strip down / rewrite hardware identifiers FAQ
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<li>
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<li>
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<a href="#security-and-privacy">Security and privacy</a>
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<a href="#security-and-privacy">Security and privacy</a>
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<ul>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="#hardware-identifiers">What does GrapheneOS do about
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<li><a href="#hardware-identifiers">Can apps access hardware
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non-resettable hardware identifiers like IMEI, SIM or phone serial
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identifiers?</a></li>
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number?</a></li>
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</ul>
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</ul>
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</li>
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</li>
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</ul>
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</ul>
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</h2>
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</h2>
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<h2 id="hardware-identifiers">
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<h2 id="hardware-identifiers">
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<a href="#hardware-identifiers">What does GrapheneOS do about non-resettable
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<a href="#hardware-identifiers">Can apps access hardware identifiers?</a>
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hardware identifiers like IMEI, SIM or phone serial number?</a>
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</h2>
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</h2>
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<p>Starting with the Android 10 specification, apps can no longer extract the phone's
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<p>As of Android 10, apps cannot obtain permission to access non-resettable hardware
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IMEI or Serial Number, SIM Card Serial Number, Subscriber ID, MAC Address or other
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identifiers such as the serial number, MAC addresses, IMEIs/MEIDs, SIM card serial
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non-resettable unique device identifiers, even if granted access to
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numbers and subscriber IDs. Only privileged apps included in the base system with
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<code>READ_PHONE_STATE</code>. Apps must have the
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<code>READ_PRIVILEGED_PHONE_STATE</code> whitelisted can access these hardware
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<code>READ_PRIVILEGED_PHONE_STATE</code> new to Android 10 in order to get access to
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identifiers. Apps targeting Android 10 will receive a <code>SecurityException</code>
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any of these non-resettable, persistent device identifiers. Apps using the Android 10
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and older apps will receive an empty value for compatibility.</p>
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API will recieve a <code>SecurityException</code> error, and any older apps simply get
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an empty value if the <code>READ_PHONE_STATE</code> permission has been granted to them,
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or a <code>SecurityException</code> error if they don't. MAC Addresses are randomized
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per WiFi network on GrapheneOS. Apps, even if granted full network access, cannot read
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nor change the MAC Address.</p>
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<p>GrapheneOS does <i>not</i> utilize Advertising IDs, even though the Advertising ID
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<p>GrapheneOS only makes a small change to remove a legacy form of access to the
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normally seen on Android and iOS devices is resettable.</p>
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serial number by legacy apps, which was still around for compatibility.</p>
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<p><code>ANDROID_ID</code> is persistent between application installs but is resettable.
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Pull requests are welcomed in this area.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<footer>
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<footer>
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