("createTemp", stub.ExpectArgs{"/", "tmp.*"}, newCheckedFile(t, "tmp.32768", sampleDataString, nil), stub.UniqueError(5)),
+			call("createTemp", stub.ExpectArgs{"/", "tmp.*"}, (*checkedOsFile)(nil), stub.UniqueError(5)),
 		}, stub.UniqueError(5)},
 
 		{"Write", &Params{ParentPerm: 0700}, &TmpfileOp{
@@ -35,14 +35,14 @@ func TestTmpfileOp(t *testing.T) {
 			Path: samplePath,
 			Data: sampleData,
 		}, nil, nil, []stub.Call{
-			call("createTemp", stub.ExpectArgs{"/", "tmp.*"}, newCheckedFile(t, "tmp.32768", sampleDataString, stub.UniqueError(3)), nil),
+			call("createTemp", stub.ExpectArgs{"/", "tmp.*"}, newCheckedFile(t, "tmp.Close", sampleDataString, stub.UniqueError(3)), nil),
 		}, stub.UniqueError(3)},
 
 		{"ensureFile", &Params{ParentPerm: 0700}, &TmpfileOp{
 			Path: samplePath,
 			Data: sampleData,
 		}, nil, nil, []stub.Call{
-			call("createTemp", stub.ExpectArgs{"/", "tmp.*"}, newCheckedFile(t, "tmp.32768", sampleDataString, nil), nil),
+			call("createTemp", stub.ExpectArgs{"/", "tmp.*"}, newCheckedFile(t, "tmp.ensureFile", sampleDataString, nil), nil),
 			call("ensureFile", stub.ExpectArgs{"/sysroot/etc/passwd", os.FileMode(0444), os.FileMode(0700)}, nil, stub.UniqueError(2)),
 		}, stub.UniqueError(2)},
 
@@ -50,29 +50,29 @@ func TestTmpfileOp(t *testing.T) {
 			Path: samplePath,
 			Data: sampleData,
 		}, nil, nil, []stub.Call{
-			call("createTemp", stub.ExpectArgs{"/", "tmp.*"}, newCheckedFile(t, "tmp.32768", sampleDataString, nil), nil),
+			call("createTemp", stub.ExpectArgs{"/", "tmp.*"}, newCheckedFile(t, "tmp.bindMount", sampleDataString, nil), nil),
 			call("ensureFile", stub.ExpectArgs{"/sysroot/etc/passwd", os.FileMode(0444), os.FileMode(0700)}, nil, nil),
-			call("bindMount", stub.ExpectArgs{"tmp.32768", "/sysroot/etc/passwd", uintptr(0x5), false}, nil, stub.UniqueError(1)),
+			call("bindMount", stub.ExpectArgs{"tmp.bindMount", "/sysroot/etc/passwd", uintptr(0x5), false}, nil, stub.UniqueError(1)),
 		}, stub.UniqueError(1)},
 
 		{"remove", &Params{ParentPerm: 0700}, &TmpfileOp{
 			Path: samplePath,
 			Data: sampleData,
 		}, nil, nil, []stub.Call{
-			call("createTemp", stub.ExpectArgs{"/", "tmp.*"}, newCheckedFile(t, "tmp.32768", sampleDataString, nil), nil),
+			call("createTemp", stub.ExpectArgs{"/", "tmp.*"}, newCheckedFile(t, "tmp.remove", sampleDataString, nil), nil),
 			call("ensureFile", stub.ExpectArgs{"/sysroot/etc/passwd", os.FileMode(0444), os.FileMode(0700)}, nil, nil),
-			call("bindMount", stub.ExpectArgs{"tmp.32768", "/sysroot/etc/passwd", uintptr(0x5), false}, nil, nil),
+			call("bindMount", stub.ExpectArgs{"tmp.remove", "/sysroot/etc/passwd", uintptr(0x5), false}, nil, nil),
-			call("remove", stub.ExpectArgs{"tmp.32768"}, nil, stub.UniqueError(0)),
+			call("remove", stub.ExpectArgs{"tmp.remove"}, nil, stub.UniqueError(0)),
 		}, stub.UniqueError(0)},
 
 		{"success", &Params{ParentPerm: 0700}, &TmpfileOp{
 			Path: samplePath,
 			Data: sampleData,
 		}, nil, nil, []stub.Call{
-			call("createTemp", stub.ExpectArgs{"/", "tmp.*"}, newCheckedFile(t, "tmp.32768", sampleDataString, nil), nil),
+			call("createTemp", stub.ExpectArgs{"/", "tmp.*"}, newCheckedFile(t, "tmp.success", sampleDataString, nil), nil),
 			call("ensureFile", stub.ExpectArgs{"/sysroot/etc/passwd", os.FileMode(0444), os.FileMode(0700)}, nil, nil),
-			call("bindMount", stub.ExpectArgs{"tmp.32768", "/sysroot/etc/passwd", uintptr(0x5), false}, nil, nil),
+			call("bindMount", stub.ExpectArgs{"tmp.success", "/sysroot/etc/passwd", uintptr(0x5), false}, nil, nil),
-			call("remove", stub.ExpectArgs{"tmp.32768"}, nil, nil),
+			call("remove", stub.ExpectArgs{"tmp.success"}, nil, nil),
 		}, nil},
 	})
 

container/initproc.go

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import (
 
 func init() { gob.Register(new(MountProcOp)) }
 
-// Proc appends an [Op] that mounts a private instance of proc.
+// Proc is a helper for appending [MountProcOp] to [Ops].
 func (f *Ops) Proc(target *check.Absolute) *Ops {
 	*f = append(*f, &MountProcOp{target})
 	return f

container/initremount.go

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import (
 
 func init() { gob.Register(new(RemountOp)) }
 
-// Remount appends an [Op] that applies [RemountOp.Flags] on container path [RemountOp.Target].
+// Remount is a helper for appending [RemountOp] to [Ops].
 func (f *Ops) Remount(target *check.Absolute, flags uintptr) *Ops {
 	*f = append(*f, &RemountOp{target, flags})
 	return f

container/landlock.go

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ const (
 	_LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_DELIM
 )
 
+// String returns a space-separated string of [LandlockAccessFS] flags.
 func (f LandlockAccessFS) String() string {
 	switch f {
 	case LANDLOCK_ACCESS_FS_EXECUTE:
@@ -116,6 +117,7 @@ const (
 	_LANDLOCK_ACCESS_NET_DELIM
 )
 
+// String returns a space-separated string of [LandlockAccessNet] flags.
 func (f LandlockAccessNet) String() string {
 	switch f {
 	case LANDLOCK_ACCESS_NET_BIND_TCP:
@@ -152,6 +154,7 @@ const (
 	_LANDLOCK_SCOPE_DELIM
 )
 
+// String returns a space-separated string of [LandlockScope] flags.
 func (f LandlockScope) String() string {
 	switch f {
 	case LANDLOCK_SCOPE_ABSTRACT_UNIX_SOCKET:
@@ -184,10 +187,12 @@ type RulesetAttr struct {
 	HandledAccessFS LandlockAccessFS
 	// Bitmask of handled network actions.
 	HandledAccessNet LandlockAccessNet
-	// Bitmask of scopes restricting a Landlock domain from accessing outside resources (e.g. IPCs).
+	// Bitmask of scopes restricting a Landlock domain from accessing outside
+	// resources (e.g. IPCs).
 	Scoped LandlockScope
 }
 
+// String returns a user-facing description of [RulesetAttr].
 func (rulesetAttr *RulesetAttr) String() string {
 	if rulesetAttr == nil {
 		return "NULL"
@@ -208,6 +213,7 @@ func (rulesetAttr *RulesetAttr) String() string {
 	return strings.Join(elems, ", ")
 }
 
+// Create loads the ruleset into the kernel.
 func (rulesetAttr *RulesetAttr) Create(flags uintptr) (fd int, err error) {
 	var pointer, size uintptr
 	// NULL needed for abi version
@@ -216,10 +222,13 @@ func (rulesetAttr *RulesetAttr) Create(flags uintptr) (fd int, err error) {
 		size = unsafe.Sizeof(*rulesetAttr)
 	}
 
-	rulesetFd, _, errno := syscall.Syscall(std.SYS_LANDLOCK_CREATE_RULESET, pointer, size, flags)
+	rulesetFd, _, errno := syscall.Syscall(
+		std.SYS_LANDLOCK_CREATE_RULESET,
+		pointer, size,
+		flags,
+	)
 	fd = int(rulesetFd)
 	err = errno
-
 	if fd < 0 {
 		return
 	}
@@ -230,12 +239,19 @@ func (rulesetAttr *RulesetAttr) Create(flags uintptr) (fd int, err error) {
 	return fd, nil
 }
 
+// LandlockGetABI returns the ABI version supported by the kernel.
 func LandlockGetABI() (int, error) {
 	return (*RulesetAttr)(nil).Create(LANDLOCK_CREATE_RULESET_VERSION)
 }
 
+// LandlockRestrictSelf applies a loaded ruleset to the calling thread.
 func LandlockRestrictSelf(rulesetFd int, flags uintptr) error {
-	r, _, errno := syscall.Syscall(std.SYS_LANDLOCK_RESTRICT_SELF, uintptr(rulesetFd), flags, 0)
+	r, _, errno := syscall.Syscall(
+		std.SYS_LANDLOCK_RESTRICT_SELF,
+		uintptr(rulesetFd),
+		flags,
+		0,
+	)
 	if r != 0 {
 		return errno
 	}

container/netlink.go

@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ done:
 				}
 				if m.Header.Type == NLMSG_ERROR {
 					if len(m.Data) >= 4 {
-						errno := Errno(-std.ScmpInt(binary.NativeEndian.Uint32(m.Data)))
+						errno := Errno(-std.Int(binary.NativeEndian.Uint32(m.Data)))
 						if errno == 0 {
 							return nil
 						}

container/path.go

@@ -15,7 +15,10 @@ import (
 
 const (
 	// Nonexistent is a path that cannot exist.
-	// /proc is chosen because a system with covered /proc is unsupported by this package.
+	//
+	// This path can never be presented by the kernel if proc is mounted on
+	// /proc/. This can only exist if parts of /proc/ is covered, or proc is not
+	// mounted at all. Neither configuration is supported by this package.
 	Nonexistent = fhs.Proc + "nonexistent"
 
 	hostPath    = fhs.Root + hostDir

container/seccomp/libseccomp.go

@@ -88,18 +88,22 @@ var resPrefix = [...]string{
 	7: "seccomp_load failed",
 }
 
-// cbAllocateBuffer is the function signature for the function handle passed to hakurei_export_filter
+// cbAllocateBuffer is the function signature for the function handle passed to
-// which allocates the buffer that the resulting bpf program is copied into, and writes its slice header
+// hakurei_scmp_make_filter which allocates the buffer that the resulting bpf
-// to a value held by the caller.
+// program is copied into, and writes its slice header to a value held by the caller.
 type cbAllocateBuffer = func(len C.size_t) (buf unsafe.Pointer)
 
+// hakurei_scmp_allocate allocates a buffer of specified size known to the
+// runtime through a callback passed in a [cgo.Handle].
+//
 //export hakurei_scmp_allocate
 func hakurei_scmp_allocate(f C.uintptr_t, len C.size_t) (buf unsafe.Pointer) {
 	return cgo.Handle(f).Value().(cbAllocateBuffer)(len)
 }
 
-// makeFilter generates a bpf program from a slice of [std.NativeRule] and writes the resulting byte slice to p.
+// makeFilter generates a bpf program from a slice of [std.NativeRule] and
-// The filter is installed to the current process if p is nil.
+// writes the resulting byte slice to p. The filter is installed to the current
+// process if p is nil.
 func makeFilter(rules []std.NativeRule, flags ExportFlag, p *[]byte) error {
 	if len(rules) == 0 {
 		return ErrInvalidRules
@@ -170,8 +174,8 @@ func Export(rules []std.NativeRule, flags ExportFlag) (data []byte, err error) {
 	return
 }
 
-// Load generates a bpf program from a slice of [std.NativeRule] and enforces it on the current process.
+// Load generates a bpf program from a slice of [std.NativeRule] and enforces it
-// Errors returned by libseccomp is wrapped in [LibraryError].
+// on the current process. Errors returned by libseccomp is wrapped in [LibraryError].
 func Load(rules []std.NativeRule, flags ExportFlag) error { return makeFilter(rules, flags, nil) }
 
 type (

container/seccomp/presets_riscv64_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package seccomp_test
+
+import (
+	. "hakurei.app/container/seccomp"
+	. "hakurei.app/container/std"
+)
+
+var bpfExpected = bpfLookup{
+	{AllowMultiarch | AllowCAN |
+		AllowBluetooth, PresetExt |
+		PresetDenyNS | PresetDenyTTY | PresetDenyDevel |
+		PresetLinux32}: toHash(
+		"a1c4ffa35f4bfbf38061184760b9a09edfcb4964c3b534395e47327b83f3fb61f2f9573ddfcc4772424cc2f5dd12fd32471e6531dbe10e85eda3797dd4fa179f"),
+
+	{0, 0}: toHash(
+		"f3910fd727d087def593e3876c2c6ab9ace71d82ec8cbc992a26223e7bba85e1d7a0b56c5fc6303703f24595825dad8561637edaedd5384b34a6cd080946633c"),
+	{0, PresetExt}: toHash(
+		"741438c5e3f11c36c92ae8c5934f13440675c6e719541c2dbffeda79a10081bcfd9ad8314a60c1d1f53db86c8080c13fffa3bbcf7fe753935679b4b902737286"),
+	{0, PresetStrict}: toHash(
+		"79e9e464d02405c6d74fd2c771bd72a1311e488221c73a9c32db9270219837c54fccec2f36fe2474895547e60c311514567e2e6cf4e7a7fcf909c1ecd1e254a7"),
+	{0, PresetDenyNS | PresetDenyTTY | PresetDenyDevel}: toHash(
+		"3c443715a6c1e557a284862ea8efb70a5d4ecbe67d1226627323e861cd3646fb3e7768ec5b94b93760b7f652cf6916f66e317a4fbf8716d10c3673aa4fc3ae58"),
+	{0, PresetExt | PresetDenyDevel}: toHash(
+		"4448a74e8cc75a4ab63799c4f2cc2a5af63e5f4e8e9b8ac15a1873d647dfa67a4c67b39ed466d8dd32abc64136d401879fc6185c9ab00feeaf59ccf4305f8201"),
+	{0, PresetExt | PresetDenyNS | PresetDenyDevel}: toHash(
+		"c7c86e793cb7192f5f6c735f372cda27eb43ae1045e587f8eadb64c849520a3280b6570a3d7b601d32cddb38021585a2234db38e506cebfd10aa3d6c75440f17"),
+}

container/seccomp/std_test.go

@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ func TestSyscallResolveName(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestRuleType(t *testing.T) {
-	assertKind[std.ScmpUint, scmpUint](t)
+	assertKind[std.Uint, scmpUint](t)
-	assertKind[std.ScmpInt, scmpInt](t)
+	assertKind[std.Int, scmpInt](t)
 
 	assertSize[std.NativeRule, syscallRule](t)
 	assertKind[std.ScmpDatum, scmpDatum](t)

container/std/mksysnum_linux.pl

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ my %syscall_cutoff_arch = (
 	"x86" => 340,
 	"x86_64" => 302,
 	"aarch64" => 281,
+	"riscv64" => 281,
 );
 
 print <<EOF;

container/std/seccomp.go

@@ -7,24 +7,28 @@ import (
 
 type (
 	// ScmpUint is equivalent to C.uint.
-	ScmpUint uint32
+	//
+	// Deprecated: This type has been renamed to Uint and will be removed in 0.4.
+	ScmpUint = Uint
 	// ScmpInt is equivalent to C.int.
-	ScmpInt int32
+	//
+	// Deprecated: This type has been renamed to Int and will be removed in 0.4.
+	ScmpInt = Int
 
 	// ScmpSyscall represents a syscall number passed to libseccomp via [NativeRule.Syscall].
-	ScmpSyscall ScmpInt
+	ScmpSyscall Int
 	// ScmpErrno represents an errno value passed to libseccomp via [NativeRule.Errno].
-	ScmpErrno ScmpInt
+	ScmpErrno Int
 
 	// ScmpCompare is equivalent to enum scmp_compare;
-	ScmpCompare ScmpUint
+	ScmpCompare Uint
 	// ScmpDatum is equivalent to scmp_datum_t.
 	ScmpDatum uint64
 
 	// ScmpArgCmp is equivalent to struct scmp_arg_cmp.
 	ScmpArgCmp struct {
 		// argument number, starting at 0
-		Arg ScmpUint `json:"arg"`
+		Arg Uint `json:"arg"`
 		// the comparison op, e.g. SCMP_CMP_*
 		Op ScmpCompare `json:"op"`
 

container/std/syscall_extra_linux_riscv64.go

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+package std
+
+import "syscall"
+
+const (
+	SYS_NEWFSTATAT = syscall.SYS_FSTATAT
+)
+
+var syscallNumExtra = map[string]ScmpSyscall{
+	"uselib":          SNR_USELIB,
+	"clock_adjtime64": SNR_CLOCK_ADJTIME64,
+	"clock_settime64": SNR_CLOCK_SETTIME64,
+	"umount":          SNR_UMOUNT,
+	"chown":           SNR_CHOWN,
+	"chown32":         SNR_CHOWN32,
+	"fchown32":        SNR_FCHOWN32,
+	"lchown":          SNR_LCHOWN,
+	"lchown32":        SNR_LCHOWN32,
+	"setgid32":        SNR_SETGID32,
+	"setgroups32":     SNR_SETGROUPS32,
+	"setregid32":      SNR_SETREGID32,
+	"setresgid32":     SNR_SETRESGID32,
+	"setresuid32":     SNR_SETRESUID32,
+	"setreuid32":      SNR_SETREUID32,
+	"setuid32":        SNR_SETUID32,
+	"modify_ldt":      SNR_MODIFY_LDT,
+	"subpage_prot":    SNR_SUBPAGE_PROT,
+	"switch_endian":   SNR_SWITCH_ENDIAN,
+	"vm86":            SNR_VM86,
+	"vm86old":         SNR_VM86OLD,
+}
+
+const (
+	SNR_USELIB          ScmpSyscall = __PNR_uselib
+	SNR_CLOCK_ADJTIME64 ScmpSyscall = __PNR_clock_adjtime64
+	SNR_CLOCK_SETTIME64 ScmpSyscall = __PNR_clock_settime64
+	SNR_UMOUNT          ScmpSyscall = __PNR_umount
+	SNR_CHOWN           ScmpSyscall = __PNR_chown
+	SNR_CHOWN32         ScmpSyscall = __PNR_chown32
+	SNR_FCHOWN32        ScmpSyscall = __PNR_fchown32
+	SNR_LCHOWN          ScmpSyscall = __PNR_lchown
+	SNR_LCHOWN32        ScmpSyscall = __PNR_lchown32
+	SNR_SETGID32        ScmpSyscall = __PNR_setgid32
+	SNR_SETGROUPS32     ScmpSyscall = __PNR_setgroups32
+	SNR_SETREGID32      ScmpSyscall = __PNR_setregid32
+	SNR_SETRESGID32     ScmpSyscall = __PNR_setresgid32
+	SNR_SETRESUID32     ScmpSyscall = __PNR_setresuid32
+	SNR_SETREUID32      ScmpSyscall = __PNR_setreuid32
+	SNR_SETUID32        ScmpSyscall = __PNR_setuid32
+	SNR_MODIFY_LDT      ScmpSyscall = __PNR_modify_ldt
+	SNR_SUBPAGE_PROT    ScmpSyscall = __PNR_subpage_prot
+	SNR_SWITCH_ENDIAN   ScmpSyscall = __PNR_switch_endian
+	SNR_VM86            ScmpSyscall = __PNR_vm86
+	SNR_VM86OLD         ScmpSyscall = __PNR_vm86old
+)

container/std/syscall_linux_riscv64.go

@@ -0,0 +1,719 @@
+// mksysnum_linux.pl /usr/include/riscv64-linux-gnu/asm/unistd.h
+// Code generated by the command above; DO NOT EDIT.
+
+package std
+
+import . "syscall"
+
+var syscallNum = map[string]ScmpSyscall{
+	"io_setup":                SNR_IO_SETUP,
+	"io_destroy":              SNR_IO_DESTROY,
+	"io_submit":               SNR_IO_SUBMIT,
+	"io_cancel":               SNR_IO_CANCEL,
+	"io_getevents":            SNR_IO_GETEVENTS,
+	"setxattr":                SNR_SETXATTR,
+	"lsetxattr":               SNR_LSETXATTR,
+	"fsetxattr":               SNR_FSETXATTR,
+	"getxattr":                SNR_GETXATTR,
+	"lgetxattr":               SNR_LGETXATTR,
+	"fgetxattr":               SNR_FGETXATTR,
+	"listxattr":               SNR_LISTXATTR,
+	"llistxattr":              SNR_LLISTXATTR,
+	"flistxattr":              SNR_FLISTXATTR,
+	"removexattr":             SNR_REMOVEXATTR,
+	"lremovexattr":            SNR_LREMOVEXATTR,
+	"fremovexattr":            SNR_FREMOVEXATTR,
+	"getcwd":                  SNR_GETCWD,
+	"lookup_dcookie":          SNR_LOOKUP_DCOOKIE,
+	"eventfd2":                SNR_EVENTFD2,
+	"epoll_create1":           SNR_EPOLL_CREATE1,
+	"epoll_ctl":               SNR_EPOLL_CTL,
+	"epoll_pwait":             SNR_EPOLL_PWAIT,
+	"dup":                     SNR_DUP,
+	"dup3":                    SNR_DUP3,
+	"fcntl":                   SNR_FCNTL,
+	"inotify_init1":           SNR_INOTIFY_INIT1,
+	"inotify_add_watch":       SNR_INOTIFY_ADD_WATCH,
+	"inotify_rm_watch":        SNR_INOTIFY_RM_WATCH,
+	"ioctl":                   SNR_IOCTL,
+	"ioprio_set":              SNR_IOPRIO_SET,
+	"ioprio_get":              SNR_IOPRIO_GET,
+	"flock":                   SNR_FLOCK,
+	"mknodat":                 SNR_MKNODAT,
+	"mkdirat":                 SNR_MKDIRAT,
+	"unlinkat":                SNR_UNLINKAT,
+	"symlinkat":               SNR_SYMLINKAT,
+	"linkat":                  SNR_LINKAT,
+	"umount2":                 SNR_UMOUNT2,
+	"mount":                   SNR_MOUNT,
+	"pivot_root":              SNR_PIVOT_ROOT,
+	"nfsservctl":              SNR_NFSSERVCTL,
+	"statfs":                  SNR_STATFS,
+	"fstatfs":                 SNR_FSTATFS,
+	"truncate":                SNR_TRUNCATE,
+	"ftruncate":               SNR_FTRUNCATE,
+	"fallocate":               SNR_FALLOCATE,
+	"faccessat":               SNR_FACCESSAT,
+	"chdir":                   SNR_CHDIR,
+	"fchdir":                  SNR_FCHDIR,
+	"chroot":                  SNR_CHROOT,
+	"fchmod":                  SNR_FCHMOD,
+	"fchmodat":                SNR_FCHMODAT,
+	"fchownat":                SNR_FCHOWNAT,
+	"fchown":                  SNR_FCHOWN,
+	"openat":                  SNR_OPENAT,
+	"close":                   SNR_CLOSE,
+	"vhangup":                 SNR_VHANGUP,
+	"pipe2":                   SNR_PIPE2,
+	"quotactl":                SNR_QUOTACTL,
+	"getdents64":              SNR_GETDENTS64,
+	"lseek":                   SNR_LSEEK,
+	"read":                    SNR_READ,
+	"write":                   SNR_WRITE,
+	"readv":                   SNR_READV,
+	"writev":                  SNR_WRITEV,
+	"pread64":                 SNR_PREAD64,
+	"pwrite64":                SNR_PWRITE64,
+	"preadv":                  SNR_PREADV,
+	"pwritev":                 SNR_PWRITEV,
+	"sendfile":                SNR_SENDFILE,
+	"pselect6":                SNR_PSELECT6,
+	"ppoll":                   SNR_PPOLL,
+	"signalfd4":               SNR_SIGNALFD4,
+	"vmsplice":                SNR_VMSPLICE,
+	"splice":                  SNR_SPLICE,
+	"tee":                     SNR_TEE,
+	"readlinkat":              SNR_READLINKAT,
+	"newfstatat":              SNR_NEWFSTATAT,
+	"fstat":                   SNR_FSTAT,
+	"sync":                    SNR_SYNC,
+	"fsync":                   SNR_FSYNC,
+	"fdatasync":               SNR_FDATASYNC,
+	"sync_file_range":         SNR_SYNC_FILE_RANGE,
+	"timerfd_create":          SNR_TIMERFD_CREATE,
+	"timerfd_settime":         SNR_TIMERFD_SETTIME,
+	"timerfd_gettime":         SNR_TIMERFD_GETTIME,
+	"utimensat":               SNR_UTIMENSAT,
+	"acct":                    SNR_ACCT,
+	"capget":                  SNR_CAPGET,
+	"capset":                  SNR_CAPSET,
+	"personality":             SNR_PERSONALITY,
+	"exit":                    SNR_EXIT,
+	"exit_group":              SNR_EXIT_GROUP,
+	"waitid":                  SNR_WAITID,
+	"set_tid_address":         SNR_SET_TID_ADDRESS,
+	"unshare":                 SNR_UNSHARE,
+	"futex":                   SNR_FUTEX,
+	"set_robust_list":         SNR_SET_ROBUST_LIST,
+	"get_robust_list":         SNR_GET_ROBUST_LIST,
+	"nanosleep":               SNR_NANOSLEEP,
+	"getitimer":               SNR_GETITIMER,
+	"setitimer":               SNR_SETITIMER,
+	"kexec_load":              SNR_KEXEC_LOAD,
+	"init_module":             SNR_INIT_MODULE,
+	"delete_module":           SNR_DELETE_MODULE,
+	"timer_create":            SNR_TIMER_CREATE,
+	"timer_gettime":           SNR_TIMER_GETTIME,
+	"timer_getoverrun":        SNR_TIMER_GETOVERRUN,
+	"timer_settime":           SNR_TIMER_SETTIME,
+	"timer_delete":            SNR_TIMER_DELETE,
+	"clock_settime":           SNR_CLOCK_SETTIME,
+	"clock_gettime":           SNR_CLOCK_GETTIME,
+	"clock_getres":            SNR_CLOCK_GETRES,
+	"clock_nanosleep":         SNR_CLOCK_NANOSLEEP,
+	"syslog":                  SNR_SYSLOG,
+	"ptrace":                  SNR_PTRACE,
+	"sched_setparam":          SNR_SCHED_SETPARAM,
+	"sched_setscheduler":      SNR_SCHED_SETSCHEDULER,
+	"sched_getscheduler":      SNR_SCHED_GETSCHEDULER,
+	"sched_getparam":          SNR_SCHED_GETPARAM,
+	"sched_setaffinity":       SNR_SCHED_SETAFFINITY,
+	"sched_getaffinity":       SNR_SCHED_GETAFFINITY,
+	"sched_yield":             SNR_SCHED_YIELD,
+	"sched_get_priority_max":  SNR_SCHED_GET_PRIORITY_MAX,
+	"sched_get_priority_min":  SNR_SCHED_GET_PRIORITY_MIN,
+	"sched_rr_get_interval":   SNR_SCHED_RR_GET_INTERVAL,
+	"restart_syscall":         SNR_RESTART_SYSCALL,
+	"kill":                    SNR_KILL,
+	"tkill":                   SNR_TKILL,
+	"tgkill":                  SNR_TGKILL,
+	"sigaltstack":             SNR_SIGALTSTACK,
+	"rt_sigsuspend":           SNR_RT_SIGSUSPEND,
+	"rt_sigaction":            SNR_RT_SIGACTION,
+	"rt_sigprocmask":          SNR_RT_SIGPROCMASK,
+	"rt_sigpending":           SNR_RT_SIGPENDING,
+	"rt_sigtimedwait":         SNR_RT_SIGTIMEDWAIT,
+	"rt_sigqueueinfo":         SNR_RT_SIGQUEUEINFO,
+	"rt_sigreturn":            SNR_RT_SIGRETURN,
+	"setpriority":             SNR_SETPRIORITY,
+	"getpriority":             SNR_GETPRIORITY,
+	"reboot":                  SNR_REBOOT,
+	"setregid":                SNR_SETREGID,
+	"setgid":                  SNR_SETGID,
+	"setreuid":                SNR_SETREUID,
+	"setuid":                  SNR_SETUID,
+	"setresuid":               SNR_SETRESUID,
+	"getresuid":               SNR_GETRESUID,
+	"setresgid":               SNR_SETRESGID,
+	"getresgid":               SNR_GETRESGID,
+	"setfsuid":                SNR_SETFSUID,
+	"setfsgid":                SNR_SETFSGID,
+	"times":                   SNR_TIMES,
+	"setpgid":                 SNR_SETPGID,
+	"getpgid":                 SNR_GETPGID,
+	"getsid":                  SNR_GETSID,
+	"setsid":                  SNR_SETSID,
+	"getgroups":               SNR_GETGROUPS,
+	"setgroups":               SNR_SETGROUPS,
+	"uname":                   SNR_UNAME,
+	"sethostname":             SNR_SETHOSTNAME,
+	"setdomainname":           SNR_SETDOMAINNAME,
+	"getrlimit":               SNR_GETRLIMIT,
+	"setrlimit":               SNR_SETRLIMIT,
+	"getrusage":               SNR_GETRUSAGE,
+	"umask":                   SNR_UMASK,
+	"prctl":                   SNR_PRCTL,
+	"getcpu":                  SNR_GETCPU,
+	"gettimeofday":            SNR_GETTIMEOFDAY,
+	"settimeofday":            SNR_SETTIMEOFDAY,
+	"adjtimex":                SNR_ADJTIMEX,
+	"getpid":                  SNR_GETPID,
+	"getppid":                 SNR_GETPPID,
+	"getuid":                  SNR_GETUID,
+	"geteuid":                 SNR_GETEUID,
+	"getgid":                  SNR_GETGID,
+	"getegid":                 SNR_GETEGID,
+	"gettid":                  SNR_GETTID,
+	"sysinfo":                 SNR_SYSINFO,
+	"mq_open":                 SNR_MQ_OPEN,
+	"mq_unlink":               SNR_MQ_UNLINK,
+	"mq_timedsend":            SNR_MQ_TIMEDSEND,
+	"mq_timedreceive":         SNR_MQ_TIMEDRECEIVE,
+	"mq_notify":               SNR_MQ_NOTIFY,
+	"mq_getsetattr":           SNR_MQ_GETSETATTR,
+	"msgget":                  SNR_MSGGET,
+	"msgctl":                  SNR_MSGCTL,
+	"msgrcv":                  SNR_MSGRCV,
+	"msgsnd":                  SNR_MSGSND,
+	"semget":                  SNR_SEMGET,
+	"semctl":                  SNR_SEMCTL,
+	"semtimedop":              SNR_SEMTIMEDOP,
+	"semop":                   SNR_SEMOP,
+	"shmget":                  SNR_SHMGET,
+	"shmctl":                  SNR_SHMCTL,
+	"shmat":                   SNR_SHMAT,
+	"shmdt":                   SNR_SHMDT,
+	"socket":                  SNR_SOCKET,
+	"socketpair":              SNR_SOCKETPAIR,
+	"bind":                    SNR_BIND,
+	"listen":                  SNR_LISTEN,
+	"accept":                  SNR_ACCEPT,
+	"connect":                 SNR_CONNECT,
+	"getsockname":             SNR_GETSOCKNAME,
+	"getpeername":             SNR_GETPEERNAME,
+	"sendto":                  SNR_SENDTO,
+	"recvfrom":                SNR_RECVFROM,
+	"setsockopt":              SNR_SETSOCKOPT,
+	"getsockopt":              SNR_GETSOCKOPT,
+	"shutdown":                SNR_SHUTDOWN,
+	"sendmsg":                 SNR_SENDMSG,
+	"recvmsg":                 SNR_RECVMSG,
+	"readahead":               SNR_READAHEAD,
+	"brk":                     SNR_BRK,
+	"munmap":                  SNR_MUNMAP,
+	"mremap":                  SNR_MREMAP,
+	"add_key":                 SNR_ADD_KEY,
+	"request_key":             SNR_REQUEST_KEY,
+	"keyctl":                  SNR_KEYCTL,
+	"clone":                   SNR_CLONE,
+	"execve":                  SNR_EXECVE,
+	"mmap":                    SNR_MMAP,
+	"fadvise64":               SNR_FADVISE64,
+	"swapon":                  SNR_SWAPON,
+	"swapoff":                 SNR_SWAPOFF,
+	"mprotect":                SNR_MPROTECT,
+	"msync":                   SNR_MSYNC,
+	"mlock":                   SNR_MLOCK,
+	"munlock":                 SNR_MUNLOCK,
+	"mlockall":                SNR_MLOCKALL,
+	"munlockall":              SNR_MUNLOCKALL,
+	"mincore":                 SNR_MINCORE,
+	"madvise":                 SNR_MADVISE,
+	"remap_file_pages":        SNR_REMAP_FILE_PAGES,
+	"mbind":                   SNR_MBIND,
+	"get_mempolicy":           SNR_GET_MEMPOLICY,
+	"set_mempolicy":           SNR_SET_MEMPOLICY,
+	"migrate_pages":           SNR_MIGRATE_PAGES,
+	"move_pages":              SNR_MOVE_PAGES,
+	"rt_tgsigqueueinfo":       SNR_RT_TGSIGQUEUEINFO,
+	"perf_event_open":         SNR_PERF_EVENT_OPEN,
+	"accept4":                 SNR_ACCEPT4,
+	"recvmmsg":                SNR_RECVMMSG,
+	"wait4":                   SNR_WAIT4,
+	"prlimit64":               SNR_PRLIMIT64,
+	"fanotify_init":           SNR_FANOTIFY_INIT,
+	"fanotify_mark":           SNR_FANOTIFY_MARK,
+	"name_to_handle_at":       SNR_NAME_TO_HANDLE_AT,
+	"open_by_handle_at":       SNR_OPEN_BY_HANDLE_AT,
+	"clock_adjtime":           SNR_CLOCK_ADJTIME,
+	"syncfs":                  SNR_SYNCFS,
+	"setns":                   SNR_SETNS,
+	"sendmmsg":                SNR_SENDMMSG,
+	"process_vm_readv":        SNR_PROCESS_VM_READV,
+	"process_vm_writev":       SNR_PROCESS_VM_WRITEV,
+	"kcmp":                    SNR_KCMP,
+	"finit_module":            SNR_FINIT_MODULE,
+	"sched_setattr":           SNR_SCHED_SETATTR,
+	"sched_getattr":           SNR_SCHED_GETATTR,
+	"renameat2":               SNR_RENAMEAT2,
+	"seccomp":                 SNR_SECCOMP,
+	"getrandom":               SNR_GETRANDOM,
+	"memfd_create":            SNR_MEMFD_CREATE,
+	"bpf":                     SNR_BPF,
+	"execveat":                SNR_EXECVEAT,
+	"userfaultfd":             SNR_USERFAULTFD,
+	"membarrier":              SNR_MEMBARRIER,
+	"mlock2":                  SNR_MLOCK2,
+	"copy_file_range":         SNR_COPY_FILE_RANGE,
+	"preadv2":                 SNR_PREADV2,
+	"pwritev2":                SNR_PWRITEV2,
+	"pkey_mprotect":           SNR_PKEY_MPROTECT,
+	"pkey_alloc":              SNR_PKEY_ALLOC,
+	"pkey_free":               SNR_PKEY_FREE,
+	"statx":                   SNR_STATX,
+	"io_pgetevents":           SNR_IO_PGETEVENTS,
+	"rseq":                    SNR_RSEQ,
+	"kexec_file_load":         SNR_KEXEC_FILE_LOAD,
+	"pidfd_send_signal":       SNR_PIDFD_SEND_SIGNAL,
+	"io_uring_setup":          SNR_IO_URING_SETUP,
+	"io_uring_enter":          SNR_IO_URING_ENTER,
+	"io_uring_register":       SNR_IO_URING_REGISTER,
+	"open_tree":               SNR_OPEN_TREE,
+	"move_mount":              SNR_MOVE_MOUNT,
+	"fsopen":                  SNR_FSOPEN,
+	"fsconfig":                SNR_FSCONFIG,
+	"fsmount":                 SNR_FSMOUNT,
+	"fspick":                  SNR_FSPICK,
+	"pidfd_open":              SNR_PIDFD_OPEN,
+	"clone3":                  SNR_CLONE3,
+	"close_range":             SNR_CLOSE_RANGE,
+	"openat2":                 SNR_OPENAT2,
+	"pidfd_getfd":             SNR_PIDFD_GETFD,
+	"faccessat2":              SNR_FACCESSAT2,
+	"process_madvise":         SNR_PROCESS_MADVISE,
+	"epoll_pwait2":            SNR_EPOLL_PWAIT2,
+	"mount_setattr":           SNR_MOUNT_SETATTR,
+	"quotactl_fd":             SNR_QUOTACTL_FD,
+	"landlock_create_ruleset": SNR_LANDLOCK_CREATE_RULESET,
+	"landlock_add_rule":       SNR_LANDLOCK_ADD_RULE,
+	"landlock_restrict_self":  SNR_LANDLOCK_RESTRICT_SELF,
+	"memfd_secret":            SNR_MEMFD_SECRET,
+	"process_mrelease":        SNR_PROCESS_MRELEASE,
+	"futex_waitv":             SNR_FUTEX_WAITV,
+	"set_mempolicy_home_node": SNR_SET_MEMPOLICY_HOME_NODE,
+	"cachestat":               SNR_CACHESTAT,
+	"fchmodat2":               SNR_FCHMODAT2,
+	"map_shadow_stack":        SNR_MAP_SHADOW_STACK,
+	"futex_wake":              SNR_FUTEX_WAKE,
+	"futex_wait":              SNR_FUTEX_WAIT,
+	"futex_requeue":           SNR_FUTEX_REQUEUE,
+	"statmount":               SNR_STATMOUNT,
+	"listmount":               SNR_LISTMOUNT,
+	"lsm_get_self_attr":       SNR_LSM_GET_SELF_ATTR,
+	"lsm_set_self_attr":       SNR_LSM_SET_SELF_ATTR,
+	"lsm_list_modules":        SNR_LSM_LIST_MODULES,
+	"mseal":                   SNR_MSEAL,
+	"setxattrat":              SNR_SETXATTRAT,
+	"getxattrat":              SNR_GETXATTRAT,
+	"listxattrat":             SNR_LISTXATTRAT,
+	"removexattrat":           SNR_REMOVEXATTRAT,
+}
+
+const (
+	SYS_USERFAULTFD             = 282
+	SYS_MEMBARRIER              = 283
+	SYS_MLOCK2                  = 284
+	SYS_COPY_FILE_RANGE         = 285
+	SYS_PREADV2                 = 286
+	SYS_PWRITEV2                = 287
+	SYS_PKEY_MPROTECT           = 288
+	SYS_PKEY_ALLOC              = 289
+	SYS_PKEY_FREE               = 290
+	SYS_STATX                   = 291
+	SYS_IO_PGETEVENTS           = 292
+	SYS_RSEQ                    = 293
+	SYS_KEXEC_FILE_LOAD         = 294
+	SYS_PIDFD_SEND_SIGNAL       = 424
+	SYS_IO_URING_SETUP          = 425
+	SYS_IO_URING_ENTER          = 426
+	SYS_IO_URING_REGISTER       = 427
+	SYS_OPEN_TREE               = 428
+	SYS_MOVE_MOUNT              = 429
+	SYS_FSOPEN                  = 430
+	SYS_FSCONFIG                = 431
+	SYS_FSMOUNT                 = 432
+	SYS_FSPICK                  = 433
+	SYS_PIDFD_OPEN              = 434
+	SYS_CLONE3                  = 435
+	SYS_CLOSE_RANGE             = 436
+	SYS_OPENAT2                 = 437
+	SYS_PIDFD_GETFD             = 438
+	SYS_FACCESSAT2              = 439
+	SYS_PROCESS_MADVISE         = 440
+	SYS_EPOLL_PWAIT2            = 441
+	SYS_MOUNT_SETATTR           = 442
+	SYS_QUOTACTL_FD             = 443
+	SYS_LANDLOCK_CREATE_RULESET = 444
+	SYS_LANDLOCK_ADD_RULE       = 445
+	SYS_LANDLOCK_RESTRICT_SELF  = 446
+	SYS_MEMFD_SECRET            = 447
+	SYS_PROCESS_MRELEASE        = 448
+	SYS_FUTEX_WAITV             = 449
+	SYS_SET_MEMPOLICY_HOME_NODE = 450
+	SYS_CACHESTAT               = 451
+	SYS_FCHMODAT2               = 452
+	SYS_MAP_SHADOW_STACK        = 453
+	SYS_FUTEX_WAKE              = 454
+	SYS_FUTEX_WAIT              = 455
+	SYS_FUTEX_REQUEUE           = 456
+	SYS_STATMOUNT               = 457
+	SYS_LISTMOUNT               = 458
+	SYS_LSM_GET_SELF_ATTR       = 459
+	SYS_LSM_SET_SELF_ATTR       = 460
+	SYS_LSM_LIST_MODULES        = 461
+	SYS_MSEAL                   = 462
+	SYS_SETXATTRAT              = 463
+	SYS_GETXATTRAT              = 464
+	SYS_LISTXATTRAT             = 465
+	SYS_REMOVEXATTRAT           = 466
+	SYS_OPEN_TREE_ATTR          = 467
+	SYS_FILE_GETATTR            = 468
+	SYS_FILE_SETATTR            = 469
+)
+
+const (
+	SNR_IO_SETUP                ScmpSyscall = SYS_IO_SETUP
+	SNR_IO_DESTROY              ScmpSyscall = SYS_IO_DESTROY
+	SNR_IO_SUBMIT               ScmpSyscall = SYS_IO_SUBMIT
+	SNR_IO_CANCEL               ScmpSyscall = SYS_IO_CANCEL
+	SNR_IO_GETEVENTS            ScmpSyscall = SYS_IO_GETEVENTS
+	SNR_SETXATTR                ScmpSyscall = SYS_SETXATTR
+	SNR_LSETXATTR               ScmpSyscall = SYS_LSETXATTR
+	SNR_FSETXATTR               ScmpSyscall = SYS_FSETXATTR
+	SNR_GETXATTR                ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETXATTR
+	SNR_LGETXATTR               ScmpSyscall = SYS_LGETXATTR
+	SNR_FGETXATTR               ScmpSyscall = SYS_FGETXATTR
+	SNR_LISTXATTR               ScmpSyscall = SYS_LISTXATTR
+	SNR_LLISTXATTR              ScmpSyscall = SYS_LLISTXATTR
+	SNR_FLISTXATTR              ScmpSyscall = SYS_FLISTXATTR
+	SNR_REMOVEXATTR             ScmpSyscall = SYS_REMOVEXATTR
+	SNR_LREMOVEXATTR            ScmpSyscall = SYS_LREMOVEXATTR
+	SNR_FREMOVEXATTR            ScmpSyscall = SYS_FREMOVEXATTR
+	SNR_GETCWD                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETCWD
+	SNR_LOOKUP_DCOOKIE          ScmpSyscall = SYS_LOOKUP_DCOOKIE
+	SNR_EVENTFD2                ScmpSyscall = SYS_EVENTFD2
+	SNR_EPOLL_CREATE1           ScmpSyscall = SYS_EPOLL_CREATE1
+	SNR_EPOLL_CTL               ScmpSyscall = SYS_EPOLL_CTL
+	SNR_EPOLL_PWAIT             ScmpSyscall = SYS_EPOLL_PWAIT
+	SNR_DUP                     ScmpSyscall = SYS_DUP
+	SNR_DUP3                    ScmpSyscall = SYS_DUP3
+	SNR_FCNTL                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_FCNTL
+	SNR_INOTIFY_INIT1           ScmpSyscall = SYS_INOTIFY_INIT1
+	SNR_INOTIFY_ADD_WATCH       ScmpSyscall = SYS_INOTIFY_ADD_WATCH
+	SNR_INOTIFY_RM_WATCH        ScmpSyscall = SYS_INOTIFY_RM_WATCH
+	SNR_IOCTL                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_IOCTL
+	SNR_IOPRIO_SET              ScmpSyscall = SYS_IOPRIO_SET
+	SNR_IOPRIO_GET              ScmpSyscall = SYS_IOPRIO_GET
+	SNR_FLOCK                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_FLOCK
+	SNR_MKNODAT                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_MKNODAT
+	SNR_MKDIRAT                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_MKDIRAT
+	SNR_UNLINKAT                ScmpSyscall = SYS_UNLINKAT
+	SNR_SYMLINKAT               ScmpSyscall = SYS_SYMLINKAT
+	SNR_LINKAT                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_LINKAT
+	SNR_UMOUNT2                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_UMOUNT2
+	SNR_MOUNT                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_MOUNT
+	SNR_PIVOT_ROOT              ScmpSyscall = SYS_PIVOT_ROOT
+	SNR_NFSSERVCTL              ScmpSyscall = SYS_NFSSERVCTL
+	SNR_STATFS                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_STATFS
+	SNR_FSTATFS                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_FSTATFS
+	SNR_TRUNCATE                ScmpSyscall = SYS_TRUNCATE
+	SNR_FTRUNCATE               ScmpSyscall = SYS_FTRUNCATE
+	SNR_FALLOCATE               ScmpSyscall = SYS_FALLOCATE
+	SNR_FACCESSAT               ScmpSyscall = SYS_FACCESSAT
+	SNR_CHDIR                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_CHDIR
+	SNR_FCHDIR                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_FCHDIR
+	SNR_CHROOT                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_CHROOT
+	SNR_FCHMOD                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_FCHMOD
+	SNR_FCHMODAT                ScmpSyscall = SYS_FCHMODAT
+	SNR_FCHOWNAT                ScmpSyscall = SYS_FCHOWNAT
+	SNR_FCHOWN                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_FCHOWN
+	SNR_OPENAT                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_OPENAT
+	SNR_CLOSE                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_CLOSE
+	SNR_VHANGUP                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_VHANGUP
+	SNR_PIPE2                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_PIPE2
+	SNR_QUOTACTL                ScmpSyscall = SYS_QUOTACTL
+	SNR_GETDENTS64              ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETDENTS64
+	SNR_LSEEK                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_LSEEK
+	SNR_READ                    ScmpSyscall = SYS_READ
+	SNR_WRITE                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_WRITE
+	SNR_READV                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_READV
+	SNR_WRITEV                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_WRITEV
+	SNR_PREAD64                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_PREAD64
+	SNR_PWRITE64                ScmpSyscall = SYS_PWRITE64
+	SNR_PREADV                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_PREADV
+	SNR_PWRITEV                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_PWRITEV
+	SNR_SENDFILE                ScmpSyscall = SYS_SENDFILE
+	SNR_PSELECT6                ScmpSyscall = SYS_PSELECT6
+	SNR_PPOLL                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_PPOLL
+	SNR_SIGNALFD4               ScmpSyscall = SYS_SIGNALFD4
+	SNR_VMSPLICE                ScmpSyscall = SYS_VMSPLICE
+	SNR_SPLICE                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_SPLICE
+	SNR_TEE                     ScmpSyscall = SYS_TEE
+	SNR_READLINKAT              ScmpSyscall = SYS_READLINKAT
+	SNR_NEWFSTATAT              ScmpSyscall = SYS_NEWFSTATAT
+	SNR_FSTAT                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_FSTAT
+	SNR_SYNC                    ScmpSyscall = SYS_SYNC
+	SNR_FSYNC                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_FSYNC
+	SNR_FDATASYNC               ScmpSyscall = SYS_FDATASYNC
+	SNR_SYNC_FILE_RANGE         ScmpSyscall = SYS_SYNC_FILE_RANGE
+	SNR_TIMERFD_CREATE          ScmpSyscall = SYS_TIMERFD_CREATE
+	SNR_TIMERFD_SETTIME         ScmpSyscall = SYS_TIMERFD_SETTIME
+	SNR_TIMERFD_GETTIME         ScmpSyscall = SYS_TIMERFD_GETTIME
+	SNR_UTIMENSAT               ScmpSyscall = SYS_UTIMENSAT
+	SNR_ACCT                    ScmpSyscall = SYS_ACCT
+	SNR_CAPGET                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_CAPGET
+	SNR_CAPSET                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_CAPSET
+	SNR_PERSONALITY             ScmpSyscall = SYS_PERSONALITY
+	SNR_EXIT                    ScmpSyscall = SYS_EXIT
+	SNR_EXIT_GROUP              ScmpSyscall = SYS_EXIT_GROUP
+	SNR_WAITID                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_WAITID
+	SNR_SET_TID_ADDRESS         ScmpSyscall = SYS_SET_TID_ADDRESS
+	SNR_UNSHARE                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_UNSHARE
+	SNR_FUTEX                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_FUTEX
+	SNR_SET_ROBUST_LIST         ScmpSyscall = SYS_SET_ROBUST_LIST
+	SNR_GET_ROBUST_LIST         ScmpSyscall = SYS_GET_ROBUST_LIST
+	SNR_NANOSLEEP               ScmpSyscall = SYS_NANOSLEEP
+	SNR_GETITIMER               ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETITIMER
+	SNR_SETITIMER               ScmpSyscall = SYS_SETITIMER
+	SNR_KEXEC_LOAD              ScmpSyscall = SYS_KEXEC_LOAD
+	SNR_INIT_MODULE             ScmpSyscall = SYS_INIT_MODULE
+	SNR_DELETE_MODULE           ScmpSyscall = SYS_DELETE_MODULE
+	SNR_TIMER_CREATE            ScmpSyscall = SYS_TIMER_CREATE
+	SNR_TIMER_GETTIME           ScmpSyscall = SYS_TIMER_GETTIME
+	SNR_TIMER_GETOVERRUN        ScmpSyscall = SYS_TIMER_GETOVERRUN
+	SNR_TIMER_SETTIME           ScmpSyscall = SYS_TIMER_SETTIME
+	SNR_TIMER_DELETE            ScmpSyscall = SYS_TIMER_DELETE
+	SNR_CLOCK_SETTIME           ScmpSyscall = SYS_CLOCK_SETTIME
+	SNR_CLOCK_GETTIME           ScmpSyscall = SYS_CLOCK_GETTIME
+	SNR_CLOCK_GETRES            ScmpSyscall = SYS_CLOCK_GETRES
+	SNR_CLOCK_NANOSLEEP         ScmpSyscall = SYS_CLOCK_NANOSLEEP
+	SNR_SYSLOG                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_SYSLOG
+	SNR_PTRACE                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_PTRACE
+	SNR_SCHED_SETPARAM          ScmpSyscall = SYS_SCHED_SETPARAM
+	SNR_SCHED_SETSCHEDULER      ScmpSyscall = SYS_SCHED_SETSCHEDULER
+	SNR_SCHED_GETSCHEDULER      ScmpSyscall = SYS_SCHED_GETSCHEDULER
+	SNR_SCHED_GETPARAM          ScmpSyscall = SYS_SCHED_GETPARAM
+	SNR_SCHED_SETAFFINITY       ScmpSyscall = SYS_SCHED_SETAFFINITY
+	SNR_SCHED_GETAFFINITY       ScmpSyscall = SYS_SCHED_GETAFFINITY
+	SNR_SCHED_YIELD             ScmpSyscall = SYS_SCHED_YIELD
+	SNR_SCHED_GET_PRIORITY_MAX  ScmpSyscall = SYS_SCHED_GET_PRIORITY_MAX
+	SNR_SCHED_GET_PRIORITY_MIN  ScmpSyscall = SYS_SCHED_GET_PRIORITY_MIN
+	SNR_SCHED_RR_GET_INTERVAL   ScmpSyscall = SYS_SCHED_RR_GET_INTERVAL
+	SNR_RESTART_SYSCALL         ScmpSyscall = SYS_RESTART_SYSCALL
+	SNR_KILL                    ScmpSyscall = SYS_KILL
+	SNR_TKILL                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_TKILL
+	SNR_TGKILL                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_TGKILL
+	SNR_SIGALTSTACK             ScmpSyscall = SYS_SIGALTSTACK
+	SNR_RT_SIGSUSPEND           ScmpSyscall = SYS_RT_SIGSUSPEND
+	SNR_RT_SIGACTION            ScmpSyscall = SYS_RT_SIGACTION
+	SNR_RT_SIGPROCMASK          ScmpSyscall = SYS_RT_SIGPROCMASK
+	SNR_RT_SIGPENDING           ScmpSyscall = SYS_RT_SIGPENDING
+	SNR_RT_SIGTIMEDWAIT         ScmpSyscall = SYS_RT_SIGTIMEDWAIT
+	SNR_RT_SIGQUEUEINFO         ScmpSyscall = SYS_RT_SIGQUEUEINFO
+	SNR_RT_SIGRETURN            ScmpSyscall = SYS_RT_SIGRETURN
+	SNR_SETPRIORITY             ScmpSyscall = SYS_SETPRIORITY
+	SNR_GETPRIORITY             ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETPRIORITY
+	SNR_REBOOT                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_REBOOT
+	SNR_SETREGID                ScmpSyscall = SYS_SETREGID
+	SNR_SETGID                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_SETGID
+	SNR_SETREUID                ScmpSyscall = SYS_SETREUID
+	SNR_SETUID                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_SETUID
+	SNR_SETRESUID               ScmpSyscall = SYS_SETRESUID
+	SNR_GETRESUID               ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETRESUID
+	SNR_SETRESGID               ScmpSyscall = SYS_SETRESGID
+	SNR_GETRESGID               ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETRESGID
+	SNR_SETFSUID                ScmpSyscall = SYS_SETFSUID
+	SNR_SETFSGID                ScmpSyscall = SYS_SETFSGID
+	SNR_TIMES                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_TIMES
+	SNR_SETPGID                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_SETPGID
+	SNR_GETPGID                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETPGID
+	SNR_GETSID                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETSID
+	SNR_SETSID                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_SETSID
+	SNR_GETGROUPS               ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETGROUPS
+	SNR_SETGROUPS               ScmpSyscall = SYS_SETGROUPS
+	SNR_UNAME                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_UNAME
+	SNR_SETHOSTNAME             ScmpSyscall = SYS_SETHOSTNAME
+	SNR_SETDOMAINNAME           ScmpSyscall = SYS_SETDOMAINNAME
+	SNR_GETRLIMIT               ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETRLIMIT
+	SNR_SETRLIMIT               ScmpSyscall = SYS_SETRLIMIT
+	SNR_GETRUSAGE               ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETRUSAGE
+	SNR_UMASK                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_UMASK
+	SNR_PRCTL                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_PRCTL
+	SNR_GETCPU                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETCPU
+	SNR_GETTIMEOFDAY            ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETTIMEOFDAY
+	SNR_SETTIMEOFDAY            ScmpSyscall = SYS_SETTIMEOFDAY
+	SNR_ADJTIMEX                ScmpSyscall = SYS_ADJTIMEX
+	SNR_GETPID                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETPID
+	SNR_GETPPID                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETPPID
+	SNR_GETUID                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETUID
+	SNR_GETEUID                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETEUID
+	SNR_GETGID                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETGID
+	SNR_GETEGID                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETEGID
+	SNR_GETTID                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETTID
+	SNR_SYSINFO                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_SYSINFO
+	SNR_MQ_OPEN                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_MQ_OPEN
+	SNR_MQ_UNLINK               ScmpSyscall = SYS_MQ_UNLINK
+	SNR_MQ_TIMEDSEND            ScmpSyscall = SYS_MQ_TIMEDSEND
+	SNR_MQ_TIMEDRECEIVE         ScmpSyscall = SYS_MQ_TIMEDRECEIVE
+	SNR_MQ_NOTIFY               ScmpSyscall = SYS_MQ_NOTIFY
+	SNR_MQ_GETSETATTR           ScmpSyscall = SYS_MQ_GETSETATTR
+	SNR_MSGGET                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_MSGGET
+	SNR_MSGCTL                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_MSGCTL
+	SNR_MSGRCV                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_MSGRCV
+	SNR_MSGSND                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_MSGSND
+	SNR_SEMGET                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_SEMGET
+	SNR_SEMCTL                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_SEMCTL
+	SNR_SEMTIMEDOP              ScmpSyscall = SYS_SEMTIMEDOP
+	SNR_SEMOP                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_SEMOP
+	SNR_SHMGET                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_SHMGET
+	SNR_SHMCTL                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_SHMCTL
+	SNR_SHMAT                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_SHMAT
+	SNR_SHMDT                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_SHMDT
+	SNR_SOCKET                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_SOCKET
+	SNR_SOCKETPAIR              ScmpSyscall = SYS_SOCKETPAIR
+	SNR_BIND                    ScmpSyscall = SYS_BIND
+	SNR_LISTEN                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_LISTEN
+	SNR_ACCEPT                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_ACCEPT
+	SNR_CONNECT                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_CONNECT
+	SNR_GETSOCKNAME             ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETSOCKNAME
+	SNR_GETPEERNAME             ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETPEERNAME
+	SNR_SENDTO                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_SENDTO
+	SNR_RECVFROM                ScmpSyscall = SYS_RECVFROM
+	SNR_SETSOCKOPT              ScmpSyscall = SYS_SETSOCKOPT
+	SNR_GETSOCKOPT              ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETSOCKOPT
+	SNR_SHUTDOWN                ScmpSyscall = SYS_SHUTDOWN
+	SNR_SENDMSG                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_SENDMSG
+	SNR_RECVMSG                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_RECVMSG
+	SNR_READAHEAD               ScmpSyscall = SYS_READAHEAD
+	SNR_BRK                     ScmpSyscall = SYS_BRK
+	SNR_MUNMAP                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_MUNMAP
+	SNR_MREMAP                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_MREMAP
+	SNR_ADD_KEY                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_ADD_KEY
+	SNR_REQUEST_KEY             ScmpSyscall = SYS_REQUEST_KEY
+	SNR_KEYCTL                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_KEYCTL
+	SNR_CLONE                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_CLONE
+	SNR_EXECVE                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_EXECVE
+	SNR_MMAP                    ScmpSyscall = SYS_MMAP
+	SNR_FADVISE64               ScmpSyscall = SYS_FADVISE64
+	SNR_SWAPON                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_SWAPON
+	SNR_SWAPOFF                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_SWAPOFF
+	SNR_MPROTECT                ScmpSyscall = SYS_MPROTECT
+	SNR_MSYNC                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_MSYNC
+	SNR_MLOCK                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_MLOCK
+	SNR_MUNLOCK                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_MUNLOCK
+	SNR_MLOCKALL                ScmpSyscall = SYS_MLOCKALL
+	SNR_MUNLOCKALL              ScmpSyscall = SYS_MUNLOCKALL
+	SNR_MINCORE                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_MINCORE
+	SNR_MADVISE                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_MADVISE
+	SNR_REMAP_FILE_PAGES        ScmpSyscall = SYS_REMAP_FILE_PAGES
+	SNR_MBIND                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_MBIND
+	SNR_GET_MEMPOLICY           ScmpSyscall = SYS_GET_MEMPOLICY
+	SNR_SET_MEMPOLICY           ScmpSyscall = SYS_SET_MEMPOLICY
+	SNR_MIGRATE_PAGES           ScmpSyscall = SYS_MIGRATE_PAGES
+	SNR_MOVE_PAGES              ScmpSyscall = SYS_MOVE_PAGES
+	SNR_RT_TGSIGQUEUEINFO       ScmpSyscall = SYS_RT_TGSIGQUEUEINFO
+	SNR_PERF_EVENT_OPEN         ScmpSyscall = SYS_PERF_EVENT_OPEN
+	SNR_ACCEPT4                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_ACCEPT4
+	SNR_RECVMMSG                ScmpSyscall = SYS_RECVMMSG
+	SNR_WAIT4                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_WAIT4
+	SNR_PRLIMIT64               ScmpSyscall = SYS_PRLIMIT64
+	SNR_FANOTIFY_INIT           ScmpSyscall = SYS_FANOTIFY_INIT
+	SNR_FANOTIFY_MARK           ScmpSyscall = SYS_FANOTIFY_MARK
+	SNR_NAME_TO_HANDLE_AT       ScmpSyscall = SYS_NAME_TO_HANDLE_AT
+	SNR_OPEN_BY_HANDLE_AT       ScmpSyscall = SYS_OPEN_BY_HANDLE_AT
+	SNR_CLOCK_ADJTIME           ScmpSyscall = SYS_CLOCK_ADJTIME
+	SNR_SYNCFS                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_SYNCFS
+	SNR_SETNS                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_SETNS
+	SNR_SENDMMSG                ScmpSyscall = SYS_SENDMMSG
+	SNR_PROCESS_VM_READV        ScmpSyscall = SYS_PROCESS_VM_READV
+	SNR_PROCESS_VM_WRITEV       ScmpSyscall = SYS_PROCESS_VM_WRITEV
+	SNR_KCMP                    ScmpSyscall = SYS_KCMP
+	SNR_FINIT_MODULE            ScmpSyscall = SYS_FINIT_MODULE
+	SNR_SCHED_SETATTR           ScmpSyscall = SYS_SCHED_SETATTR
+	SNR_SCHED_GETATTR           ScmpSyscall = SYS_SCHED_GETATTR
+	SNR_RENAMEAT2               ScmpSyscall = SYS_RENAMEAT2
+	SNR_SECCOMP                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_SECCOMP
+	SNR_GETRANDOM               ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETRANDOM
+	SNR_MEMFD_CREATE            ScmpSyscall = SYS_MEMFD_CREATE
+	SNR_BPF                     ScmpSyscall = SYS_BPF
+	SNR_EXECVEAT                ScmpSyscall = SYS_EXECVEAT
+	SNR_USERFAULTFD             ScmpSyscall = SYS_USERFAULTFD
+	SNR_MEMBARRIER              ScmpSyscall = SYS_MEMBARRIER
+	SNR_MLOCK2                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_MLOCK2
+	SNR_COPY_FILE_RANGE         ScmpSyscall = SYS_COPY_FILE_RANGE
+	SNR_PREADV2                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_PREADV2
+	SNR_PWRITEV2                ScmpSyscall = SYS_PWRITEV2
+	SNR_PKEY_MPROTECT           ScmpSyscall = SYS_PKEY_MPROTECT
+	SNR_PKEY_ALLOC              ScmpSyscall = SYS_PKEY_ALLOC
+	SNR_PKEY_FREE               ScmpSyscall = SYS_PKEY_FREE
+	SNR_STATX                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_STATX
+	SNR_IO_PGETEVENTS           ScmpSyscall = SYS_IO_PGETEVENTS
+	SNR_RSEQ                    ScmpSyscall = SYS_RSEQ
+	SNR_KEXEC_FILE_LOAD         ScmpSyscall = SYS_KEXEC_FILE_LOAD
+	SNR_PIDFD_SEND_SIGNAL       ScmpSyscall = SYS_PIDFD_SEND_SIGNAL
+	SNR_IO_URING_SETUP          ScmpSyscall = SYS_IO_URING_SETUP
+	SNR_IO_URING_ENTER          ScmpSyscall = SYS_IO_URING_ENTER
+	SNR_IO_URING_REGISTER       ScmpSyscall = SYS_IO_URING_REGISTER
+	SNR_OPEN_TREE               ScmpSyscall = SYS_OPEN_TREE
+	SNR_MOVE_MOUNT              ScmpSyscall = SYS_MOVE_MOUNT
+	SNR_FSOPEN                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_FSOPEN
+	SNR_FSCONFIG                ScmpSyscall = SYS_FSCONFIG
+	SNR_FSMOUNT                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_FSMOUNT
+	SNR_FSPICK                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_FSPICK
+	SNR_PIDFD_OPEN              ScmpSyscall = SYS_PIDFD_OPEN
+	SNR_CLONE3                  ScmpSyscall = SYS_CLONE3
+	SNR_CLOSE_RANGE             ScmpSyscall = SYS_CLOSE_RANGE
+	SNR_OPENAT2                 ScmpSyscall = SYS_OPENAT2
+	SNR_PIDFD_GETFD             ScmpSyscall = SYS_PIDFD_GETFD
+	SNR_FACCESSAT2              ScmpSyscall = SYS_FACCESSAT2
+	SNR_PROCESS_MADVISE         ScmpSyscall = SYS_PROCESS_MADVISE
+	SNR_EPOLL_PWAIT2            ScmpSyscall = SYS_EPOLL_PWAIT2
+	SNR_MOUNT_SETATTR           ScmpSyscall = SYS_MOUNT_SETATTR
+	SNR_QUOTACTL_FD             ScmpSyscall = SYS_QUOTACTL_FD
+	SNR_LANDLOCK_CREATE_RULESET ScmpSyscall = SYS_LANDLOCK_CREATE_RULESET
+	SNR_LANDLOCK_ADD_RULE       ScmpSyscall = SYS_LANDLOCK_ADD_RULE
+	SNR_LANDLOCK_RESTRICT_SELF  ScmpSyscall = SYS_LANDLOCK_RESTRICT_SELF
+	SNR_MEMFD_SECRET            ScmpSyscall = SYS_MEMFD_SECRET
+	SNR_PROCESS_MRELEASE        ScmpSyscall = SYS_PROCESS_MRELEASE
+	SNR_FUTEX_WAITV             ScmpSyscall = SYS_FUTEX_WAITV
+	SNR_SET_MEMPOLICY_HOME_NODE ScmpSyscall = SYS_SET_MEMPOLICY_HOME_NODE
+	SNR_CACHESTAT               ScmpSyscall = SYS_CACHESTAT
+	SNR_FCHMODAT2               ScmpSyscall = SYS_FCHMODAT2
+	SNR_MAP_SHADOW_STACK        ScmpSyscall = SYS_MAP_SHADOW_STACK
+	SNR_FUTEX_WAKE              ScmpSyscall = SYS_FUTEX_WAKE
+	SNR_FUTEX_WAIT              ScmpSyscall = SYS_FUTEX_WAIT
+	SNR_FUTEX_REQUEUE           ScmpSyscall = SYS_FUTEX_REQUEUE
+	SNR_STATMOUNT               ScmpSyscall = SYS_STATMOUNT
+	SNR_LISTMOUNT               ScmpSyscall = SYS_LISTMOUNT
+	SNR_LSM_GET_SELF_ATTR       ScmpSyscall = SYS_LSM_GET_SELF_ATTR
+	SNR_LSM_SET_SELF_ATTR       ScmpSyscall = SYS_LSM_SET_SELF_ATTR
+	SNR_LSM_LIST_MODULES        ScmpSyscall = SYS_LSM_LIST_MODULES
+	SNR_MSEAL                   ScmpSyscall = SYS_MSEAL
+	SNR_SETXATTRAT              ScmpSyscall = SYS_SETXATTRAT
+	SNR_GETXATTRAT              ScmpSyscall = SYS_GETXATTRAT
+	SNR_LISTXATTRAT             ScmpSyscall = SYS_LISTXATTRAT
+	SNR_REMOVEXATTRAT           ScmpSyscall = SYS_REMOVEXATTRAT
+	SNR_OPEN_TREE_ATTR          ScmpSyscall = SYS_OPEN_TREE_ATTR
+	SNR_FILE_GETATTR            ScmpSyscall = SYS_FILE_GETATTR
+	SNR_FILE_SETATTR            ScmpSyscall = SYS_FILE_SETATTR
+)

container/std/types.go

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+package std
+
+type (
+	// Uint is equivalent to C.uint.
+	Uint uint32
+	// Int is equivalent to C.int.
+	Int int32
+)

container/syscall.go

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ package container
 import (
 	. "syscall"
 	"unsafe"
+
+	"hakurei.app/container/std"
 )
 
 // Prctl manipulates various aspects of the behavior of the calling thread or process.
@@ -41,6 +43,49 @@ func Isatty(fd int) bool {
 	return r == 0
 }
 
+// include/uapi/linux/sched.h
+const (
+	SCHED_NORMAL = iota
+	SCHED_FIFO
+	SCHED_RR
+	SCHED_BATCH
+	_ // SCHED_ISO: reserved but not implemented yet
+	SCHED_IDLE
+	SCHED_DEADLINE
+	SCHED_EXT
+)
+
+// schedParam is equivalent to struct sched_param from include/linux/sched.h.
+type schedParam struct {
+	// sched_priority
+	priority std.Int
+}
+
+// schedSetscheduler sets both the scheduling policy and parameters for the
+// thread whose ID is specified in tid. If tid equals zero, the scheduling
+// policy and parameters of the calling thread will be set.
+//
+// This function is unexported because it is [very subtle to use correctly]. The
+// function signature in libc is misleading: pid actually refers to a thread ID.
+// The glibc wrapper for this system call ignores this semantic and exposes
+// this counterintuitive behaviour.
+//
+// This function is only called from the container setup thread. Do not reuse
+// this if you do not have something similar in place!
+//
+// [very subtle to use correctly]: https://www.openwall.com/lists/musl/2016/03/01/4
+func schedSetscheduler(tid, policy int, param *schedParam) error {
+	if r, _, errno := Syscall(
+		SYS_SCHED_SETSCHEDULER,
+		uintptr(tid),
+		uintptr(policy),
+		uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(param)),
+	); r < 0 {
+		return errno
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // IgnoringEINTR makes a function call and repeats it if it returns an
 // EINTR error. This appears to be required even though we install all
 // signal handlers with SA_RESTART: see #22838, #38033, #38836, #40846.

container/vfs/mangle.go

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ package vfs
 
 import "strings"
 
+// Unmangle reverses mangling of strings done by the kernel. Its behaviour is
+// consistent with the equivalent function in util-linux.
 func Unmangle(s string) string {
 	if !strings.ContainsRune(s, '\\') {
 		return s

container/vfs/mountinfo.go

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ var (
 	ErrMountInfoSep    = errors.New("bad optional fields separator")
 )
 
+// A DecoderError describes a nonrecoverable error decoding a mountinfo stream.
 type DecoderError struct {
 	Op   string
 	Line int
@@ -51,7 +52,8 @@ func (e *DecoderError) Error() string {
 }
 
 type (
-	// A MountInfoDecoder reads and decodes proc_pid_mountinfo(5) entries from an input stream.
+	// A MountInfoDecoder reads and decodes proc_pid_mountinfo(5) entries from
+	// an input stream.
 	MountInfoDecoder struct {
 		s *bufio.Scanner
 		m *MountInfo
@@ -72,13 +74,16 @@ type (
 	MountInfoEntry struct {
 		// mount ID: a unique ID for the mount (may be reused after umount(2)).
 		ID int `json:"id"`
-		// parent ID: the ID of the parent mount (or of self for the root of this mount namespace's mount tree).
+		// parent ID: the ID of the parent mount (or of self for the root of
+		// this mount namespace's mount tree).
 		Parent int `json:"parent"`
 		// major:minor: the value of st_dev for files on this filesystem (see stat(2)).
 		Devno DevT `json:"devno"`
-		// root: the pathname of the directory in the filesystem which forms the root of this mount.
+		// root: the pathname of the directory in the filesystem which forms the
+		// root of this mount.
 		Root string `json:"root"`
-		// mount point: the pathname of the mount point relative to the process's root directory.
+		// mount point: the pathname of the mount point relative to the
+		// process's root directory.
 		Target string `json:"target"`
 		// mount options: per-mount options (see mount(2)).
 		VfsOptstr string `json:"vfs_optstr"`
@@ -126,7 +131,8 @@ func (e *MountInfoEntry) Flags() (flags uintptr, unmatched []string) {
 
 // NewMountInfoDecoder returns a new decoder that reads from r.
 //
-// The decoder introduces its own buffering and may read data from r beyond the mountinfo entries requested.
+// The decoder introduces its own buffering and may read data from r beyond the
+// mountinfo entries requested.
 func NewMountInfoDecoder(r io.Reader) *MountInfoDecoder {
 	return &MountInfoDecoder{s: bufio.NewScanner(r)}
 }
@@ -271,6 +277,8 @@ func parseMountInfoLine(s string, ent *MountInfoEntry) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// EqualWithIgnore compares to [MountInfoEntry] values, ignoring fields that
+// compare equal to ignore.
 func (e *MountInfoEntry) EqualWithIgnore(want *MountInfoEntry, ignore string) bool {
 	return (e.ID == want.ID || want.ID == -1) &&
 		(e.Parent == want.Parent || want.Parent == -1) &&
@@ -284,6 +292,8 @@ func (e *MountInfoEntry) EqualWithIgnore(want *MountInfoEntry, ignore string) bo
 		(e.FsOptstr == want.FsOptstr || want.FsOptstr == ignore)
 }
 
+// String returns a user-facing representation of a [MountInfoEntry]. It fits
+// roughly into the mountinfo format, but without mangling.
 func (e *MountInfoEntry) String() string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf("%d %d %d:%d %s %s %s %s %s %s %s",
 		e.ID, e.Parent, e.Devno[0], e.Devno[1], e.Root, e.Target, e.VfsOptstr,

container/vfs/unfold.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 )
 
+// UnfoldTargetError is a pathname that never appeared in a mount hierarchy.
 type UnfoldTargetError string
 
 func (e UnfoldTargetError) Error() string {
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@ func (n *MountInfoNode) Collective() iter.Seq[*MountInfoNode] {
 	return func(yield func(*MountInfoNode) bool) { n.visit(yield) }
 }
 
+// visit recursively visits all visible mountinfo nodes.
 func (n *MountInfoNode) visit(yield func(*MountInfoNode) bool) bool {
 	if !n.Covered && !yield(n) {
 		return false

dist/release.sh

@@ -1,20 +1,31 @@
 #!/bin/sh -e
 cd "$(dirname -- "$0")/.."
 VERSION="${HAKUREI_VERSION:-untagged}"
-pname="hakurei-${VERSION}"
+pname="hakurei-${VERSION}-$(go env GOARCH)"
-out="dist/${pname}"
+out="${DESTDIR:-dist}/${pname}"
 
+echo '# Preparing distribution files.'
 mkdir -p "${out}"
 cp -v "README.md" "dist/hsurc.default" "dist/install.sh" "${out}"
 cp -rv "dist/comp" "${out}"
+echo
 
+echo '# Building hakurei.'
 go generate ./...
-go build -trimpath -v -o "${out}/bin/" -ldflags "-s -w -buildid= -extldflags '-static'
+go build -trimpath -v -o "${out}/bin/" -ldflags "-s -w
+  -buildid= -linkmode external -extldflags=-static
   -X hakurei.app/internal/info.buildVersion=${VERSION}
   -X hakurei.app/internal/info.hakureiPath=/usr/bin/hakurei
   -X hakurei.app/internal/info.hsuPath=/usr/bin/hsu
   -X main.hakureiPath=/usr/bin/hakurei" ./...
+echo
 
-rm -f "./${out}.tar.gz" && tar -C dist -czf "${out}.tar.gz" "${pname}"
+echo '# Testing hakurei.'
-rm -rf "./${out}"
+go test -ldflags='-buildid= -linkmode external -extldflags=-static' ./...
-(cd dist && sha512sum "${pname}.tar.gz" > "${pname}.tar.gz.sha512")
+echo
+
+echo '# Creating distribution.'
+rm -f "${out}.tar.gz" && tar -C "${out}/.." -vczf "${out}.tar.gz" "${pname}"
+rm -rf "${out}"
+(cd "${out}/.." && sha512sum "${pname}.tar.gz" > "${pname}.tar.gz.sha512")
+echo

flake.nix

@@ -29,20 +29,6 @@
     {
       nixosModules.hakurei = import ./nixos.nix self.packages;
 
-      buildPackage = forAllSystems (
-        system:
-        nixpkgsFor.${system}.callPackage (
-          import ./cmd/hpkg/build.nix {
-            inherit
-              nixpkgsFor
-              system
-              nixpkgs
-              home-manager
-              ;
-          }
-        )
-      );
-
       checks = forAllSystems (
         system:
         let
@@ -71,8 +57,6 @@
 
           sharefs = callPackage ./cmd/sharefs/test { inherit system self; };
 
-          hpkg = callPackage ./cmd/hpkg/test { inherit system self; };
-
           formatting = runCommandLocal "check-formatting" { nativeBuildInputs = [ nixfmt-rfc-style ]; } ''
             cd ${./.}
 
@@ -127,11 +111,6 @@
               glibc
               xdg-dbus-proxy
 
-              # hpkg
-              zstd
-              gnutar
-              coreutils
-
               # for check
               util-linux
               nettools
@@ -143,18 +122,26 @@
             "bin/mount.fuse.sharefs" = "${hakurei}/libexec/sharefs";
           };
 
-          dist = pkgs.runCommand "${hakurei.name}-dist" { buildInputs = hakurei.targetPkgs ++ [ pkgs.pkgsStatic.musl ]; } ''
+          dist =
-            # go requires XDG_CACHE_HOME for the build cache
+            pkgs.runCommand "${hakurei.name}-dist"
-            export XDG_CACHE_HOME="$(mktemp -d)"
+              {
-
+                buildInputs = hakurei.targetPkgs ++ [
-            # get a different workdir as go does not like /build
+                  pkgs.pkgsStatic.musl
+                ];
+              }
+              ''
                 cd $(mktemp -d) \
                     && cp -r ${hakurei.src}/. . \
                     && chmod +w cmd && cp -r ${hsu.src}/. cmd/hsu/ \
                     && chmod -R +w .
 
-            export HAKUREI_VERSION="v${hakurei.version}"
+                CC="musl-clang -O3 -Werror -Qunused-arguments" \
-            CC="clang -O3 -Werror" ./dist/release.sh && mkdir $out && cp -v "dist/hakurei-$HAKUREI_VERSION.tar.gz"* $out
+                GOCACHE="$(mktemp -d)" \
+                HAKUREI_TEST_SKIP_ACL=1 \
+                PATH="${pkgs.pkgsStatic.musl.bin}/bin:$PATH" \
+                DESTDIR="$out" \
+                HAKUREI_VERSION="v${hakurei.version}" \
+                  ./dist/release.sh
               '';
         }
       );
@@ -211,7 +198,7 @@
                   ./test/interactive/trace.nix
 
                   self.nixosModules.hakurei
-                  self.inputs.home-manager.nixosModules.home-manager
+                  home-manager.nixosModules.home-manager
                 ];
               };
             in

internal/acl/acl_test.go

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ var (
 )
 
 func TestUpdate(t *testing.T) {
-	if os.Getenv("GO_TEST_SKIP_ACL") == "1" {
+	if os.Getenv("HAKUREI_TEST_SKIP_ACL") == "1" {
 		t.Skip("acl test skipped")
 	}
 

internal/azalea/azalea.go

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+//go:generate gocc -a azalea.bnf
+package azalea
+
+import (
+	"io"
+	"io/fs"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+
+	"hakurei.app/container/check"
+)
+
+type Parser struct {
+	Generator
+}
+
+func NewParser(gen Generator) *Parser {
+	return &Parser{
+		Generator: gen,
+	}
+}
+func (p Parser) Initialise() {
+
+}
+
+func (p Parser) Consume(ns string, file io.Reader) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+// ConsumeDir walks a directory and consumes all Azalea source files within it and all its subdirectories, as long as they end with the .az extension.
+func (p Parser) ConsumeDir(dir *check.Absolute) error {
+	ds := dir.String()
+	return filepath.WalkDir(ds, func(path string, d fs.DirEntry, err error) (e error) {
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if d.IsDir() || !strings.HasSuffix(d.Name(), ".az") {
+			return
+		}
+		rel, e := filepath.Rel(ds, path)
+		ns := strings.TrimSuffix(rel, ".az")
+		f, e := os.Open(path)
+		return p.Consume(ns, f)
+	})
+}
+
+// ConsumeAll consumes all provided readers as Azalea source code, each given the namespace `r%d` where `%d` is the index of the reader in the provided arguments.
+func (p Parser) ConsumeAll(in ...io.Reader) error {
+	for i, r := range in {
+		err := p.Consume("r"+strconv.FormatInt(int64(i), 10), r)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// ConsumeStrings consumes all provided strings as Azalea source code, each given the namespace `s%d` where `%d` is the index of the string in the provided arugments.
+func (p Parser) ConsumeStrings(in ...string) error {
+	for i, s := range in {
+		err := p.Consume("s"+strconv.FormatInt(int64(i), 10), strings.NewReader(s))
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}

internal/azalea/generator.go

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package azalea
+
+import (
+	"io"
+)
+
+type Generator interface {
+	Finalise() (error, io.Writer)
+}
+
+type JsonGenerator struct {
+	t any
+}
+
+func NewJsonGenerator[T any]() JsonGenerator {
+	t := new(T)
+
+	return JsonGenerator{
+		t,
+	}
+}
+
+func (j *JsonGenerator) Finalise() (error, io.Writer) {
+
+}
+
+type PkgIRGenerator struct {
+}
+
+func NewPkgIRGenerator() PkgIRGenerator {
+	return PkgIRGenerator{}
+}
+
+func (p *PkgIRGenerator) Finalise() (error, io.Writer) {
+
+}

internal/lockedfile/internal/filelock/filelock.go

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 package filelock
 
 import (
-	"errors"
 	"io/fs"
 )
 
@@ -74,10 +73,3 @@ func (lt lockType) String() string {
 		return "Unlock"
 	}
 }
-
-// IsNotSupported returns a boolean indicating whether the error is known to
-// report that a function is not supported (possibly for a specific input).
-// It is satisfied by errors.ErrUnsupported as well as some syscall errors.
-func IsNotSupported(err error) bool {
-	return errors.Is(err, errors.ErrUnsupported)
-}

internal/lockedfile/internal/filelock/filelock_test.go

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
-	"hakurei.app/container"
+	"hakurei.app/container/fhs"
 	"hakurei.app/internal/lockedfile/internal/filelock"
 	"hakurei.app/internal/lockedfile/internal/testexec"
 )
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ func TestLockNotDroppedByExecCommand(t *testing.T) {
 	// Some kinds of file locks are dropped when a duplicated or forked file
 	// descriptor is unlocked. Double-check that the approach used by os/exec does
 	// not accidentally drop locks.
-	cmd := testexec.CommandContext(t, t.Context(), container.MustExecutable(nil), "-test.run=^$")
+	cmd := testexec.CommandContext(t, t.Context(), fhs.ProcSelfExe, "-test.run=^$")
 	if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("exec failed: %v", err)
 	}

internal/lockedfile/lockedfile.go

@@ -94,6 +94,11 @@ func (f *File) Close() error {
 
 	err := closeFile(f.osFile.File)
 	f.cleanup.Stop()
+	// f may be dead at the moment after we access f.cleanup,
+	// so the cleanup can fire before Stop completes. Keep f
+	// alive while we call Stop. See the documentation for
+	// runtime.Cleanup.Stop.
+	runtime.KeepAlive(f)
 	return err
 }
 

internal/lockedfile/lockedfile_test.go

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
-	"hakurei.app/container"
+	"hakurei.app/container/fhs"
 	"hakurei.app/internal/lockedfile"
 	"hakurei.app/internal/lockedfile/internal/testexec"
 )
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ func TestSpuriousEDEADLK(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	cmd := testexec.CommandContext(t, t.Context(), container.MustExecutable(nil), "-test.run=^"+t.Name()+"$")
+	cmd := testexec.CommandContext(t, t.Context(), fhs.ProcSelfExe, "-test.run=^"+t.Name()+"$")
 	cmd.Env = append(os.Environ(), fmt.Sprintf("%s=%s", dirVar, dir))
 
 	qDone := make(chan struct{})

internal/pkg/dir.go

@@ -28,14 +28,6 @@ type FlatEntry struct {
 |         data []byte          |
 */
 
-// wordSize is the boundary which binary segments are always aligned to.
-const wordSize = 8
-
-// alignSize returns the padded size for aligning sz.
-func alignSize(sz int) int {
-	return sz + (wordSize-(sz)%wordSize)%wordSize
-}
-
 // Encode encodes the entry for transmission or hashing.
 func (ent *FlatEntry) Encode(w io.Writer) (n int, err error) {
 	pPathSize := alignSize(len(ent.Path))

internal/pkg/dir_test.go

@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ func TestFlatten(t *testing.T) {
 			"checksum/fLYGIMHgN1louE-JzITJZJo2SDniPu-IHBXubtvQWFO-hXnDVKNuscV7-zlyr5fU": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte("\x7f\xe1\x69\xa2\xdd\x63\x96\x26\x83\x79\x61\x8b\xf0\x3f\xd5\x16\x9a\x39\x3a\xdb\xcf\xb1\xbc\x8d\x33\xff\x75\xee\x62\x56\xa9\xf0\x27\xac\x13\x94\x69")},
 
 			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"identifier/NqVORkT6L9HX6Za7kT2zcibY10qFqBaxEjPiYFrBQX-ZFr3yxCzJxbKOP0zVjeWb": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/fLYGIMHgN1louE-JzITJZJo2SDniPu-IHBXubtvQWFO-hXnDVKNuscV7-zlyr5fU")},
+			"identifier/oM-2pUlk-mOxK1t3aMWZer69UdOQlAXiAgMrpZ1476VoOqpYVP1aGFS9_HYy-D8_": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/fLYGIMHgN1louE-JzITJZJo2SDniPu-IHBXubtvQWFO-hXnDVKNuscV7-zlyr5fU")},
 
 			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
 		}, []pkg.FlatEntry{
@@ -86,10 +86,10 @@ func TestFlatten(t *testing.T) {
 			{Mode: 0400, Path: "checksum/fLYGIMHgN1louE-JzITJZJo2SDniPu-IHBXubtvQWFO-hXnDVKNuscV7-zlyr5fU", Data: []byte("\x7f\xe1\x69\xa2\xdd\x63\x96\x26\x83\x79\x61\x8b\xf0\x3f\xd5\x16\x9a\x39\x3a\xdb\xcf\xb1\xbc\x8d\x33\xff\x75\xee\x62\x56\xa9\xf0\x27\xac\x13\x94\x69")},
 
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "identifier"},
-			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/NqVORkT6L9HX6Za7kT2zcibY10qFqBaxEjPiYFrBQX-ZFr3yxCzJxbKOP0zVjeWb", Data: []byte("../checksum/fLYGIMHgN1louE-JzITJZJo2SDniPu-IHBXubtvQWFO-hXnDVKNuscV7-zlyr5fU")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/oM-2pUlk-mOxK1t3aMWZer69UdOQlAXiAgMrpZ1476VoOqpYVP1aGFS9_HYy-D8_", Data: []byte("../checksum/fLYGIMHgN1louE-JzITJZJo2SDniPu-IHBXubtvQWFO-hXnDVKNuscV7-zlyr5fU")},
 
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "work"},
-		}, pkg.MustDecode("bqtn69RkV5E7V7GhhgCFjcvbxmaqrO8DywamM4Tyjf10F6EJBHjXiIa_tFRtF4iN"), nil},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("L_0RFHpr9JUS4Zp14rz2dESSRvfLzpvqsLhR1-YjQt8hYlmEdVl7vI3_-v8UNPKs"), nil},
 
 		{"sample directory step simple", fstest.MapFS{
 			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
@@ -208,8 +208,8 @@ func TestFlatten(t *testing.T) {
 			"checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM/work":                                                                                     {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
 
 			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"identifier/-P_1iw6yVq_letMHncqcExSE0bYcDhYI5OdY6b1wKASf-Corufvj__XTBUq2Qd2a": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM")},
+			"identifier/W5S65DEhawz_WKaok5NjUKLmnD9dNl5RPauNJjcOVcB3VM4eGhSaLGmXbL8vZpiw": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM")},
-			"identifier/0_rRxIqbX9LK9L_KDbuafotFz6HFkonNgO9gXhK1asM_Y1Pxn0amg756vRTo6m74": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM")},
+			"identifier/rg7F1D5hwv6o4xctjD5zDq4i5MD0mArTsUIWfhUbik8xC6Bsyt3mjXXOm3goojTz": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM")},
 
 			"temp": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
 			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
@@ -230,12 +230,12 @@ func TestFlatten(t *testing.T) {
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM/work"},
 
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "identifier"},
-			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/-P_1iw6yVq_letMHncqcExSE0bYcDhYI5OdY6b1wKASf-Corufvj__XTBUq2Qd2a", Data: []byte("../checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/W5S65DEhawz_WKaok5NjUKLmnD9dNl5RPauNJjcOVcB3VM4eGhSaLGmXbL8vZpiw", Data: []byte("../checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM")},
-			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/0_rRxIqbX9LK9L_KDbuafotFz6HFkonNgO9gXhK1asM_Y1Pxn0amg756vRTo6m74", Data: []byte("../checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/rg7F1D5hwv6o4xctjD5zDq4i5MD0mArTsUIWfhUbik8xC6Bsyt3mjXXOm3goojTz", Data: []byte("../checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM")},
 
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "temp"},
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "work"},
-		}, pkg.MustDecode("sxbgyX-bPoezbha214n2lbQhiVfTUBkhZ0EX6zI7mmkMdrCdwuMwhMBJphLQsy94"), nil},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("NQTlc466JmSVLIyWklm_u8_g95jEEb98PxJU-kjwxLpfdjwMWJq0G8ze9R4Vo1Vu"), nil},
 
 		{"sample tar expand step unpack", fstest.MapFS{
 			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
@@ -255,8 +255,8 @@ func TestFlatten(t *testing.T) {
 			"checksum/CH3AiUrCCcVOjOYLaMKKK1Da78989JtfHeIsxMzWOQFiN4mrCLDYpoDxLWqJWCUN/libedac.so": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("/proc/nonexistent/libedac.so")},
 
 			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"identifier/-P_1iw6yVq_letMHncqcExSE0bYcDhYI5OdY6b1wKASf-Corufvj__XTBUq2Qd2a": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/CH3AiUrCCcVOjOYLaMKKK1Da78989JtfHeIsxMzWOQFiN4mrCLDYpoDxLWqJWCUN")},
+			"identifier/W5S65DEhawz_WKaok5NjUKLmnD9dNl5RPauNJjcOVcB3VM4eGhSaLGmXbL8vZpiw": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/CH3AiUrCCcVOjOYLaMKKK1Da78989JtfHeIsxMzWOQFiN4mrCLDYpoDxLWqJWCUN")},
-			"identifier/0_rRxIqbX9LK9L_KDbuafotFz6HFkonNgO9gXhK1asM_Y1Pxn0amg756vRTo6m74": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/CH3AiUrCCcVOjOYLaMKKK1Da78989JtfHeIsxMzWOQFiN4mrCLDYpoDxLWqJWCUN")},
+			"identifier/_v1blm2h-_KA-dVaawdpLas6MjHc6rbhhFS8JWwx8iJxZGUu8EBbRrhr5AaZ9PJL": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/CH3AiUrCCcVOjOYLaMKKK1Da78989JtfHeIsxMzWOQFiN4mrCLDYpoDxLWqJWCUN")},
 
 			"temp": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
 			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
@@ -268,12 +268,12 @@ func TestFlatten(t *testing.T) {
 			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "checksum/CH3AiUrCCcVOjOYLaMKKK1Da78989JtfHeIsxMzWOQFiN4mrCLDYpoDxLWqJWCUN/libedac.so", Data: []byte("/proc/nonexistent/libedac.so")},
 
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "identifier"},
-			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/-P_1iw6yVq_letMHncqcExSE0bYcDhYI5OdY6b1wKASf-Corufvj__XTBUq2Qd2a", Data: []byte("../checksum/CH3AiUrCCcVOjOYLaMKKK1Da78989JtfHeIsxMzWOQFiN4mrCLDYpoDxLWqJWCUN")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/W5S65DEhawz_WKaok5NjUKLmnD9dNl5RPauNJjcOVcB3VM4eGhSaLGmXbL8vZpiw", Data: []byte("../checksum/CH3AiUrCCcVOjOYLaMKKK1Da78989JtfHeIsxMzWOQFiN4mrCLDYpoDxLWqJWCUN")},
-			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/0_rRxIqbX9LK9L_KDbuafotFz6HFkonNgO9gXhK1asM_Y1Pxn0amg756vRTo6m74", Data: []byte("../checksum/CH3AiUrCCcVOjOYLaMKKK1Da78989JtfHeIsxMzWOQFiN4mrCLDYpoDxLWqJWCUN")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/_v1blm2h-_KA-dVaawdpLas6MjHc6rbhhFS8JWwx8iJxZGUu8EBbRrhr5AaZ9PJL", Data: []byte("../checksum/CH3AiUrCCcVOjOYLaMKKK1Da78989JtfHeIsxMzWOQFiN4mrCLDYpoDxLWqJWCUN")},
 
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "temp"},
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "work"},
-		}, pkg.MustDecode("4I8wx_h7NSJTlG5lbuz-GGEXrOg0GYC3M_503LYEBhv5XGWXfNIdIY9Q3eVSYldX"), nil},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("hSoSSgCYTNonX3Q8FjvjD1fBl-E-BQyA6OTXro2OadXqbST4tZ-akGXszdeqphRe"), nil},
 
 		{"testtool", fstest.MapFS{
 			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
@@ -295,9 +295,9 @@ func TestFlatten(t *testing.T) {
 			"checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb":       {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{}},
 
 			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"identifier/U2cbgVgEtjfRuvHfE1cQnZ3t8yoexULQyo_VLgvxAVJSsobMcNaFIsuDWtmt7kzK": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
 			"identifier/_gAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb")},
-			"identifier/nfeISfLeFDr1k-g3hpE1oZ440kTqDdfF8TDpoLdbTPqaMMIl95oiqcvqjRkMjubA": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+			"identifier/dztPS6jRjiZtCF4_p8AzfnxGp6obkhrgFVsxdodbKWUoAEVtDz3MykepJB4kI_ks": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
+			"identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
 
 			"temp": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
 			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
@@ -311,13 +311,13 @@ func TestFlatten(t *testing.T) {
 			{Mode: 0400, Path: "checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb", Data: []byte{}},
 
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "identifier"},
-			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/U2cbgVgEtjfRuvHfE1cQnZ3t8yoexULQyo_VLgvxAVJSsobMcNaFIsuDWtmt7kzK", Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
 			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/_gAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA", Data: []byte("../checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb")},
-			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/nfeISfLeFDr1k-g3hpE1oZ440kTqDdfF8TDpoLdbTPqaMMIl95oiqcvqjRkMjubA", Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/dztPS6jRjiZtCF4_p8AzfnxGp6obkhrgFVsxdodbKWUoAEVtDz3MykepJB4kI_ks", Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK", Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
 
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "temp"},
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "work"},
-		}, pkg.MustDecode("UiV6kMz7KrTsc_yphiyQzFLqjRanHxUOwrBMtkKuWo4mOO6WgPFAcoUEeSp7eVIW"), nil},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("Q5DluWQCAeohLoiGRImurwFp3vdz9IfQCoj7Fuhh73s4KQPRHpEQEnHTdNHmB8Fx"), nil},
 
 		{"testtool net", fstest.MapFS{
 			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
@@ -339,9 +339,9 @@ func TestFlatten(t *testing.T) {
 			"checksum/a1F_i9PVQI4qMcoHgTQkORuyWLkC1GLIxOhDt2JpU1NGAxWc5VJzdlfRK-PYBh3W/check": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte("net")},
 
 			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"identifier/G8qPxD9puvvoOVV7lrT80eyDeIl3G_CCFoKw12c8mCjMdG1zF7NEPkwYpNubClK3": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/a1F_i9PVQI4qMcoHgTQkORuyWLkC1GLIxOhDt2JpU1NGAxWc5VJzdlfRK-PYBh3W")},
 			"identifier/_gAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb")},
-			"identifier/QdsJhGgnk5N2xdUNGcndXQxFKifxf1V_2t9X8CQ-pDcg24x6mGJC_BiLfGbs6Qml": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/a1F_i9PVQI4qMcoHgTQkORuyWLkC1GLIxOhDt2JpU1NGAxWc5VJzdlfRK-PYBh3W")},
+			"identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
-			"identifier/nfeISfLeFDr1k-g3hpE1oZ440kTqDdfF8TDpoLdbTPqaMMIl95oiqcvqjRkMjubA": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
 
 			"temp": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
 			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
@@ -355,13 +355,13 @@ func TestFlatten(t *testing.T) {
 			{Mode: 0400, Path: "checksum/a1F_i9PVQI4qMcoHgTQkORuyWLkC1GLIxOhDt2JpU1NGAxWc5VJzdlfRK-PYBh3W/check", Data: []byte("net")},
 
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "identifier"},
-			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/QdsJhGgnk5N2xdUNGcndXQxFKifxf1V_2t9X8CQ-pDcg24x6mGJC_BiLfGbs6Qml", Data: []byte("../checksum/a1F_i9PVQI4qMcoHgTQkORuyWLkC1GLIxOhDt2JpU1NGAxWc5VJzdlfRK-PYBh3W")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/G8qPxD9puvvoOVV7lrT80eyDeIl3G_CCFoKw12c8mCjMdG1zF7NEPkwYpNubClK3", Data: []byte("../checksum/a1F_i9PVQI4qMcoHgTQkORuyWLkC1GLIxOhDt2JpU1NGAxWc5VJzdlfRK-PYBh3W")},
 			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/_gAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA", Data: []byte("../checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb")},
-			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/nfeISfLeFDr1k-g3hpE1oZ440kTqDdfF8TDpoLdbTPqaMMIl95oiqcvqjRkMjubA", Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK", Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
 
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "temp"},
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "work"},
-		}, pkg.MustDecode("ek4K-0d4iRSArkY2TCs3WK34DbiYeOmhE_4vsJTSu_6roY4ZF3YG6eKRooal-i1o"), nil},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("bPYvvqxpfV7xcC1EptqyKNK1klLJgYHMDkzBcoOyK6j_Aj5hb0mXNPwTwPSK5F6Z"), nil},
 
 		{"sample exec container overlay root", fstest.MapFS{
 			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
@@ -372,8 +372,8 @@ func TestFlatten(t *testing.T) {
 			"checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU":       {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
 
 			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"identifier/5ey2wpmMpj483YYa7ZZQciYLA2cx3_l167JCqWW4Pd-5DVp81dj9EsBtVTwYptF6": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
+			"identifier/RdMA-mubnrHuu3Ky1wWyxauSYCO0ZH_zCPUj3uDHqkfwv5sGcByoF_g5PjlGiClb": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
-			"identifier/nfeISfLeFDr1k-g3hpE1oZ440kTqDdfF8TDpoLdbTPqaMMIl95oiqcvqjRkMjubA": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+			"identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
 
 			"temp": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
 			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
@@ -386,12 +386,12 @@ func TestFlatten(t *testing.T) {
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU"},
 
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "identifier"},
-			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/5ey2wpmMpj483YYa7ZZQciYLA2cx3_l167JCqWW4Pd-5DVp81dj9EsBtVTwYptF6", Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/RdMA-mubnrHuu3Ky1wWyxauSYCO0ZH_zCPUj3uDHqkfwv5sGcByoF_g5PjlGiClb", Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
-			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/nfeISfLeFDr1k-g3hpE1oZ440kTqDdfF8TDpoLdbTPqaMMIl95oiqcvqjRkMjubA", Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK", Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
 
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "temp"},
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "work"},
-		}, pkg.MustDecode("VIqqpf0ip9jcyw63i6E8lCMGUcLivQBe4Bevt3WusNac-1MSy5bzB647qGUBzl-W"), nil},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("PO2DSSCa4yoSgEYRcCSZfQfwow1yRigL3Ry-hI0RDI4aGuFBha-EfXeSJnG_5_Rl"), nil},
 
 		{"sample exec container overlay work", fstest.MapFS{
 			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
@@ -402,8 +402,8 @@ func TestFlatten(t *testing.T) {
 			"checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU":       {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
 
 			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"identifier/acaDzHZv40dZaz4cGAXayqbRMgbEOuiuiUijZL8IgDQvyeCNMFE3onBMYfny-kXA": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
+			"identifier/5hlaukCirnXE4W_RSLJFOZN47Z5RiHnacXzdFp_70cLgiJUGR6cSb_HaFftkzi0-": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
-			"identifier/nfeISfLeFDr1k-g3hpE1oZ440kTqDdfF8TDpoLdbTPqaMMIl95oiqcvqjRkMjubA": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+			"identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
 
 			"temp": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
 			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
@@ -416,12 +416,12 @@ func TestFlatten(t *testing.T) {
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU"},
 
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "identifier"},
-			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/acaDzHZv40dZaz4cGAXayqbRMgbEOuiuiUijZL8IgDQvyeCNMFE3onBMYfny-kXA", Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/5hlaukCirnXE4W_RSLJFOZN47Z5RiHnacXzdFp_70cLgiJUGR6cSb_HaFftkzi0-", Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
-			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/nfeISfLeFDr1k-g3hpE1oZ440kTqDdfF8TDpoLdbTPqaMMIl95oiqcvqjRkMjubA", Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK", Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
 
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "temp"},
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "work"},
-		}, pkg.MustDecode("q8x2zQg4YZbKpPqKlEBj_uxXD9vOBaZ852qOuIsl9QdO73I_UMNpuUoPLtunxUYl"), nil},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("iaRt6l_Wm2n-h5UsDewZxQkCmjZjyL8r7wv32QT2kyV55-Lx09Dq4gfg9BiwPnKs"), nil},
 
 		{"sample exec container multiple layers", fstest.MapFS{
 			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
@@ -436,9 +436,9 @@ func TestFlatten(t *testing.T) {
 
 			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
 			"identifier/_gAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb")},
-			"identifier/nfeISfLeFDr1k-g3hpE1oZ440kTqDdfF8TDpoLdbTPqaMMIl95oiqcvqjRkMjubA": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+			"identifier/B-kc5iJMx8GtlCua4dz6BiJHnDAOUfPjgpbKq4e-QEn0_CZkSYs3fOA1ve06qMs2": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/nY_CUdiaUM1OL4cPr5TS92FCJ3rCRV7Hm5oVTzAvMXwC03_QnTRfQ5PPs7mOU9fK")},
-			"identifier/rXLKjjYfGSyoWmuvEJooHkvGJIZaC0IAWnKGvtPZkM15gBxAgW7mIXcxRVNOXAr4": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/nY_CUdiaUM1OL4cPr5TS92FCJ3rCRV7Hm5oVTzAvMXwC03_QnTRfQ5PPs7mOU9fK")},
+			"identifier/p1t_drXr34i-jZNuxDMLaMOdL6tZvQqhavNafGynGqxOZoXAUTSn7kqNh3Ovv3DT": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
-			"identifier/tfjrsVuBuFgzWgwz-yPppFtylYuC1VFWnKhyBiHbWTGkyz8lt7Ee9QXWaIHPXs4x": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
+			"identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
 
 			"temp": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
 			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
@@ -454,14 +454,14 @@ func TestFlatten(t *testing.T) {
 			{Mode: 0400, Path: "checksum/nY_CUdiaUM1OL4cPr5TS92FCJ3rCRV7Hm5oVTzAvMXwC03_QnTRfQ5PPs7mOU9fK/check", Data: []byte("layers")},
 
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "identifier"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/B-kc5iJMx8GtlCua4dz6BiJHnDAOUfPjgpbKq4e-QEn0_CZkSYs3fOA1ve06qMs2", Data: []byte("../checksum/nY_CUdiaUM1OL4cPr5TS92FCJ3rCRV7Hm5oVTzAvMXwC03_QnTRfQ5PPs7mOU9fK")},
 			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/_gAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA", Data: []byte("../checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb")},
-			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/nfeISfLeFDr1k-g3hpE1oZ440kTqDdfF8TDpoLdbTPqaMMIl95oiqcvqjRkMjubA", Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/p1t_drXr34i-jZNuxDMLaMOdL6tZvQqhavNafGynGqxOZoXAUTSn7kqNh3Ovv3DT", Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
-			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/rXLKjjYfGSyoWmuvEJooHkvGJIZaC0IAWnKGvtPZkM15gBxAgW7mIXcxRVNOXAr4", Data: []byte("../checksum/nY_CUdiaUM1OL4cPr5TS92FCJ3rCRV7Hm5oVTzAvMXwC03_QnTRfQ5PPs7mOU9fK")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK", Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
-			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/tfjrsVuBuFgzWgwz-yPppFtylYuC1VFWnKhyBiHbWTGkyz8lt7Ee9QXWaIHPXs4x", Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
 
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "temp"},
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "work"},
-		}, pkg.MustDecode("SITnQ6PTV12PAQQjIuLUxkvsXQiC9Gq_HJQlcb4BPL5YnRHnx8lsW7PRM9YMLBsx"), nil},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("O2YzyR7IUGU5J2CADy0hUZ3A5NkP_Vwzs4UadEdn2oMZZVWRtH0xZGJ3HXiimTnZ"), nil},
 
 		{"sample exec container layer promotion", fstest.MapFS{
 			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
@@ -472,9 +472,9 @@ func TestFlatten(t *testing.T) {
 			"checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU":       {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
 
 			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"identifier/1tQZOGmVk_JkpyiG84AKW_BXmlK_MvHUbh5WtMuthGbHUq7i7nL1bvdF-LoJbqNh": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+			"identifier/kvJIqZo5DKFOxC2ZQ-8_nPaQzEAz9cIm3p6guO-uLqm-xaiPu7oRkSnsu411jd_U": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
-			"identifier/O-6VjlIUxc4PYLf5v35uhIeL8kkYCbHYklqlmDjFPXe0m4j6GkUDg5qwTzBRESnf": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
+			"identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
-			"identifier/nfeISfLeFDr1k-g3hpE1oZ440kTqDdfF8TDpoLdbTPqaMMIl95oiqcvqjRkMjubA": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+			"identifier/xXTIYcXmgJWNLC91c417RRrNM9cjELwEZHpGvf8Fk_GNP5agRJp_SicD0w9aMeLJ": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
 
 			"temp": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
 			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
@@ -487,13 +487,13 @@ func TestFlatten(t *testing.T) {
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU"},
 
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "identifier"},
-			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/1tQZOGmVk_JkpyiG84AKW_BXmlK_MvHUbh5WtMuthGbHUq7i7nL1bvdF-LoJbqNh", Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/kvJIqZo5DKFOxC2ZQ-8_nPaQzEAz9cIm3p6guO-uLqm-xaiPu7oRkSnsu411jd_U", Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
-			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/O-6VjlIUxc4PYLf5v35uhIeL8kkYCbHYklqlmDjFPXe0m4j6GkUDg5qwTzBRESnf", Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK", Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
-			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/nfeISfLeFDr1k-g3hpE1oZ440kTqDdfF8TDpoLdbTPqaMMIl95oiqcvqjRkMjubA", Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/xXTIYcXmgJWNLC91c417RRrNM9cjELwEZHpGvf8Fk_GNP5agRJp_SicD0w9aMeLJ", Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
 
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "temp"},
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "work"},
-		}, pkg.MustDecode("fuC20BhMKr86TYzNPP2A-9P7mGLvdcOiG10exlhRvZm8ySI7csf0LhW3im_26l1N"), nil},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("3EaW6WibLi9gl03_UieiFPaFcPy5p4x3JPxrnLJxGaTI-bh3HU9DK9IMx7c3rrNm"), nil},
 
 		{"sample file short", fstest.MapFS{
 			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@ func TestFlatten(t *testing.T) {
 			"checksum/vsAhtPNo4waRNOASwrQwcIPTqb3SBuJOXw2G4T1mNmVZM-wrQTRllmgXqcIIoRcX": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{0}},
 
 			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"identifier/lIx_W4M7tVOcQ8jh08EJOfXf4brRmkEEjvUa7c17vVUzlmtUxlhhrgqmc9aZhjbn": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/vsAhtPNo4waRNOASwrQwcIPTqb3SBuJOXw2G4T1mNmVZM-wrQTRllmgXqcIIoRcX")},
+			"identifier/3376ALA7hIUm2LbzH2fDvRezgzod1eTK_G6XjyOgbM2u-6swvkFaF0BOwSl_juBi": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/vsAhtPNo4waRNOASwrQwcIPTqb3SBuJOXw2G4T1mNmVZM-wrQTRllmgXqcIIoRcX")},
 
 			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
 		}, []pkg.FlatEntry{
@@ -511,10 +511,10 @@ func TestFlatten(t *testing.T) {
 			{Mode: 0400, Path: "checksum/vsAhtPNo4waRNOASwrQwcIPTqb3SBuJOXw2G4T1mNmVZM-wrQTRllmgXqcIIoRcX", Data: []byte{0}},
 
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "identifier"},
-			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/lIx_W4M7tVOcQ8jh08EJOfXf4brRmkEEjvUa7c17vVUzlmtUxlhhrgqmc9aZhjbn", Data: []byte("../checksum/vsAhtPNo4waRNOASwrQwcIPTqb3SBuJOXw2G4T1mNmVZM-wrQTRllmgXqcIIoRcX")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/3376ALA7hIUm2LbzH2fDvRezgzod1eTK_G6XjyOgbM2u-6swvkFaF0BOwSl_juBi", Data: []byte("../checksum/vsAhtPNo4waRNOASwrQwcIPTqb3SBuJOXw2G4T1mNmVZM-wrQTRllmgXqcIIoRcX")},
 
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "work"},
-		}, pkg.MustDecode("hnrfmJtivNKcgtETsKnU9gP_OwPgpNY3DSUJnmxnmeOODSO-YBvEBiTgieY4AAd7"), nil},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("iR6H5OIsyOW4EwEgtm9rGzGF6DVtyHLySEtwnFE8bnus9VJcoCbR4JIek7Lw-vwT"), nil},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {

internal/pkg/exec.go

@@ -18,11 +18,12 @@ import (
 	"hakurei.app/container"
 	"hakurei.app/container/check"
 	"hakurei.app/container/fhs"
+	"hakurei.app/container/seccomp"
 	"hakurei.app/container/std"
 	"hakurei.app/message"
 )
 
-// AbsWork is the container pathname [CureContext.GetWorkDir] is mounted on.
+// AbsWork is the container pathname [TContext.GetWorkDir] is mounted on.
 var AbsWork = fhs.AbsRoot.Append("work/")
 
 // ExecPath is a slice of [Artifact] and the [check.Absolute] pathname to make
@@ -38,22 +39,23 @@ type ExecPath struct {
 	W bool
 }
 
-// layers returns pathnames collected from A deduplicated by checksum.
+// SchedPolicy is the [container] scheduling policy.
-func (p *ExecPath) layers(f *FContext) []*check.Absolute {
+var SchedPolicy int
-	msg := f.GetMessage()
 
-	layers := make([]*check.Absolute, 0, len(p.A))
+// PromoteLayers returns artifacts with identical-by-content layers promoted to
-	checksums := make(map[unique.Handle[Checksum]]struct{}, len(p.A))
+// the highest priority instance, as if mounted via [ExecPath].
-	for i := range p.A {
+func PromoteLayers(
-		d := p.A[len(p.A)-1-i]
+	artifacts []Artifact,
-		pathname, checksum := f.GetArtifact(d)
+	getArtifact func(Artifact) (*check.Absolute, unique.Handle[Checksum]),
+	report func(i int, d Artifact),
+) []*check.Absolute {
+	layers := make([]*check.Absolute, 0, len(artifacts))
+	checksums := make(map[unique.Handle[Checksum]]struct{}, len(artifacts))
+	for i := range artifacts {
+		d := artifacts[len(artifacts)-1-i]
+		pathname, checksum := getArtifact(d)
 		if _, ok := checksums[checksum]; ok {
-			if msg.IsVerbose() {
+			report(len(artifacts)-1-i, d)
-				msg.Verbosef(
-					"promoted layer %d as %s",
-					len(p.A)-1-i, reportName(d, f.cache.Ident(d)),
-				)
-			}
 			continue
 		}
 		checksums[checksum] = struct{}{}
@@ -63,6 +65,19 @@ func (p *ExecPath) layers(f *FContext) []*check.Absolute {
 	return layers
 }
 
+// layers returns pathnames collected from A deduplicated via [PromoteLayers].
+func (p *ExecPath) layers(f *FContext) []*check.Absolute {
+	msg := f.GetMessage()
+	return PromoteLayers(p.A, f.GetArtifact, func(i int, d Artifact) {
+		if msg.IsVerbose() {
+			msg.Verbosef(
+				"promoted layer %d as %s",
+				i, reportName(d, f.cache.Ident(d)),
+			)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
 // Path returns a populated [ExecPath].
 func Path(pathname *check.Absolute, writable bool, a ...Artifact) ExecPath {
 	return ExecPath{pathname, a, writable}
@@ -102,8 +117,7 @@ type execArtifact struct {
 	args []string
 
 	// Duration the initial process is allowed to run. The zero value is
-	// equivalent to execTimeoutDefault. This value is never encoded in Params
+	// equivalent to [ExecTimeoutDefault].
-	// because it cannot affect outcome.
 	timeout time.Duration
 
 	// Caller-supplied exclusivity value, returned as is by IsExclusive.
@@ -128,12 +142,6 @@ func (a *execNetArtifact) Checksum() Checksum { return a.checksum }
 // Kind returns the hardcoded [Kind] constant.
 func (*execNetArtifact) Kind() Kind { return KindExecNet }
 
-// Params is [Checksum] concatenated with [KindExec] params.
-func (a *execNetArtifact) Params(ctx *IContext) {
-	ctx.GetHash().Write(a.checksum[:])
-	a.execArtifact.Params(ctx)
-}
-
 // Cure cures the [Artifact] in the container described by the caller. The
 // container retains host networking.
 func (a *execNetArtifact) Cure(f *FContext) error {
@@ -197,38 +205,131 @@ func (*execArtifact) Kind() Kind { return KindExec }
 
 // Params writes paths, executable pathname and args.
 func (a *execArtifact) Params(ctx *IContext) {
-	h := ctx.GetHash()
+	ctx.WriteString(a.name)
 
-	_0, _1 := []byte{0}, []byte{1}
+	ctx.WriteUint32(uint32(len(a.paths)))
 	for _, p := range a.paths {
-		if p.W {
-			h.Write(_1)
-		} else {
-			h.Write(_0)
-		}
 		if p.P != nil {
-			h.Write([]byte(p.P.String()))
+			ctx.WriteString(p.P.String())
 		} else {
-			h.Write([]byte("invalid P\x00"))
+			ctx.WriteString("invalid P\x00")
 		}
-		h.Write(_0)
+
+		ctx.WriteUint32(uint32(len(p.A)))
 		for _, d := range p.A {
 			ctx.WriteIdent(d)
 		}
-		h.Write(_0)
+
+		if p.W {
+			ctx.WriteUint32(1)
+		} else {
+			ctx.WriteUint32(0)
 		}
-	h.Write(_0)
+	}
-	h.Write([]byte(a.dir.String()))
+
-	h.Write(_0)
+	ctx.WriteString(a.dir.String())
+
+	ctx.WriteUint32(uint32(len(a.env)))
 	for _, e := range a.env {
-		h.Write([]byte(e))
+		ctx.WriteString(e)
 	}
-	h.Write(_0)
+
-	h.Write([]byte(a.path.String()))
+	ctx.WriteString(a.path.String())
-	h.Write(_0)
+
+	ctx.WriteUint32(uint32(len(a.args)))
 	for _, arg := range a.args {
-		h.Write([]byte(arg))
+		ctx.WriteString(arg)
 	}
+
+	ctx.WriteUint32(uint32(a.timeout & 0xffffffff))
+	ctx.WriteUint32(uint32(a.timeout >> 32))
+
+	if a.exclusive {
+		ctx.WriteUint32(1)
+	} else {
+		ctx.WriteUint32(0)
+	}
+}
+
+// readExecArtifact interprets IR values and returns the address of execArtifact
+// or execNetArtifact.
+func readExecArtifact(r *IRReader, net bool) Artifact {
+	r.DiscardAll()
+
+	name := r.ReadString()
+
+	sz := r.ReadUint32()
+	if sz > irMaxDeps {
+		panic(ErrIRDepend)
+	}
+	paths := make([]ExecPath, sz)
+	for i := range paths {
+		paths[i].P = check.MustAbs(r.ReadString())
+
+		sz = r.ReadUint32()
+		if sz > irMaxDeps {
+			panic(ErrIRDepend)
+		}
+		paths[i].A = make([]Artifact, sz)
+		for j := range paths[i].A {
+			paths[i].A[j] = r.ReadIdent()
+		}
+
+		paths[i].W = r.ReadUint32() != 0
+	}
+
+	dir := check.MustAbs(r.ReadString())
+
+	sz = r.ReadUint32()
+	if sz > irMaxValues {
+		panic(ErrIRValues)
+	}
+	env := make([]string, sz)
+	for i := range env {
+		env[i] = r.ReadString()
+	}
+
+	pathname := check.MustAbs(r.ReadString())
+
+	sz = r.ReadUint32()
+	if sz > irMaxValues {
+		panic(ErrIRValues)
+	}
+	args := make([]string, sz)
+	for i := range args {
+		args[i] = r.ReadString()
+	}
+
+	timeout := time.Duration(r.ReadUint32())
+	timeout |= time.Duration(r.ReadUint32()) << 32
+
+	exclusive := r.ReadUint32() != 0
+
+	checksum, ok := r.Finalise()
+
+	var checksumP *Checksum
+	if net {
+		if !ok {
+			panic(ErrExpectedChecksum)
+		}
+		checksumVal := checksum.Value()
+		checksumP = &checksumVal
+	} else {
+		if ok {
+			panic(ErrUnexpectedChecksum)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return NewExec(
+		name, checksumP, timeout, exclusive, dir, env, pathname, args, paths...,
+	)
+}
+
+func init() {
+	register(KindExec,
+		func(r *IRReader) Artifact { return readExecArtifact(r, false) })
+	register(KindExecNet,
+		func(r *IRReader) Artifact { return readExecArtifact(r, true) })
 }
 
 // Dependencies returns a slice of all artifacts collected from caller-supplied
@@ -260,6 +361,7 @@ const (
 // scanVerbose prefixes program output for a verbose [message.Msg].
 func scanVerbose(
 	msg message.Msg,
+	cancel context.CancelFunc,
 	done chan<- struct{},
 	prefix string,
 	r io.Reader,
@@ -274,10 +376,15 @@ func scanVerbose(
 		msg.Verbose(prefix, s.Text())
 	}
 	if err := s.Err(); err != nil && !errors.Is(err, os.ErrClosed) {
+		cancel()
 		msg.Verbose("*"+prefix, err)
 	}
 }
 
+// SeccompPresets is the [seccomp] presets used by exec artifacts.
+const SeccompPresets = std.PresetStrict &
+	^(std.PresetDenyNS | std.PresetDenyDevel)
+
 // cure is like Cure but allows optional host net namespace. This is used for
 // the [KnownChecksum] variant where networking is allowed.
 func (a *execArtifact) cure(f *FContext, hostNet bool) (err error) {
@@ -301,14 +408,22 @@ func (a *execArtifact) cure(f *FContext, hostNet bool) (err error) {
 
 	z := container.New(ctx, f.GetMessage())
 	z.WaitDelay = execWaitDelay
-	z.SeccompPresets |= std.PresetStrict & ^std.PresetDenyNS
+	z.SeccompPresets = SeccompPresets
+	z.SeccompFlags |= seccomp.AllowMultiarch
 	z.ParentPerm = 0700
 	z.HostNet = hostNet
 	z.Hostname = "cure"
+	z.SchedPolicy = SchedPolicy
 	if z.HostNet {
 		z.Hostname = "cure-net"
 	}
 	z.Uid, z.Gid = (1<<10)-1, (1<<10)-1
+
+	var status io.Writer
+	if status, err = f.GetStatusWriter(); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
 	if msg := f.GetMessage(); msg.IsVerbose() {
 		var stdout, stderr io.ReadCloser
 		if stdout, err = z.StdoutPipe(); err != nil {
@@ -325,10 +440,31 @@ func (a *execArtifact) cure(f *FContext, hostNet bool) (err error) {
 			}
 		}()
 
+		bw := f.cache.getWriter(status)
 		stdoutDone, stderrDone := make(chan struct{}), make(chan struct{})
-		go scanVerbose(msg, stdoutDone, "("+a.name+":1)", stdout)
+		go scanVerbose(
-		go scanVerbose(msg, stderrDone, "("+a.name+":2)", stderr)
+			msg, cancel, stdoutDone,
-		defer func() { <-stdoutDone; <-stderrDone }()
+			"("+a.name+":1)",
+			io.TeeReader(stdout, bw),
+		)
+		go scanVerbose(
+			msg, cancel, stderrDone,
+			"("+a.name+":2)",
+			io.TeeReader(stderr, bw),
+		)
+		defer func() {
+			<-stdoutDone
+			<-stderrDone
+
+			flushErr := bw.Flush()
+			if err == nil {
+				err = flushErr
+			}
+			f.cache.putWriter(bw)
+
+		}()
+	} else {
+		z.Stdout, z.Stderr = status, status
 	}
 
 	z.Dir, z.Env, z.Path, z.Args = a.dir, a.env, a.path, a.args

internal/pkg/exec_test.go

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ func TestExec(t *testing.T) {
 				), nil, pkg.Checksum{}, &pkg.DependencyCureError{
 					{
 						Ident: unique.Make(pkg.ID(pkg.MustDecode(
-							"CWEoJqnSBpWf8uryC2qnIe3O1a_FZWUWZGbiVPsQFGW7pvDHiSwoK3QCU9-uxN87",
+							"Sowo6oZRmG6xVtUaxB6bDWZhVsqAJsIJWUp0OPKlE103cY0lodx7dem8J-qQF0Z1",
 						))),
 						Err: stub.UniqueError(0xcafe),
 					},
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ func TestExec(t *testing.T) {
 			}
 
 			testtoolDestroy(t, base, c)
-		}, pkg.MustDecode("UiV6kMz7KrTsc_yphiyQzFLqjRanHxUOwrBMtkKuWo4mOO6WgPFAcoUEeSp7eVIW")},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("Q5DluWQCAeohLoiGRImurwFp3vdz9IfQCoj7Fuhh73s4KQPRHpEQEnHTdNHmB8Fx")},
 
 		{"net", nil, func(t *testing.T, base *check.Absolute, c *pkg.Cache) {
 			c.SetStrict(true)
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ func TestExec(t *testing.T) {
 			})
 
 			testtoolDestroy(t, base, c)
-		}, pkg.MustDecode("ek4K-0d4iRSArkY2TCs3WK34DbiYeOmhE_4vsJTSu_6roY4ZF3YG6eKRooal-i1o")},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("bPYvvqxpfV7xcC1EptqyKNK1klLJgYHMDkzBcoOyK6j_Aj5hb0mXNPwTwPSK5F6Z")},
 
 		{"overlay root", nil, func(t *testing.T, base *check.Absolute, c *pkg.Cache) {
 			c.SetStrict(true)
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ func TestExec(t *testing.T) {
 			})
 
 			testtoolDestroy(t, base, c)
-		}, pkg.MustDecode("VIqqpf0ip9jcyw63i6E8lCMGUcLivQBe4Bevt3WusNac-1MSy5bzB647qGUBzl-W")},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("PO2DSSCa4yoSgEYRcCSZfQfwow1yRigL3Ry-hI0RDI4aGuFBha-EfXeSJnG_5_Rl")},
 
 		{"overlay work", nil, func(t *testing.T, base *check.Absolute, c *pkg.Cache) {
 			c.SetStrict(true)
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ func TestExec(t *testing.T) {
 			})
 
 			testtoolDestroy(t, base, c)
-		}, pkg.MustDecode("q8x2zQg4YZbKpPqKlEBj_uxXD9vOBaZ852qOuIsl9QdO73I_UMNpuUoPLtunxUYl")},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("iaRt6l_Wm2n-h5UsDewZxQkCmjZjyL8r7wv32QT2kyV55-Lx09Dq4gfg9BiwPnKs")},
 
 		{"multiple layers", nil, func(t *testing.T, base *check.Absolute, c *pkg.Cache) {
 			c.SetStrict(true)
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ func TestExec(t *testing.T) {
 			})
 
 			testtoolDestroy(t, base, c)
-		}, pkg.MustDecode("SITnQ6PTV12PAQQjIuLUxkvsXQiC9Gq_HJQlcb4BPL5YnRHnx8lsW7PRM9YMLBsx")},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("O2YzyR7IUGU5J2CADy0hUZ3A5NkP_Vwzs4UadEdn2oMZZVWRtH0xZGJ3HXiimTnZ")},
 
 		{"overlay layer promotion", nil, func(t *testing.T, base *check.Absolute, c *pkg.Cache) {
 			c.SetStrict(true)
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ func TestExec(t *testing.T) {
 			})
 
 			testtoolDestroy(t, base, c)
-		}, pkg.MustDecode("fuC20BhMKr86TYzNPP2A-9P7mGLvdcOiG10exlhRvZm8ySI7csf0LhW3im_26l1N")},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("3EaW6WibLi9gl03_UieiFPaFcPy5p4x3JPxrnLJxGaTI-bh3HU9DK9IMx7c3rrNm")},
 	})
 }
 

internal/pkg/file.go

@@ -25,6 +25,12 @@ var _ KnownChecksum = new(fileArtifactNamed)
 // String returns the caller-supplied reporting name.
 func (a *fileArtifactNamed) String() string { return a.name }
 
+// Params writes the caller-supplied reporting name and the file body.
+func (a *fileArtifactNamed) Params(ctx *IContext) {
+	ctx.WriteString(a.name)
+	ctx.Write(a.fileArtifact)
+}
+
 // NewFile returns a [FileArtifact] that cures into a caller-supplied byte slice.
 //
 // Caller must not modify data after NewFile returns.
@@ -39,8 +45,22 @@ func NewFile(name string, data []byte) FileArtifact {
 // Kind returns the hardcoded [Kind] constant.
 func (*fileArtifact) Kind() Kind { return KindFile }
 
-// Params writes the result of Cure.
+// Params writes an empty string and the file body.
-func (a *fileArtifact) Params(ctx *IContext) { ctx.GetHash().Write(*a) }
+func (a *fileArtifact) Params(ctx *IContext) {
+	ctx.WriteString("")
+	ctx.Write(*a)
+}
+
+func init() {
+	register(KindFile, func(r *IRReader) Artifact {
+		name := r.ReadString()
+		data := r.ReadStringBytes()
+		if _, ok := r.Finalise(); !ok {
+			panic(ErrExpectedChecksum)
+		}
+		return NewFile(name, data)
+	})
+}
 
 // Dependencies returns a nil slice.
 func (*fileArtifact) Dependencies() []Artifact { return nil }

internal/pkg/file_test.go

@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@ func TestFile(t *testing.T) {
 			cureMany(t, c, []cureStep{
 				{"short", pkg.NewFile("null", []byte{0}), base.Append(
 					"identifier",
-					"lIx_W4M7tVOcQ8jh08EJOfXf4brRmkEEjvUa7c17vVUzlmtUxlhhrgqmc9aZhjbn",
+					"3376ALA7hIUm2LbzH2fDvRezgzod1eTK_G6XjyOgbM2u-6swvkFaF0BOwSl_juBi",
 				), pkg.MustDecode(
 					"vsAhtPNo4waRNOASwrQwcIPTqb3SBuJOXw2G4T1mNmVZM-wrQTRllmgXqcIIoRcX",
 				), nil},
 			})
 		}, pkg.MustDecode(
-			"hnrfmJtivNKcgtETsKnU9gP_OwPgpNY3DSUJnmxnmeOODSO-YBvEBiTgieY4AAd7",
+			"iR6H5OIsyOW4EwEgtm9rGzGF6DVtyHLySEtwnFE8bnus9VJcoCbR4JIek7Lw-vwT",
 		)},
 	})
 }

internal/pkg/ir.go

@@ -0,0 +1,769 @@
+package pkg
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"crypto/sha512"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"slices"
+	"strconv"
+	"syscall"
+	"unique"
+	"unsafe"
+)
+
+// wordSize is the boundary which binary segments are always aligned to.
+const wordSize = 8
+
+// alignSize returns the padded size for aligning sz.
+func alignSize(sz int) int {
+	return sz + (wordSize-(sz)%wordSize)%wordSize
+}
+
+// panicToError recovers from a panic and replaces a nil error with the panicked
+// error value. If the value does not implement error, it is re-panicked.
+func panicToError(errP *error) {
+	r := recover()
+	if r == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	if err, ok := r.(error); !ok {
+		panic(r)
+	} else if *errP == nil {
+		*errP = err
+	}
+}
+
+// IContext is passed to [Artifact.Params] and provides methods for writing
+// values to the IR writer. It does not expose the underlying [io.Writer].
+//
+// IContext is valid until [Artifact.Params] returns.
+type IContext struct {
+	// Address of underlying [Cache], should be zeroed or made unusable after
+	// [Artifact.Params] returns and must not be exposed directly.
+	cache *Cache
+	// Written to by various methods, should be zeroed after [Artifact.Params]
+	// returns and must not be exposed directly.
+	w io.Writer
+}
+
+// Unwrap returns the underlying [context.Context].
+func (i *IContext) Unwrap() context.Context { return i.cache.ctx }
+
+// irZero is a zero IR word.
+var irZero [wordSize]byte
+
+// IRValueKind denotes the kind of encoded value.
+type IRValueKind uint32
+
+const (
+	// IRKindEnd denotes the end of the current parameters stream. The ancillary
+	// value is interpreted as [IREndFlag].
+	IRKindEnd IRValueKind = iota
+	// IRKindIdent denotes the identifier of a dependency [Artifact]. The
+	// ancillary value is reserved for future use.
+	IRKindIdent
+	// IRKindUint32 denotes an inlined uint32 value.
+	IRKindUint32
+	// IRKindString denotes a string with its true length encoded in header
+	// ancillary data. Its wire length is always aligned to 8 byte boundary.
+	IRKindString
+
+	irHeaderShift = 32
+	irHeaderMask  = 0xffffffff
+)
+
+// String returns a user-facing name of k.
+func (k IRValueKind) String() string {
+	switch k {
+	case IRKindEnd:
+		return "terminator"
+	case IRKindIdent:
+		return "ident"
+	case IRKindUint32:
+		return "uint32"
+	case IRKindString:
+		return "string"
+	default:
+		return "invalid kind " + strconv.Itoa(int(k))
+	}
+}
+
+// irValueHeader encodes [IRValueKind] and a 32-bit ancillary value.
+type irValueHeader uint64
+
+// encodeHeader returns irValueHeader encoding [IRValueKind] and ancillary data.
+func (k IRValueKind) encodeHeader(v uint32) irValueHeader {
+	return irValueHeader(v)<<irHeaderShift | irValueHeader(k)
+}
+
+// put stores h in b[0:8].
+func (h irValueHeader) put(b []byte) {
+	binary.LittleEndian.PutUint64(b[:], uint64(h))
+}
+
+// append appends the bytes of h to b and returns the appended slice.
+func (h irValueHeader) append(b []byte) []byte {
+	return binary.LittleEndian.AppendUint64(b, uint64(h))
+}
+
+// IREndFlag is ancillary data encoded in the header of an [IRKindEnd] value and
+// specifies the presence of optional fields in the remaining [IRKindEnd] data.
+// Order of present fields is the order of their corresponding constants defined
+// below.
+type IREndFlag uint32
+
+const (
+	// IREndKnownChecksum denotes a [KnownChecksum] artifact. For an [IRKindEnd]
+	// value with this flag set, the remaining data contains the [Checksum].
+	IREndKnownChecksum IREndFlag = 1 << iota
+)
+
+// mustWrite writes to IContext.w and panics on error. The panic is recovered
+// from by the caller and used as the return value.
+func (i *IContext) mustWrite(p []byte) {
+	if _, err := i.w.Write(p); err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+}
+
+// WriteIdent writes the identifier of [Artifact] to the IR. The behaviour of
+// WriteIdent is not defined for an [Artifact] not part of the slice returned by
+// [Artifact.Dependencies].
+func (i *IContext) WriteIdent(a Artifact) {
+	buf := i.cache.getIdentBuf()
+	defer i.cache.putIdentBuf(buf)
+
+	IRKindIdent.encodeHeader(0).put(buf[:])
+	*(*ID)(buf[wordSize:]) = i.cache.Ident(a).Value()
+	i.mustWrite(buf[:])
+}
+
+// WriteUint32 writes a uint32 value to the IR.
+func (i *IContext) WriteUint32(v uint32) {
+	i.mustWrite(IRKindUint32.encodeHeader(v).append(nil))
+}
+
+// irMaxStringLength is the maximum acceptable wire size of [IRKindString].
+const irMaxStringLength = 1 << 24
+
+// IRStringError is a string value too big to encode in IR.
+type IRStringError string
+
+func (IRStringError) Error() string {
+	return "params value too big to encode in IR"
+}
+
+// Write writes p as a string value to the IR.
+func (i *IContext) Write(p []byte) {
+	sz := alignSize(len(p))
+	if len(p) > irMaxStringLength || sz > irMaxStringLength {
+		panic(IRStringError(p))
+	}
+
+	i.mustWrite(IRKindString.encodeHeader(uint32(len(p))).append(nil))
+	i.mustWrite(p)
+
+	psz := sz - len(p)
+	if psz > 0 {
+		i.mustWrite(irZero[:psz])
+	}
+}
+
+// WriteString writes s as a string value to the IR.
+func (i *IContext) WriteString(s string) {
+	p := unsafe.Slice(unsafe.StringData(s), len(s))
+	i.Write(p)
+}
+
+// Encode writes a deterministic, efficient representation of a to w and returns
+// the first non-nil error encountered while writing to w.
+func (c *Cache) Encode(w io.Writer, a Artifact) (err error) {
+	deps := a.Dependencies()
+	idents := make([]*extIdent, len(deps))
+	for i, d := range deps {
+		dbuf, did := c.unsafeIdent(d, true)
+		if dbuf == nil {
+			dbuf = c.getIdentBuf()
+			binary.LittleEndian.PutUint64(dbuf[:], uint64(d.Kind()))
+			*(*ID)(dbuf[wordSize:]) = did.Value()
+		} else {
+			c.storeIdent(d, dbuf)
+		}
+		defer c.putIdentBuf(dbuf)
+		idents[i] = dbuf
+	}
+	slices.SortFunc(idents, func(a, b *extIdent) int {
+		return bytes.Compare(a[:], b[:])
+	})
+	idents = slices.CompactFunc(idents, func(a, b *extIdent) bool {
+		return *a == *b
+	})
+
+	// kind uint64 | deps_sz uint64
+	var buf [wordSize * 2]byte
+	binary.LittleEndian.PutUint64(buf[:], uint64(a.Kind()))
+	binary.LittleEndian.PutUint64(buf[wordSize:], uint64(len(idents)))
+	if _, err = w.Write(buf[:]); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	for _, dn := range idents {
+		// kind uint64 | ident ID
+		if _, err = w.Write(dn[:]); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	func() {
+		i := IContext{c, w}
+
+		defer panicToError(&err)
+		defer func() { i.cache, i.w = nil, nil }()
+
+		a.Params(&i)
+	}()
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	var f IREndFlag
+	kcBuf := c.getIdentBuf()
+	sz := wordSize
+	if kc, ok := a.(KnownChecksum); ok {
+		f |= IREndKnownChecksum
+		*(*Checksum)(kcBuf[wordSize:]) = kc.Checksum()
+		sz += len(Checksum{})
+	}
+	IRKindEnd.encodeHeader(uint32(f)).put(kcBuf[:])
+
+	_, err = w.Write(kcBuf[:sz])
+	c.putIdentBuf(kcBuf)
+	return
+}
+
+// encodeAll implements EncodeAll by recursively encoding dependencies and
+// performs deduplication by value via the encoded map.
+func (c *Cache) encodeAll(
+	w io.Writer,
+	a Artifact,
+	encoded map[Artifact]struct{},
+) (err error) {
+	if _, ok := encoded[a]; ok {
+		return
+	}
+
+	for _, d := range a.Dependencies() {
+		if err = c.encodeAll(w, d, encoded); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	encoded[a] = struct{}{}
+	return c.Encode(w, a)
+}
+
+// EncodeAll writes a self-describing IR stream of a to w and returns the first
+// non-nil error encountered while writing to w.
+//
+// EncodeAll tries to avoid encoding the same [Artifact] more than once, however
+// it will fail to do so if they do not compare equal by value, as that will
+// require buffering and greatly reduce performance. It is therefore up to the
+// caller to avoid causing dependencies to be represented in a way such that
+// two equivalent artifacts do not compare equal. While an IR stream with
+// repeated artifacts is valid, it is somewhat inefficient, and the reference
+// [IRDecoder] implementation produces a warning for it.
+//
+// Note that while EncodeAll makes use of the ident free list, it does not use
+// the ident cache, nor does it contribute identifiers it computes back to the
+// ident cache. Because of this, multiple invocations of EncodeAll will have
+// similar cost and does not amortise when combined with a call to Cure.
+func (c *Cache) EncodeAll(w io.Writer, a Artifact) error {
+	return c.encodeAll(w, a, make(map[Artifact]struct{}))
+}
+
+// ErrRemainingIR is returned for a [IRReadFunc] that failed to call
+// [IRReader.Finalise] before returning.
+var ErrRemainingIR = errors.New("implementation did not consume final value")
+
+// DanglingIdentError is an identifier in a [IRKindIdent] value that was never
+// described in the IR stream before it was encountered.
+type DanglingIdentError unique.Handle[ID]
+
+func (e DanglingIdentError) Error() string {
+	return "artifact " + Encode(unique.Handle[ID](e).Value()) +
+		" was never described"
+}
+
+type (
+	// IRDecoder decodes [Artifact] from an IR stream. The stream is read to
+	// EOF and the final [Artifact] is returned. Previous artifacts may be
+	// looked up by their identifier.
+	//
+	// An [Artifact] may appear more than once in the same IR stream. A
+	// repeating [Artifact] generates a warning via [Cache] and will appear if
+	// verbose logging is enabled. Artifacts may only depend on artifacts
+	// previously described in the IR stream.
+	//
+	// IRDecoder rejects an IR stream on the first decoding error, it does not
+	// check against nonzero reserved ancillary data or incorrectly ordered or
+	// redundant unstructured dependencies. An invalid IR stream as such will
+	// yield [Artifact] values with identifiers disagreeing with those computed
+	// by IRDecoder. For this reason, IRDecoder does not access the ident cache
+	// to avoid putting [Cache] into an inconsistent state.
+	//
+	// Methods of IRDecoder are not safe for concurrent use.
+	IRDecoder struct {
+		// Address of underlying [Cache], must not be exposed directly.
+		c *Cache
+
+		// Underlying IR reader. Methods of [IRReader] must not use this as it
+		// bypasses ident measurement.
+		r io.Reader
+		// Artifacts already seen in the IR stream.
+		ident map[unique.Handle[ID]]Artifact
+
+		// Whether Decode returned, and the entire IR stream was decoded.
+		done, ok bool
+	}
+
+	// IRReader provides methods to decode the IR wire format and read values
+	// from the reader embedded in the underlying [IRDecoder]. It is
+	// deliberately impossible to obtain the [IRValueKind] of the next value,
+	// and callers must never recover from panics in any read method.
+	//
+	// It is the responsibility of the caller to call Finalise after all IR
+	// values have been read. Failure to call Finalise causes the resulting
+	// [Artifact] to be rejected with [ErrRemainingIR].
+	//
+	// For an [Artifact] expected to have dependencies, the caller must consume
+	// all dependencies by calling Next until all dependencies are depleted, or
+	// call DiscardAll to explicitly discard them and rely on values encoded as
+	// [IRKindIdent] instead. Failure to consume all unstructured dependencies
+	// causes the resulting [Artifact] to be rejected with [MissedDependencyError].
+	//
+	// Requesting the value of an unstructured dependency not yet described in
+	// the IR stream via Next, or reading an [IRKindIdent] value not part of
+	// unstructured dependencies via ReadIdent may cause the resulting
+	// [Artifact] to be rejected with [DanglingIdentError], however either
+	// method may return a non-nil [Artifact] implementation of unspecified
+	// value.
+	IRReader struct {
+		// Address of underlying [IRDecoder], should be zeroed or made unusable
+		// after finalisation and must not be exposed directly.
+		d *IRDecoder
+		// Common buffer for word-sized reads.
+		buf [wordSize]byte
+
+		// Dependencies sent before params, sorted by identifier. Resliced on
+		// each call to Next and checked to be depleted during Finalise.
+		deps []*extIdent
+
+		// Number of values already read, -1 denotes a finalised IRReader.
+		count int
+		// Header of value currently being read.
+		h irValueHeader
+
+		// Measured IR reader. All reads for the current [Artifact] must go
+		// through this to produce a correct ident.
+		r io.Reader
+		// Buffers measure writes. Flushed and returned to d during Finalise.
+		ibw *bufio.Writer
+	}
+
+	// IRReadFunc reads IR values written by [Artifact.Params] to produce an
+	// instance of [Artifact] identical to the one to produce these values.
+	IRReadFunc func(r *IRReader) Artifact
+)
+
+// kind returns the [IRValueKind] encoded in h.
+func (h irValueHeader) kind() IRValueKind {
+	return IRValueKind(h & irHeaderMask)
+}
+
+// value returns ancillary data encoded in h.
+func (h irValueHeader) value() uint32 {
+	return uint32(h >> irHeaderShift)
+}
+
+// irArtifact refers to artifact IR interpretation functions and must not be
+// written to directly.
+var irArtifact = make(map[Kind]IRReadFunc)
+
+// InvalidKindError is an unregistered [Kind] value.
+type InvalidKindError Kind
+
+func (e InvalidKindError) Error() string {
+	return "invalid artifact kind " + strconv.Itoa(int(e))
+}
+
+// register records the [IRReadFunc] of an implementation of [Artifact] under
+// the specified [Kind]. Expecting to be used only during initialization, it
+// panics if the mapping between [Kind] and [IRReadFunc] is not a bijection.
+//
+// register is not safe for concurrent use. register must not be called after
+// the first instance of [Cache] has been opened.
+func register(k Kind, f IRReadFunc) {
+	if _, ok := irArtifact[k]; ok {
+		panic("attempting to register " + strconv.Itoa(int(k)) + " twice")
+	}
+	irArtifact[k] = f
+}
+
+// Register records the [IRReadFunc] of a custom implementation of [Artifact]
+// under the specified [Kind]. Expecting to be used only during initialization,
+// it panics if the mapping between [Kind] and [IRReadFunc] is not a bijection,
+// or the specified [Kind] is below [KindCustomOffset].
+//
+// Register is not safe for concurrent use. Register must not be called after
+// the first instance of [Cache] has been opened.
+func Register(k Kind, f IRReadFunc) {
+	if k < KindCustomOffset {
+		panic("attempting to register within internal kind range")
+	}
+	register(k, f)
+}
+
+// NewDecoder returns a new [IRDecoder] that reads from the [io.Reader].
+func (c *Cache) NewDecoder(r io.Reader) *IRDecoder {
+	return &IRDecoder{c, r, make(map[unique.Handle[ID]]Artifact), false, false}
+}
+
+const (
+	// irMaxValues is the arbitrary maximum number of values allowed to be
+	// written by [Artifact.Params] and subsequently read via [IRReader].
+	irMaxValues = 1 << 12
+
+	// irMaxDeps is the arbitrary maximum number of direct dependencies allowed
+	// to be returned by [Artifact.Dependencies] and subsequently decoded by
+	// [IRDecoder].
+	irMaxDeps = 1 << 10
+)
+
+var (
+	// ErrIRValues is returned for an [Artifact] with too many parameter values.
+	ErrIRValues = errors.New("artifact has too many IR parameter values")
+
+	// ErrIRDepend is returned for an [Artifact] with too many dependencies.
+	ErrIRDepend = errors.New("artifact has too many dependencies")
+
+	// ErrAlreadyFinalised is returned when attempting to use an [IRReader] that
+	// has already been finalised.
+	ErrAlreadyFinalised = errors.New("reader has already finalised")
+)
+
+// enterReader panics with an appropriate error for an out-of-bounds count and
+// must be called at some point in any exported method.
+func (ir *IRReader) enterReader(read bool) {
+	if ir.count < 0 {
+		panic(ErrAlreadyFinalised)
+	}
+	if ir.count >= irMaxValues {
+		panic(ErrIRValues)
+	}
+
+	if read {
+		ir.count++
+	}
+}
+
+// IRKindError describes an attempt to read an IR value of unexpected kind.
+type IRKindError struct {
+	Got, Want IRValueKind
+	Ancillary uint32
+}
+
+func (e *IRKindError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf(
+		"got %s IR value (%#x) instead of %s",
+		e.Got, e.Ancillary, e.Want,
+	)
+}
+
+// readFull reads until either p is filled or an error is encountered.
+func (ir *IRReader) readFull(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
+	for n < len(p) && err == nil {
+		var nn int
+		nn, err = ir.r.Read(p[n:])
+		n += nn
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+// mustRead reads from the underlying measured reader and panics on error. If
+// an [io.EOF] is encountered and n != len(p), the error is promoted to a
+// [io.ErrUnexpectedEOF], if n == 0, [io.EOF] is kept as is, otherwise it is
+// zeroed.
+func (ir *IRReader) mustRead(p []byte) {
+	n, err := ir.readFull(p)
+	if err == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	if errors.Is(err, io.EOF) {
+		if n == len(p) {
+			return
+		}
+		err = io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
+	}
+	panic(err)
+}
+
+// mustReadHeader reads the next header via d and checks its kind.
+func (ir *IRReader) mustReadHeader(k IRValueKind) {
+	ir.mustRead(ir.buf[:])
+	ir.h = irValueHeader(binary.LittleEndian.Uint64(ir.buf[:]))
+	if wk := ir.h.kind(); wk != k {
+		panic(&IRKindError{wk, k, ir.h.value()})
+	}
+}
+
+// putAll returns all dependency buffers to the underlying [Cache].
+func (ir *IRReader) putAll() {
+	for _, buf := range ir.deps {
+		ir.d.c.putIdentBuf(buf)
+	}
+	ir.deps = nil
+}
+
+// DiscardAll discards all unstructured dependencies. This is useful to
+// implementations that encode dependencies as [IRKindIdent] which are read back
+// via ReadIdent.
+func (ir *IRReader) DiscardAll() {
+	if ir.deps == nil {
+		panic("attempting to discard dependencies twice")
+	}
+	ir.putAll()
+}
+
+// ErrDependencyDepleted is returned when attempting to advance to the next
+// unstructured dependency when there are none left.
+var ErrDependencyDepleted = errors.New("reading past end of dependencies")
+
+// Next returns the next unstructured dependency.
+func (ir *IRReader) Next() Artifact {
+	if len(ir.deps) == 0 {
+		panic(ErrDependencyDepleted)
+	}
+
+	id := unique.Make(ID(ir.deps[0][wordSize:]))
+	ir.d.c.putIdentBuf(ir.deps[0])
+	ir.deps = ir.deps[1:]
+
+	if a, ok := ir.d.ident[id]; !ok {
+		ir.putAll()
+		panic(DanglingIdentError(id))
+	} else {
+		return a
+	}
+}
+
+// MissedDependencyError is the number of unstructured dependencies remaining
+// in [IRReader] that was never requested or explicitly discarded before
+// finalisation.
+type MissedDependencyError int
+
+func (e MissedDependencyError) Error() string {
+	return "missed " + strconv.Itoa(int(e)) + " unstructured dependencies"
+}
+
+var (
+	// ErrUnexpectedChecksum is returned by a [IRReadFunc] that does not expect
+	// a checksum but received one in [IRKindEnd] anyway.
+	ErrUnexpectedChecksum = errors.New("checksum specified on unsupported artifact")
+	// ErrExpectedChecksum is returned by a [IRReadFunc] that expects a checksum
+	// but did not receive one in [IRKindEnd].
+	ErrExpectedChecksum = errors.New("checksum required but not specified")
+)
+
+// Finalise reads the final [IRKindEnd] value and marks r as finalised. Methods
+// of r are invalid upon entry into Finalise. If a [Checksum] is available via
+// [IREndKnownChecksum], its handle is returned and the caller must store its
+// value in the resulting [Artifact].
+func (ir *IRReader) Finalise() (checksum unique.Handle[Checksum], ok bool) {
+	ir.enterReader(true)
+	ir.count = -1
+
+	ir.mustReadHeader(IRKindEnd)
+	f := IREndFlag(ir.h.value())
+
+	if f&IREndKnownChecksum != 0 {
+		buf := ir.d.c.getIdentBuf()
+		defer ir.d.c.putIdentBuf(buf)
+
+		ir.mustRead(buf[wordSize:])
+		checksum = unique.Make(Checksum(buf[wordSize:]))
+		ok = true
+	}
+
+	if err := ir.ibw.Flush(); err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	ir.r, ir.ibw = nil, nil
+
+	if len(ir.deps) != 0 {
+		panic(MissedDependencyError(len(ir.deps)))
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+// ReadIdent reads the next value as [IRKindIdent].
+func (ir *IRReader) ReadIdent() Artifact {
+	ir.enterReader(true)
+	ir.mustReadHeader(IRKindIdent)
+
+	buf := ir.d.c.getIdentBuf()
+	defer ir.d.c.putIdentBuf(buf)
+
+	ir.mustRead(buf[wordSize:])
+	id := unique.Make(ID(buf[wordSize:]))
+
+	if a, ok := ir.d.ident[id]; !ok {
+		panic(DanglingIdentError(id))
+	} else {
+		return a
+	}
+}
+
+// ReadUint32 reads the next value as [IRKindUint32].
+func (ir *IRReader) ReadUint32() uint32 {
+	ir.enterReader(true)
+	ir.mustReadHeader(IRKindUint32)
+	return ir.h.value()
+}
+
+// ReadStringBytes reads the next value as [IRKindString] but returns it as a
+// byte slice instead.
+func (ir *IRReader) ReadStringBytes() []byte {
+	ir.enterReader(true)
+	ir.mustReadHeader(IRKindString)
+
+	sz := int(ir.h.value())
+	szWire := alignSize(sz)
+	if szWire > irMaxStringLength {
+		panic(IRStringError("\x00"))
+	}
+
+	p := make([]byte, szWire)
+	ir.mustRead(p)
+	return p[:sz]
+}
+
+// ReadString reads the next value as [IRKindString].
+func (ir *IRReader) ReadString() string {
+	p := ir.ReadStringBytes()
+	return unsafe.String(unsafe.SliceData(p), len(p))
+}
+
+// decode decodes the next [Artifact] in the IR stream and returns any buffer
+// originating from [Cache] before returning. decode returns [io.EOF] if and
+// only if the underlying [io.Reader] is already read to EOF.
+func (d *IRDecoder) decode() (a Artifact, err error) {
+	defer panicToError(&err)
+	var ir IRReader
+
+	defer func() { ir.d = nil }()
+	ir.d = d
+
+	h := sha512.New384()
+	ir.ibw = d.c.getWriter(h)
+	defer d.c.putWriter(ir.ibw)
+	ir.r = io.TeeReader(d.r, ir.ibw)
+
+	if n, _err := ir.readFull(ir.buf[:]); _err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(_err, io.EOF) {
+			if n != 0 {
+				_err = io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
+			}
+		}
+
+		err = _err
+		return
+	}
+	ak := Kind(binary.LittleEndian.Uint64(ir.buf[:]))
+	f, ok := irArtifact[ak]
+	if !ok {
+		err = InvalidKindError(ak)
+		return
+	}
+
+	defer ir.putAll()
+	ir.mustRead(ir.buf[:])
+	sz := binary.LittleEndian.Uint64(ir.buf[:])
+	if sz > irMaxDeps {
+		err = ErrIRDepend
+		return
+	}
+	ir.deps = make([]*extIdent, sz)
+	for i := range ir.deps {
+		ir.deps[i] = d.c.getIdentBuf()
+	}
+	for _, buf := range ir.deps {
+		ir.mustRead(buf[:])
+	}
+
+	a = f(&ir)
+	if a == nil {
+		err = syscall.ENOTRECOVERABLE
+		return
+	}
+
+	if ir.count != -1 {
+		err = ErrRemainingIR
+		return
+	}
+
+	buf := d.c.getIdentBuf()
+	h.Sum(buf[wordSize:wordSize])
+	id := unique.Make(ID(buf[wordSize:]))
+	d.c.putIdentBuf(buf)
+	if _, ok = d.ident[id]; !ok {
+		d.ident[id] = a
+	} else {
+		d.c.msg.Verbosef(
+			"artifact %s appeared more than once in IR stream",
+			Encode(id.Value()),
+		)
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+// Decode consumes the IR stream to EOF and returns the final [Artifact]. After
+// Decode returns, Lookup is available and Decode must not be called again.
+func (d *IRDecoder) Decode() (a Artifact, err error) {
+	if d.done {
+		panic("attempting to decode an IR stream twice")
+	}
+	defer func() { d.done = true }()
+
+	var cur Artifact
+next:
+	a, err = d.decode()
+
+	if err == nil {
+		cur = a
+		goto next
+	}
+
+	if errors.Is(err, io.EOF) {
+		a, err = cur, nil
+		d.ok = true
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+// Lookup looks up an [Artifact] described by the IR stream by its identifier.
+func (d *IRDecoder) Lookup(id unique.Handle[ID]) (a Artifact, ok bool) {
+	if !d.ok {
+		panic("attempting to look up artifact without full IR stream")
+	}
+	a, ok = d.ident[id]
+	return
+}

internal/pkg/ir_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+package pkg_test
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"io"
+	"reflect"
+	"testing"
+
+	"hakurei.app/container/check"
+	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
+)
+
+func TestIRRoundtrip(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	testCases := []struct {
+		name string
+		a    pkg.Artifact
+	}{
+		{"http get aligned", pkg.NewHTTPGet(
+			nil, "file:///testdata",
+			pkg.Checksum(bytes.Repeat([]byte{0xfd}, len(pkg.Checksum{}))),
+		)},
+		{"http get unaligned", pkg.NewHTTPGet(
+			nil, "https://hakurei.app",
+			pkg.Checksum(bytes.Repeat([]byte{0xfc}, len(pkg.Checksum{}))),
+		)},
+
+		{"http get tar", pkg.NewHTTPGetTar(
+			nil, "file:///testdata",
+			pkg.Checksum(bytes.Repeat([]byte{0xff}, len(pkg.Checksum{}))),
+			pkg.TarBzip2,
+		)},
+		{"http get tar unaligned", pkg.NewHTTPGetTar(
+			nil, "https://hakurei.app",
+			pkg.Checksum(bytes.Repeat([]byte{0xfe}, len(pkg.Checksum{}))),
+			pkg.TarUncompressed,
+		)},
+
+		{"exec offline", pkg.NewExec(
+			"exec-offline", nil, 0, false,
+			pkg.AbsWork,
+			[]string{"HAKUREI_TEST=1"},
+			check.MustAbs("/opt/bin/testtool"),
+			[]string{"testtool"},
+
+			pkg.MustPath("/file", false, pkg.NewFile("file", []byte(
+				"stub file",
+			))), pkg.MustPath("/.hakurei", false, pkg.NewHTTPGetTar(
+				nil, "file:///hakurei.tar",
+				pkg.Checksum(bytes.Repeat([]byte{0xfc}, len(pkg.Checksum{}))),
+				pkg.TarUncompressed,
+			)), pkg.MustPath("/opt", false, pkg.NewHTTPGetTar(
+				nil, "file:///testtool.tar.gz",
+				pkg.Checksum(bytes.Repeat([]byte{0xfc}, len(pkg.Checksum{}))),
+				pkg.TarGzip,
+			)),
+		)},
+
+		{"exec net", pkg.NewExec(
+			"exec-net",
+			(*pkg.Checksum)(bytes.Repeat([]byte{0xfc}, len(pkg.Checksum{}))),
+			0, false,
+			pkg.AbsWork,
+			[]string{"HAKUREI_TEST=1"},
+			check.MustAbs("/opt/bin/testtool"),
+			[]string{"testtool", "net"},
+
+			pkg.MustPath("/file", false, pkg.NewFile("file", []byte(
+				"stub file",
+			))), pkg.MustPath("/.hakurei", false, pkg.NewHTTPGetTar(
+				nil, "file:///hakurei.tar",
+				pkg.Checksum(bytes.Repeat([]byte{0xfc}, len(pkg.Checksum{}))),
+				pkg.TarUncompressed,
+			)), pkg.MustPath("/opt", false, pkg.NewHTTPGetTar(
+				nil, "file:///testtool.tar.gz",
+				pkg.Checksum(bytes.Repeat([]byte{0xfc}, len(pkg.Checksum{}))),
+				pkg.TarGzip,
+			)),
+		)},
+
+		{"file anonymous", pkg.NewFile("", []byte{0})},
+		{"file", pkg.NewFile("stub", []byte("stub"))},
+	}
+	testCasesCache := make([]cacheTestCase, len(testCases))
+	for i, tc := range testCases {
+		want := tc.a
+		testCasesCache[i] = cacheTestCase{tc.name, nil,
+			func(t *testing.T, base *check.Absolute, c *pkg.Cache) {
+				r, w := io.Pipe()
+
+				done := make(chan error, 1)
+				go func() {
+					t.Helper()
+					done <- c.EncodeAll(w, want)
+					_ = w.Close()
+				}()
+
+				if got, err := c.NewDecoder(r).Decode(); err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("Decode: error = %v", err)
+				} else if !reflect.DeepEqual(got, want) {
+					t.Fatalf("Decode: %#v, want %#v", got, want)
+				}
+
+				if err := <-done; err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("EncodeAll: error = %v", err)
+				}
+			}, pkg.MustDecode(
+				"E4vEZKhCcL2gPZ2Tt59FS3lDng-d_2SKa2i5G_RbDfwGn6EemptFaGLPUDiOa94C",
+			),
+		}
+	}
+	checkWithCache(t, testCasesCache)
+}

internal/pkg/net.go

@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@ type httpArtifact struct {
 	// closing the [io.ReadCloser] returned by Cure.
 	checksum unique.Handle[Checksum]
 
-	// doFunc is the Do method of [http.Client] supplied by the caller.
+	// client is the address of the caller-supplied [http.Client].
-	doFunc func(req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error)
+	client *http.Client
 }
 
 var _ KnownChecksum = new(httpArtifact)
@@ -33,10 +33,7 @@ func NewHTTPGet(
 	url string,
 	checksum Checksum,
 ) FileArtifact {
-	if c == nil {
+	return &httpArtifact{url: url, checksum: unique.Make(checksum), client: c}
-		c = http.DefaultClient
-	}
-	return &httpArtifact{url: url, checksum: unique.Make(checksum), doFunc: c.Do}
 }
 
 // Kind returns the hardcoded [Kind] constant.
@@ -44,8 +41,17 @@ func (*httpArtifact) Kind() Kind { return KindHTTPGet }
 
 // Params writes the backing url string. Client is not represented as it does
 // not affect [Cache.Cure] outcome.
-func (a *httpArtifact) Params(ctx *IContext) {
+func (a *httpArtifact) Params(ctx *IContext) { ctx.WriteString(a.url) }
-	ctx.GetHash().Write([]byte(a.url))
+
+func init() {
+	register(KindHTTPGet, func(r *IRReader) Artifact {
+		url := r.ReadString()
+		checksum, ok := r.Finalise()
+		if !ok {
+			panic(ErrExpectedChecksum)
+		}
+		return NewHTTPGet(nil, url, checksum.Value())
+	})
 }
 
 // Dependencies returns a nil slice.
@@ -78,9 +84,15 @@ func (a *httpArtifact) Cure(r *RContext) (rc io.ReadCloser, err error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "Hakurei/1.1")
+
+	c := a.client
+	if c == nil {
+		c = http.DefaultClient
+	}
 
 	var resp *http.Response
-	if resp, err = a.doFunc(req); err != nil {
+	if resp, err = c.Do(req); err != nil {
 		return
 	}
 

internal/pkg/net_test.go

@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ func TestHTTPGet(t *testing.T) {
 			)
 			wantPathname := base.Append(
 				"identifier",
-				"NqVORkT6L9HX6Za7kT2zcibY10qFqBaxEjPiYFrBQX-ZFr3yxCzJxbKOP0zVjeWb",
+				"oM-2pUlk-mOxK1t3aMWZer69UdOQlAXiAgMrpZ1476VoOqpYVP1aGFS9_HYy-D8_",
 			)
 			if pathname, checksum, err := c.Cure(f); err != nil {
 				t.Fatalf("Cure: error = %v", err)
@@ -156,6 +156,6 @@ func TestHTTPGet(t *testing.T) {
 			if _, _, err := c.Cure(f); !reflect.DeepEqual(err, wantErrNotFound) {
 				t.Fatalf("Pathname: error = %#v, want %#v", err, wantErrNotFound)
 			}
-		}, pkg.MustDecode("bqtn69RkV5E7V7GhhgCFjcvbxmaqrO8DywamM4Tyjf10F6EJBHjXiIa_tFRtF4iN")},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("L_0RFHpr9JUS4Zp14rz2dESSRvfLzpvqsLhR1-YjQt8hYlmEdVl7vI3_-v8UNPKs")},
 	})
 }

internal/pkg/pkg.go

@@ -28,15 +28,21 @@ import (
 	"unsafe"
 
 	"hakurei.app/container/check"
+	"hakurei.app/internal/info"
 	"hakurei.app/internal/lockedfile"
 	"hakurei.app/message"
 )
 
+const (
+	// programName is the string identifying this build system.
+	programName = "internal/pkg"
+)
+
 type (
 	// A Checksum is a SHA-384 checksum computed for a cured [Artifact].
 	Checksum = [sha512.Size384]byte
 
-	// An ID is a unique identifier returned by [Artifact.ID]. This value must
+	// An ID is a unique identifier returned by [KnownIdent.ID]. This value must
 	// be deterministically determined ahead of time.
 	ID Checksum
 )
@@ -65,33 +71,11 @@ func MustDecode(s string) (checksum Checksum) {
 	return
 }
 
-// IContext is passed to [Artifact.Params] and provides identifier information
+// common holds elements and receives methods shared between different contexts.
-// and the target [hash.Hash] for writing params into.
+type common struct {
-//
-// Methods of IContext are safe for concurrent use. IContext is valid
-// until [Artifact.Params] returns.
-type IContext struct {
 	// Address of underlying [Cache], should be zeroed or made unusable after
-	// [Artifact.Params] returns and must not be exposed directly.
+	// Cure returns and must not be exposed directly.
 	cache *Cache
-	// Made available for writing, should be zeroed after [Artifact.Params]
-	// returns. Internal state must not be inspected.
-	h hash.Hash
-}
-
-// Unwrap returns the underlying [context.Context].
-func (i *IContext) Unwrap() context.Context { return i.cache.ctx }
-
-// GetHash returns the underlying [hash.Hash] for writing. Callers must not
-// attempt to inspect its internal state.
-func (i *IContext) GetHash() hash.Hash { return i.h }
-
-// WriteIdent writes the identifier of [Artifact] to the underlying [hash.Hash].
-func (i *IContext) WriteIdent(a Artifact) {
-	buf := i.cache.getIdentBuf()
-	*(*ID)(buf[wordSize:]) = i.cache.Ident(a).Value()
-	i.h.Write(buf[wordSize:])
-	i.cache.putIdentBuf(buf)
 }
 
 // TContext is passed to [TrivialArtifact.Cure] and provides information and
@@ -100,12 +84,62 @@ func (i *IContext) WriteIdent(a Artifact) {
 // Methods of TContext are safe for concurrent use. TContext is valid
 // until [TrivialArtifact.Cure] returns.
 type TContext struct {
-	// Address of underlying [Cache], should be zeroed or made unusable after
-	// [TrivialArtifact.Cure] returns and must not be exposed directly.
-	cache *Cache
-
 	// Populated during [Cache.Cure].
 	work, temp *check.Absolute
+
+	// Target [Artifact] encoded identifier.
+	ids string
+	// Pathname status was created at.
+	statusPath *check.Absolute
+	// File statusHeader and logs are written to.
+	status *os.File
+	// Error value during prepareStatus.
+	statusErr error
+
+	common
+}
+
+// statusHeader is the header written to all status files in dirStatus.
+var statusHeader = func() string {
+	s := programName
+	if v := info.Version(); v != info.FallbackVersion {
+		s += " " + v
+	}
+	s += " (" + runtime.GOARCH + ")"
+	if name, err := os.Hostname(); err == nil {
+		s += " on " + name
+	}
+	s += "\n\n"
+	return s
+}()
+
+// prepareStatus initialises the status file once.
+func (t *TContext) prepareStatus() error {
+	if t.statusPath != nil || t.status != nil {
+		return t.statusErr
+	}
+
+	t.statusPath = t.cache.base.Append(
+		dirStatus,
+		t.ids,
+	)
+	if t.status, t.statusErr = os.OpenFile(
+		t.statusPath.String(),
+		syscall.O_CREAT|syscall.O_EXCL|syscall.O_WRONLY,
+		0400,
+	); t.statusErr != nil {
+		return t.statusErr
+	}
+
+	_, t.statusErr = t.status.WriteString(statusHeader)
+	return t.statusErr
+}
+
+// GetStatusWriter returns a [io.Writer] for build logs. The caller must not
+// seek this writer before the position it was first returned in.
+func (t *TContext) GetStatusWriter() (io.Writer, error) {
+	err := t.prepareStatus()
+	return t.status, err
 }
 
 // destroy destroys the temporary directory and joins its errors with the error
@@ -113,12 +147,15 @@ type TContext struct {
 // directory is removed similarly. [Cache] is responsible for making sure work
 // is never left behind for a successful [Cache.Cure].
 //
+// If implementation had requested status, it is closed with error joined with
+// the error referred to by errP. If the error referred to by errP is non-nil,
+// the status file is removed from the filesystem.
+//
 // destroy must be deferred by [Cache.Cure] if [TContext] is passed to any Cure
 // implementation. It should not be called prior to that point.
 func (t *TContext) destroy(errP *error) {
 	if chmodErr, removeErr := removeAll(t.temp); chmodErr != nil || removeErr != nil {
 		*errP = errors.Join(*errP, chmodErr, removeErr)
-		return
 	}
 
 	if *errP != nil {
@@ -126,17 +163,31 @@ func (t *TContext) destroy(errP *error) {
 		if chmodErr != nil || removeErr != nil {
 			*errP = errors.Join(*errP, chmodErr, removeErr)
 		} else if errors.Is(*errP, os.ErrExist) {
+			var linkError *os.LinkError
+			if errors.As(*errP, &linkError) && linkError != nil &&
+				linkError.Op == "rename" {
 				// two artifacts may be backed by the same file
 				*errP = nil
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
+	if t.status != nil {
+		if err := t.status.Close(); err != nil {
+			*errP = errors.Join(*errP, err)
+		}
+		if *errP != nil {
+			*errP = errors.Join(*errP, os.Remove(t.statusPath.String()))
+		}
+		t.status = nil
+	}
+}
+
 // Unwrap returns the underlying [context.Context].
-func (t *TContext) Unwrap() context.Context { return t.cache.ctx }
+func (c *common) Unwrap() context.Context { return c.cache.ctx }
 
 // GetMessage returns [message.Msg] held by the underlying [Cache].
-func (t *TContext) GetMessage() message.Msg { return t.cache.msg }
+func (c *common) GetMessage() message.Msg { return c.cache.msg }
 
 // GetWorkDir returns a pathname to a directory which [Artifact] is expected to
 // write its output to. This is not the final resting place of the [Artifact]
@@ -155,13 +206,13 @@ func (t *TContext) GetTempDir() *check.Absolute { return t.temp }
 // If err is nil, the caller must close the resulting [io.ReadCloser] and return
 // its error, if any. Failure to read r to EOF may result in a spurious
 // [ChecksumMismatchError], or the underlying implementation may block on Close.
-func (t *TContext) Open(a Artifact) (r io.ReadCloser, err error) {
+func (c *common) Open(a Artifact) (r io.ReadCloser, err error) {
 	if f, ok := a.(FileArtifact); ok {
-		return t.cache.openFile(f)
+		return c.cache.openFile(f)
 	}
 
 	var pathname *check.Absolute
-	if pathname, _, err = t.cache.Cure(a); err != nil {
+	if pathname, _, err = c.cache.Cure(a); err != nil {
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -193,7 +244,7 @@ type FContext struct {
 }
 
 // InvalidLookupError is the identifier of non-dependency [Artifact] looked up
-// via [FContext.Pathname] by a misbehaving [Artifact] implementation.
+// via [FContext.GetArtifact] by a misbehaving [Artifact] implementation.
 type InvalidLookupError ID
 
 func (e InvalidLookupError) Error() string {
@@ -220,14 +271,7 @@ func (f *FContext) GetArtifact(a Artifact) (
 //
 // Methods of RContext are safe for concurrent use. RContext is valid
 // until [FileArtifact.Cure] returns.
-type RContext struct {
+type RContext struct{ common }
-	// Address of underlying [Cache], should be zeroed or made unusable after
-	// [FileArtifact.Cure] returns and must not be exposed directly.
-	cache *Cache
-}
-
-// Unwrap returns the underlying [context.Context].
-func (r *RContext) Unwrap() context.Context { return r.cache.ctx }
 
 // An Artifact is a read-only reference to a piece of data that may be created
 // deterministically but might not currently be available in memory or on the
@@ -238,10 +282,12 @@ type Artifact interface {
 	// [Artifact] is allowed to return the same [Kind] value.
 	Kind() Kind
 
-	// Params writes opaque bytes that describes [Artifact]. Implementations
+	// Params writes deterministic values describing [Artifact]. Implementations
 	// must guarantee that these values are unique among differing instances
-	// of the same implementation with the same dependencies. Callers must not
+	// of the same implementation with identical dependencies and conveys enough
-	// attempt to interpret these params.
+	// information to create another instance of [Artifact] identical to the
+	// instance emitting these values. The new instance created via [IRReadFunc]
+	// from these values must then produce identical IR values.
 	//
 	// Result must remain identical across multiple invocations.
 	Params(ctx *IContext)
@@ -404,6 +450,9 @@ const (
 	// dirChecksum is the directory name appended to Cache.base for storing
 	// artifacts named after their [Checksum].
 	dirChecksum = "checksum"
+	// dirStatus is the directory name appended to Cache.base for storing
+	// artifact metadata and logs named after their [ID].
+	dirStatus = "status"
 
 	// dirWork is the directory name appended to Cache.base for working
 	// pathnames set up during [Cache.Cure].
@@ -493,7 +542,7 @@ type Cache struct {
 	// Synchronises entry into exclusive artifacts for the cure method.
 	exclMu sync.Mutex
 	// Buffered I/O free list, must not be accessed directly.
-	bufioPool sync.Pool
+	brPool, bwPool sync.Pool
 
 	// Unlocks the on-filesystem cache. Must only be called from Close.
 	unlock func()
@@ -564,42 +613,37 @@ func (c *Cache) unsafeIdent(a Artifact, encodeKind bool) (
 		return
 	}
 
-	deps := a.Dependencies()
-	idents := make([]*extIdent, len(deps))
-	for i, d := range deps {
-		dbuf, did := c.unsafeIdent(d, true)
-		if dbuf == nil {
-			dbuf = c.getIdentBuf()
-			binary.LittleEndian.PutUint64(dbuf[:], uint64(d.Kind()))
-			*(*ID)(dbuf[wordSize:]) = did.Value()
-		} else {
-			c.storeIdent(d, dbuf)
-		}
-		defer c.putIdentBuf(dbuf)
-		idents[i] = dbuf
-	}
-	slices.SortFunc(idents, func(a, b *extIdent) int {
-		return bytes.Compare(a[:], b[:])
-	})
-	idents = slices.CompactFunc(idents, func(a, b *extIdent) bool {
-		return *a == *b
-	})
-
 	buf = c.getIdentBuf()
 	h := sha512.New384()
-	binary.LittleEndian.PutUint64(buf[:], uint64(a.Kind()))
+	if err := c.Encode(h, a); err != nil {
-	h.Write(buf[:wordSize])
+		// unreachable
-	i := IContext{c, h}
+		panic(err)
-	a.Params(&i)
-	i.cache, i.h = nil, nil
-	for _, dn := range idents {
-		h.Write(dn[:])
 	}
-
+	binary.LittleEndian.PutUint64(buf[:], uint64(a.Kind()))
 	h.Sum(buf[wordSize:wordSize])
 	return
 }
 
+// getReader is like [bufio.NewReader] but for brPool.
+func (c *Cache) getReader(r io.Reader) *bufio.Reader {
+	br := c.brPool.Get().(*bufio.Reader)
+	br.Reset(r)
+	return br
+}
+
+// putReader adds br to brPool.
+func (c *Cache) putReader(br *bufio.Reader) { c.brPool.Put(br) }
+
+// getWriter is like [bufio.NewWriter] but for bwPool.
+func (c *Cache) getWriter(w io.Writer) *bufio.Writer {
+	bw := c.bwPool.Get().(*bufio.Writer)
+	bw.Reset(w)
+	return bw
+}
+
+// putWriter adds bw to bwPool.
+func (c *Cache) putWriter(bw *bufio.Writer) { c.bwPool.Put(bw) }
+
 // A ChecksumMismatchError describes an [Artifact] with unexpected content.
 type ChecksumMismatchError struct {
 	// Actual and expected checksums.
@@ -621,6 +665,9 @@ type ScrubError struct {
 	// Dangling identifier symlinks. This can happen if the content-addressed
 	// entry was removed while scrubbing due to a checksum mismatch.
 	DanglingIdentifiers []ID
+	// Dangling status files. This can happen if a dangling status symlink was
+	// removed while scrubbing.
+	DanglingStatus []ID
 	// Miscellaneous errors, including [os.ReadDir] on checksum and identifier
 	// directories, [Decode] on entry names and [os.RemoveAll] on inconsistent
 	// entries.
@@ -672,6 +719,13 @@ func (e *ScrubError) Error() string {
 		}
 		segments = append(segments, s)
 	}
+	if len(e.DanglingStatus) > 0 {
+		s := "dangling status:\n"
+		for _, id := range e.DanglingStatus {
+			s += Encode(id) + "\n"
+		}
+		segments = append(segments, s)
+	}
 	if len(e.Errs) > 0 {
 		s := "errors during scrub:\n"
 		for pathname, errs := range e.errs {
@@ -850,6 +904,36 @@ func (c *Cache) Scrub(checks int) error {
 		wg.Wait()
 	}
 
+	dir = c.base.Append(dirStatus)
+	if entries, readdirErr := os.ReadDir(dir.String()); readdirErr != nil {
+		if !errors.Is(readdirErr, os.ErrNotExist) {
+			addErr(dir, readdirErr)
+		}
+	} else {
+		wg.Add(len(entries))
+		for _, ent := range entries {
+			w <- checkEntry{ent, func(ent os.DirEntry, want *Checksum) bool {
+				got := p.Get().(*Checksum)
+				defer p.Put(got)
+
+				if _, err := os.Stat(c.base.Append(
+					dirIdentifier,
+					ent.Name(),
+				).String()); err != nil {
+					if !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+						addErr(dir.Append(ent.Name()), err)
+					}
+					seMu.Lock()
+					se.DanglingStatus = append(se.DanglingStatus, *want)
+					seMu.Unlock()
+					return false
+				}
+				return true
+			}}
+		}
+		wg.Wait()
+	}
+
 	if len(c.identPending) > 0 {
 		addErr(c.base, errors.New(
 			"scrub began with pending artifacts",
@@ -880,6 +964,7 @@ func (c *Cache) Scrub(checks int) error {
 
 	if len(se.ChecksumMismatches) > 0 ||
 		len(se.DanglingIdentifiers) > 0 ||
+		len(se.DanglingStatus) > 0 ||
 		len(se.Errs) > 0 {
 		slices.SortFunc(se.ChecksumMismatches, func(a, b ChecksumMismatchError) int {
 			return bytes.Compare(a.Want[:], b.Want[:])
@@ -887,6 +972,9 @@ func (c *Cache) Scrub(checks int) error {
 		slices.SortFunc(se.DanglingIdentifiers, func(a, b ID) int {
 			return bytes.Compare(a[:], b[:])
 		})
+		slices.SortFunc(se.DanglingStatus, func(a, b ID) int {
+			return bytes.Compare(a[:], b[:])
+		})
 		return &se
 	} else {
 		return nil
@@ -977,22 +1065,24 @@ func (c *Cache) openFile(f FileArtifact) (r io.ReadCloser, err error) {
 		if !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
 			return
 		}
+		id := c.Ident(f)
 		if c.msg.IsVerbose() {
-			rn := reportName(f, c.Ident(f))
+			rn := reportName(f, id)
-			c.msg.Verbosef("curing %s to memory...", rn)
+			c.msg.Verbosef("curing %s in memory...", rn)
 			defer func() {
 				if err == nil {
-					c.msg.Verbosef("cured %s to memory", rn)
+					c.msg.Verbosef("opened %s for reading", rn)
 				}
 			}()
 		}
-		return f.Cure(&RContext{c})
+		return f.Cure(&RContext{common{c}})
 	}
 	return
 }
 
-// InvalidFileModeError describes an [Artifact.Cure] that did not result in
+// InvalidFileModeError describes a [FloodArtifact.Cure] or
-// a regular file or directory located at the work pathname.
+// [TrivialArtifact.Cure] that did not result in a regular file or directory
+// located at the work pathname.
 type InvalidFileModeError fs.FileMode
 
 // Error returns a constant string.
@@ -1000,8 +1090,8 @@ func (e InvalidFileModeError) Error() string {
 	return "artifact did not produce a regular file or directory"
 }
 
-// NoOutputError describes an [Artifact.Cure] that did not populate its
+// NoOutputError describes a [FloodArtifact.Cure] or [TrivialArtifact.Cure]
-// work pathname despite completing successfully.
+// that did not populate its work pathname despite completing successfully.
 type NoOutputError struct{}
 
 // Unwrap returns [os.ErrNotExist].
@@ -1179,39 +1269,41 @@ func (e *CureError) Error() string { return e.Err.Error() }
 // A DependencyCureError wraps errors returned while curing dependencies.
 type DependencyCureError []*CureError
 
-// sort sorts underlying errors by their identifier.
+// unwrapM recursively expands underlying errors into a caller-supplied map.
-func (e *DependencyCureError) sort() {
+func (e *DependencyCureError) unwrapM(me map[unique.Handle[ID]]*CureError) {
-	var identBuf [2]ID
+	for _, err := range *e {
-	slices.SortFunc(*e, func(a, b *CureError) int {
+		if _, ok := me[err.Ident]; ok {
-		identBuf[0], identBuf[1] = a.Ident.Value(), b.Ident.Value()
+			continue
-		return slices.Compare(identBuf[0][:], identBuf[1][:])
+		}
-	})
+		if _e, ok := err.Err.(*DependencyCureError); ok {
+			_e.unwrapM(me)
+			continue
+		}
+		me[err.Ident] = err
+	}
 }
 
 // unwrap recursively expands and deduplicates underlying errors.
 func (e *DependencyCureError) unwrap() DependencyCureError {
-	errs := make(DependencyCureError, 0, len(*e))
+	me := make(map[unique.Handle[ID]]*CureError)
-	for _, err := range *e {
+	e.unwrapM(me)
-		if _e, ok := err.Err.(*DependencyCureError); ok {
+	errs := slices.AppendSeq(
-			errs = append(errs, _e.unwrap()...)
-			continue
-		}
-		errs = append(errs, err)
-	}
-	me := make(map[unique.Handle[ID]]*CureError, len(errs))
-	for _, err := range errs {
-		me[err.Ident] = err
-	}
-	return slices.AppendSeq(
 		make(DependencyCureError, 0, len(me)),
 		maps.Values(me),
 	)
+
+	var identBuf [2]ID
+	slices.SortFunc(errs, func(a, b *CureError) int {
+		identBuf[0], identBuf[1] = a.Ident.Value(), b.Ident.Value()
+		return slices.Compare(identBuf[0][:], identBuf[1][:])
+	})
+
+	return errs
 }
 
 // Unwrap returns a deduplicated slice of underlying errors.
 func (e *DependencyCureError) Unwrap() []error {
 	errs := e.unwrap()
-	errs.sort()
 	_errs := make([]error, len(errs))
 	for i, err := range errs {
 		_errs[i] = err
@@ -1222,7 +1314,6 @@ func (e *DependencyCureError) Unwrap() []error {
 // Error returns a user-facing multiline error message.
 func (e *DependencyCureError) Error() string {
 	errs := e.unwrap()
-	errs.sort()
 	if len(errs) == 0 {
 		return "invalid dependency cure outcome"
 	}
@@ -1267,13 +1358,6 @@ func (c *Cache) exitCure(a Artifact, curesExempt bool) {
 	<-c.cures
 }
 
-// getWriter is like [bufio.NewWriter] but for bufioPool.
-func (c *Cache) getWriter(w io.Writer) *bufio.Writer {
-	bw := c.bufioPool.Get().(*bufio.Writer)
-	bw.Reset(w)
-	return bw
-}
-
 // measuredReader implements [io.ReadCloser] and measures the checksum during
 // Close. If the underlying reader is not read to EOF, Close blocks until all
 // remaining data is consumed and validated.
@@ -1356,9 +1440,6 @@ func (r *RContext) NewMeasuredReader(
 	return r.cache.newMeasuredReader(rc, checksum)
 }
 
-// putWriter adds bw to bufioPool.
-func (c *Cache) putWriter(bw *bufio.Writer) { c.bufioPool.Put(bw) }
-
 // cure implements Cure without checking the full dependency graph.
 func (c *Cache) cure(a Artifact, curesExempt bool) (
 	pathname *check.Absolute,
@@ -1490,7 +1571,7 @@ func (c *Cache) cure(a Artifact, curesExempt bool) (
 		if err = c.enterCure(a, curesExempt); err != nil {
 			return
 		}
-		r, err = f.Cure(&RContext{c})
+		r, err = f.Cure(&RContext{common{c}})
 		if err == nil {
 			if checksumPathname == nil || c.IsStrict() {
 				h := sha512.New384()
@@ -1566,7 +1647,12 @@ func (c *Cache) cure(a Artifact, curesExempt bool) (
 		return
 	}
 
-	t := TContext{c, c.base.Append(dirWork, ids), c.base.Append(dirTemp, ids)}
+	t := TContext{
+		c.base.Append(dirWork, ids),
+		c.base.Append(dirTemp, ids),
+		ids, nil, nil, nil,
+		common{c},
+	}
 	switch ca := a.(type) {
 	case TrivialArtifact:
 		defer t.destroy(&err)
@@ -1704,6 +1790,18 @@ func (pending *pendingArtifactDep) cure(c *Cache) {
 	pending.errsMu.Unlock()
 }
 
+// OpenStatus attempts to open the status file associated to an [Artifact]. If
+// err is nil, the caller must close the resulting reader.
+func (c *Cache) OpenStatus(a Artifact) (r io.ReadSeekCloser, err error) {
+	c.identMu.RLock()
+	r, err = os.Open(c.base.Append(
+		dirStatus,
+		Encode(c.Ident(a).Value())).String(),
+	)
+	c.identMu.RUnlock()
+	return
+}
+
 // Close cancels all pending cures and waits for them to clean up.
 func (c *Cache) Close() {
 	c.closeOnce.Do(func() {
@@ -1752,6 +1850,7 @@ func open(
 	for _, name := range []string{
 		dirIdentifier,
 		dirChecksum,
+		dirStatus,
 		dirWork,
 	} {
 		if err := os.MkdirAll(base.Append(name).String(), 0700); err != nil &&
@@ -1766,13 +1865,16 @@ func open(
 		msg:  msg,
 		base: base,
 
+		identPool: sync.Pool{New: func() any { return new(extIdent) }},
+
 		ident:        make(map[unique.Handle[ID]]unique.Handle[Checksum]),
 		identErr:     make(map[unique.Handle[ID]]error),
 		identPending: make(map[unique.Handle[ID]]<-chan struct{}),
+
+		brPool: sync.Pool{New: func() any { return new(bufio.Reader) }},
+		bwPool: sync.Pool{New: func() any { return new(bufio.Writer) }},
 	}
 	c.ctx, c.cancel = context.WithCancel(ctx)
-	c.identPool.New = func() any { return new(extIdent) }
-	c.bufioPool.New = func() any { return new(bufio.Writer) }
 
 	if lock || !testing.Testing() {
 		if unlock, err := lockedfile.MutexAt(

internal/pkg/pkg_test.go

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"reflect"
+	"strconv"
 	"syscall"
 	"testing"
 	"unique"
@@ -93,7 +94,7 @@ type stubArtifact struct {
 }
 
 func (a *stubArtifact) Kind() pkg.Kind               { return a.kind }
-func (a *stubArtifact) Params(ctx *pkg.IContext)     { ctx.GetHash().Write(a.params) }
+func (a *stubArtifact) Params(ctx *pkg.IContext)     { ctx.Write(a.params) }
 func (a *stubArtifact) Dependencies() []pkg.Artifact { return a.deps }
 func (a *stubArtifact) Cure(t *pkg.TContext) error   { return a.cure(t) }
 func (*stubArtifact) IsExclusive() bool              { return false }
@@ -109,7 +110,7 @@ type stubArtifactF struct {
 }
 
 func (a *stubArtifactF) Kind() pkg.Kind               { return a.kind }
-func (a *stubArtifactF) Params(ctx *pkg.IContext)     { ctx.GetHash().Write(a.params) }
+func (a *stubArtifactF) Params(ctx *pkg.IContext)     { ctx.Write(a.params) }
 func (a *stubArtifactF) Dependencies() []pkg.Artifact { return a.deps }
 func (a *stubArtifactF) Cure(f *pkg.FContext) error   { return a.cure(f) }
 func (a *stubArtifactF) IsExclusive() bool            { return a.excl }
@@ -218,7 +219,7 @@ func TestIdent(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			nil,
 		}, unique.Make[pkg.ID](pkg.MustDecode(
-			"HnySzeLQvSBZuTUcvfmLEX_OmH4yJWWH788NxuLuv7kVn8_uPM6Ks4rqFWM2NZJY",
+			"WKErnjTOVbuH2P9a0gM4OcAAO4p-CoX2HQu7CbZrg8ZOzApvWoO3-ISzPw6av_rN",
 		))},
 	}
 
@@ -313,6 +314,11 @@ func checkWithCache(t *testing.T, testCases []cacheTestCase) {
 				t.Fatal(err)
 			}
 
+			// destroy non-deterministic status files
+			if err := os.RemoveAll(base.Append("status").String()); err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
 			var checksum pkg.Checksum
 			if err := pkg.HashDir(&checksum, base); err != nil {
 				t.Fatalf("HashDir: error = %v", err)
@@ -381,6 +387,9 @@ func cureMany(t *testing.T, c *pkg.Cache, steps []cureStep) {
 		} else if step.pathname != ignorePathname && !pathname.Is(step.pathname) {
 			t.Fatalf("Cure: pathname = %q, want %q", pathname, step.pathname)
 		} else if checksum != makeChecksumH(step.checksum) {
+			if checksum == (unique.Handle[pkg.Checksum]{}) {
+				checksum = unique.Make(pkg.Checksum{})
+			}
 			t.Fatalf(
 				"Cure: checksum = %s, want %s",
 				pkg.Encode(checksum.Value()), pkg.Encode(step.checksum),
@@ -531,7 +540,7 @@ func TestCache(t *testing.T) {
 					kind:   pkg.KindExec,
 					params: []byte("artifact overridden to be incomplete"),
 				}}, nil, pkg.Checksum{}, pkg.InvalidArtifactError(pkg.MustDecode(
-					"da4kLKa94g1wN2M0qcKflqgf2-Y2UL36iehhczqsIIW8G0LGvM7S8jjtnBc0ftB0",
+					"E__uZ1sLIvb84vzSm5Uezb03RogsiaeTt1nfIVv8TKnnf4LqwtSi-smdHhlkZrUJ",
 				))},
 
 				{"error passthrough", newStubFile(
@@ -953,6 +962,17 @@ func TestErrors(t *testing.T) {
 		{"NoOutputError", pkg.NoOutputError{
 			// empty struct
 		}, "artifact cured successfully but did not produce any output"},
+
+		{"IRKindError", &pkg.IRKindError{
+			Got:       pkg.IRKindEnd,
+			Want:      pkg.IRKindIdent,
+			Ancillary: 0xcafebabe,
+		}, "got terminator IR value (0xcafebabe) instead of ident"},
+		{"IRKindError invalid", &pkg.IRKindError{
+			Got:       0xbeef,
+			Want:      pkg.IRKindIdent,
+			Ancillary: 0xcafe,
+		}, "got invalid kind 48879 IR value (0xcafe) instead of ident"},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
@@ -1137,6 +1157,40 @@ func TestDependencyCureError(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// earlyFailureF is a [FloodArtifact] with a large dependency graph resulting in
+// a large [DependencyCureError].
+type earlyFailureF int
+
+func (earlyFailureF) Kind() pkg.Kind       { return pkg.KindExec }
+func (earlyFailureF) Params(*pkg.IContext) {}
+func (earlyFailureF) IsExclusive() bool    { return false }
+
+func (a earlyFailureF) Dependencies() []pkg.Artifact {
+	deps := make([]pkg.Artifact, a)
+	for i := range deps {
+		deps[i] = a - 1
+	}
+	return deps
+}
+
+func (a earlyFailureF) Cure(*pkg.FContext) error {
+	if a != 0 {
+		panic("unexpected cure on " + strconv.Itoa(int(a)))
+	}
+	return stub.UniqueError(0xcafe)
+}
+
+func TestDependencyCureErrorEarly(t *testing.T) {
+	checkWithCache(t, []cacheTestCase{
+		{"early", nil, func(t *testing.T, _ *check.Absolute, c *pkg.Cache) {
+			_, _, err := c.Cure(earlyFailureF(8))
+			if !errors.Is(err, stub.UniqueError(0xcafe)) {
+				t.Fatalf("Cure: error = %v", err)
+			}
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("E4vEZKhCcL2gPZ2Tt59FS3lDng-d_2SKa2i5G_RbDfwGn6EemptFaGLPUDiOa94C")},
+	})
+}
+
 func TestNew(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 

internal/pkg/tar.go

@@ -4,15 +4,13 @@ import (
 	"archive/tar"
 	"compress/bzip2"
 	"compress/gzip"
-	"encoding/binary"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"io/fs"
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
-
+	"path"
-	"hakurei.app/container/check"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -29,7 +27,7 @@ type tarArtifact struct {
 	// Caller-supplied backing tarball.
 	f Artifact
 	// Compression on top of the tarball.
-	compression uint64
+	compression uint32
 }
 
 // tarArtifactNamed embeds tarArtifact for a [fmt.Stringer] tarball.
@@ -47,7 +45,7 @@ func (a *tarArtifactNamed) String() string { return a.name + "-unpack" }
 // NewTar returns a new [Artifact] backed by the supplied [Artifact] and
 // compression method. The source [Artifact] must be compatible with
 // [TContext.Open].
-func NewTar(a Artifact, compression uint64) Artifact {
+func NewTar(a Artifact, compression uint32) Artifact {
 	ta := tarArtifact{a, compression}
 	if s, ok := a.(fmt.Stringer); ok {
 		if name := s.String(); name != "" {
@@ -62,7 +60,7 @@ func NewHTTPGetTar(
 	hc *http.Client,
 	url string,
 	checksum Checksum,
-	compression uint64,
+	compression uint32,
 ) Artifact {
 	return NewTar(NewHTTPGet(hc, url, checksum), compression)
 }
@@ -71,8 +69,16 @@ func NewHTTPGetTar(
 func (a *tarArtifact) Kind() Kind { return KindTar }
 
 // Params writes compression encoded in little endian.
-func (a *tarArtifact) Params(ctx *IContext) {
+func (a *tarArtifact) Params(ctx *IContext) { ctx.WriteUint32(a.compression) }
-	ctx.GetHash().Write(binary.LittleEndian.AppendUint64(nil, a.compression))
+
+func init() {
+	register(KindTar, func(r *IRReader) Artifact {
+		a := NewTar(r.Next(), r.ReadUint32())
+		if _, ok := r.Finalise(); ok {
+			panic(ErrUnexpectedChecksum)
+		}
+		return a
+	})
 }
 
 // Dependencies returns a slice containing the backing file.
@@ -93,7 +99,6 @@ func (e DisallowedTypeflagError) Error() string {
 
 // Cure cures the [Artifact], producing a directory located at work.
 func (a *tarArtifact) Cure(t *TContext) (err error) {
-	temp := t.GetTempDir()
 	var tr io.ReadCloser
 	if tr, err = t.Open(a.f); err != nil {
 		return
@@ -109,7 +114,9 @@ func (a *tarArtifact) Cure(t *TContext) (err error) {
 			err = closeErr
 		}
 	}(tr)
-	tr = io.NopCloser(tr)
+	br := t.cache.getReader(tr)
+	defer t.cache.putReader(br)
+	tr = io.NopCloser(br)
 
 	switch a.compression {
 	case TarUncompressed:
@@ -130,14 +137,24 @@ func (a *tarArtifact) Cure(t *TContext) (err error) {
 	}
 
 	type dirTargetPerm struct {
-		path *check.Absolute
+		path string
 		mode fs.FileMode
 	}
 	var madeDirectories []dirTargetPerm
 
-	if err = os.MkdirAll(temp.String(), 0700); err != nil {
+	if err = os.MkdirAll(t.GetTempDir().String(), 0700); err != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	var root *os.Root
+	if root, err = os.OpenRoot(t.GetTempDir().String()); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		closeErr := root.Close()
+		if err == nil {
+			err = closeErr
+		}
+	}()
 
 	var header *tar.Header
 	r := tar.NewReader(tr)
@@ -151,9 +168,8 @@ func (a *tarArtifact) Cure(t *TContext) (err error) {
 			}
 		}
 
-		pathname := temp.Append(header.Name)
 		if typeflag >= '0' && typeflag <= '9' && typeflag != tar.TypeDir {
-			if err = os.MkdirAll(pathname.Dir().String(), 0700); err != nil {
+			if err = root.MkdirAll(path.Dir(header.Name), 0700); err != nil {
 				return
 			}
 		}
@@ -161,8 +177,8 @@ func (a *tarArtifact) Cure(t *TContext) (err error) {
 		switch typeflag {
 		case tar.TypeReg:
 			var f *os.File
-			if f, err = os.OpenFile(
+			if f, err = root.OpenFile(
-				pathname.String(),
+				header.Name,
 				os.O_CREATE|os.O_EXCL|os.O_WRONLY,
 				header.FileInfo().Mode()&0500,
 			); err != nil {
@@ -177,26 +193,29 @@ func (a *tarArtifact) Cure(t *TContext) (err error) {
 			break
 
 		case tar.TypeLink:
-			if err = os.Link(
+			if err = root.Link(
-				temp.Append(header.Linkname).String(),
+				header.Linkname,
-				pathname.String(),
+				header.Name,
 			); err != nil {
 				return
 			}
 			break
 
 		case tar.TypeSymlink:
-			if err = os.Symlink(header.Linkname, pathname.String()); err != nil {
+			if err = root.Symlink(
+				header.Linkname,
+				header.Name,
+			); err != nil {
 				return
 			}
 			break
 
 		case tar.TypeDir:
 			madeDirectories = append(madeDirectories, dirTargetPerm{
-				path: pathname,
+				path: header.Name,
 				mode: header.FileInfo().Mode(),
 			})
-			if err = os.MkdirAll(pathname.String(), 0700); err != nil {
+			if err = root.MkdirAll(header.Name, 0700); err != nil {
 				return
 			}
 			break
@@ -213,7 +232,7 @@ func (a *tarArtifact) Cure(t *TContext) (err error) {
 	}
 	if err == nil {
 		for _, e := range madeDirectories {
-			if err = os.Chmod(e.path.String(), e.mode&0500); err != nil {
+			if err = root.Chmod(e.path, e.mode&0500); err != nil {
 				return
 			}
 		}
@@ -221,6 +240,7 @@ func (a *tarArtifact) Cure(t *TContext) (err error) {
 		return
 	}
 
+	temp := t.GetTempDir()
 	if err = os.Chmod(temp.String(), 0700); err != nil {
 		return
 	}

internal/pkg/tar_test.go

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ func TestTar(t *testing.T) {
 			}, pkg.MustDecode(
 				"cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM",
 			))
-		}, pkg.MustDecode("sxbgyX-bPoezbha214n2lbQhiVfTUBkhZ0EX6zI7mmkMdrCdwuMwhMBJphLQsy94")},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("NQTlc466JmSVLIyWklm_u8_g95jEEb98PxJU-kjwxLpfdjwMWJq0G8ze9R4Vo1Vu")},
 
 		{"http expand", nil, func(t *testing.T, base *check.Absolute, c *pkg.Cache) {
 			checkTarHTTP(t, base, c, fstest.MapFS{
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ func TestTar(t *testing.T) {
 			}, pkg.MustDecode(
 				"CH3AiUrCCcVOjOYLaMKKK1Da78989JtfHeIsxMzWOQFiN4mrCLDYpoDxLWqJWCUN",
 			))
-		}, pkg.MustDecode("4I8wx_h7NSJTlG5lbuz-GGEXrOg0GYC3M_503LYEBhv5XGWXfNIdIY9Q3eVSYldX")},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("hSoSSgCYTNonX3Q8FjvjD1fBl-E-BQyA6OTXro2OadXqbST4tZ-akGXszdeqphRe")},
 	})
 }
 
@@ -98,14 +98,37 @@ func checkTarHTTP(
 
 	wantIdent := func() pkg.ID {
 		h := sha512.New384()
-		h.Write([]byte{byte(pkg.KindTar), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0})
-		h.Write([]byte{pkg.TarGzip, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0})
-		h.Write([]byte{byte(pkg.KindHTTPGet), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0})
 
+		// kind uint64
+		h.Write([]byte{byte(pkg.KindTar), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0})
+		// deps_sz uint64
+		h.Write([]byte{1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0})
+
+		// kind uint64
+		h.Write([]byte{byte(pkg.KindHTTPGet), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0})
+		// ident ID
 		h0 := sha512.New384()
+		// kind uint64
 		h0.Write([]byte{byte(pkg.KindHTTPGet), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0})
+		// deps_sz uint64
+		h0.Write([]byte{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0})
+		// url string
+		h0.Write([]byte{byte(pkg.IRKindString), 0, 0, 0})
+		h0.Write([]byte{0x10, 0, 0, 0})
 		h0.Write([]byte("file:///testdata"))
+		// end(KnownChecksum)
+		h0.Write([]byte{byte(pkg.IRKindEnd), 0, 0, 0})
+		h0.Write([]byte{byte(pkg.IREndKnownChecksum), 0, 0, 0})
+		// checksum Checksum
+		h0.Write(testdataChecksum[:])
 		h.Write(h0.Sum(nil))
+		// compression uint32
+		h.Write([]byte{byte(pkg.IRKindUint32), 0, 0, 0})
+		h.Write([]byte{pkg.TarGzip, 0, 0, 0})
+		// end
+		h.Write([]byte{byte(pkg.IRKindEnd), 0, 0, 0})
+		h.Write([]byte{0, 0, 0, 0})
+
 		return pkg.ID(h.Sum(nil))
 	}()
 

internal/pkg/testdata/main.go

@@ -142,12 +142,12 @@ func main() {
 	}
 
 	const checksumEmptyDir = "MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU"
-	ident := "U2cbgVgEtjfRuvHfE1cQnZ3t8yoexULQyo_VLgvxAVJSsobMcNaFIsuDWtmt7kzK"
+	ident := "dztPS6jRjiZtCF4_p8AzfnxGp6obkhrgFVsxdodbKWUoAEVtDz3MykepJB4kI_ks"
 	log.Println(m)
 	next := func() { m = m.Next; log.Println(m) }
 
 	if overlayRoot {
-		ident = "5ey2wpmMpj483YYa7ZZQciYLA2cx3_l167JCqWW4Pd-5DVp81dj9EsBtVTwYptF6"
+		ident = "RdMA-mubnrHuu3Ky1wWyxauSYCO0ZH_zCPUj3uDHqkfwv5sGcByoF_g5PjlGiClb"
 
 		if m.Root != "/" || m.Target != "/" ||
 			m.Source != "overlay" || m.FsType != "overlay" {
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ func main() {
 				log.Fatal("unexpected artifact checksum")
 			}
 		} else {
-			ident = "tfjrsVuBuFgzWgwz-yPppFtylYuC1VFWnKhyBiHbWTGkyz8lt7Ee9QXWaIHPXs4x"
+			ident = "p1t_drXr34i-jZNuxDMLaMOdL6tZvQqhavNafGynGqxOZoXAUTSn7kqNh3Ovv3DT"
 
 			lowerdirsEscaped := strings.Split(lowerdir, ":")
 			lowerdirs := lowerdirsEscaped[:0]
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ func main() {
 		}
 	} else {
 		if hostNet {
-			ident = "QdsJhGgnk5N2xdUNGcndXQxFKifxf1V_2t9X8CQ-pDcg24x6mGJC_BiLfGbs6Qml"
+			ident = "G8qPxD9puvvoOVV7lrT80eyDeIl3G_CCFoKw12c8mCjMdG1zF7NEPkwYpNubClK3"
 		}
 
 		if m.Root != "/sysroot" || m.Target != "/" {
@@ -213,14 +213,14 @@ func main() {
 	}
 
 	if promote {
-		ident = "O-6VjlIUxc4PYLf5v35uhIeL8kkYCbHYklqlmDjFPXe0m4j6GkUDg5qwTzBRESnf"
+		ident = "xXTIYcXmgJWNLC91c417RRrNM9cjELwEZHpGvf8Fk_GNP5agRJp_SicD0w9aMeLJ"
 	}
 
 	next() // testtool artifact
 
 	next()
 	if overlayWork {
-		ident = "acaDzHZv40dZaz4cGAXayqbRMgbEOuiuiUijZL8IgDQvyeCNMFE3onBMYfny-kXA"
+		ident = "5hlaukCirnXE4W_RSLJFOZN47Z5RiHnacXzdFp_70cLgiJUGR6cSb_HaFftkzi0-"
 		if m.Root != "/" || m.Target != "/work" ||
 			m.Source != "overlay" || m.FsType != "overlay" {
 			log.Fatal("unexpected work mount entry")

internal/rosa/acl.go

@@ -2,32 +2,19 @@ package rosa
 
 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 
-func (t Toolchain) newAttr() pkg.Artifact {
+func (t Toolchain) newAttr() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2.5.2"
 		checksum = "YWEphrz6vg1sUMmHHVr1CRo53pFXRhq_pjN-AlG8UgwZK1y6m7zuDhxqJhD0SV0l"
 	)
-	return t.New("attr-"+version, false, []pkg.Artifact{
+	return t.NewPackage("attr", version, pkg.NewHTTPGetTar(
-		t.Load(Make),
+		nil, "https://download.savannah.nongnu.org/releases/attr/"+
-		t.Load(Perl),
-	}, nil, nil, `
-ln -s ../../system/bin/perl /usr/bin
-
-cd "$(mktemp -d)"
-/usr/src/attr/configure \
-	--prefix=/system \
-	--build="${ROSA_TRIPLE}" \
-	--enable-static
-make "-j$(nproc)" check
-make DESTDIR=/work install
-`, pkg.Path(AbsUsrSrc.Append("attr"), true, t.NewPatchedSource(
-		"attr", version, pkg.NewHTTPGetTar(
-			nil,
-			"https://download.savannah.nongnu.org/releases/attr/"+
 			"attr-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		mustDecode(checksum),
 		pkg.TarGzip,
-		), true, [2]string{"libgen-basename", `From 8a80d895dfd779373363c3a4b62ecce5a549efb2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+	), &PackageAttr{
+		Patches: [][2]string{
+			{"libgen-basename", `From 8a80d895dfd779373363c3a4b62ecce5a549efb2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
 From: "Haelwenn (lanodan) Monnier" <contact@hacktivis.me>
 Date: Sat, 30 Mar 2024 10:17:10 +0100
 Subject: tools/attr.c: Add missing libgen.h include for basename(3)
@@ -52,7 +39,9 @@ index f12e4af..6a3c1e9 100644
  #include <attr/attributes.h>
  
 -- 
-cgit v1.1`}, [2]string{"musl-errno", `diff --git a/test/attr.test b/test/attr.test
+cgit v1.1`},
+
+			{"musl-errno", `diff --git a/test/attr.test b/test/attr.test
 index 6ce2f9b..e9bde92 100644
 --- a/test/attr.test
 +++ b/test/attr.test
@@ -66,33 +55,48 @@ index 6ce2f9b..e9bde92 100644
  	$ setfattr -n user. -v value f
  	> setfattr: f: Invalid argument
 `},
-	)))
+		},
-}
-func init() { artifactsF[Attr] = Toolchain.newAttr }
 
-func (t Toolchain) newACL() pkg.Artifact {
+		ScriptEarly: `
+ln -s ../../system/bin/perl /usr/bin
+`,
+	}, (*MakeHelper)(nil),
+		Perl,
+	), version
+}
+func init() {
+	artifactsM[Attr] = Metadata{
+		f: Toolchain.newAttr,
+
+		Name:        "attr",
+		Description: "Commands for Manipulating Filesystem Extended Attributes",
+		Website:     "https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/attr/",
+	}
+}
+
+func (t Toolchain) newACL() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2.3.2"
 		checksum = "-fY5nwH4K8ZHBCRXrzLdguPkqjKI6WIiGu4dBtrZ1o0t6AIU73w8wwJz_UyjIS0P"
 	)
-	return t.New("acl-"+version, false, []pkg.Artifact{
+	return t.NewPackage("acl", version, pkg.NewHTTPGetTar(
-		t.Load(Make),
+		nil, "https://download.savannah.nongnu.org/releases/acl/"+
-
-		t.Load(Attr),
-	}, nil, nil, `
-cd "$(mktemp -d)"
-/usr/src/acl/configure \
-	--prefix=/system \
-	--build="${ROSA_TRIPLE}" \
-	--enable-static
-make "-j$(nproc)"
-make DESTDIR=/work install
-`, pkg.Path(AbsUsrSrc.Append("acl"), true, pkg.NewHTTPGetTar(
-		nil,
-		"https://download.savannah.nongnu.org/releases/acl/"+
 			"acl-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		mustDecode(checksum),
 		pkg.TarGzip,
-	)))
+	), nil, &MakeHelper{
+		// makes assumptions about uid_map/gid_map
+		SkipCheck: true,
+	},
+		Attr,
+	), version
+}
+func init() {
+	artifactsM[ACL] = Metadata{
+		f: Toolchain.newACL,
+
+		Name:        "acl",
+		Description: "Commands for Manipulating POSIX Access Control Lists",
+		Website:     "https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/acl/",
+	}
 }
-func init() { artifactsF[ACL] = Toolchain.newACL }

internal/rosa/all.go

@@ -10,61 +10,190 @@ import (
 type PArtifact int
 
 const (
-	ACL PArtifact = iota
+	// ImageInitramfs is the Rosa OS initramfs archive.
+	ImageInitramfs PArtifact = iota
+
+	// Kernel is the generic Rosa OS Linux kernel.
+	Kernel
+	// KernelHeaders is an installation of kernel headers for [Kernel].
+	KernelHeaders
+	// KernelSource is a writable kernel source tree installed to [AbsUsrSrc].
+	KernelSource
+
+	ACL
+	ArgpStandalone
 	Attr
 	Autoconf
+	Automake
+	BC
 	Bash
-	Busybox
+	Binutils
+	Bison
+	Bzip2
 	CMake
 	Coreutils
+	Curl
+	DTC
 	Diffutils
+	Elfutils
+	Fakeroot
+	Findutils
+	Flex
+	Fuse
+	GMP
+	GLib
+	Gawk
+	GenInitCPIO
 	Gettext
 	Git
 	Go
 	Gperf
+	Grep
+	Gzip
 	Hakurei
-	KernelHeaders
+	HakureiDist
+	IniConfig
+	Kmod
 	LibXau
+	Libcap
 	Libexpat
+	Libiconv
+	Libpsl
 	Libffi
 	Libgd
+	Libtool
 	Libseccomp
+	Libucontext
 	Libxml2
+	Libxslt
 	M4
+	MPC
+	MPFR
 	Make
 	Meson
+	Mksh
+	MuslFts
+	MuslObstack
+	NSS
+	NSSCACert
+	Ncurses
 	Ninja
+	OpenSSL
+	PCRE2
+	Packaging
 	Patch
 	Perl
+	PerlLocaleGettext
+	PerlMIMECharset
+	PerlModuleBuild
+	PerlPodParser
+	PerlSGMLS
+	PerlTermReadKey
+	PerlTextCharWidth
+	PerlTextWrapI18N
+	PerlUnicodeGCString
+	PerlYAMLTiny
 	PkgConfig
+	Pluggy
+	Procps
+	PyTest
+	Pygments
 	Python
+	QEMU
 	Rsync
+	Sed
 	Setuptools
+	SquashfsTools
+	TamaGo
+	Tar
+	Texinfo
+	Toybox
+	toyboxEarly
+	Unzip
+	UtilLinux
 	Wayland
 	WaylandProtocols
 	XCB
 	XCBProto
 	Xproto
+	XZ
 	Zlib
+	Zstd
 
-	// _presetEnd is the total number of presets and does not denote a preset.
+	// PresetUnexportedStart is the first unexported preset.
-	_presetEnd
+	PresetUnexportedStart
+
+	buildcatrust = iota - 1
+	utilMacros
+
+	// Musl is a standalone libc that does not depend on the toolchain.
+	Musl
+
+	// gcc is a hacked-to-pieces GCC toolchain meant for use in intermediate
+	// stages only. This preset and its direct output must never be exposed.
+	gcc
+
+	// Stage0 is a tarball containing all compile-time dependencies of artifacts
+	// part of the [Std] toolchain.
+	Stage0
+
+	// PresetEnd is the total number of presets and does not denote a preset.
+	PresetEnd
 )
 
+// Metadata is stage-agnostic information of a [PArtifact] not directly
+// representable in the resulting [pkg.Artifact].
+type Metadata struct {
+	f func(t Toolchain) (a pkg.Artifact, version string)
+
+	// Unique package name.
+	Name string `json:"name"`
+	// Short user-facing description.
+	Description string `json:"description"`
+	// Project home page.
+	Website string `json:"website,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// Unversioned denotes an unversioned [PArtifact].
+const Unversioned = "\x00"
+
 var (
-	// artifactsF is an array of functions for the result of [PArtifact].
+	// artifactsM is an array of [PArtifact] metadata.
-	artifactsF [_presetEnd]func(t Toolchain) pkg.Artifact
+	artifactsM [PresetEnd]Metadata
 
-	// artifacts stores the result of artifactsF.
+	// artifacts stores the result of Metadata.f.
-	artifacts [_toolchainEnd][len(artifactsF)]pkg.Artifact
+	artifacts [_toolchainEnd][len(artifactsM)]pkg.Artifact
+	// versions stores the version of [PArtifact].
+	versions [_toolchainEnd][len(artifactsM)]string
 	// artifactsOnce is for lazy initialisation of artifacts.
-	artifactsOnce [_toolchainEnd][len(artifactsF)]sync.Once
+	artifactsOnce [_toolchainEnd][len(artifactsM)]sync.Once
 )
 
+// GetMetadata returns [Metadata] of a [PArtifact].
+func GetMetadata(p PArtifact) *Metadata { return &artifactsM[p] }
+
 // Load returns the resulting [pkg.Artifact] of [PArtifact].
 func (t Toolchain) Load(p PArtifact) pkg.Artifact {
 	artifactsOnce[t][p].Do(func() {
-		artifacts[t][p] = artifactsF[p](t)
+		artifacts[t][p], versions[t][p] = artifactsM[p].f(t)
 	})
 	return artifacts[t][p]
 }
+
+// Version returns the version string of [PArtifact].
+func (t Toolchain) Version(p PArtifact) string {
+	artifactsOnce[t][p].Do(func() {
+		artifacts[t][p], versions[t][p] = artifactsM[p].f(t)
+	})
+	return versions[t][p]
+}
+
+// ResolveName returns a [PArtifact] by name.
+func ResolveName(name string) (p PArtifact, ok bool) {
+	for i := range PresetUnexportedStart {
+		if name == artifactsM[i].Name {
+			return i, true
+		}
+	}
+	return 0, false
+}

internal/rosa/all_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+package rosa_test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"hakurei.app/internal/rosa"
+)
+
+func TestLoad(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	for i := range rosa.PresetEnd {
+		p := rosa.PArtifact(i)
+		t.Run(rosa.GetMetadata(p).Name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			rosa.Std.Load(p)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveName(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	for i := range rosa.PresetUnexportedStart {
+		p := i
+		name := rosa.GetMetadata(p).Name
+		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			if got, ok := rosa.ResolveName(name); !ok {
+				t.Fatal("ResolveName: ok = false")
+			} else if got != p {
+				t.Fatalf("ResolveName: %d, want %d", got, p)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+func TestResolveNameUnexported(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	for i := rosa.PresetUnexportedStart; i < rosa.PresetEnd; i++ {
+		p := i
+		name := rosa.GetMetadata(p).Name
+		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			if got, ok := rosa.ResolveName(name); ok {
+				t.Fatalf("ResolveName: resolved unexported preset %d", got)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

internal/rosa/argp-standalone.go

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package rosa
+
+import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
+
+func (t Toolchain) newArgpStandalone() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	const (
+		version  = "1.3"
+		checksum = "vtW0VyO2pJ-hPyYmDI2zwSLS8QL0sPAUKC1t3zNYbwN2TmsaE-fADhaVtNd3eNFl"
+	)
+	return t.NewPackage("argp-standalone", version, pkg.NewHTTPGetTar(
+		nil, "http://www.lysator.liu.se/~nisse/misc/"+
+			"argp-standalone-"+version+".tar.gz",
+		mustDecode(checksum),
+		pkg.TarGzip,
+	), &PackageAttr{
+		Env: []string{
+			"CC=cc -std=gnu89 -fPIC",
+		},
+	}, &MakeHelper{
+		Install: `
+install -D -m644 /usr/src/argp-standalone/argp.h /work/system/include/argp.h
+install -D -m755 libargp.a /work/system/lib/libargp.a
+`,
+	},
+		Diffutils,
+	), version
+}
+func init() {
+	artifactsM[ArgpStandalone] = Metadata{
+		f: Toolchain.newArgpStandalone,
+
+		Name:        "argp-standalone",
+		Description: "hierarchical argument parsing library broken out from glibc",
+		Website:     "http://www.lysator.liu.se/~nisse/misc/",
+	}
+}

internal/rosa/busybox.go

@@ -5,8 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
-	"slices"
+	"runtime"
-	"strings"
 	"time"
 
 	"hakurei.app/container/fhs"
@@ -33,6 +32,16 @@ func (a busyboxBin) Dependencies() []pkg.Artifact {
 	return []pkg.Artifact{a.bin}
 }
 
+func init() {
+	pkg.Register(kindBusyboxBin, func(r *pkg.IRReader) pkg.Artifact {
+		a := busyboxBin{r.Next().(pkg.FileArtifact)}
+		if _, ok := r.Finalise(); ok {
+			panic(pkg.ErrUnexpectedChecksum)
+		}
+		return a
+	})
+}
+
 // String returns the reporting name of the underlying file prefixed with expand.
 func (a busyboxBin) String() string {
 	return "expand-" + a.bin.(fmt.Stringer).String()
@@ -78,10 +87,23 @@ func (a busyboxBin) Cure(t *pkg.TContext) (err error) {
 // newBusyboxBin returns a [pkg.Artifact] containing a busybox installation from
 // the https://busybox.net/downloads/binaries/ binary release.
 func newBusyboxBin() pkg.Artifact {
-	const (
+	var version, url, checksum string
+	switch runtime.GOARCH {
+	case "amd64":
 		version = "1.35.0"
+		url = "https://busybox.net/downloads/binaries/" +
+			version + "-" + linuxArch() + "-linux-musl/busybox"
 		checksum = "L7OBIsPu9enNHn7FqpBT1kOg_mCLNmetSeNMA3i4Y60Z5jTgnlX3qX3zcQtLx5AB"
-	)
+	case "arm64":
+		version = "1.31.0"
+		url = "https://busybox.net/downloads/binaries/" +
+			version + "-defconfig-multiarch-musl/busybox-armv8l"
+		checksum = "npJjBO7iwhjW6Kx2aXeSxf8kXhVgTCDChOZTTsI8ZfFfa3tbsklxRiidZQdrVERg"
+
+	default:
+		panic("unsupported target " + runtime.GOARCH)
+	}
+
 	return pkg.NewExec(
 		"busybox-bin-"+version, nil, pkg.ExecTimeoutMax, false,
 		fhs.AbsRoot, []string{
@@ -96,264 +118,8 @@ func newBusyboxBin() pkg.Artifact {
 			&http.Client{Transport: &http.Transport{
 				// busybox website is really slow to respond
 				TLSHandshakeTimeout: 2 * time.Minute,
-			}},
+			}}, url,
-			"https://busybox.net/downloads/binaries/"+
-				version+"-"+linuxArch()+"-linux-musl/busybox",
 			mustDecode(checksum),
 		)}),
 	)
 }
-
-func (t Toolchain) newBusybox() pkg.Artifact {
-	const (
-		version  = "1.37.0"
-		checksum = "Ial94Tnt7esJ_YEeb0AxunVL6MGYFyOw7Rtu2o87CXCi1TLrc6rlznVsN1rZk7it"
-	)
-
-	var env []string
-	if t == toolchainStage3 {
-		env = append(env, "EXTRA_LDFLAGS=-static")
-	}
-
-	return t.New("busybox-"+version, false, stage3Concat(t, []pkg.Artifact{},
-		t.Load(Make),
-		t.Load(KernelHeaders),
-	), nil, slices.Concat([]string{
-		"ROSA_BUSYBOX_ENABLE=" + strings.Join([]string{
-			"STATIC",
-			"PIE",
-		}, " "),
-		"ROSA_BUSYBOX_DISABLE=" + strings.Join([]string{
-			"FEATURE_IPV6",
-			"FEATURE_PREFER_IPV4_ADDRESS",
-			"FEATURE_HWIB",
-			"ARP",
-			"ARPING",
-			"BRCTL",
-			"FEATURE_BRCTL_FANCY",
-			"FEATURE_BRCTL_SHOW",
-			"DNSD",
-			"ETHER_WAKE",
-			"FTPD",
-			"FEATURE_FTPD_WRITE",
-			"FEATURE_FTPD_ACCEPT_BROKEN_LIST",
-			"FEATURE_FTPD_AUTHENTICATION",
-			"FTPGET",
-			"FTPPUT",
-			"FEATURE_FTPGETPUT_LONG_OPTIONS",
-			"HOSTNAME",
-			"DNSDOMAINNAME",
-			"HTTPD",
-			"FEATURE_HTTPD_PORT_DEFAULT",
-			"FEATURE_HTTPD_RANGES",
-			"FEATURE_HTTPD_SETUID",
-			"FEATURE_HTTPD_BASIC_AUTH",
-			"FEATURE_HTTPD_AUTH_MD5",
-			"FEATURE_HTTPD_CGI",
-			"FEATURE_HTTPD_CONFIG_WITH_SCRIPT_INTERPR",
-			"FEATURE_HTTPD_SET_REMOTE_PORT_TO_ENV",
-			"FEATURE_HTTPD_ENCODE_URL_STR",
-			"FEATURE_HTTPD_ERROR_PAGES",
-			"FEATURE_HTTPD_PROXY",
-			"FEATURE_HTTPD_GZIP",
-			"FEATURE_HTTPD_ETAG",
-			"FEATURE_HTTPD_LAST_MODIFIED",
-			"FEATURE_HTTPD_DATE",
-			"FEATURE_HTTPD_ACL_IP",
-			"IFCONFIG",
-			"FEATURE_IFCONFIG_STATUS",
-			"FEATURE_IFCONFIG_SLIP",
-			"FEATURE_IFCONFIG_MEMSTART_IOADDR_IRQ",
-			"FEATURE_IFCONFIG_HW",
-			"FEATURE_IFCONFIG_BROADCAST_PLUS",
-			"IFENSLAVE",
-			"IFPLUGD",
-			"IFUP",
-			"IFDOWN",
-			"IFUPDOWN_IFSTATE_PATH",
-			"FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_IP",
-			"FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_IPV4",
-			"FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_IPV6",
-			"FEATURE_IFUPDOWN_MAPPING",
-			"INETD",
-			"FEATURE_INETD_SUPPORT_BUILTIN_ECHO",
-			"FEATURE_INETD_SUPPORT_BUILTIN_DISCARD",
-			"FEATURE_INETD_SUPPORT_BUILTIN_TIME",
-			"FEATURE_INETD_SUPPORT_BUILTIN_DAYTIME",
-			"FEATURE_INETD_SUPPORT_BUILTIN_CHARGEN",
-			"IP",
-			"IPADDR",
-			"IPLINK",
-			"IPROUTE",
-			"IPTUNNEL",
-			"IPRULE",
-			"IPNEIGH",
-			"FEATURE_IP_ADDRESS",
-			"FEATURE_IP_LINK",
-			"FEATURE_IP_LINK_CAN",
-			"FEATURE_IP_ROUTE",
-			"FEATURE_IP_ROUTE_DIR",
-			"FEATURE_IP_TUNNEL",
-			"FEATURE_IP_RULE",
-			"FEATURE_IP_NEIGH",
-			"IPCALC",
-			"FEATURE_IPCALC_LONG_OPTIONS",
-			"FEATURE_IPCALC_FANCY",
-			"FAKEIDENTD",
-			"NAMEIF",
-			"FEATURE_NAMEIF_EXTENDED",
-			"NBDCLIENT",
-			"NC",
-			"NC_SERVER",
-			"NC_EXTRA",
-			"NC_110_COMPAT",
-			"NETSTAT",
-			"FEATURE_NETSTAT_WIDE",
-			"FEATURE_NETSTAT_PRG",
-			"NSLOOKUP",
-			"FEATURE_NSLOOKUP_BIG",
-			"FEATURE_NSLOOKUP_LONG_OPTIONS",
-			"NTPD",
-			"FEATURE_NTPD_SERVER",
-			"FEATURE_NTPD_CONF",
-			"FEATURE_NTP_AUTH",
-			"PING",
-			"PING6",
-			"FEATURE_FANCY_PING",
-			"PSCAN",
-			"ROUTE",
-			"SLATTACH",
-			"SSL_CLIENT",
-			"TC",
-			"FEATURE_TC_INGRESS",
-			"TCPSVD",
-			"UDPSVD",
-			"TELNET",
-			"FEATURE_TELNET_TTYPE",
-			"FEATURE_TELNET_AUTOLOGIN",
-			"FEATURE_TELNET_WIDTH",
-			"TELNETD",
-			"FEATURE_TELNETD_STANDALONE",
-			"FEATURE_TELNETD_PORT_DEFAULT",
-			"FEATURE_TELNETD_INETD_WAIT",
-			"TFTP",
-			"FEATURE_TFTP_PROGRESS_BAR",
-			"FEATURE_TFTP_HPA_COMPAT",
-			"TFTPD",
-			"FEATURE_TFTP_GET",
-			"FEATURE_TFTP_PUT",
-			"FEATURE_TFTP_BLOCKSIZE",
-			"TLS",
-			"TRACEROUTE",
-			"TRACEROUTE6",
-			"FEATURE_TRACEROUTE_VERBOSE",
-			"FEATURE_TRACEROUTE_USE_ICMP",
-			"TUNCTL",
-			"FEATURE_TUNCTL_UG",
-			"VCONFIG",
-			"WGET",
-			"FEATURE_WGET_LONG_OPTIONS",
-			"FEATURE_WGET_STATUSBAR",
-			"FEATURE_WGET_FTP",
-			"FEATURE_WGET_AUTHENTICATION",
-			"FEATURE_WGET_TIMEOUT",
-			"FEATURE_WGET_HTTPS",
-			"FEATURE_WGET_OPENSSL",
-			"WHOIS",
-			"ZCIP",
-			"UDHCPD",
-			"FEATURE_UDHCPD_BOOTP",
-			"FEATURE_UDHCPD_WRITE_LEASES_EARLY",
-			"DHCPD_LEASES_FILE",
-			"DUMPLEASES",
-			"DHCPRELAY",
-			"UDHCPC",
-			"FEATURE_UDHCPC_ARPING",
-			"FEATURE_UDHCPC_SANITIZEOPT",
-			"UDHCPC_DEFAULT_SCRIPT",
-			"UDHCPC6_DEFAULT_SCRIPT",
-			"UDHCPC6",
-			"FEATURE_UDHCPC6_RFC3646",
-			"FEATURE_UDHCPC6_RFC4704",
-			"FEATURE_UDHCPC6_RFC4833",
-			"FEATURE_UDHCPC6_RFC5970",
-		}, " "),
-	}, env), `
-config_enable() {
-	for ent in "$@"; do
-		sed "s/^# CONFIG_${ent}.*/CONFIG_${ent}=y/" -i .config
-		shift
-	done
-}
-
-config_disable() {
-	for ent in "$@"; do
-		sed "s/^CONFIG_${ent}=y/# CONFIG_${ent} is not set/" -i .config
-		shift
-	done
-}
-
-cat > /bin/gcc << EOF
-exec clang \
-	-Wno-ignored-optimization-argument \
-	${LDFLAGS} \
-	\$@
-EOF
-chmod +x /bin/gcc
-
-cd /usr/src/busybox
-chmod +w editors editors/awk.c
-patch -p 1 < /usr/src/patches/awk-fix-literal-backslash.patch
-
-cd "$(mktemp -d)"
-make \
-	KBUILD_SRC=/usr/src/busybox \
-	-f /usr/src/busybox/Makefile \
-	defconfig
-
-config_enable $ROSA_BUSYBOX_ENABLE
-config_disable $ROSA_BUSYBOX_DISABLE
-ln -s ../system/bin/pwd /bin/pwd || true
-make CFLAGS_busybox="${LDFLAGS} ${EXTRA_LDFLAGS}" "-j$(nproc)"
-
-mkdir -p /system/bin/ /work/bin/
-cp busybox /system/bin/
-
-mkdir -pv /work/system/bin/
-busybox --install -s /work/system/bin/
-cp -v busybox /work/system/bin/
-ln -vs ../system/bin/hush /work/bin/sh
-mkdir -vp /work/usr/bin/
-ln -vs ../../system/bin/busybox /work/usr/bin/env
-`, pkg.Path(AbsUsrSrc.Append("busybox"), true, pkg.NewHTTPGetTar(
-		&http.Client{Transport: &http.Transport{
-			// busybox website is really slow to respond
-			TLSHandshakeTimeout: 2 * time.Minute,
-		}},
-		"https://busybox.net/downloads/busybox-"+version+".tar.bz2",
-		mustDecode(checksum),
-		pkg.TarBzip2,
-	)), pkg.Path(
-		AbsUsrSrc.Append("patches", "awk-fix-literal-backslash.patch"), false,
-		pkg.NewFile("awk-fix-literal-backslash.patch", []byte(`diff --git a/editors/awk.c b/editors/awk.c
-index 64e752f4b..40f5ba7f7 100644
---- a/editors/awk.c
-+++ b/editors/awk.c
-@@ -2636,8 +2636,13 @@ static int awk_sub(node *rn, const char *repl, int nm, var *src, var *dest /*,in
- 					resbuf = qrealloc(resbuf, residx + replen + n, &resbufsize);
- 					memcpy(resbuf + residx, sp + pmatch[j].rm_so - start_ofs, n);
- 					residx += n;
--				} else
-+				} else {
-+/* '\\' and '&' following a backslash keep its original meaning, any other
-+ * occurrence of a '\\' should be treated as literal */
-+					if (bslash && c != '\\' && c != '&')
-+						resbuf[residx++] = '\\';
- 					resbuf[residx++] = c;
-+				}
- 				bslash = 0;
- 			}
- 		}`)),
-	))
-}
-func init() { artifactsF[Busybox] = Toolchain.newBusybox }

internal/rosa/bzip2.go

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package rosa
+
+import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
+
+func (t Toolchain) newBzip2() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	const (
+		version  = "1.0.8"
+		checksum = "cTLykcco7boom-s05H1JVsQi1AtChYL84nXkg_92Dm1Xt94Ob_qlMg_-NSguIK-c"
+	)
+	return t.NewPackage("bzip2", version, pkg.NewHTTPGetTar(
+		nil, "https://sourceware.org/pub/bzip2/bzip2-"+version+".tar.gz",
+		mustDecode(checksum),
+		pkg.TarGzip,
+	), &PackageAttr{
+		Writable:    true,
+		EnterSource: true,
+	}, &MakeHelper{
+		// uses source tree as scratch space
+		SkipConfigure: true,
+		SkipCheck:     true,
+		InPlace:       true,
+		Make: []string{
+			"CC=cc",
+		},
+		Install: "make PREFIX=/work/system install",
+	}), version
+}
+func init() {
+	artifactsM[Bzip2] = Metadata{
+		f: Toolchain.newBzip2,
+
+		Name:        "bzip2",
+		Description: "a freely available, patent free, high-quality data compressor",
+		Website:     "https://sourceware.org/bzip2/",
+	}
+}