release: 0.3.2

Signed-off-by: Ophestra <cat@gensokyo.uk>

cmd/hakurei/command.go

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import (
 	_ "unsafe" // for go:linkname
 
 	"hakurei.app/command"
+	"hakurei.app/container"
 	"hakurei.app/container/check"
 	"hakurei.app/container/fhs"
 	"hakurei.app/hst"
@@ -91,7 +92,7 @@ func buildCommand(ctx context.Context, msg message.Msg, early *earlyHardeningErr
 
 			flagPrivateRuntime, flagPrivateTmpdir bool
 
-			flagWayland, flagX11, flagDBus, flagPulse bool
+			flagWayland, flagX11, flagDBus, flagPipeWire, flagPulse bool
 		)
 
 		c.NewCommand("run", "Configure and start a permissive container", func(args []string) error {
@@ -146,8 +147,8 @@ func buildCommand(ctx context.Context, msg message.Msg, early *earlyHardeningErr
 			if flagDBus {
 				et |= hst.EDBus
 			}
-			if flagPulse {
+			if flagPipeWire || flagPulse {
-				et |= hst.EPulse
+				et |= hst.EPipeWire
 			}
 
 			config := &hst.Config{
@@ -186,6 +187,14 @@ func buildCommand(ctx context.Context, msg message.Msg, early *earlyHardeningErr
 				}})
 			}
 
+			// start pipewire-pulse: this most likely exists on host if PipeWire is available
+			if flagPulse {
+				config.Container.Filesystem = append(config.Container.Filesystem, hst.FilesystemConfigJSON{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSDaemon{
+					Target: fhs.AbsRunUser.Append(strconv.Itoa(container.OverflowUid(msg)), "pulse/native"),
+					Exec:   shell, Args: []string{"-lc", "exec pipewire-pulse"},
+				}})
+			}
+
 			config.Container.Filesystem = append(config.Container.Filesystem,
 				// opportunistically bind kvm
 				hst.FilesystemConfigJSON{FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSBind{
@@ -297,8 +306,10 @@ func buildCommand(ctx context.Context, msg message.Msg, early *earlyHardeningErr
 				"Enable direct connection to X11").
 			Flag(&flagDBus, "dbus", command.BoolFlag(false),
 				"Enable proxied connection to D-Bus").
+			Flag(&flagPipeWire, "pipewire", command.BoolFlag(false),
+				"Enable connection to PipeWire via SecurityContext").
 			Flag(&flagPulse, "pulse", command.BoolFlag(false),
-				"Enable direct connection to PulseAudio")
+				"Enable PulseAudio compatibility daemon")
 	}
 
 	{

cmd/hakurei/command_test.go

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ Commands:
 		},
 		{
 			"run", []string{"run", "-h"}, `
-Usage:	hakurei run [-h | --help] [--dbus-config <value>] [--dbus-system <value>] [--mpris] [--dbus-log] [--id <value>] [-a <int>] [-g <value>] [-d <value>] [-u <value>] [--private-runtime] [--private-tmpdir] [--wayland] [-X] [--dbus] [--pulse] COMMAND [OPTIONS]
+Usage:	hakurei run [-h | --help] [--dbus-config <value>] [--dbus-system <value>] [--mpris] [--dbus-log] [--id <value>] [-a <int>] [-g <value>] [-d <value>] [-u <value>] [--private-runtime] [--private-tmpdir] [--wayland] [-X] [--dbus] [--pipewire] [--pulse] COMMAND [OPTIONS]
 
 Flags:
   -X	Enable direct connection to X11
@@ -58,12 +58,14 @@ Flags:
     	Reverse-DNS style Application identifier, leave empty to inherit instance identifier
   -mpris
     	Allow owning MPRIS D-Bus path, has no effect if custom config is available
+  -pipewire
+    	Enable connection to PipeWire via SecurityContext
   -private-runtime
     	Do not share XDG_RUNTIME_DIR between containers under the same identity
   -private-tmpdir
     	Do not share TMPDIR between containers under the same identity
   -pulse
-    	Enable direct connection to PulseAudio
+    	Enable PulseAudio compatibility daemon
   -u string
     	Passwd user name within sandbox (default "chronos")
   -wayland

cmd/hakurei/print_test.go

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ var (
 		PID:     0xbeef,
 		ShimPID: 0xcafe,
 		Config: &hst.Config{
-			Enablements: hst.NewEnablements(hst.EWayland | hst.EPulse),
+			Enablements: hst.NewEnablements(hst.EWayland | hst.EPipeWire),
 			Identity:    1,
 			Container: &hst.ContainerConfig{
 				Shell: check.MustAbs("/bin/sh"),
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ func TestPrintShowInstance(t *testing.T) {
 		{"nil", nil, nil, false, false, "Error: invalid configuration!\n\n", false},
 		{"config", nil, hst.Template(), false, false, `App
  Identity:       9 (org.chromium.Chromium)
- Enablements:    wayland, dbus, pulseaudio
+ Enablements:    wayland, dbus, pipewire
  Groups:         video, dialout, plugdev
  Flags:          multiarch, compat, devel, userns, net, abstract, tty, mapuid, device, runtime, tmpdir
  Home:           /data/data/org.chromium.Chromium
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ Session bus
 
 App
  Identity:       9 (org.chromium.Chromium)
- Enablements:    wayland, dbus, pulseaudio
+ Enablements:    wayland, dbus, pipewire
  Groups:         video, dialout, plugdev
  Flags:          multiarch, compat, devel, userns, net, abstract, tty, mapuid, device, runtime, tmpdir
  Home:           /data/data/org.chromium.Chromium
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ App
   "enablements": {
     "wayland": true,
     "dbus": true,
-    "pulse": true
+    "pipewire": true
   },
   "session_bus": {
     "see": null,
@@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ App
   "enablements": {
     "wayland": true,
     "dbus": true,
-    "pulse": true
+    "pipewire": true
   },
   "session_bus": {
     "see": null,
@@ -564,7 +564,7 @@ func TestPrintPs(t *testing.T) {
     "enablements": {
       "wayland": true,
       "dbus": true,
-      "pulse": true
+      "pipewire": true
     },
     "session_bus": {
       "see": null,
@@ -715,7 +715,7 @@ func TestPrintPs(t *testing.T) {
     "shim_pid": 51966,
     "enablements": {
       "wayland": true,
-      "pulse": true
+      "pipewire": true
     },
     "identity": 1,
     "groups": null,

cmd/hpkg/build.nix

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
   allow_wayland ? true,
   allow_x11 ? false,
   allow_dbus ? true,
-  allow_pulse ? true,
+  allow_audio ? true,
   gpu ? allow_wayland || allow_x11,
 }:
 
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ let
       wayland = allow_wayland;
       x11 = allow_x11;
       dbus = allow_dbus;
-      pulse = allow_pulse;
+      pipewire = allow_audio;
     };
 
     mesa = if gpu then mesaWrappers else null;

cmd/hpkg/test/test.py

@@ -90,13 +90,13 @@ wait_for_window("hakurei@machine-foot")
 machine.send_chars("clear; wayland-info && touch /tmp/success-client\n")
 machine.wait_for_file("/tmp/hakurei.0/tmpdir/2/success-client")
 collect_state_ui("app_wayland")
-check_state("foot", {"wayland": True, "dbus": True, "pulse": True})
+check_state("foot", {"wayland": True, "dbus": True, "pipewire": True})
 # Verify acl on XDG_RUNTIME_DIR:
-print(machine.succeed("getfacl --absolute-names --omit-header --numeric /run/user/1000 | grep 10002"))
+print(machine.succeed("getfacl --absolute-names --omit-header --numeric /tmp/hakurei.0/runtime | grep 10002"))
 machine.send_chars("exit\n")
 machine.wait_until_fails("pgrep foot")
 # Verify acl cleanup on XDG_RUNTIME_DIR:
-machine.wait_until_fails("getfacl --absolute-names --omit-header --numeric /run/user/1000 | grep 10002")
+machine.wait_until_fails("getfacl --absolute-names --omit-header --numeric /tmp/hakurei.0/runtime | grep 10002")
 
 # Exit Sway and verify process exit status 0:
 swaymsg("exit", succeed=False)
@@ -107,4 +107,4 @@ print(machine.succeed("find /tmp/hakurei.0 "
     + "-path '/tmp/hakurei.0/runtime/*/*' -prune -o "
     + "-path '/tmp/hakurei.0/tmpdir/*/*' -prune -o "
     + "-print"))
-print(machine.succeed("find /run/user/1000/hakurei"))
+print(machine.fail("ls /run/user/1000/hakurei"))

container/autoetc.go

@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ func (e *AutoEtcOp) apply(state *setupState, k syscallDispatcher) error {
 
 	return nil
 }
+func (e *AutoEtcOp) late(*setupState, syscallDispatcher) error { return nil }
 
 func (e *AutoEtcOp) hostPath() *check.Absolute { return fhs.AbsEtc.Append(e.hostRel()) }
 func (e *AutoEtcOp) hostRel() string           { return ".host/" + e.Prefix }

container/autoroot.go

@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ func (r *AutoRootOp) apply(state *setupState, k syscallDispatcher) error {
 	}
 	return nil
 }
+func (r *AutoRootOp) late(*setupState, syscallDispatcher) error { return nil }
 
 func (r *AutoRootOp) Is(op Op) bool {
 	vr, ok := op.(*AutoRootOp)

container/dispatcher_test.go

@@ -759,7 +759,8 @@ func (k *kstub) checkMsg(msg message.Msg) {
 }
 
 func (k *kstub) GetLogger() *log.Logger { panic("unreachable") }
-func (k *kstub) IsVerbose() bool        { panic("unreachable") }
+
+func (k *kstub) IsVerbose() bool { k.Helper(); return k.Expects("isVerbose").Ret.(bool) }
 
 func (k *kstub) SwapVerbose(verbose bool) bool {
 	k.Helper()

container/errors.go

@@ -7,31 +7,36 @@ import (
 
 	"hakurei.app/container/check"
 	"hakurei.app/container/vfs"
+	"hakurei.app/message"
 )
 
 // messageFromError returns a printable error message for a supported concrete type.
-func messageFromError(err error) (string, bool) {
+func messageFromError(err error) (m string, ok bool) {
-	if m, ok := messagePrefixP[MountError]("cannot ", err); ok {
+	if m, ok = messagePrefixP[MountError]("cannot ", err); ok {
-		return m, ok
+		return
 	}
-	if m, ok := messagePrefixP[os.PathError]("cannot ", err); ok {
+	if m, ok = messagePrefixP[os.PathError]("cannot ", err); ok {
-		return m, ok
+		return
 	}
-	if m, ok := messagePrefixP[check.AbsoluteError]("", err); ok {
+	if m, ok = messagePrefixP[check.AbsoluteError](zeroString, err); ok {
-		return m, ok
+		return
 	}
-	if m, ok := messagePrefix[OpRepeatError]("", err); ok {
+	if m, ok = messagePrefix[OpRepeatError](zeroString, err); ok {
-		return m, ok
+		return
 	}
-	if m, ok := messagePrefix[OpStateError]("", err); ok {
+	if m, ok = messagePrefix[OpStateError](zeroString, err); ok {
-		return m, ok
+		return
 	}
 
-	if m, ok := messagePrefixP[vfs.DecoderError]("cannot ", err); ok {
+	if m, ok = messagePrefixP[vfs.DecoderError]("cannot ", err); ok {
-		return m, ok
+		return
 	}
-	if m, ok := messagePrefix[TmpfsSizeError]("", err); ok {
+	if m, ok = messagePrefix[TmpfsSizeError](zeroString, err); ok {
-		return m, ok
+		return
+	}
+
+	if m, ok = message.GetMessage(err); ok {
+		return
 	}
 
 	return zeroString, false

container/init.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package container
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"log"
@@ -9,6 +10,8 @@ import (
 	"path"
 	"slices"
 	"strconv"
+	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
 	. "syscall"
 	"time"
 
@@ -18,24 +21,28 @@ import (
 )
 
 const (
-	/* intermediate tmpfs mount point
+	/* intermediateHostPath is the pathname of the intermediate tmpfs mount point.
 
-	this path might seem like a weird choice, however there are many good reasons to use it:
+	This path might seem like a weird choice, however there are many good reasons to use it:
-	- the contents of this path is never exposed to the container:
+	- The contents of this path is never exposed to the container:
-	  the tmpfs root established here effectively becomes anonymous after pivot_root
+	  The tmpfs root established here effectively becomes anonymous after pivot_root.
-	- it is safe to assume this path exists and is a directory:
+	- It is safe to assume this path exists and is a directory:
-	  this program will not work correctly without a proper /proc and neither will most others
+	  This program will not work correctly without a proper /proc and neither will most others.
-	- this path belongs to the container init:
+	- This path belongs to the container init:
-	  the container init is not any more privileged or trusted than the rest of the container
+	  The container init is not any more privileged or trusted than the rest of the container.
-	- this path is only accessible by init and root:
+	- This path is only accessible by init and root:
-	  the container init sets SUID_DUMP_DISABLE and terminates if that fails;
+	  The container init sets SUID_DUMP_DISABLE and terminates if that fails.
 
-	it should be noted that none of this should become relevant at any point since the resulting
+	It should be noted that none of this should become relevant at any point since the resulting
-	intermediate root tmpfs should be effectively anonymous */
+	intermediate root tmpfs should be effectively anonymous. */
 	intermediateHostPath = fhs.Proc + "self/fd"
 
-	// setup params file descriptor
+	// setupEnv is the name of the environment variable holding the string representation of
+	// the read end file descriptor of the setup params pipe.
 	setupEnv = "HAKUREI_SETUP"
+
+	// exitUnexpectedWait4 is the exit code if wait4 returns an unexpected errno.
+	exitUnexpectedWait4 = 2
 )
 
 type (
@@ -49,6 +56,8 @@ type (
 		early(state *setupState, k syscallDispatcher) error
 		// apply is called in intermediate root.
 		apply(state *setupState, k syscallDispatcher) error
+		// late is called right before starting the initial process.
+		late(state *setupState, k syscallDispatcher) error
 
 		// prefix returns a log message prefix, and whether this Op prints no identifying message on its own.
 		prefix() (string, bool)
@@ -61,11 +70,29 @@ type (
 	// setupState persists context between Ops.
 	setupState struct {
 		nonrepeatable uintptr
+
+		// Whether early reaping has concluded. Must only be accessed in the wait4 loop.
+		processConcluded bool
+		// Process to syscall.WaitStatus populated in the wait4 loop. Freed after early reaping concludes.
+		process map[int]WaitStatus
+		// Synchronises access to process.
+		processMu sync.RWMutex
+
 		*Params
+		context.Context
 		message.Msg
 	}
 )
 
+// terminated returns whether the specified pid has been reaped, and its
+// syscall.WaitStatus if it had. This is only usable by [Op].
+func (state *setupState) terminated(pid int) (wstatus WaitStatus, ok bool) {
+	state.processMu.RLock()
+	wstatus, ok = state.process[pid]
+	state.processMu.RUnlock()
+	return
+}
+
 // Grow grows the slice Ops points to using [slices.Grow].
 func (f *Ops) Grow(n int) { *f = slices.Grow(*f, n) }
 
@@ -180,7 +207,9 @@ func initEntrypoint(k syscallDispatcher, msg message.Msg) {
 		k.fatalf(msg, "cannot make / rslave: %v", optionalErrorUnwrap(err))
 	}
 
-	state := &setupState{Params: &params.Params, Msg: msg}
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	state := &setupState{process: make(map[int]WaitStatus), Params: &params.Params, Msg: msg, Context: ctx}
+	defer cancel()
 
 	/* early is called right before pivot_root into intermediate root;
 	this step is mostly for gathering information that would otherwise be difficult to obtain
@@ -330,6 +359,97 @@ func initEntrypoint(k syscallDispatcher, msg message.Msg) {
 	}
 	k.umask(oldmask)
 
+	// winfo represents an exited process from wait4.
+	type winfo struct {
+		wpid    int
+		wstatus WaitStatus
+	}
+
+	// info is closed as the wait4 thread terminates
+	// when there are no longer any processes left to reap
+	info := make(chan winfo, 1)
+
+	// whether initial process has started
+	var initialProcessStarted atomic.Bool
+
+	k.new(func(k syscallDispatcher) {
+		k.lockOSThread()
+
+	wait4:
+		var (
+			err     error
+			wpid    = -2
+			wstatus WaitStatus
+
+			// whether initial process has started
+			started bool
+		)
+
+		// keep going until no child process is left
+		for wpid != -1 {
+			if err != nil {
+				break
+			}
+
+			if wpid != -2 {
+				if !state.processConcluded {
+					state.processMu.Lock()
+					if state.process == nil {
+						// early reaping has already concluded at this point
+						state.processConcluded = true
+						info <- winfo{wpid, wstatus}
+					} else {
+						// initial process has not yet been created, and the
+						// info channel is not yet being received from
+						state.process[wpid] = wstatus
+					}
+					state.processMu.Unlock()
+				} else {
+					info <- winfo{wpid, wstatus}
+				}
+			}
+
+			if !started {
+				started = initialProcessStarted.Load()
+			}
+
+			err = EINTR
+			for errors.Is(err, EINTR) {
+				wpid, err = k.wait4(-1, &wstatus, 0, nil)
+			}
+		}
+
+		if !errors.Is(err, ECHILD) {
+			k.printf(msg, "unexpected wait4 response: %v", err)
+		} else if !started {
+			// initial process has not yet been reached and all daemons
+			// terminated or none were started in the first place
+			time.Sleep(500 * time.Microsecond)
+			goto wait4
+		}
+
+		close(info)
+	})
+
+	// called right before startup of initial process, all state changes to the
+	// current process is prohibited during late
+	for i, op := range *params.Ops {
+		// ops already checked during early setup
+		if err := op.late(state, k); err != nil {
+			if m, ok := messageFromError(err); ok {
+				k.fatal(msg, m)
+			} else if errors.Is(err, context.DeadlineExceeded) {
+				k.fatalf(msg, "%s deadline exceeded", op.String())
+			} else {
+				k.fatalf(msg, "cannot complete op at index %d: %v", i, err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	// early reaping has concluded, this must happen before initial process is created
+	state.processMu.Lock()
+	state.process = nil
+	state.processMu.Unlock()
+
 	if err := closeSetup(); err != nil {
 		k.fatalf(msg, "cannot close setup pipe: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -341,50 +461,11 @@ func initEntrypoint(k syscallDispatcher, msg message.Msg) {
 	cmd.ExtraFiles = extraFiles
 	cmd.Dir = params.Dir.String()
 
-	msg.Verbosef("starting initial program %s", params.Path)
+	msg.Verbosef("starting initial process %s", params.Path)
 	if err := k.start(cmd); err != nil {
 		k.fatalf(msg, "%v", err)
 	}
-
+	initialProcessStarted.Store(true)
-	type winfo struct {
-		wpid    int
-		wstatus WaitStatus
-	}
-
-	// info is closed as the wait4 thread terminates
-	// when there are no longer any processes left to reap
-	info := make(chan winfo, 1)
-
-	k.new(func(k syscallDispatcher) {
-		k.lockOSThread()
-
-		var (
-			err     error
-			wpid    = -2
-			wstatus WaitStatus
-		)
-
-		// keep going until no child process is left
-		for wpid != -1 {
-			if err != nil {
-				break
-			}
-
-			if wpid != -2 {
-				info <- winfo{wpid, wstatus}
-			}
-
-			err = EINTR
-			for errors.Is(err, EINTR) {
-				wpid, err = k.wait4(-1, &wstatus, 0, nil)
-			}
-		}
-		if !errors.Is(err, ECHILD) {
-			k.printf(msg, "unexpected wait4 response: %v", err)
-		}
-
-		close(info)
-	})
 
 	// handle signals to dump withheld messages
 	sig := make(chan os.Signal, 2)
@@ -394,7 +475,7 @@ func initEntrypoint(k syscallDispatcher, msg message.Msg) {
 	// closed after residualProcessTimeout has elapsed after initial process death
 	timeout := make(chan struct{})
 
-	r := 2
+	r := exitUnexpectedWait4
 	for {
 		select {
 		case s := <-sig:
@@ -426,6 +507,9 @@ func initEntrypoint(k syscallDispatcher, msg message.Msg) {
 			}
 
 			if w.wpid == cmd.Process.Pid {
+				// cancel Op context early
+				cancel()
+
 				// start timeout early
 				go func() { time.Sleep(params.AdoptWaitDelay); close(timeout) }()
 

container/init_test.go

@@ -1983,11 +1983,20 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("newFile", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x3a), "extra file 0"}, (*os.File)(nil), nil),
 				call("newFile", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x3b), "extra file 1"}, (*os.File)(nil), nil),
 				call("umask", stub.ExpectArgs{022}, 0, nil),
+				call("New", stub.ExpectArgs{}, nil, nil),
 				call("fatalf", stub.ExpectArgs{"cannot close setup pipe: %v", []any{stub.UniqueError(13)}}, nil, nil),
 				call("verbosef", stub.ExpectArgs{"starting initial program %s", []any{check.MustAbs("/run/current-system/sw/bin/bash")}}, nil, nil),
 				call("start", stub.ExpectArgs{"/run/current-system/sw/bin/bash", []string{"bash", "-c", "false"}, ([]string)(nil), "/.hakurei/nonexistent"}, nil, stub.UniqueError(12)),
 				call("fatalf", stub.ExpectArgs{"%v", []any{stub.UniqueError(12)}}, nil, nil),
 			},
+
+			/* wait4 */
+			Tracks: []stub.Expect{{Calls: []stub.Call{
+				call("lockOSThread", stub.ExpectArgs{}, nil, nil),
+
+				// this terminates the goroutine at the call, preventing it from leaking while preserving behaviour
+				call("wait4", stub.ExpectArgs{-1, nil, 0, nil, stub.PanicExit}, 0, syscall.ECHILD),
+			}}},
 		}, nil},
 
 		{"lowlastcap signaled cancel forward error", func(k *kstub) error { initEntrypoint(k, k); return nil }, stub.Expect{
@@ -2062,10 +2071,10 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("newFile", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x3a), "extra file 0"}, (*os.File)(nil), nil),
 				call("newFile", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x3b), "extra file 1"}, (*os.File)(nil), nil),
 				call("umask", stub.ExpectArgs{022}, 0, nil),
+				call("New", stub.ExpectArgs{}, nil, nil),
 				call("fatalf", stub.ExpectArgs{"cannot close setup pipe: %v", []any{stub.UniqueError(10)}}, nil, nil),
 				call("verbosef", stub.ExpectArgs{"starting initial program %s", []any{check.MustAbs("/run/current-system/sw/bin/bash")}}, nil, nil),
 				call("start", stub.ExpectArgs{"/run/current-system/sw/bin/bash", []string{"bash", "-c", "false"}, ([]string)(nil), "/.hakurei/nonexistent"}, &os.Process{Pid: 0xbad}, nil),
-				call("New", stub.ExpectArgs{}, nil, nil),
 				call("notify", stub.ExpectArgs{func(c chan<- os.Signal) { c <- CancelSignal }, []os.Signal{CancelSignal, os.Interrupt, syscall.SIGTERM, syscall.SIGQUIT}}, nil, nil),
 				call("verbose", stub.ExpectArgs{[]any{"forwarding context cancellation"}}, nil, nil),
 				// magicWait4Signal as ret causes wait4 stub to unblock
@@ -2162,10 +2171,10 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("newFile", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x3a), "extra file 0"}, (*os.File)(nil), nil),
 				call("newFile", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x3b), "extra file 1"}, (*os.File)(nil), nil),
 				call("umask", stub.ExpectArgs{022}, 0, nil),
+				call("New", stub.ExpectArgs{}, nil, nil),
 				call("fatalf", stub.ExpectArgs{"cannot close setup pipe: %v", []any{stub.UniqueError(7)}}, nil, nil),
 				call("verbosef", stub.ExpectArgs{"starting initial program %s", []any{check.MustAbs("/run/current-system/sw/bin/bash")}}, nil, nil),
 				call("start", stub.ExpectArgs{"/run/current-system/sw/bin/bash", []string{"bash", "-c", "false"}, ([]string)(nil), "/.hakurei/nonexistent"}, &os.Process{Pid: 0xbad}, nil),
-				call("New", stub.ExpectArgs{}, nil, nil),
 				call("notify", stub.ExpectArgs{func(c chan<- os.Signal) { c <- syscall.SIGQUIT }, []os.Signal{CancelSignal, os.Interrupt, syscall.SIGTERM, syscall.SIGQUIT}}, nil, nil),
 				call("verbosef", stub.ExpectArgs{"got %s, forwarding to initial process", []any{"quit"}}, nil, nil),
 				// magicWait4Signal as ret causes wait4 stub to unblock
@@ -2262,10 +2271,10 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("newFile", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x3a), "extra file 0"}, (*os.File)(nil), nil),
 				call("newFile", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x3b), "extra file 1"}, (*os.File)(nil), nil),
 				call("umask", stub.ExpectArgs{022}, 0, nil),
+				call("New", stub.ExpectArgs{}, nil, nil),
 				call("fatalf", stub.ExpectArgs{"cannot close setup pipe: %v", []any{stub.UniqueError(7)}}, nil, nil),
 				call("verbosef", stub.ExpectArgs{"starting initial program %s", []any{check.MustAbs("/run/current-system/sw/bin/bash")}}, nil, nil),
 				call("start", stub.ExpectArgs{"/run/current-system/sw/bin/bash", []string{"bash", "-c", "false"}, ([]string)(nil), "/.hakurei/nonexistent"}, &os.Process{Pid: 0xbad}, nil),
-				call("New", stub.ExpectArgs{}, nil, nil),
 				call("notify", stub.ExpectArgs{func(c chan<- os.Signal) { c <- os.Interrupt }, []os.Signal{CancelSignal, os.Interrupt, syscall.SIGTERM, syscall.SIGQUIT}}, nil, nil),
 				call("verbosef", stub.ExpectArgs{"got %s", []any{"interrupt"}}, nil, nil),
 				call("beforeExit", stub.ExpectArgs{}, nil, nil),
@@ -2353,10 +2362,10 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("newFile", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x3a), "extra file 0"}, (*os.File)(nil), nil),
 				call("newFile", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x3b), "extra file 1"}, (*os.File)(nil), nil),
 				call("umask", stub.ExpectArgs{022}, 0, nil),
+				call("New", stub.ExpectArgs{}, nil, nil),
 				call("fatalf", stub.ExpectArgs{"cannot close setup pipe: %v", []any{stub.UniqueError(5)}}, nil, nil),
 				call("verbosef", stub.ExpectArgs{"starting initial program %s", []any{check.MustAbs("/run/current-system/sw/bin/bash")}}, nil, nil),
 				call("start", stub.ExpectArgs{"/run/current-system/sw/bin/bash", []string{"bash", "-c", "false"}, ([]string)(nil), "/.hakurei/nonexistent"}, &os.Process{Pid: 0xbad}, nil),
-				call("New", stub.ExpectArgs{}, nil, nil),
 				call("notify", stub.ExpectArgs{nil, []os.Signal{CancelSignal, os.Interrupt, syscall.SIGTERM, syscall.SIGQUIT}}, nil, nil),
 				call("verbose", stub.ExpectArgs{[]any{os.ErrInvalid.Error()}}, nil, nil),
 				call("verbose", stub.ExpectArgs{[]any{os.ErrInvalid.Error()}}, nil, nil),
@@ -2448,10 +2457,10 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("newFile", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x3a), "extra file 0"}, (*os.File)(nil), nil),
 				call("newFile", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x3b), "extra file 1"}, (*os.File)(nil), nil),
 				call("umask", stub.ExpectArgs{022}, 0, nil),
+				call("New", stub.ExpectArgs{}, nil, nil),
 				call("fatalf", stub.ExpectArgs{"cannot close setup pipe: %v", []any{stub.UniqueError(3)}}, nil, nil),
 				call("verbosef", stub.ExpectArgs{"starting initial program %s", []any{check.MustAbs("/run/current-system/sw/bin/bash")}}, nil, nil),
 				call("start", stub.ExpectArgs{"/run/current-system/sw/bin/bash", []string{"bash", "-c", "false"}, ([]string)(nil), "/.hakurei/nonexistent"}, &os.Process{Pid: 0xbad}, nil),
-				call("New", stub.ExpectArgs{}, nil, nil),
 				call("notify", stub.ExpectArgs{nil, []os.Signal{CancelSignal, os.Interrupt, syscall.SIGTERM, syscall.SIGQUIT}}, nil, nil),
 				call("verbose", stub.ExpectArgs{[]any{os.ErrInvalid.Error()}}, nil, nil),
 				call("verbose", stub.ExpectArgs{[]any{os.ErrInvalid.Error()}}, nil, nil),
@@ -2586,10 +2595,10 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("newFile", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x3a), "extra file 0"}, (*os.File)(nil), nil),
 				call("newFile", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x3b), "extra file 1"}, (*os.File)(nil), nil),
 				call("umask", stub.ExpectArgs{022}, 0, nil),
+				call("New", stub.ExpectArgs{}, nil, nil),
 				call("fatalf", stub.ExpectArgs{"cannot close setup pipe: %v", []any{stub.UniqueError(1)}}, nil, nil),
 				call("verbosef", stub.ExpectArgs{"starting initial program %s", []any{check.MustAbs("/run/current-system/sw/bin/bash")}}, nil, nil),
 				call("start", stub.ExpectArgs{"/run/current-system/sw/bin/bash", []string{"bash", "-c", "false"}, ([]string)(nil), "/.hakurei/nonexistent"}, &os.Process{Pid: 0xbad}, nil),
-				call("New", stub.ExpectArgs{}, nil, nil),
 				call("notify", stub.ExpectArgs{nil, []os.Signal{CancelSignal, os.Interrupt, syscall.SIGTERM, syscall.SIGQUIT}}, nil, nil),
 				call("verbose", stub.ExpectArgs{[]any{os.ErrInvalid.Error()}}, nil, nil),
 				call("verbose", stub.ExpectArgs{[]any{os.ErrInvalid.Error()}}, nil, nil),
@@ -2728,10 +2737,10 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("newFile", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(11), "extra file 1"}, (*os.File)(nil), nil),
 				call("newFile", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(12), "extra file 2"}, (*os.File)(nil), nil),
 				call("umask", stub.ExpectArgs{022}, 0, nil),
+				call("New", stub.ExpectArgs{}, nil, nil),
 				call("fatalf", stub.ExpectArgs{"cannot close setup pipe: %v", []any{stub.UniqueError(0)}}, nil, nil),
 				call("verbosef", stub.ExpectArgs{"starting initial program %s", []any{check.MustAbs("/bin/zsh")}}, nil, nil),
 				call("start", stub.ExpectArgs{"/bin/zsh", []string{"zsh", "-c", "exec vim"}, []string{"DISPLAY=:0"}, "/.hakurei"}, &os.Process{Pid: 0xcafe}, nil),
-				call("New", stub.ExpectArgs{}, nil, nil),
 				call("notify", stub.ExpectArgs{nil, []os.Signal{CancelSignal, os.Interrupt, syscall.SIGTERM, syscall.SIGQUIT}}, nil, nil),
 				call("verbose", stub.ExpectArgs{[]any{os.ErrInvalid.Error()}}, nil, nil),
 				call("verbose", stub.ExpectArgs{[]any{os.ErrInvalid.Error()}}, nil, nil),

container/initbind.go

@@ -90,6 +90,7 @@ func (b *BindMountOp) apply(state *setupState, k syscallDispatcher) error {
 	}
 	return k.bindMount(state, source, target, flags)
 }
+func (b *BindMountOp) late(*setupState, syscallDispatcher) error { return nil }
 
 func (b *BindMountOp) Is(op Op) bool {
 	vb, ok := op.(*BindMountOp)

container/initdaemon.go

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+package container
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/gob"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"slices"
+	"strconv"
+	"syscall"
+	"time"
+
+	"hakurei.app/container/check"
+	"hakurei.app/container/fhs"
+)
+
+func init() { gob.Register(new(DaemonOp)) }
+
+const (
+	// daemonTimeout is the duration a [DaemonOp] is allowed to block before the
+	// [DaemonOp.Target] marker becomes available.
+	daemonTimeout = 5 * time.Second
+)
+
+// Daemon appends an [Op] that starts a daemon in the container and blocks until
+// [DaemonOp.Target] appears.
+func (f *Ops) Daemon(target, path *check.Absolute, args ...string) *Ops {
+	*f = append(*f, &DaemonOp{target, path, args})
+	return f
+}
+
+// DaemonOp starts a daemon in the container and blocks until Target appears.
+type DaemonOp struct {
+	// Pathname indicating readiness of daemon.
+	Target *check.Absolute
+	// Absolute pathname passed to [exec.Cmd].
+	Path *check.Absolute
+	// Arguments (excl. first) passed to [exec.Cmd].
+	Args []string
+}
+
+// earlyTerminationError is returned by [DaemonOp] when a daemon terminates
+// before [DaemonOp.Target] appears.
+type earlyTerminationError struct {
+	// Returned by [DaemonOp.String].
+	op string
+	// Copied from wait4 loop.
+	wstatus syscall.WaitStatus
+}
+
+func (e *earlyTerminationError) Error() string {
+	res := ""
+	switch {
+	case e.wstatus.Exited():
+		res = "exit status " + strconv.Itoa(e.wstatus.ExitStatus())
+	case e.wstatus.Signaled():
+		res = "signal: " + e.wstatus.Signal().String()
+	case e.wstatus.Stopped():
+		res = "stop signal: " + e.wstatus.StopSignal().String()
+		if e.wstatus.StopSignal() == syscall.SIGTRAP && e.wstatus.TrapCause() != 0 {
+			res += " (trap " + strconv.Itoa(e.wstatus.TrapCause()) + ")"
+		}
+	case e.wstatus.Continued():
+		res = "continued"
+	}
+	if e.wstatus.CoreDump() {
+		res += " (core dumped)"
+	}
+	return res
+}
+
+func (e *earlyTerminationError) Message() string { return e.op + " " + e.Error() }
+
+func (d *DaemonOp) Valid() bool                                { return d != nil && d.Target != nil && d.Path != nil }
+func (d *DaemonOp) early(*setupState, syscallDispatcher) error { return nil }
+func (d *DaemonOp) apply(*setupState, syscallDispatcher) error { return nil }
+func (d *DaemonOp) late(state *setupState, k syscallDispatcher) error {
+	cmd := exec.CommandContext(state.Context, d.Path.String(), d.Args...)
+	cmd.Env = state.Env
+	cmd.Dir = fhs.Root
+	if state.IsVerbose() {
+		cmd.Stdout, cmd.Stderr = os.Stdout, os.Stderr
+	}
+	// WaitDelay: left unset because lifetime is bound by AdoptWaitDelay on cancellation
+	cmd.Cancel = func() error { return cmd.Process.Signal(syscall.SIGTERM) }
+
+	state.Verbosef("starting %s", d.String())
+	if err := k.start(cmd); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	deadline := time.Now().Add(daemonTimeout)
+	var wstatusErr error
+
+	for {
+		if _, err := k.stat(d.Target.String()); err != nil {
+			if !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+				_ = k.signal(cmd, os.Kill)
+				return err
+			}
+
+			if time.Now().After(deadline) {
+				_ = k.signal(cmd, os.Kill)
+				return context.DeadlineExceeded
+			}
+
+			if wstatusErr != nil {
+				return wstatusErr
+			}
+			if wstatus, ok := state.terminated(cmd.Process.Pid); ok {
+				// check once again: process could have satisfied Target between stat and the lookup
+				wstatusErr = &earlyTerminationError{d.String(), wstatus}
+				continue
+			}
+
+			time.Sleep(500 * time.Microsecond)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		state.Verbosef("daemon process %d ready", cmd.Process.Pid)
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+func (d *DaemonOp) Is(op Op) bool {
+	vd, ok := op.(*DaemonOp)
+	return ok && d.Valid() && vd.Valid() &&
+		d.Target.Is(vd.Target) && d.Path.Is(vd.Path) &&
+		slices.Equal(d.Args, vd.Args)
+}
+func (*DaemonOp) prefix() (string, bool) { return zeroString, false }
+func (d *DaemonOp) String() string       { return fmt.Sprintf("daemon providing %q", d.Target) }

container/initdaemon_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+package container
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"testing"
+
+	"hakurei.app/container/check"
+	"hakurei.app/container/stub"
+	"hakurei.app/message"
+)
+
+func TestEarlyTerminationError(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	testCases := []struct {
+		name string
+		err  error
+		want string
+		msg  string
+	}{
+		{"exited", &earlyTerminationError{
+			`daemon providing "/run/user/1971/pulse/native"`, 127 << 8,
+		}, "exit status 127", `daemon providing "/run/user/1971/pulse/native" exit status 127`},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			if got := tc.err.Error(); got != tc.want {
+				t.Errorf("Error: %q, want %q", got, tc.want)
+			}
+			if got := tc.err.(message.Error).Message(); got != tc.msg {
+				t.Errorf("Message: %s, want %s", got, tc.msg)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDaemonOp(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	checkSimple(t, "DaemonOp.late", []simpleTestCase{
+		{"success", func(k *kstub) error {
+			state := setupState{Params: &Params{Env: []string{"\x00"}}, Context: t.Context(), Msg: k}
+			return (&DaemonOp{
+				Target: check.MustAbs("/run/user/1971/pulse/native"),
+				Path:   check.MustAbs("/run/current-system/sw/bin/pipewire-pulse"),
+				Args:   []string{"-v"},
+			}).late(&state, k)
+		}, stub.Expect{Calls: []stub.Call{
+			call("isVerbose", stub.ExpectArgs{}, true, nil),
+			call("verbosef", stub.ExpectArgs{"starting %s", []any{`daemon providing "/run/user/1971/pulse/native"`}}, nil, nil),
+			call("start", stub.ExpectArgs{"/run/current-system/sw/bin/pipewire-pulse", []string{"/run/current-system/sw/bin/pipewire-pulse", "-v"}, []string{"\x00"}, "/"}, &os.Process{Pid: 0xcafe}, nil),
+			call("stat", stub.ExpectArgs{"/run/user/1971/pulse/native"}, isDirFi(false), os.ErrNotExist),
+			call("stat", stub.ExpectArgs{"/run/user/1971/pulse/native"}, isDirFi(false), os.ErrNotExist),
+			call("stat", stub.ExpectArgs{"/run/user/1971/pulse/native"}, isDirFi(false), os.ErrNotExist),
+			call("stat", stub.ExpectArgs{"/run/user/1971/pulse/native"}, isDirFi(false), nil),
+			call("verbosef", stub.ExpectArgs{"daemon process %d ready", []any{0xcafe}}, nil, nil),
+		}}, nil},
+	})
+
+	checkOpsValid(t, []opValidTestCase{
+		{"nil", (*DaemonOp)(nil), false},
+		{"zero", new(DaemonOp), false},
+		{"valid", &DaemonOp{
+			Target: check.MustAbs("/run/user/1971/pulse/native"),
+			Path:   check.MustAbs("/run/current-system/sw/bin/pipewire-pulse"),
+			Args:   []string{"-v"},
+		}, true},
+	})
+
+	checkOpsBuilder(t, []opsBuilderTestCase{
+		{"pipewire-pulse", new(Ops).Daemon(
+			check.MustAbs("/run/user/1971/pulse/native"),
+			check.MustAbs("/run/current-system/sw/bin/pipewire-pulse"), "-v",
+		), Ops{
+			&DaemonOp{
+				Target: check.MustAbs("/run/user/1971/pulse/native"),
+				Path:   check.MustAbs("/run/current-system/sw/bin/pipewire-pulse"),
+				Args:   []string{"-v"},
+			},
+		}},
+	})
+
+	checkOpIs(t, []opIsTestCase{
+		{"zero", new(DaemonOp), new(DaemonOp), false},
+
+		{"args differs", &DaemonOp{
+			Target: check.MustAbs("/run/user/1971/pulse/native"),
+			Path:   check.MustAbs("/run/current-system/sw/bin/pipewire-pulse"),
+			Args:   []string{"-v"},
+		}, &DaemonOp{
+			Target: check.MustAbs("/run/user/1971/pulse/native"),
+			Path:   check.MustAbs("/run/current-system/sw/bin/pipewire-pulse"),
+		}, false},
+
+		{"path differs", &DaemonOp{
+			Target: check.MustAbs("/run/user/1971/pulse/native"),
+			Path:   check.MustAbs("/run/current-system/sw/bin/pipewire"),
+		}, &DaemonOp{
+			Target: check.MustAbs("/run/user/1971/pulse/native"),
+			Path:   check.MustAbs("/run/current-system/sw/bin/pipewire-pulse"),
+		}, false},
+
+		{"target differs", &DaemonOp{
+			Target: check.MustAbs("/run/user/65534/pulse/native"),
+			Path:   check.MustAbs("/run/current-system/sw/bin/pipewire-pulse"),
+		}, &DaemonOp{
+			Target: check.MustAbs("/run/user/1971/pulse/native"),
+			Path:   check.MustAbs("/run/current-system/sw/bin/pipewire-pulse"),
+		}, false},
+
+		{"equals", &DaemonOp{
+			Target: check.MustAbs("/run/user/1971/pulse/native"),
+			Path:   check.MustAbs("/run/current-system/sw/bin/pipewire-pulse"),
+		}, &DaemonOp{
+			Target: check.MustAbs("/run/user/1971/pulse/native"),
+			Path:   check.MustAbs("/run/current-system/sw/bin/pipewire-pulse"),
+		}, true},
+	})
+
+	checkOpMeta(t, []opMetaTestCase{
+		{"pipewire-pulse", &DaemonOp{
+			Target: check.MustAbs("/run/user/1971/pulse/native"),
+		}, zeroString, `daemon providing "/run/user/1971/pulse/native"`},
+	})
+}

container/initdev.go

@@ -126,6 +126,7 @@ func (d *MountDevOp) apply(state *setupState, k syscallDispatcher) error {
 	}
 	return k.mountTmpfs(SourceTmpfs, devShmPath, MS_NOSUID|MS_NODEV, 0, 01777)
 }
+func (d *MountDevOp) late(*setupState, syscallDispatcher) error { return nil }
 
 func (d *MountDevOp) Is(op Op) bool {
 	vd, ok := op.(*MountDevOp)

container/initmkdir.go

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ func (m *MkdirOp) early(*setupState, syscallDispatcher) error { return nil }
 func (m *MkdirOp) apply(_ *setupState, k syscallDispatcher) error {
 	return k.mkdirAll(toSysroot(m.Path.String()), m.Perm)
 }
+func (m *MkdirOp) late(*setupState, syscallDispatcher) error { return nil }
 
 func (m *MkdirOp) Is(op Op) bool {
 	vm, ok := op.(*MkdirOp)

container/initoverlay.go

@@ -205,6 +205,8 @@ func (o *MountOverlayOp) apply(state *setupState, k syscallDispatcher) error {
 	return k.mount(SourceOverlay, target, FstypeOverlay, 0, strings.Join(options, check.SpecialOverlayOption))
 }
 
+func (o *MountOverlayOp) late(*setupState, syscallDispatcher) error { return nil }
+
 func (o *MountOverlayOp) Is(op Op) bool {
 	vo, ok := op.(*MountOverlayOp)
 	return ok && o.Valid() && vo.Valid() &&

container/initplace.go

@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ func (t *TmpfileOp) apply(state *setupState, k syscallDispatcher) error {
 	}
 	return nil
 }
+func (t *TmpfileOp) late(*setupState, syscallDispatcher) error { return nil }
 
 func (t *TmpfileOp) Is(op Op) bool {
 	vt, ok := op.(*TmpfileOp)

container/initproc.go

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ func (p *MountProcOp) apply(state *setupState, k syscallDispatcher) error {
 	}
 	return k.mount(SourceProc, target, FstypeProc, MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV, zeroString)
 }
+func (p *MountProcOp) late(*setupState, syscallDispatcher) error { return nil }
 
 func (p *MountProcOp) Is(op Op) bool {
 	vp, ok := op.(*MountProcOp)

container/initremount.go

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ func (*RemountOp) early(*setupState, syscallDispatcher) error { return nil }
 func (r *RemountOp) apply(state *setupState, k syscallDispatcher) error {
 	return k.remount(state, toSysroot(r.Target.String()), r.Flags)
 }
+func (r *RemountOp) late(*setupState, syscallDispatcher) error { return nil }
 
 func (r *RemountOp) Is(op Op) bool {
 	vr, ok := op.(*RemountOp)

container/initsymlink.go

@@ -50,6 +50,8 @@ func (l *SymlinkOp) apply(state *setupState, k syscallDispatcher) error {
 	return k.symlink(l.LinkName, target)
 }
 
+func (l *SymlinkOp) late(*setupState, syscallDispatcher) error { return nil }
+
 func (l *SymlinkOp) Is(op Op) bool {
 	vl, ok := op.(*SymlinkOp)
 	return ok && l.Valid() && vl.Valid() &&

container/inittmpfs.go

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ func (t *MountTmpfsOp) apply(_ *setupState, k syscallDispatcher) error {
 	}
 	return k.mountTmpfs(t.FSName, toSysroot(t.Path.String()), t.Flags, t.Size, t.Perm)
 }
+func (t *MountTmpfsOp) late(*setupState, syscallDispatcher) error { return nil }
 
 func (t *MountTmpfsOp) Is(op Op) bool {
 	vt, ok := op.(*MountTmpfsOp)

dist/comp/_hakurei

@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@ _hakurei_run() {
     '--wayland[Enable connection to Wayland via security-context-v1]' \
     '-X[Enable direct connection to X11]' \
     '--dbus[Enable proxied connection to D-Bus]' \
-    '--pulse[Enable direct connection to PulseAudio]' \
+    '--pipewire[Enable connection to PipeWire via SecurityContext]' \
+    '--pulse[Enable PulseAudio compatibility daemon]' \
     '--dbus-config[Path to session bus proxy config file]: :_files -g "*.json"' \
     '--dbus-system[Path to system bus proxy config file]: :_files -g "*.json"' \
     '--mpris[Allow owning MPRIS D-Bus path]' \

hst/config.go

@@ -23,9 +23,20 @@ type Config struct {
 	// System D-Bus proxy configuration.
 	// If set to nil, system bus proxy is disabled.
 	SystemBus *BusConfig `json:"system_bus,omitempty"`
+
 	// Direct access to wayland socket, no attempt is made to attach security-context-v1
 	// and the bare socket is made available to the container.
+	//
+	// This option is unsupported and most likely enables full control over the Wayland
+	// session. Do not set this to true unless you are sure you know what you are doing.
 	DirectWayland bool `json:"direct_wayland,omitempty"`
+	// Direct access to PulseAudio socket, no attempt is made to establish pipewire-pulse
+	// server via a PipeWire socket with a SecurityContext attached and the bare socket
+	// is made available to the container.
+	//
+	// This option is unsupported and enables arbitrary code execution as the PulseAudio
+	// server. Do not set this to true, this is insecure under any configuration.
+	DirectPulse bool `json:"direct_pulse,omitempty"`
 
 	// Extra acl updates to perform before setuid.
 	ExtraPerms []ExtraPermConfig `json:"extra_perms,omitempty"`
@@ -49,6 +60,9 @@ var (
 
 	// ErrEnviron is returned by [Config.Validate] if an environment variable name contains '=' or NUL.
 	ErrEnviron = errors.New("invalid environment variable name")
+
+	// ErrInsecure is returned by [Config.Validate] if the configuration is considered insecure.
+	ErrInsecure = errors.New("configuration is insecure")
 )
 
 // Validate checks [Config] and returns [AppError] if an invalid value is encountered.
@@ -95,6 +109,11 @@ func (config *Config) Validate() error {
 		}
 	}
 
+	if et := config.Enablements.Unwrap(); !config.DirectPulse && et&EPulse != 0 {
+		return &AppError{Step: "validate configuration", Err: ErrInsecure,
+			Msg: "enablement PulseAudio is insecure and no longer supported"}
+	}
+
 	return nil
 }
 

hst/config_test.go

@@ -53,6 +53,12 @@ func TestConfigValidate(t *testing.T) {
 			Env:   map[string]string{"TERM\x00": ""},
 		}}, &hst.AppError{Step: "validate configuration", Err: hst.ErrEnviron,
 			Msg: `invalid environment variable "TERM\x00"`}},
+		{"insecure pulse", &hst.Config{Enablements: hst.NewEnablements(hst.EPulse), Container: &hst.ContainerConfig{
+			Home:  fhs.AbsTmp,
+			Shell: fhs.AbsTmp,
+			Path:  fhs.AbsTmp,
+		}}, &hst.AppError{Step: "validate configuration", Err: hst.ErrInsecure,
+			Msg: "enablement PulseAudio is insecure and no longer supported"}},
 		{"valid", &hst.Config{Container: &hst.ContainerConfig{
 			Home:  fhs.AbsTmp,
 			Shell: fhs.AbsTmp,

hst/enablement.go

@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ const (
 	EX11
 	// EDBus enables the per-container xdg-dbus-proxy daemon.
 	EDBus
+	// EPipeWire exposes a pipewire pathname socket via SecurityContext.
+	EPipeWire
 	// EPulse copies the PulseAudio cookie to [hst.PrivateTmp] and exposes the PulseAudio socket.
 	EPulse
 
@@ -35,6 +37,8 @@ func (e Enablement) String() string {
 		return "x11"
 	case EDBus:
 		return "dbus"
+	case EPipeWire:
+		return "pipewire"
 	case EPulse:
 		return "pulseaudio"
 	default:
@@ -62,10 +66,11 @@ type Enablements Enablement
 
 // enablementsJSON is the [json] representation of [Enablements].
 type enablementsJSON = struct {
-	Wayland bool `json:"wayland,omitempty"`
+	Wayland  bool `json:"wayland,omitempty"`
-	X11     bool `json:"x11,omitempty"`
+	X11      bool `json:"x11,omitempty"`
-	DBus    bool `json:"dbus,omitempty"`
+	DBus     bool `json:"dbus,omitempty"`
-	Pulse   bool `json:"pulse,omitempty"`
+	PipeWire bool `json:"pipewire,omitempty"`
+	Pulse    bool `json:"pulse,omitempty"`
 }
 
 // Unwrap returns the underlying [Enablement].
@@ -81,10 +86,11 @@ func (e *Enablements) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 		return nil, syscall.EINVAL
 	}
 	return json.Marshal(&enablementsJSON{
-		Wayland: Enablement(*e)&EWayland != 0,
+		Wayland:  Enablement(*e)&EWayland != 0,
-		X11:     Enablement(*e)&EX11 != 0,
+		X11:      Enablement(*e)&EX11 != 0,
-		DBus:    Enablement(*e)&EDBus != 0,
+		DBus:     Enablement(*e)&EDBus != 0,
-		Pulse:   Enablement(*e)&EPulse != 0,
+		PipeWire: Enablement(*e)&EPipeWire != 0,
+		Pulse:    Enablement(*e)&EPulse != 0,
 	})
 }
 
@@ -108,6 +114,9 @@ func (e *Enablements) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 	if v.DBus {
 		ve |= EDBus
 	}
+	if v.PipeWire {
+		ve |= EPipeWire
+	}
 	if v.Pulse {
 		ve |= EPulse
 	}

hst/enablement_test.go

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ func TestEnablementString(t *testing.T) {
 		{hst.EWayland | hst.EDBus | hst.EPulse, "wayland, dbus, pulseaudio"},
 		{hst.EX11 | hst.EDBus | hst.EPulse, "x11, dbus, pulseaudio"},
 		{hst.EWayland | hst.EX11 | hst.EDBus | hst.EPulse, "wayland, x11, dbus, pulseaudio"},
+		{hst.EM - 1, "wayland, x11, dbus, pipewire, pulseaudio"},
 
 		{1 << 5, "e20"},
 		{1 << 6, "e40"},
@@ -62,8 +63,9 @@ func TestEnablements(t *testing.T) {
 		{"wayland", hst.NewEnablements(hst.EWayland), `{"wayland":true}`, `{"value":{"wayland":true},"magic":3236757504}`},
 		{"x11", hst.NewEnablements(hst.EX11), `{"x11":true}`, `{"value":{"x11":true},"magic":3236757504}`},
 		{"dbus", hst.NewEnablements(hst.EDBus), `{"dbus":true}`, `{"value":{"dbus":true},"magic":3236757504}`},
+		{"pipewire", hst.NewEnablements(hst.EPipeWire), `{"pipewire":true}`, `{"value":{"pipewire":true},"magic":3236757504}`},
 		{"pulse", hst.NewEnablements(hst.EPulse), `{"pulse":true}`, `{"value":{"pulse":true},"magic":3236757504}`},
-		{"all", hst.NewEnablements(hst.EWayland | hst.EX11 | hst.EDBus | hst.EPulse), `{"wayland":true,"x11":true,"dbus":true,"pulse":true}`, `{"value":{"wayland":true,"x11":true,"dbus":true,"pulse":true},"magic":3236757504}`},
+		{"all", hst.NewEnablements(hst.EM - 1), `{"wayland":true,"x11":true,"dbus":true,"pipewire":true,"pulse":true}`, `{"value":{"wayland":true,"x11":true,"dbus":true,"pipewire":true,"pulse":true},"magic":3236757504}`},
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {

hst/fs.go

@@ -45,6 +45,9 @@ type Ops interface {
 	Root(host *check.Absolute, flags int) Ops
 	// Etc appends an op that expands host /etc into a toplevel symlink mirror with /etc semantics.
 	Etc(host *check.Absolute, prefix string) Ops
+
+	// Daemon appends an op that starts a daemon in the container and blocks until target appears.
+	Daemon(target, path *check.Absolute, args ...string) Ops
 }
 
 // ApplyState holds the address of [Ops] and any relevant application state.
@@ -124,6 +127,12 @@ func (f *FilesystemConfigJSON) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
 			*FSLink
 		}{fsType{FilesystemLink}, cv}
 
+	case *FSDaemon:
+		v = &struct {
+			fsType
+			*FSDaemon
+		}{fsType{FilesystemDaemon}, cv}
+
 	default:
 		return nil, FSImplError{f.FilesystemConfig}
 	}
@@ -152,6 +161,9 @@ func (f *FilesystemConfigJSON) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 	case FilesystemLink:
 		*f = FilesystemConfigJSON{new(FSLink)}
 
+	case FilesystemDaemon:
+		*f = FilesystemConfigJSON{new(FSDaemon)}
+
 	default:
 		return FSTypeError(t.Type)
 	}

hst/fs_test.go

@@ -84,6 +84,16 @@ func TestFilesystemConfigJSON(t *testing.T) {
 		}, nil,
 			`{"type":"link","dst":"/run/current-system","linkname":"/run/current-system","dereference":true}`,
 			`{"fs":{"type":"link","dst":"/run/current-system","linkname":"/run/current-system","dereference":true},"magic":3236757504}`},
+
+		{"daemon", hst.FilesystemConfigJSON{
+			FilesystemConfig: &hst.FSDaemon{
+				Target: m("/run/user/1971/pulse/native"),
+				Exec:   m("/run/current-system/sw/bin/pipewire-pulse"),
+				Args:   []string{"-v"},
+			},
+		}, nil,
+			`{"type":"daemon","dst":"/run/user/1971/pulse/native","path":"/run/current-system/sw/bin/pipewire-pulse","args":["-v"]}`,
+			`{"fs":{"type":"daemon","dst":"/run/user/1971/pulse/native","path":"/run/current-system/sw/bin/pipewire-pulse","args":["-v"]},"magic":3236757504}`},
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
@@ -345,6 +355,10 @@ func (p opsAdapter) Etc(host *check.Absolute, prefix string) hst.Ops {
 	return opsAdapter{p.Ops.Etc(host, prefix)}
 }
 
+func (p opsAdapter) Daemon(target, path *check.Absolute, args ...string) hst.Ops {
+	return opsAdapter{p.Ops.Daemon(target, path, args...)}
+}
+
 func m(pathname string) *check.Absolute { return check.MustAbs(pathname) }
 func ms(pathnames ...string) []*check.Absolute {
 	as := make([]*check.Absolute, len(pathnames))

hst/fsdaemon.go

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+package hst
+
+import (
+	"encoding/gob"
+
+	"hakurei.app/container/check"
+)
+
+func init() { gob.Register(new(FSDaemon)) }
+
+// FilesystemDaemon is the type string of a daemon.
+const FilesystemDaemon = "daemon"
+
+// FSDaemon represents a daemon to be started in the container.
+type FSDaemon struct {
+	// Pathname indicating readiness of daemon.
+	Target *check.Absolute `json:"dst"`
+	// Absolute pathname to daemon executable file.
+	Exec *check.Absolute `json:"path"`
+	// Arguments (excl. first) passed to daemon.
+	Args []string `json:"args"`
+}
+
+func (d *FSDaemon) Valid() bool { return d != nil && d.Target != nil && d.Exec != nil }
+
+func (d *FSDaemon) Path() *check.Absolute {
+	if !d.Valid() {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return d.Target
+}
+
+func (d *FSDaemon) Host() []*check.Absolute { return nil }
+
+func (d *FSDaemon) Apply(z *ApplyState) {
+	if !d.Valid() {
+		return
+	}
+	z.Daemon(d.Target, d.Exec, d.Args...)
+}
+
+func (d *FSDaemon) String() string {
+	if !d.Valid() {
+		return "<invalid>"
+	}
+
+	return "daemon:" + d.Target.String()
+}

hst/fsdaemon_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+package hst_test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"hakurei.app/container"
+	"hakurei.app/hst"
+)
+
+func TestFSDaemon(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	checkFs(t, []fsTestCase{
+		{"nil", (*hst.FSDaemon)(nil), false, nil, nil, nil, "<invalid>"},
+		{"zero", new(hst.FSDaemon), false, nil, nil, nil, "<invalid>"},
+
+		{"pipewire-pulse", &hst.FSDaemon{
+			Target: m("/run/user/1971/pulse/native"),
+			Exec:   m("/run/current-system/sw/bin/pipewire-pulse"),
+			Args:   []string{"-v"},
+		}, true, container.Ops{
+			&container.DaemonOp{
+				Target: m("/run/user/1971/pulse/native"),
+				Path:   m("/run/current-system/sw/bin/pipewire-pulse"),
+				Args:   []string{"-v"},
+			},
+		}, m("/run/user/1971/pulse/native"), nil, `daemon:/run/user/1971/pulse/native`},
+	})
+}

hst/hst.go

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ func Template() *Config {
 	return &Config{
 		ID: "org.chromium.Chromium",
 
-		Enablements: NewEnablements(EWayland | EDBus | EPulse),
+		Enablements: NewEnablements(EWayland | EDBus | EPipeWire),
 
 		SessionBus: &BusConfig{
 			See: nil,
@@ -92,7 +92,6 @@ func Template() *Config {
 			Log:       false,
 			Filter:    true,
 		},
-		DirectWayland: false,
 
 		ExtraPerms: []ExtraPermConfig{
 			{Path: fhs.AbsVarLib.Append("hakurei/u0"), Ensure: true, Execute: true},

hst/hst_test.go

@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ func TestTemplate(t *testing.T) {
 	"enablements": {
 		"wayland": true,
 		"dbus": true,
-		"pulse": true
+		"pipewire": true
 	},
 	"session_bus": {
 		"see": null,

internal/outcome/outcome.go

@@ -172,6 +172,8 @@ type outcomeStateSys struct {
 
 	// Copied from [hst.Config]. Safe for read by spWaylandOp.toSystem only.
 	directWayland bool
+	// Copied from [hst.Config]. Safe for read by spPulseOp.toSystem only.
+	directPulse bool
 	// Copied header from [hst.Config]. Safe for read by spFilesystemOp.toSystem only.
 	extraPerms []hst.ExtraPermConfig
 	// Copied address from [hst.Config]. Safe for read by spDBusOp.toSystem only.
@@ -185,7 +187,8 @@ type outcomeStateSys struct {
 func (s *outcomeState) newSys(config *hst.Config, sys *system.I) *outcomeStateSys {
 	return &outcomeStateSys{
 		appId: config.ID, et: config.Enablements.Unwrap(),
-		directWayland: config.DirectWayland, extraPerms: config.ExtraPerms,
+		directWayland: config.DirectWayland, directPulse: config.DirectPulse,
+		extraPerms: config.ExtraPerms,
 		sessionBus: config.SessionBus, systemBus: config.SystemBus,
 		sys: sys, outcomeState: s,
 	}
@@ -292,6 +295,7 @@ func (state *outcomeStateSys) toSystem() error {
 		// optional via enablements
 		&spWaylandOp{},
 		&spX11Op{},
+		spPipeWireOp{},
 		&spPulseOp{},
 		&spDBusOp{},
 

internal/outcome/run_test.go

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ import (
 	"hakurei.app/message"
 )
 
-func TestOutcomeMain(t *testing.T) {
+func TestOutcomeRun(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	msg := message.New(nil)
 	msg.SwapVerbose(testing.Verbose())
@@ -67,18 +67,8 @@ func TestOutcomeMain(t *testing.T) {
 				"aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa",
 			).
 
-			// ensureRuntimeDir
+			// spPipeWireOp
-			Ensure(m("/run/user/1971"), 0700).
+			PipeWire(m("/tmp/hakurei.0/aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/pipewire")).
-			UpdatePermType(system.User, m("/run/user/1971"), acl.Execute).
-			Ensure(m("/run/user/1971/hakurei"), 0700).
-			UpdatePermType(system.User, m("/run/user/1971/hakurei"), acl.Execute).
-
-			// runtime
-			Ephemeral(system.Process, m("/run/user/1971/hakurei/aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa"), 0700).
-			UpdatePerm(m("/run/user/1971/hakurei/aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa"), acl.Execute).
-
-			// spPulseOp
-			Link(m("/run/user/1971/pulse/native"), m("/run/user/1971/hakurei/aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/pulse")).
 
 			// spDBusOp
 			MustProxyDBus(
@@ -106,8 +96,7 @@ func TestOutcomeMain(t *testing.T) {
 				"GOOGLE_DEFAULT_CLIENT_ID=77185425430.apps.googleusercontent.com",
 				"GOOGLE_DEFAULT_CLIENT_SECRET=OTJgUOQcT7lO7GsGZq2G4IlT",
 				"HOME=/data/data/org.chromium.Chromium",
-				"PULSE_COOKIE=/.hakurei/pulse-cookie",
+				"PIPEWIRE_REMOTE=/run/user/1971/pipewire-0",
-				"PULSE_SERVER=unix:/run/user/1971/pulse/native",
 				"SHELL=/run/current-system/sw/bin/zsh",
 				"TERM=xterm-256color",
 				"USER=chronos",
@@ -144,7 +133,7 @@ func TestOutcomeMain(t *testing.T) {
 				Tmpfs(fhs.AbsDevShm, 0, 01777).
 
 				// spRuntimeOp
-				Tmpfs(fhs.AbsRunUser, 1<<12, 0755).
+				Tmpfs(fhs.AbsRunUser, xdgRuntimeDirSize, 0755).
 				Bind(m("/tmp/hakurei.0/runtime/9"), m("/run/user/1971"), std.BindWritable).
 
 				// spTmpdirOp
@@ -157,9 +146,8 @@ func TestOutcomeMain(t *testing.T) {
 				// spWaylandOp
 				Bind(m("/tmp/hakurei.0/aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/wayland"), m("/run/user/1971/wayland-0"), 0).
 
-				// spPulseOp
+				// spPipeWireOp
-				Bind(m("/run/user/1971/hakurei/aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/pulse"), m("/run/user/1971/pulse/native"), 0).
+				Bind(m("/tmp/hakurei.0/aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/pipewire"), m("/run/user/1971/pipewire-0"), 0).
-				Place(m("/.hakurei/pulse-cookie"), bytes.Repeat([]byte{0}, pulseCookieSizeMax)).
 
 				// spDBusOp
 				Bind(m("/tmp/hakurei.0/aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa/bus"), m("/run/user/1971/bus"), 0).
@@ -244,7 +232,7 @@ func TestOutcomeMain(t *testing.T) {
 				Tmpfs(hst.AbsPrivateTmp, 4096, 0755).
 				DevWritable(m("/dev/"), true).
 				Tmpfs(m("/dev/shm/"), 0, 01777).
-				Tmpfs(m("/run/user/"), 4096, 0755).
+				Tmpfs(m("/run/user/"), xdgRuntimeDirSize, 0755).
 				Bind(m("/tmp/hakurei.0/runtime/0"), m("/run/user/65534"), std.BindWritable).
 				Bind(m("/tmp/hakurei.0/tmpdir/0"), m("/tmp/"), std.BindWritable).
 				Place(m("/etc/passwd"), []byte("chronos:x:65534:65534:Hakurei:/home/chronos:/run/current-system/sw/bin/zsh\n")).
@@ -298,7 +286,7 @@ func TestOutcomeMain(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 				Filter: true,
 			},
-			Enablements: hst.NewEnablements(hst.EWayland | hst.EDBus | hst.EPulse),
+			Enablements: hst.NewEnablements(hst.EWayland | hst.EDBus | hst.EPipeWire | hst.EPulse),
 
 			Container: &hst.ContainerConfig{
 				Filesystem: []hst.FilesystemConfigJSON{
@@ -347,10 +335,7 @@ func TestOutcomeMain(t *testing.T) {
 			Ensure(m("/tmp/hakurei.0/tmpdir/9"), 01700).UpdatePermType(system.User, m("/tmp/hakurei.0/tmpdir/9"), acl.Read, acl.Write, acl.Execute).
 			Ephemeral(system.Process, m("/tmp/hakurei.0/ebf083d1b175911782d413369b64ce7c"), 0711).
 			Wayland(m("/tmp/hakurei.0/ebf083d1b175911782d413369b64ce7c/wayland"), m("/run/user/1971/wayland-0"), "org.chromium.Chromium", "ebf083d1b175911782d413369b64ce7c").
-			Ensure(m("/run/user/1971"), 0700).UpdatePermType(system.User, m("/run/user/1971"), acl.Execute). // this is ordered as is because the previous Ensure only calls mkdir if XDG_RUNTIME_DIR is unset
+			PipeWire(m("/tmp/hakurei.0/ebf083d1b175911782d413369b64ce7c/pipewire")).
-			Ensure(m("/run/user/1971/hakurei"), 0700).UpdatePermType(system.User, m("/run/user/1971/hakurei"), acl.Execute).
-			Ephemeral(system.Process, m("/run/user/1971/hakurei/ebf083d1b175911782d413369b64ce7c"), 0700).UpdatePermType(system.Process, m("/run/user/1971/hakurei/ebf083d1b175911782d413369b64ce7c"), acl.Execute).
-			Link(m("/run/user/1971/pulse/native"), m("/run/user/1971/hakurei/ebf083d1b175911782d413369b64ce7c/pulse")).
 			MustProxyDBus(&hst.BusConfig{
 				Talk: []string{
 					"org.freedesktop.Notifications",
@@ -397,8 +382,7 @@ func TestOutcomeMain(t *testing.T) {
 				"DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:path=/run/user/65534/bus",
 				"DBUS_SYSTEM_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:path=/var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket",
 				"HOME=/home/chronos",
-				"PULSE_COOKIE=" + hst.PrivateTmp + "/pulse-cookie",
+				"PIPEWIRE_REMOTE=/run/user/65534/pipewire-0",
-				"PULSE_SERVER=unix:/run/user/65534/pulse/native",
 				"SHELL=/run/current-system/sw/bin/zsh",
 				"TERM=xterm-256color",
 				"USER=chronos",
@@ -413,14 +397,13 @@ func TestOutcomeMain(t *testing.T) {
 				Tmpfs(hst.AbsPrivateTmp, 4096, 0755).
 				DevWritable(m("/dev/"), true).
 				Tmpfs(m("/dev/shm/"), 0, 01777).
-				Tmpfs(m("/run/user/"), 4096, 0755).
+				Tmpfs(m("/run/user/"), xdgRuntimeDirSize, 0755).
 				Bind(m("/tmp/hakurei.0/runtime/9"), m("/run/user/65534"), std.BindWritable).
 				Bind(m("/tmp/hakurei.0/tmpdir/9"), m("/tmp/"), std.BindWritable).
 				Place(m("/etc/passwd"), []byte("chronos:x:65534:65534:Hakurei:/home/chronos:/run/current-system/sw/bin/zsh\n")).
 				Place(m("/etc/group"), []byte("hakurei:x:65534:\n")).
 				Bind(m("/tmp/hakurei.0/ebf083d1b175911782d413369b64ce7c/wayland"), m("/run/user/65534/wayland-0"), 0).
-				Bind(m("/run/user/1971/hakurei/ebf083d1b175911782d413369b64ce7c/pulse"), m("/run/user/65534/pulse/native"), 0).
+				Bind(m("/tmp/hakurei.0/ebf083d1b175911782d413369b64ce7c/pipewire"), m("/run/user/65534/pipewire-0"), 0).
-				Place(m(hst.PrivateTmp+"/pulse-cookie"), bytes.Repeat([]byte{0}, pulseCookieSizeMax)).
 				Bind(m("/tmp/hakurei.0/ebf083d1b175911782d413369b64ce7c/bus"), m("/run/user/65534/bus"), 0).
 				Bind(m("/tmp/hakurei.0/ebf083d1b175911782d413369b64ce7c/system_bus_socket"), m("/var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket"), 0).
 				Bind(m("/dev/dri"), m("/dev/dri"), std.BindWritable|std.BindDevice|std.BindOptional).
@@ -440,7 +423,7 @@ func TestOutcomeMain(t *testing.T) {
 
 		{"nixos chromium direct wayland", new(stubNixOS), &hst.Config{
 			ID:          "org.chromium.Chromium",
-			Enablements: hst.NewEnablements(hst.EWayland | hst.EDBus | hst.EPulse),
+			Enablements: hst.NewEnablements(hst.EWayland | hst.EDBus | hst.EPipeWire | hst.EPulse),
 			Container: &hst.ContainerConfig{
 				Env: nil,
 				Filesystem: []hst.FilesystemConfigJSON{
@@ -502,9 +485,8 @@ func TestOutcomeMain(t *testing.T) {
 			Ensure(m("/run/user/1971"), 0700).UpdatePermType(system.User, m("/run/user/1971"), acl.Execute). // this is ordered as is because the previous Ensure only calls mkdir if XDG_RUNTIME_DIR is unset
 			Ensure(m("/run/user/1971/hakurei"), 0700).UpdatePermType(system.User, m("/run/user/1971/hakurei"), acl.Execute).
 			UpdatePermType(hst.EWayland, m("/run/user/1971/wayland-0"), acl.Read, acl.Write, acl.Execute).
-			Ephemeral(system.Process, m("/run/user/1971/hakurei/8e2c76b066dabe574cf073bdb46eb5c1"), 0700).UpdatePermType(system.Process, m("/run/user/1971/hakurei/8e2c76b066dabe574cf073bdb46eb5c1"), acl.Execute).
-			Link(m("/run/user/1971/pulse/native"), m("/run/user/1971/hakurei/8e2c76b066dabe574cf073bdb46eb5c1/pulse")).
 			Ephemeral(system.Process, m("/tmp/hakurei.0/8e2c76b066dabe574cf073bdb46eb5c1"), 0711).
+			PipeWire(m("/tmp/hakurei.0/8e2c76b066dabe574cf073bdb46eb5c1/pipewire")).
 			MustProxyDBus(&hst.BusConfig{
 				Talk: []string{
 					"org.freedesktop.FileManager1", "org.freedesktop.Notifications",
@@ -544,8 +526,7 @@ func TestOutcomeMain(t *testing.T) {
 				"DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:path=/run/user/1971/bus",
 				"DBUS_SYSTEM_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:path=/var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket",
 				"HOME=/var/lib/persist/module/hakurei/0/1",
-				"PULSE_COOKIE=" + hst.PrivateTmp + "/pulse-cookie",
+				"PIPEWIRE_REMOTE=/run/user/1971/pipewire-0",
-				"PULSE_SERVER=unix:/run/user/1971/pulse/native",
 				"SHELL=/run/current-system/sw/bin/zsh",
 				"TERM=xterm-256color",
 				"USER=u0_a1",
@@ -559,14 +540,13 @@ func TestOutcomeMain(t *testing.T) {
 				Tmpfs(hst.AbsPrivateTmp, 4096, 0755).
 				DevWritable(m("/dev/"), true).
 				Tmpfs(m("/dev/shm/"), 0, 01777).
-				Tmpfs(m("/run/user/"), 4096, 0755).
+				Tmpfs(m("/run/user/"), xdgRuntimeDirSize, 0755).
 				Bind(m("/tmp/hakurei.0/runtime/1"), m("/run/user/1971"), std.BindWritable).
 				Bind(m("/tmp/hakurei.0/tmpdir/1"), m("/tmp/"), std.BindWritable).
 				Place(m("/etc/passwd"), []byte("u0_a1:x:1971:100:Hakurei:/var/lib/persist/module/hakurei/0/1:/run/current-system/sw/bin/zsh\n")).
 				Place(m("/etc/group"), []byte("hakurei:x:100:\n")).
 				Bind(m("/run/user/1971/wayland-0"), m("/run/user/1971/wayland-0"), 0).
-				Bind(m("/run/user/1971/hakurei/8e2c76b066dabe574cf073bdb46eb5c1/pulse"), m("/run/user/1971/pulse/native"), 0).
+				Bind(m("/tmp/hakurei.0/8e2c76b066dabe574cf073bdb46eb5c1/pipewire"), m("/run/user/1971/pipewire-0"), 0).
-				Place(m(hst.PrivateTmp+"/pulse-cookie"), bytes.Repeat([]byte{0}, pulseCookieSizeMax)).
 				Bind(m("/tmp/hakurei.0/8e2c76b066dabe574cf073bdb46eb5c1/bus"), m("/run/user/1971/bus"), 0).
 				Bind(m("/tmp/hakurei.0/8e2c76b066dabe574cf073bdb46eb5c1/system_bus_socket"), m("/var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket"), 0).
 				Bind(m("/bin"), m("/bin"), 0).

internal/outcome/shim_test.go

@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ func TestShimEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 			Tmpfs(fhs.AbsDevShm, 0, 01777).
 
 			// spRuntimeOp
-			Tmpfs(fhs.AbsRunUser, 1<<12, 0755).
+			Tmpfs(fhs.AbsRunUser, xdgRuntimeDirSize, 0755).
 			Bind(m("/tmp/hakurei.10/runtime/9999"), m("/run/user/1000"), std.BindWritable).
 
 			// spTmpdirOp

internal/outcome/spcontainer.go

@@ -382,6 +382,10 @@ func (p opsAdapter) Link(target *check.Absolute, linkName string, dereference bo
 	return opsAdapter{p.Ops.Link(target, linkName, dereference)}
 }
 
+func (p opsAdapter) Daemon(target, path *check.Absolute, args ...string) hst.Ops {
+	return opsAdapter{p.Ops.Daemon(target, path, args...)}
+}
+
 func (p opsAdapter) Root(host *check.Absolute, flags int) hst.Ops {
 	return opsAdapter{p.Ops.Root(host, flags)}
 }

internal/outcome/sppipewire.go

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+package outcome
+
+import (
+	"encoding/gob"
+
+	"hakurei.app/hst"
+	"hakurei.app/internal/pipewire"
+)
+
+func init() { gob.Register(spPipeWireOp{}) }
+
+// spPipeWireOp exports the PipeWire server to the container via SecurityContext.
+// Runs after spRuntimeOp.
+type spPipeWireOp struct{}
+
+func (s spPipeWireOp) toSystem(state *outcomeStateSys) error {
+	if state.et&hst.EPipeWire == 0 {
+		return errNotEnabled
+	}
+
+	state.sys.PipeWire(state.instance().Append("pipewire"))
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s spPipeWireOp) toContainer(state *outcomeStateParams) error {
+	innerPath := state.runtimeDir.Append(pipewire.PW_DEFAULT_REMOTE)
+	state.env[pipewire.Remote] = innerPath.String()
+	state.params.Bind(state.instancePath().Append("pipewire"), innerPath, 0)
+
+	return nil
+}

internal/outcome/sppipewire_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+package outcome
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"hakurei.app/container"
+	"hakurei.app/container/stub"
+	"hakurei.app/hst"
+	"hakurei.app/internal/pipewire"
+	"hakurei.app/internal/system"
+)
+
+func TestSpPipeWireOp(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+	config := hst.Template()
+
+	checkOpBehaviour(t, []opBehaviourTestCase{
+		{"not enabled", func(bool, bool) outcomeOp {
+			return spPipeWireOp{}
+		}, func() *hst.Config {
+			c := hst.Template()
+			*c.Enablements = 0
+			return c
+		}, nil, nil, nil, nil, errNotEnabled, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil},
+
+		{"success", func(bool, bool) outcomeOp {
+			return spPipeWireOp{}
+		}, hst.Template, nil, []stub.Call{}, newI().
+			// state.instance
+			Ephemeral(system.Process, m(wantInstancePrefix), 0711).
+			// toSystem
+			PipeWire(
+				m(wantInstancePrefix + "/pipewire"),
+			), sysUsesInstance(nil), nil, insertsOps(afterSpRuntimeOp(nil)), []stub.Call{
+			// this op configures the container state and does not make calls during toContainer
+		}, &container.Params{
+			Ops: new(container.Ops).
+				Bind(m(wantInstancePrefix+"/pipewire"), m("/run/user/1000/pipewire-0"), 0),
+		}, paramsWantEnv(config, map[string]string{
+			pipewire.Remote: "/run/user/1000/pipewire-0",
+		}, nil), nil},
+	})
+}

internal/outcome/sppulse.go

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ type spPulseOp struct {
 }
 
 func (s *spPulseOp) toSystem(state *outcomeStateSys) error {
-	if state.et&hst.EPulse == 0 {
+	if !state.directPulse || state.et&hst.EPulse == 0 {
 		return errNotEnabled
 	}
 

internal/outcome/sppulse_test.go

@@ -18,24 +18,40 @@ import (
 func TestSpPulseOp(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	config := hst.Template()
+	newConfig := func() *hst.Config {
+		config := hst.Template()
+		config.DirectPulse = true
+		config.Enablements = hst.NewEnablements(hst.EPulse)
+		return config
+	}
+
+	config := newConfig()
 	sampleCookie := bytes.Repeat([]byte{0xfc}, pulseCookieSizeMax)
 
 	checkOpBehaviour(t, []opBehaviourTestCase{
 		{"not enabled", func(bool, bool) outcomeOp {
 			return new(spPulseOp)
 		}, func() *hst.Config {
-			c := hst.Template()
+			c := newConfig()
+			c.DirectPulse = true
 			*c.Enablements = 0
 			return c
 		}, nil, nil, nil, nil, errNotEnabled, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil},
 
+		{"not enabled direct", func(bool, bool) outcomeOp {
+			return new(spPulseOp)
+		}, func() *hst.Config {
+			c := newConfig()
+			c.DirectPulse = false
+			return c
+		}, nil, nil, nil, nil, errNotEnabled, nil, nil, nil, nil, nil},
+
 		{"socketDir stat", func(isShim, _ bool) outcomeOp {
 			if !isShim {
 				return new(spPulseOp)
 			}
 			return &spPulseOp{Cookie: (*[256]byte)(sampleCookie)}
-		}, hst.Template, nil, []stub.Call{
+		}, newConfig, nil, []stub.Call{
 			call("stat", stub.ExpectArgs{wantRuntimePath + "/pulse"}, (*stubFi)(nil), stub.UniqueError(2)),
 		}, nil, nil, &hst.AppError{
 			Step: `access PulseAudio directory "/proc/nonexistent/xdg_runtime_dir/pulse"`,
@@ -44,7 +60,7 @@ func TestSpPulseOp(t *testing.T) {
 
 		{"socketDir nonexistent", func(bool, bool) outcomeOp {
 			return new(spPulseOp)
-		}, hst.Template, nil, []stub.Call{
+		}, newConfig, nil, []stub.Call{
 			call("stat", stub.ExpectArgs{wantRuntimePath + "/pulse"}, (*stubFi)(nil), os.ErrNotExist),
 		}, nil, nil, &hst.AppError{
 			Step: "finalise",
@@ -54,7 +70,7 @@ func TestSpPulseOp(t *testing.T) {
 
 		{"socket stat", func(bool, bool) outcomeOp {
 			return new(spPulseOp)
-		}, hst.Template, nil, []stub.Call{
+		}, newConfig, nil, []stub.Call{
 			call("stat", stub.ExpectArgs{wantRuntimePath + "/pulse"}, (*stubFi)(nil), nil),
 			call("stat", stub.ExpectArgs{wantRuntimePath + "/pulse/native"}, (*stubFi)(nil), stub.UniqueError(1)),
 		}, nil, nil, &hst.AppError{
@@ -64,7 +80,7 @@ func TestSpPulseOp(t *testing.T) {
 
 		{"socket nonexistent", func(bool, bool) outcomeOp {
 			return new(spPulseOp)
-		}, hst.Template, nil, []stub.Call{
+		}, newConfig, nil, []stub.Call{
 			call("stat", stub.ExpectArgs{wantRuntimePath + "/pulse"}, (*stubFi)(nil), nil),
 			call("stat", stub.ExpectArgs{wantRuntimePath + "/pulse/native"}, (*stubFi)(nil), os.ErrNotExist),
 		}, nil, nil, &hst.AppError{
@@ -75,7 +91,7 @@ func TestSpPulseOp(t *testing.T) {
 
 		{"socket mode", func(bool, bool) outcomeOp {
 			return new(spPulseOp)
-		}, hst.Template, nil, []stub.Call{
+		}, newConfig, nil, []stub.Call{
 			call("stat", stub.ExpectArgs{wantRuntimePath + "/pulse"}, (*stubFi)(nil), nil),
 			call("stat", stub.ExpectArgs{wantRuntimePath + "/pulse/native"}, &stubFi{mode: 0660}, nil),
 		}, nil, nil, &hst.AppError{
@@ -86,7 +102,7 @@ func TestSpPulseOp(t *testing.T) {
 
 		{"cookie notAbs", func(bool, bool) outcomeOp {
 			return new(spPulseOp)
-		}, hst.Template, nil, []stub.Call{
+		}, newConfig, nil, []stub.Call{
 			call("stat", stub.ExpectArgs{wantRuntimePath + "/pulse"}, (*stubFi)(nil), nil),
 			call("stat", stub.ExpectArgs{wantRuntimePath + "/pulse/native"}, &stubFi{mode: 0666}, nil),
 			call("lookupEnv", stub.ExpectArgs{"PULSE_COOKIE"}, "proc/nonexistent/cookie", nil),
@@ -97,7 +113,7 @@ func TestSpPulseOp(t *testing.T) {
 
 		{"cookie loadFile", func(bool, bool) outcomeOp {
 			return new(spPulseOp)
-		}, hst.Template, nil, []stub.Call{
+		}, newConfig, nil, []stub.Call{
 			call("stat", stub.ExpectArgs{wantRuntimePath + "/pulse"}, (*stubFi)(nil), nil),
 			call("stat", stub.ExpectArgs{wantRuntimePath + "/pulse/native"}, &stubFi{mode: 0666}, nil),
 			call("lookupEnv", stub.ExpectArgs{"PULSE_COOKIE"}, "/proc/nonexistent/cookie", nil),
@@ -118,7 +134,7 @@ func TestSpPulseOp(t *testing.T) {
 				op.CookieSize += +0xfd
 			}
 			return op
-		}, hst.Template, nil, []stub.Call{
+		}, newConfig, nil, []stub.Call{
 			call("stat", stub.ExpectArgs{wantRuntimePath + "/pulse"}, (*stubFi)(nil), nil),
 			call("stat", stub.ExpectArgs{wantRuntimePath + "/pulse/native"}, &stubFi{mode: 0666}, nil),
 			call("lookupEnv", stub.ExpectArgs{"PULSE_COOKIE"}, "/proc/nonexistent/cookie", nil),
@@ -150,7 +166,7 @@ func TestSpPulseOp(t *testing.T) {
 			sampleCookieTrunc := make([]byte, pulseCookieSizeMax)
 			copy(sampleCookieTrunc, sampleCookie[:len(sampleCookie)-0xe])
 			return &spPulseOp{Cookie: (*[pulseCookieSizeMax]byte)(sampleCookieTrunc), CookieSize: pulseCookieSizeMax - 0xe}
-		}, hst.Template, nil, []stub.Call{
+		}, newConfig, nil, []stub.Call{
 			call("stat", stub.ExpectArgs{wantRuntimePath + "/pulse"}, (*stubFi)(nil), nil),
 			call("stat", stub.ExpectArgs{wantRuntimePath + "/pulse/native"}, &stubFi{mode: 0666}, nil),
 			call("lookupEnv", stub.ExpectArgs{"PULSE_COOKIE"}, "/proc/nonexistent/cookie", nil),
@@ -183,7 +199,7 @@ func TestSpPulseOp(t *testing.T) {
 				return new(spPulseOp)
 			}
 			return &spPulseOp{Cookie: (*[pulseCookieSizeMax]byte)(sampleCookie), CookieSize: pulseCookieSizeMax}
-		}, hst.Template, nil, []stub.Call{
+		}, newConfig, nil, []stub.Call{
 			call("stat", stub.ExpectArgs{wantRuntimePath + "/pulse"}, (*stubFi)(nil), nil),
 			call("stat", stub.ExpectArgs{wantRuntimePath + "/pulse/native"}, &stubFi{mode: 0666}, nil),
 			call("lookupEnv", stub.ExpectArgs{"PULSE_COOKIE"}, "/proc/nonexistent/cookie", nil),
@@ -213,7 +229,7 @@ func TestSpPulseOp(t *testing.T) {
 
 		{"success", func(bool, bool) outcomeOp {
 			return new(spPulseOp)
-		}, hst.Template, nil, []stub.Call{
+		}, newConfig, nil, []stub.Call{
 			call("stat", stub.ExpectArgs{wantRuntimePath + "/pulse"}, (*stubFi)(nil), nil),
 			call("stat", stub.ExpectArgs{wantRuntimePath + "/pulse/native"}, &stubFi{mode: 0666}, nil),
 			call("lookupEnv", stub.ExpectArgs{"PULSE_COOKIE"}, nil, nil),

internal/outcome/spruntime.go

@@ -91,6 +91,9 @@ func (s *spRuntimeOp) toSystem(state *outcomeStateSys) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// xdgRuntimeDirSize is the size of the filesystem mounted on inner XDG_RUNTIME_DIR.
+const xdgRuntimeDirSize = 1 << 24
+
 func (s *spRuntimeOp) toContainer(state *outcomeStateParams) error {
 	state.runtimeDir = fhs.AbsRunUser.Append(state.mapuid.String())
 	state.env[envXDGRuntimeDir] = state.runtimeDir.String()
@@ -108,7 +111,7 @@ func (s *spRuntimeOp) toContainer(state *outcomeStateParams) error {
 
 	}
 
-	state.params.Tmpfs(fhs.AbsRunUser, 1<<12, 0755)
+	state.params.Tmpfs(fhs.AbsRunUser, xdgRuntimeDirSize, 0755)
 	if state.Container.Flags&hst.FShareRuntime != 0 {
 		_, runtimeDirInst := s.commonPaths(state.outcomeState)
 		state.params.Bind(runtimeDirInst, state.runtimeDir, std.BindWritable)

internal/outcome/spruntime_test.go

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ func TestSpRuntimeOp(t *testing.T) {
 			// this op configures the container state and does not make calls during toContainer
 		}, &container.Params{
 			Ops: new(container.Ops).
-				Tmpfs(fhs.AbsRunUser, 1<<12, 0755).
+				Tmpfs(fhs.AbsRunUser, xdgRuntimeDirSize, 0755).
 				Bind(m("/proc/nonexistent/tmp/hakurei.0/runtime/9"), m("/run/user/1000"), std.BindWritable),
 		}, paramsWantEnv(config, map[string]string{
 			"XDG_RUNTIME_DIR":   "/run/user/1000",
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ func TestSpRuntimeOp(t *testing.T) {
 			// this op configures the container state and does not make calls during toContainer
 		}, &container.Params{
 			Ops: new(container.Ops).
-				Tmpfs(fhs.AbsRunUser, 1<<12, 0755).
+				Tmpfs(fhs.AbsRunUser, xdgRuntimeDirSize, 0755).
 				Bind(m("/proc/nonexistent/tmp/hakurei.0/runtime/9"), m("/run/user/1000"), std.BindWritable),
 		}, paramsWantEnv(config, map[string]string{
 			"XDG_RUNTIME_DIR":   "/run/user/1000",
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ func TestSpRuntimeOp(t *testing.T) {
 			// this op configures the container state and does not make calls during toContainer
 		}, &container.Params{
 			Ops: new(container.Ops).
-				Tmpfs(fhs.AbsRunUser, 1<<12, 0755).
+				Tmpfs(fhs.AbsRunUser, xdgRuntimeDirSize, 0755).
 				Bind(m("/proc/nonexistent/tmp/hakurei.0/runtime/9"), m("/run/user/1000"), std.BindWritable),
 		}, paramsWantEnv(config, map[string]string{
 			"XDG_RUNTIME_DIR":   "/run/user/1000",
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ func TestSpRuntimeOp(t *testing.T) {
 			// this op configures the container state and does not make calls during toContainer
 		}, &container.Params{
 			Ops: new(container.Ops).
-				Tmpfs(fhs.AbsRunUser, 1<<12, 0755).
+				Tmpfs(fhs.AbsRunUser, xdgRuntimeDirSize, 0755).
 				Bind(m("/proc/nonexistent/tmp/hakurei.0/runtime/9"), m("/run/user/1000"), std.BindWritable),
 		}, paramsWantEnv(config, map[string]string{
 			"XDG_RUNTIME_DIR":   "/run/user/1000",

internal/pipewire/pipewire.go

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ type Context struct {
 	generation Long
 	// Pending file descriptors to be sent with the next message.
 	pendingFiles []int
-	// File count kept track of in [Header].
+	// File count already kept track of in [Header].
 	headerFiles int
 	// Files from the server. This is discarded on every Roundtrip so eventProxy
 	// implementations must make sure to close them to avoid leaking fds.
@@ -271,16 +271,20 @@ func (ctx *Context) recvmsg(remaining []byte) (payload []byte, err error) {
 		n, oobn, recvflags, err = ctx.conn.Recvmsg(ctx.iovecBuf[len(remaining):], ctx.oobBuf[:], recvmsgFlags)
 
 		if oob := ctx.oobBuf[:oobn]; len(oob) > 0 {
+			var oobErr error
+
 			var scm []syscall.SocketControlMessage
-			if scm, err = syscall.ParseSocketControlMessage(oob); err != nil {
+			if scm, oobErr = syscall.ParseSocketControlMessage(oob); oobErr != nil {
 				ctx.closeReceivedFiles()
+				err = oobErr
 				return
 			}
 
 			var fds []int
 			for i := range scm {
-				if fds, err = syscall.ParseUnixRights(&scm[i]); err != nil {
+				if fds, oobErr = syscall.ParseUnixRights(&scm[i]); oobErr != nil {
 					ctx.closeReceivedFiles()
+					err = oobErr
 					return
 				}
 				ctx.receivedFiles = append(ctx.receivedFiles, fds...)
@@ -310,7 +314,7 @@ func (ctx *Context) recvmsg(remaining []byte) (payload []byte, err error) {
 		err = syscall.EPIPE // not wrapped as it did not come from the syscall
 	}
 	if n > 0 {
-		payload = ctx.iovecBuf[:n]
+		payload = ctx.iovecBuf[:len(remaining)+n]
 	}
 	return
 }
@@ -581,6 +585,9 @@ func (ctx *Context) roundtrip() (err error) {
 	if err = ctx.sendmsg(ctx.buf, ctx.pendingFiles...); err != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	ctx.buf = ctx.buf[:0]
+	ctx.pendingFiles = ctx.pendingFiles[:0]
+	ctx.headerFiles = 0
 
 	defer func() {
 		var danglingFiles DanglingFilesError
@@ -657,10 +664,6 @@ func (ctx *Context) consume(receiveRemaining []byte) (remaining []byte, err erro
 		return
 	}()
 
-	ctx.buf = ctx.buf[:0]
-	ctx.pendingFiles = ctx.pendingFiles[:0]
-	ctx.headerFiles = 0
-
 	if remaining, err = ctx.recvmsg(receiveRemaining); err != nil {
 		return
 	}
@@ -677,11 +680,11 @@ func (ctx *Context) consume(receiveRemaining []byte) (remaining []byte, err erro
 		if header.Sequence != ctx.remoteSequence {
 			return remaining, UnexpectedSequenceError(header.Sequence)
 		}
-		ctx.remoteSequence++
 
 		if len(remaining) < int(SizeHeader+header.Size) {
 			return
 		}
+		ctx.remoteSequence++
 
 		proxy, ok := ctx.proxy[header.ID]
 		if !ok {
@@ -783,6 +786,9 @@ func (ctx *Context) Close() (err error) {
 	}
 }
 
+// Remote is the environment (sic) with the remote name.
+const Remote = "PIPEWIRE_REMOTE"
+
 /* modules/module-protocol-native/local-socket.c */
 
 const DEFAULT_SYSTEM_RUNTIME_DIR = "/run/pipewire"
@@ -814,14 +820,13 @@ func connectName(name string, manager bool) (conn *net.UnixConn, err error) {
 }
 
 // ConnectName connects to a PipeWire remote by name.
-func ConnectName(name string, manager bool) (ctx *Context, err error) {
+func ConnectName(name string, manager bool, props SPADict) (ctx *Context, err error) {
-	var props SPADict
 	if manager {
 		props = append(props, SPADictItem{Key: PW_KEY_REMOTE_INTENTION, Value: "manager"})
 	}
 
 	if name == "" {
-		if v, ok := os.LookupEnv("PIPEWIRE_REMOTE"); !ok || v == "" {
+		if v, ok := os.LookupEnv(Remote); !ok || v == "" {
 			name = PW_DEFAULT_REMOTE
 		} else {
 			name = v
@@ -841,4 +846,6 @@ func ConnectName(name string, manager bool) (ctx *Context, err error) {
 }
 
 // Connect connects to the PipeWire remote.
-func Connect(manager bool) (ctx *Context, err error) { return ConnectName("", manager) }
+func Connect(manager bool, props SPADict) (ctx *Context, err error) {
+	return ConnectName("", manager, props)
+}

internal/store/header_test.go

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ func TestEntryHeader(t *testing.T) {
 		{"success high", [entryHeaderSize]byte{0x00, 0xff, 0xca, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00,
 			0xff, 0x00}, 0xff, nil},
 		{"success", [entryHeaderSize]byte{0x00, 0xff, 0xca, 0xfe, 0x00, 0x00,
-			0x09, 0xf6}, hst.EWayland | hst.EPulse, nil},
+			0x09, 0xf6}, hst.EWayland | hst.EPipeWire, nil},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {

internal/system/dispatcher.go

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ func (k direct) waylandNew(displayPath, bindPath *check.Absolute, appID, instanc
 	return wayland.New(displayPath, bindPath, appID, instanceID)
 }
 
-func (k direct) pipewireConnect() (*pipewire.Context, error) { return pipewire.Connect(true) }
+func (k direct) pipewireConnect() (*pipewire.Context, error) { return pipewire.Connect(true, nil) }
 
 func (k direct) xcbChangeHosts(mode xcb.HostMode, family xcb.Family, address string) error {
 	return xcb.ChangeHosts(mode, family, address)

nixos.nix

@@ -196,6 +196,15 @@ in
                             }
                           ]
                         )
+                        ++ optional (app.enablements.pipewire && app.pulse) {
+                          type = "daemon";
+                          dst = if app.mapRealUid then "/run/user/${toString config.users.users.${username}.uid}/pulse/native" else "/run/user/65534/pulse/native";
+                          path = cfg.shell;
+                          args = [
+                            "-lc"
+                            "exec pipewire-pulse"
+                          ];
+                        }
                         ++ [
                           {
                             type = "bind";

options.nix

@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ in
                   type = nullOr bool;
                   default = true;
                   description = ''
-                    Whether to share the Wayland socket.
+                    Whether to share the Wayland server via security-context-v1.
                   '';
                 };
 
@@ -238,15 +238,23 @@ in
                   '';
                 };
 
-                pulse = mkOption {
+                pipewire = mkOption {
                   type = nullOr bool;
                   default = true;
                   description = ''
-                    Whether to share the PulseAudio socket and cookie.
+                    Whether to share the PipeWire server via SecurityContext.
                   '';
                 };
               };
 
+              pulse = mkOption {
+                type = nullOr bool;
+                default = true;
+                description = ''
+                  Whether to run the PulseAudio compatibility daemon.
+                '';
+              };
+
               share = mkOption {
                 type = nullOr package;
                 default = null;

package.nix

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 
 buildGoModule rec {
   pname = "hakurei";
-  version = "0.3.1";
+  version = "0.3.2";
 
   srcFiltered = builtins.path {
     name = "${pname}-src";

test/configuration.nix

@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@
         wait_delay = 1;
         enablements = {
           wayland = false;
-          pulse = false;
+          pipewire = false;
         };
       };
 
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@
         command = "foot";
         enablements = {
           dbus = false;
-          pulse = false;
+          pipewire = false;
         };
       };
 
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@
         command = "foot";
         enablements = {
           dbus = false;
-          pulse = false;
+          pipewire = false;
         };
       };
 
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@
           wayland = false;
           x11 = true;
           dbus = false;
-          pulse = false;
+          pipewire = false;
         };
       };
 
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@
         command = "foot";
         enablements = {
           dbus = false;
-          pulse = false;
+          pipewire = false;
         };
       };
 
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@
           wayland = false;
           x11 = false;
           dbus = false;
-          pulse = false;
+          pipewire = false;
         };
       };
     };

test/interactive/hakurei.nix

@@ -15,9 +15,30 @@
         command = "foot";
         enablements = {
           dbus = false;
-          pulse = false;
+          pipewire = false;
         };
       };
+
+      "cat.gensokyo.extern.foot.badDaemon" = {
+        name = "bd-foot";
+        identity = 1;
+        shareUid = true;
+        verbose = true;
+        share = pkgs.foot;
+        packages = [ pkgs.foot ];
+        command = "foot";
+        enablements = {
+          dbus = false;
+        };
+        extraPaths = [
+          {
+            type = "daemon";
+            dst = "/proc/nonexistent";
+            path = "/usr/bin/env";
+            args = [ "false" ];
+          }
+        ];
+      };
     };
 
     extraHomeConfig.home.stateVersion = "23.05";

test/sandbox/case/device.nix

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ in
       "DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:path=/run/user/65534/bus"
       "DISPLAY=unix:/tmp/.X11-unix/X0"
       "HOME=/var/lib/hakurei/u0/a4"
-      "PULSE_SERVER=unix:/run/user/65534/pulse/native"
+      "PIPEWIRE_REMOTE=/run/user/65534/pipewire-0"
       "SHELL=/run/current-system/sw/bin/bash"
       "TERM=linux"
       "USER=u0_a4"
@@ -137,8 +137,12 @@ in
         user = fs "800001ed" {
           "65534" = fs "800001c0" {
             bus = fs "10001fd" null null;
-            pulse = fs "800001c0" { native = fs "10001b6" null null; } null;
+            pulse = fs "800001c0" {
+              native = fs "10001ff" null null;
+              pid = fs "1a4" null null;
+            } null;
             wayland-0 = fs "1000038" null null;
+            pipewire-0 = fs "1000038" null null;
           } null;
         } null;
       } null;
@@ -220,13 +224,13 @@ in
       (ent "/" ignore ignore ignore ignore ignore)
       (ent "/" ignore ignore ignore ignore ignore)
       (ent "/" "/dev/shm" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "ephemeral" "rw,uid=10004,gid=10004")
-      (ent "/" "/run/user" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "ephemeral" "rw,size=4k,mode=755,uid=10004,gid=10004")
+      (ent "/" "/run/user" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "ephemeral" "rw,size=16384k,mode=755,uid=10004,gid=10004")
       (ent "/tmp/hakurei.0/tmpdir/4" "/tmp" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
       (ent ignore "/etc/passwd" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "rootfs" "rw,uid=10004,gid=10004")
       (ent ignore "/etc/group" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "rootfs" "rw,uid=10004,gid=10004")
       (ent ignore "/run/user/65534/wayland-0" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
       (ent "/tmp/.X11-unix" "/tmp/.X11-unix" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
-      (ent ignore "/run/user/65534/pulse/native" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "tmpfs" ignore)
+      (ent ignore "/run/user/65534/pipewire-0" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
       (ent ignore "/run/user/65534/bus" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
       (ent "/bin" "/bin" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
       (ent "/usr/bin" "/usr/bin" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")

test/sandbox/case/mapuid.nix

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ in
     env = [
       "DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:path=/run/user/1000/bus"
       "HOME=/var/lib/hakurei/u0/a3"
-      "PULSE_SERVER=unix:/run/user/1000/pulse/native"
+      "PIPEWIRE_REMOTE=/run/user/1000/pipewire-0"
       "SHELL=/run/current-system/sw/bin/bash"
       "TERM=linux"
       "USER=u0_a3"
@@ -162,8 +162,12 @@ in
         user = fs "800001ed" {
           "1000" = fs "800001f8" {
             bus = fs "10001fd" null null;
-            pulse = fs "800001c0" { native = fs "10001b6" null null; } null;
+            pulse = fs "800001c0" {
+              native = fs "10001ff" null null;
+              pid = fs "1a4" null null;
+            } null;
             wayland-0 = fs "1000038" null null;
+            pipewire-0 = fs "1000038" null null;
           } null;
         } null;
       } null;
@@ -247,13 +251,13 @@ in
       (ent "/" "/dev/pts" "rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime" "devpts" "devpts" "rw,mode=620,ptmxmode=666")
       (ent "/" "/dev/mqueue" "rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime" "mqueue" "mqueue" "rw")
       (ent "/" "/dev/shm" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "ephemeral" "rw,uid=10003,gid=10003")
-      (ent "/" "/run/user" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "ephemeral" "rw,size=4k,mode=755,uid=10003,gid=10003")
+      (ent "/" "/run/user" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "ephemeral" "rw,size=16384k,mode=755,uid=10003,gid=10003")
       (ent "/tmp/hakurei.0/runtime/3" "/run/user/1000" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
       (ent "/tmp/hakurei.0/tmpdir/3" "/tmp" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
       (ent ignore "/etc/passwd" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "rootfs" "rw,uid=10003,gid=10003")
       (ent ignore "/etc/group" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "rootfs" "rw,uid=10003,gid=10003")
       (ent ignore "/run/user/1000/wayland-0" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
-      (ent ignore "/run/user/1000/pulse/native" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "tmpfs" ignore)
+      (ent ignore "/run/user/1000/pipewire-0" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
       (ent ignore "/run/user/1000/bus" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
       (ent "/bin" "/bin" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
       (ent "/usr/bin" "/usr/bin" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")

test/sandbox/case/pd.nix

@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@
       (ent ignore "/dev/console" "rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime" "devpts" "devpts" "rw,gid=3,mode=620,ptmxmode=666")
       (ent "/" "/dev/mqueue" "rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime" "mqueue" "mqueue" "rw")
       (ent "/" "/dev/shm" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "ephemeral" "rw,uid=10000,gid=10000")
-      (ent "/" "/run/user" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "ephemeral" "rw,size=4k,mode=755,uid=10000,gid=10000")
+      (ent "/" "/run/user" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "ephemeral" "rw,size=16384k,mode=755,uid=10000,gid=10000")
       (ent "/tmp/hakurei.0/runtime/0" "/run/user/65534" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
       (ent "/tmp/hakurei.0/tmpdir/0" "/tmp" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
       (ent ignore "/etc/passwd" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "rootfs" "rw,uid=10000,gid=10000")

test/sandbox/case/pdlike.nix

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ in
     env = [
       "DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:path=/run/user/65534/bus"
       "HOME=/var/lib/hakurei/u0/a5"
-      "PULSE_SERVER=unix:/run/user/65534/pulse/native"
+      "PIPEWIRE_REMOTE=/run/user/65534/pipewire-0"
       "SHELL=/run/current-system/sw/bin/bash"
       "TERM=linux"
       "USER=u0_a5"
@@ -160,8 +160,12 @@ in
         user = fs "800001ed" {
           "65534" = fs "800001f8" {
             bus = fs "10001fd" null null;
-            pulse = fs "800001c0" { native = fs "10001b6" null null; } null;
+            pulse = fs "800001c0" {
+              native = fs "10001ff" null null;
+              pid = fs "1a4" null null;
+            } null;
             wayland-0 = fs "1000038" null null;
+            pipewire-0 = fs "1000038" null null;
           } null;
         } null;
       } null;
@@ -245,13 +249,13 @@ in
       (ent ignore "/dev/console" "rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime" "devpts" "devpts" "rw,gid=3,mode=620,ptmxmode=666")
       (ent "/" "/dev/mqueue" "rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime" "mqueue" "mqueue" "rw")
       (ent "/" "/dev/shm" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "ephemeral" "rw,uid=10005,gid=10005")
-      (ent "/" "/run/user" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "ephemeral" "rw,size=4k,mode=755,uid=10005,gid=10005")
+      (ent "/" "/run/user" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "ephemeral" "rw,size=16384k,mode=755,uid=10005,gid=10005")
       (ent "/tmp/hakurei.0/runtime/5" "/run/user/65534" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
       (ent "/tmp/hakurei.0/tmpdir/5" "/tmp" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
       (ent ignore "/etc/passwd" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "rootfs" "rw,uid=10005,gid=10005")
       (ent ignore "/etc/group" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "rootfs" "rw,uid=10005,gid=10005")
       (ent ignore "/run/user/65534/wayland-0" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
-      (ent ignore "/run/user/65534/pulse/native" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "tmpfs" ignore)
+      (ent ignore "/run/user/65534/pipewire-0" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
       (ent ignore "/run/user/65534/bus" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
       (ent "/bin" "/bin" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
       (ent "/usr/bin" "/usr/bin" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")

test/sandbox/case/preset.nix

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ in
     env = [
       "DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:path=/run/user/65534/bus"
       "HOME=/var/lib/hakurei/u0/a1"
-      "PULSE_SERVER=unix:/run/user/65534/pulse/native"
+      "PIPEWIRE_REMOTE=/run/user/65534/pipewire-0"
       "SHELL=/run/current-system/sw/bin/bash"
       "TERM=linux"
       "USER=u0_a1"
@@ -159,8 +159,12 @@ in
         user = fs "800001ed" {
           "65534" = fs "800001c0" {
             bus = fs "10001fd" null null;
-            pulse = fs "800001c0" { native = fs "10001b6" null null; } null;
+            pulse = fs "800001c0" {
+              native = fs "10001ff" null null;
+              pid = fs "1a4" null null;
+            } null;
             wayland-0 = fs "1000038" null null;
+            pipewire-0 = fs "1000038" null null;
           } null;
         } null;
       } null;
@@ -243,12 +247,12 @@ in
       (ent "/" "/dev/pts" "rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime" "devpts" "devpts" "rw,mode=620,ptmxmode=666")
       (ent "/" "/dev/mqueue" "rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime" "mqueue" "mqueue" "rw")
       (ent "/" "/dev/shm" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "ephemeral" "rw,uid=10001,gid=10001")
-      (ent "/" "/run/user" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "ephemeral" "rw,size=4k,mode=755,uid=10001,gid=10001")
+      (ent "/" "/run/user" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "ephemeral" "rw,size=16384k,mode=755,uid=10001,gid=10001")
       (ent "/" "/tmp" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "ephemeral" "rw,uid=10001,gid=10001")
       (ent ignore "/etc/passwd" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "rootfs" "rw,uid=10001,gid=10001")
       (ent ignore "/etc/group" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "rootfs" "rw,uid=10001,gid=10001")
       (ent ignore "/run/user/65534/wayland-0" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
-      (ent ignore "/run/user/65534/pulse/native" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "tmpfs" ignore)
+      (ent ignore "/run/user/65534/pipewire-0" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
       (ent ignore "/run/user/65534/bus" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
       (ent "/bin" "/bin" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
       (ent "/usr/bin" "/usr/bin" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")

test/sandbox/case/tty.nix

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ in
       "DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS=unix:path=/run/user/65534/bus"
       "DISPLAY=:0"
       "HOME=/var/lib/hakurei/u0/a2"
-      "PULSE_SERVER=unix:/run/user/65534/pulse/native"
+      "PIPEWIRE_REMOTE=/run/user/65534/pipewire-0"
       "SHELL=/run/current-system/sw/bin/bash"
       "TERM=linux"
       "USER=u0_a2"
@@ -164,8 +164,12 @@ in
         user = fs "800001ed" {
           "65534" = fs "800001f8" {
             bus = fs "10001fd" null null;
-            pulse = fs "800001c0" { native = fs "10001b6" null null; } null;
+            pulse = fs "800001c0" {
+              native = fs "10001ff" null null;
+              pid = fs "1a4" null null;
+            } null;
             wayland-0 = fs "1000038" null null;
+            pipewire-0 = fs "1000038" null null;
           } null;
         } null;
       } null;
@@ -252,14 +256,14 @@ in
       (ent ignore "/dev/console" "rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime" "devpts" "devpts" "rw,gid=3,mode=620,ptmxmode=666")
       (ent "/" "/dev/mqueue" "rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime" "mqueue" "mqueue" "rw")
       (ent "/" "/dev/shm" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "ephemeral" "rw,uid=10002,gid=10002")
-      (ent "/" "/run/user" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "ephemeral" "rw,size=4k,mode=755,uid=10002,gid=10002")
+      (ent "/" "/run/user" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "ephemeral" "rw,size=16384k,mode=755,uid=10002,gid=10002")
       (ent "/tmp/hakurei.0/runtime/2" "/run/user/65534" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
       (ent "/" "/tmp" "rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "ephemeral" "rw,uid=10002,gid=10002")
       (ent ignore "/etc/passwd" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "rootfs" "rw,uid=10002,gid=10002")
       (ent ignore "/etc/group" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "rootfs" "rw,uid=10002,gid=10002")
       (ent ignore "/run/user/65534/wayland-0" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
       (ent "/tmp/.X11-unix" "/tmp/.X11-unix" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
-      (ent ignore "/run/user/65534/pulse/native" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "tmpfs" "tmpfs" ignore)
+      (ent ignore "/run/user/65534/pipewire-0" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
       (ent ignore "/run/user/65534/bus" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
       (ent "/bin" "/bin" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")
       (ent "/usr/bin" "/usr/bin" "ro,nosuid,nodev,relatime" "ext4" "/dev/disk/by-label/nixos" "rw")

test/sandbox/test.py

@@ -83,4 +83,4 @@ swaymsg("exit", succeed=False)
 machine.wait_for_file("/tmp/sway-exit-ok")
 
 # Print hakurei runDir contents:
-print(machine.succeed("find /run/user/1000/hakurei"))
+print(machine.fail("ls /run/user/1000/hakurei"))

test/test.py

@@ -160,17 +160,17 @@ machine.succeed("pkill -9 mako")
 # Check revert type selection:
 hakurei("-v run --wayland -X --dbus --pulse -u p0 foot && touch /tmp/p0-exit-ok")
 wait_for_window("p0@machine")
-print(machine.succeed("getfacl --absolute-names --omit-header --numeric /run/user/1000 | grep 10000"))
+print(machine.succeed("getfacl --absolute-names --omit-header --numeric /tmp/hakurei.0/runtime | grep 10000"))
 hakurei("-v run --wayland -X --dbus --pulse -u p1 foot && touch /tmp/p1-exit-ok")
 wait_for_window("p1@machine")
-print(machine.succeed("getfacl --absolute-names --omit-header --numeric /run/user/1000 | grep 10000"))
+print(machine.succeed("getfacl --absolute-names --omit-header --numeric /tmp/hakurei.0/runtime | grep 10000"))
 machine.send_chars("exit\n")
 machine.wait_for_file("/tmp/p1-exit-ok", timeout=15)
 # Verify acl is kept alive:
-print(machine.succeed("getfacl --absolute-names --omit-header --numeric /run/user/1000 | grep 10000"))
+print(machine.succeed("getfacl --absolute-names --omit-header --numeric /tmp/hakurei.0/runtime | grep 10000"))
 machine.send_chars("exit\n")
 machine.wait_for_file("/tmp/p0-exit-ok", timeout=15)
-machine.fail("getfacl --absolute-names --omit-header --numeric /run/user/1000 | grep 10000")
+machine.fail("getfacl --absolute-names --omit-header --numeric /tmp/hakurei.0/runtime | grep 10000")
 
 # Check invalid identifier fd behaviour:
 machine.fail('echo \'{"container":{"shell":"/proc/nonexistent","home":"/proc/nonexistent","path":"/proc/nonexistent"}}\' | sudo -u alice -i hakurei -v app --identifier-fd 32767 - 2>&1 | tee > /tmp/invalid-identifier-fd')
@@ -219,15 +219,22 @@ machine.send_chars("exit\n")
 machine.wait_until_fails("pgrep foot", timeout=5)
 machine.fail(f"getfacl --absolute-names --omit-header --numeric /run/user/1000 | grep {hakurei_identity(0) + 10000}", timeout=5)
 
-# Test PulseAudio (hakurei does not support PipeWire yet):
+# Test pipewire-pulse:
 swaymsg("exec pa-foot")
 wait_for_window(f"u0_a{hakurei_identity(1)}@machine")
 machine.send_chars("clear; pactl info && touch /var/tmp/pulse-ok\n")
 machine.wait_for_file("/var/tmp/pulse-ok", timeout=15)
 collect_state_ui("pulse_wayland")
-check_state("pa-foot", {"wayland": True, "pulse": True})
+check_state("pa-foot", {"wayland": True, "pipewire": True})
+# Test PipeWire:
+machine.send_chars("clear; pw-cli i 0 && touch /var/tmp/pw-ok\n")
+machine.wait_for_file("/var/tmp/pw-ok", timeout=15)
+collect_state_ui("pipewire_wayland")
 machine.send_chars("exit\n")
 machine.wait_until_fails("pgrep foot", timeout=5)
+# Test PipeWire SecurityContext:
+machine.succeed("sudo -u alice -i XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/1000 hakurei -v run --pulse pactl info")
+machine.fail("sudo -u alice -i XDG_RUNTIME_DIR=/run/user/1000 hakurei -v run --pulse pactl set-sink-mute @DEFAULT_SINK@ toggle")
 
 # Test XWayland (foot does not support X):
 swaymsg("exec x11-alacritty")