TODO: consider writing tests for the test runner.

Packaging nodejs and ruby is an immense burden for the Rosa OS base system, and these files diff poorly.

Signed-off-by: Ophestra <cat@gensokyo.uk>

.gitignore

@@ -7,8 +7,9 @@
 
 # go generate
 /cmd/hakurei/LICENSE
-/cmd/mbf/internal/pkgserver/ui/static
-/internal/pkg/internal/testtool/testtool
+/cmd/pkgserver/ui/static/*.js
+/cmd/pkgserver/ui_test/static
+/internal/pkg/testdata/testtool
 /internal/rosa/hakurei_current.tar.gz
 
 # cmd/dist default destination

all.sh

@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh -e
 
-HAKUREI_DIST_MAKE='' exec "$(dirname -- "$0")/cmd/dist/dist.sh"
+TOOLCHAIN_VERSION="$(go version)"
+cd "$(dirname -- "$0")/"
+echo "# Building cmd/dist using ${TOOLCHAIN_VERSION}."
+go run -v --tags=dist ./cmd/dist

check/overlay.go

@@ -4,23 +4,15 @@ import "strings"
 
 const (
 	// SpecialOverlayEscape is the escape string for overlay mount options.
-	//
-	// Deprecated: This is no longer used and will be removed in 0.5.
 	SpecialOverlayEscape = `\`
 	// SpecialOverlayOption is the separator string between overlay mount options.
-	//
-	// Deprecated: This is no longer used and will be removed in 0.5.
 	SpecialOverlayOption = ","
 	// SpecialOverlayPath is the separator string between overlay paths.
-	//
-	// Deprecated: This is no longer used and will be removed in 0.5.
 	SpecialOverlayPath = ":"
 )
 
 // EscapeOverlayDataSegment escapes a string for formatting into the data
 // argument of an overlay mount system call.
-//
-// Deprecated: This is no longer used and will be removed in 0.5.
 func EscapeOverlayDataSegment(s string) string {
 	if s == "" {
 		return ""

cmd/dist/dist.sh

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh -e
-
-TOOLCHAIN_VERSION="$(go version)"
-cd "$(dirname -- "$0")/../.."
-echo "Building cmd/dist using ${TOOLCHAIN_VERSION}."
-FLAGS=''
-if test -n "$VERBOSE"; then
-    FLAGS="$FLAGS -v"
-fi
-go run $FLAGS --tags=dist ./cmd/dist

cmd/dist/main.go

@@ -42,19 +42,14 @@ func mustRun(ctx context.Context, name string, arg ...string) {
 var comp []byte
 
 func main() {
+	fmt.Println()
 	log.SetFlags(0)
-	log.SetPrefix("")
+	log.SetPrefix("# ")
 
-	verbose := os.Getenv("VERBOSE") != ""
-	runTests := os.Getenv("HAKUREI_DIST_MAKE") == ""
 	version := getenv("HAKUREI_VERSION", "untagged")
 	prefix := getenv("PREFIX", "/usr")
 	destdir := getenv("DESTDIR", "dist")
 
-	if verbose {
-		log.Println()
-	}
-
 	if err := os.MkdirAll(destdir, 0755); err != nil {
 		log.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -81,17 +76,12 @@ func main() {
 	ctx, cancel := signal.NotifyContext(context.Background(), os.Interrupt)
 	defer cancel()
 
-	verboseFlag := "-v"
-	if !verbose {
-		verboseFlag = "-buildvcs=false"
-	}
-
-	log.Printf("Building hakurei for %s/%s.", runtime.GOOS, runtime.GOARCH)
+	log.Println("Building hakurei.")
 	mustRun(ctx, "go", "generate", "./...")
 	mustRun(
 		ctx, "go", "build",
 		"-trimpath",
-		verboseFlag, "-o", s,
+		"-v", "-o", s,
 		"-ldflags=-s -w "+
 			"-buildid= -linkmode external -extldflags=-static "+
 			"-X hakurei.app/internal/info.buildVersion="+version+" "+
@@ -100,19 +90,17 @@ func main() {
 			"-X main.hakureiPath="+prefix+"/bin/hakurei",
 		"./...",
 	)
-	log.Println()
+	fmt.Println()
 
-	if runTests {
-		log.Println("##### Testing Hakurei.")
-		mustRun(
-			ctx, "go", "test",
-			"-ldflags=-buildid= -linkmode external -extldflags=-static",
-			"./...",
-		)
-		log.Println()
-	}
+	log.Println("Testing Hakurei.")
+	mustRun(
+		ctx, "go", "test",
+		"-ldflags=-buildid= -linkmode external -extldflags=-static",
+		"./...",
+	)
+	fmt.Println()
 
-	log.Println("##### Creating distribution.")
+	log.Println("Creating distribution.")
 	const suffix = ".tar.gz"
 	distName := "hakurei-" + version + "-" + runtime.GOARCH
 	var f *os.File
@@ -133,7 +121,7 @@ func main() {
 	}()
 
 	h := sha512.New()
-	gw, _ := gzip.NewWriterLevel(io.MultiWriter(f, h), gzip.BestCompression)
+	gw := gzip.NewWriter(io.MultiWriter(f, h))
 	tw := tar.NewWriter(gw)
 
 	mustWriteHeader := func(name string, size int64, mode os.FileMode) {

cmd/mbf/cache.go

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 
 	"hakurei.app/check"
-	"hakurei.app/container"
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 	"hakurei.app/message"
 )
@@ -20,15 +19,8 @@ type cache struct {
 	// Should generally not be used directly.
 	c *pkg.Cache
 
-	cures, jobs int
-	// Primarily to work around missing landlock LSM.
-	hostAbstract bool
-	// Set SCHED_IDLE.
-	idle bool
-	// Unset [pkg.CSuppressInit].
-	verboseInit bool
-	// Loaded artifact of [rosa.QEMU].
-	qemu pkg.Artifact
+	cures, jobs        int
+	hostAbstract, idle bool
 
 	base string
 }
@@ -39,6 +31,9 @@ func (cache *cache) open() (err error) {
 		return os.ErrInvalid
 	}
 
+	if cache.base == "" {
+		cache.base = "cache"
+	}
 	var base *check.Absolute
 	if cache.base, err = filepath.Abs(cache.base); err != nil {
 		return
@@ -53,9 +48,6 @@ func (cache *cache) open() (err error) {
 	if cache.hostAbstract {
 		flags |= pkg.CHostAbstract
 	}
-	if !cache.verboseInit {
-		flags |= pkg.CSuppressInit
-	}
 
 	done := make(chan struct{})
 	defer close(done)
@@ -81,39 +73,6 @@ func (cache *cache) open() (err error) {
 		cache.jobs,
 		base,
 	)
-	if err != nil {
-		return
-	}
-	done <- struct{}{}
-
-	if cache.qemu != nil {
-		var pathname *check.Absolute
-		pathname, _, err = cache.c.Cure(cache.qemu)
-		if err != nil {
-			cache.c.Close()
-			return
-		}
-
-		pkg.RegisterArch("riscv64", container.BinfmtEntry{
-			Offset: 0,
-			Magic:  "\x7fELF\x02\x01\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02\x00\xf3\x00",
-			Mask:   "\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\x00\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xfe\xff\xff\xff",
-			Interpreter: pathname.Append(
-				"system/bin",
-				"qemu-riscv64",
-			),
-		})
-		pkg.RegisterArch("arm64", container.BinfmtEntry{
-			Offset: 0,
-			Magic:  "\x7fELF\x02\x01\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02\x00\xb7\x00",
-			Mask:   "\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xfc\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xfe\xff\xff\xff",
-			Interpreter: pathname.Append(
-				"system/bin",
-				"qemu-aarch64",
-			),
-		})
-	}
-
 	return
 }
 

cmd/mbf/daemon.go

@@ -99,9 +99,10 @@ func cancelIdent(
 	var ident pkg.ID
 	if _, err := io.ReadFull(conn, ident[:]); err != nil {
 		return nil, false, errors.Join(err, conn.Close())
+	} else if err = conn.Close(); err != nil {
+		return nil, false, err
 	}
-	ok := cache.Cancel(unique.Make(ident))
-	return &ident, ok, conn.Close()
+	return &ident, cache.Cancel(unique.Make(ident)), nil
 }
 
 // serve services connections from a [net.UnixListener].
@@ -193,11 +194,11 @@ func serve(
 						}
 
 					case specialAbort:
-						log.Println("aborting all pending cures")
-						cm.c.Abort()
 						if _err := conn.Close(); _err != nil {
 							log.Println(_err)
 						}
+						log.Println("aborting all pending cures")
+						cm.c.Abort()
 					}
 
 					return
@@ -305,7 +306,6 @@ func cancelRemote(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	addr *net.UnixAddr,
 	a pkg.Artifact,
-	wait bool,
 ) error {
 	done, conn, err := dial(ctx, addr)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -324,19 +324,13 @@ func cancelRemote(
 	} else if n != len(id) {
 		return errors.Join(io.ErrShortWrite, conn.Close())
 	}
-	if wait {
-		if _, err = conn.Read(make([]byte, 1)); err == io.EOF {
-			err = nil
-		}
-	}
-	return errors.Join(err, conn.Close())
+	return conn.Close()
 }
 
 // abortRemote aborts all [pkg.Artifact] curing on a daemon.
 func abortRemote(
 	ctx context.Context,
 	addr *net.UnixAddr,
-	wait bool,
 ) error {
 	done, conn, err := dial(ctx, addr)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -345,10 +339,5 @@ func abortRemote(
 	defer close(done)
 
 	err = writeSpecialHeader(conn, specialAbort)
-	if wait && err == nil {
-		if _, err = conn.Read(make([]byte, 1)); err == io.EOF {
-			err = nil
-		}
-	}
 	return errors.Join(err, conn.Close())
 }

cmd/mbf/daemon_test.go

@@ -106,11 +106,11 @@ func TestDaemon(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}()
 
-	if err = cancelRemote(ctx, &addr, pkg.NewFile("nonexistent", nil), true); err != nil {
+	if err = cancelRemote(ctx, &addr, pkg.NewFile("nonexistent", nil)); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("cancelRemote: error = %v", err)
 	}
 
-	if err = abortRemote(ctx, &addr, true); err != nil {
+	if err = abortRemote(ctx, &addr); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("abortRemote: error = %v", err)
 	}
 

cmd/mbf/info.go

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"os"
 	"strings"
-	"unique"
 
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 	"hakurei.app/internal/rosa"
@@ -18,12 +17,25 @@ func commandInfo(
 	args []string,
 	w io.Writer,
 	writeStatus bool,
-	r *rosa.Report,
+	reportPath string,
 ) (err error) {
 	if len(args) == 0 {
 		return errors.New("info requires at least 1 argument")
 	}
 
+	var r *rosa.Report
+	if reportPath != "" {
+		if r, err = rosa.OpenReport(reportPath); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		defer func() {
+			if closeErr := r.Close(); err == nil {
+				err = closeErr
+			}
+		}()
+		defer r.HandleAccess(&err)()
+	}
+
 	// recovered by HandleAccess
 	mustPrintln := func(a ...any) {
 		if _, _err := fmt.Fprintln(w, a...); _err != nil {
@@ -36,20 +48,17 @@ func commandInfo(
 		}
 	}
 
-	t := rosa.Native().Std()
 	for i, name := range args {
-		handle := rosa.ArtifactH(unique.Make(name))
-		if meta := rosa.Native().Get(handle); meta == nil {
+		if p, ok := rosa.ResolveName(name); !ok {
 			return fmt.Errorf("unknown artifact %q", name)
 		} else {
 			var suffix string
-
-			a, version := t.MustLoad(handle)
-			if version != rosa.Unversioned {
+			if version := rosa.Std.Version(p); version != rosa.Unversioned {
 				suffix += "-" + version
 			}
 			mustPrintln("name        : " + name + suffix)
 
+			meta := rosa.GetMetadata(p)
 			mustPrintln("description : " + meta.Description)
 			if meta.Website != "" {
 				mustPrintln("website     : " +
@@ -58,9 +67,9 @@ func commandInfo(
 			if len(meta.Dependencies) > 0 {
 				mustPrint("depends on  :")
 				for _, d := range meta.Dependencies {
-					s := rosa.Native().MustGet(d).Name
-					if _, _version := t.Load(d); _version != rosa.Unversioned {
-						s += "-" + _version
+					s := rosa.GetMetadata(d).Name
+					if version := rosa.Std.Version(d); version != rosa.Unversioned {
+						s += "-" + version
 					}
 					mustPrint(" " + s)
 				}
@@ -72,7 +81,7 @@ func commandInfo(
 				if r == nil {
 					var f io.ReadSeekCloser
 					err = cm.Do(func(cache *pkg.Cache) (err error) {
-						f, err = cache.OpenStatus(a)
+						f, err = cache.OpenStatus(rosa.Std.Load(p))
 						return
 					})
 					if err != nil {
@@ -91,7 +100,7 @@ func commandInfo(
 						}
 					}
 				} else if err = cm.Do(func(cache *pkg.Cache) (err error) {
-					status, n := r.ArtifactOf(cache.Ident(a))
+					status, n := r.ArtifactOf(cache.Ident(rosa.Std.Load(p)))
 					if status == nil {
 						mustPrintln(
 							statusPrefix + "not in report",

cmd/mbf/info_test.go

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"syscall"
 	"testing"
-	"unique"
 	"unsafe"
 
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
@@ -21,14 +20,6 @@ import (
 func TestInfo(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	_t := rosa.Native().Std()
-	_, qemuVersion := _t.Load(rosa.QEMU)
-	_, glibVersion := _t.Load(rosa.GLib)
-	zlib, zlibVersion := _t.Load(rosa.Zlib)
-	_, zstdVersion := _t.Load(rosa.Zstd)
-	_, hakureiVersion := _t.Load(rosa.Hakurei)
-	_, hakureiDistVersion := _t.Load(rosa.HakureiDist)
-
 	testCases := []struct {
 		name    string
 		args    []string
@@ -38,24 +29,24 @@ func TestInfo(t *testing.T) {
 		wantErr any
 	}{
 		{"qemu", []string{"qemu"}, nil, "", `
-name        : qemu-` + qemuVersion + `
+name        : qemu-` + rosa.Std.Version(rosa.QEMU) + `
 description : a generic and open source machine emulator and virtualizer
 website     : https://www.qemu.org
-depends on  : glib-` + glibVersion + ` zstd-` + zstdVersion + `
+depends on  : glib-` + rosa.Std.Version(rosa.GLib) + ` zstd-` + rosa.Std.Version(rosa.Zstd) + `
 `, nil},
 
 		{"multi", []string{"hakurei", "hakurei-dist"}, nil, "", `
-name        : hakurei-` + hakureiVersion + `
+name        : hakurei-` + rosa.Std.Version(rosa.Hakurei) + `
 description : low-level userspace tooling for Rosa OS
 website     : https://hakurei.app
 
-name        : hakurei-dist-` + hakureiDistVersion + `
+name        : hakurei-dist-` + rosa.Std.Version(rosa.HakureiDist) + `
 description : low-level userspace tooling for Rosa OS (distribution tarball)
 website     : https://hakurei.app
 `, nil},
 
 		{"nonexistent", []string{"zlib", "\x00"}, nil, "", `
-name        : zlib-` + zlibVersion + `
+name        : zlib-` + rosa.Std.Version(rosa.Zlib) + `
 description : lossless data-compression library
 website     : https://zlib.net
 
@@ -65,12 +56,12 @@ website     : https://zlib.net
 			"zstd":    "internal/pkg (amd64) on satori\n",
 			"hakurei": "internal/pkg (amd64) on satori\n\n",
 		}, "", `
-name        : zlib-` + zlibVersion + `
+name        : zlib-` + rosa.Std.Version(rosa.Zlib) + `
 description : lossless data-compression library
 website     : https://zlib.net
 status      : not yet cured
 
-name        : zstd-` + zstdVersion + `
+name        : zstd-` + rosa.Std.Version(rosa.Zstd) + `
 description : a fast compression algorithm
 website     : https://facebook.github.io/zstd
 status      : internal/pkg (amd64) on satori
@@ -79,19 +70,19 @@ status      : internal/pkg (amd64) on satori
 		{"status cache perm", []string{"zlib"}, map[string]string{
 			"zlib": "\x00",
 		}, "", `
-name        : zlib-` + zlibVersion + `
+name        : zlib-` + rosa.Std.Version(rosa.Zlib) + `
 description : lossless data-compression library
 website     : https://zlib.net
 `, func(cm *cache) error {
 			return &os.PathError{
 				Op:   "open",
-				Path: filepath.Join(cm.base, "status", pkg.Encode(cm.c.Ident(zlib).Value())),
+				Path: filepath.Join(cm.base, "status", pkg.Encode(cm.c.Ident(rosa.Std.Load(rosa.Zlib)).Value())),
 				Err:  syscall.EACCES,
 			}
 		}},
 
 		{"status report", []string{"zlib"}, nil, strings.Repeat("\x00", len(pkg.Checksum{})+8), `
-name        : zlib-` + zlibVersion + `
+name        : zlib-` + rosa.Std.Version(rosa.Zlib) + `
 description : lossless data-compression library
 website     : https://zlib.net
 status      : not in report
@@ -104,7 +95,7 @@ status      : not in report
 			var (
 				cm  *cache
 				buf strings.Builder
-				r   *rosa.Report
+				rp  string
 			)
 
 			if tc.status != nil || tc.report != "" {
@@ -117,31 +108,20 @@ status      : not in report
 			}
 
 			if tc.report != "" {
-				pathname := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "report")
-				err := os.WriteFile(
-					pathname,
+				rp = filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "report")
+				if err := os.WriteFile(
+					rp,
 					unsafe.Slice(unsafe.StringData(tc.report), len(tc.report)),
 					0400,
-				)
-				if err != nil {
+				); err != nil {
 					t.Fatal(err)
 				}
-
-				r, err = rosa.OpenReport(pathname)
-				if err != nil {
-					t.Fatal(err)
-				}
-				defer func() {
-					if err = r.Close(); err != nil {
-						t.Fatal(err)
-					}
-				}()
 			}
 
 			if tc.status != nil {
 				for name, status := range tc.status {
-					a, _ := _t.Load(rosa.ArtifactH(unique.Make(name)))
-					if a == nil {
+					p, ok := rosa.ResolveName(name)
+					if !ok {
 						t.Fatalf("invalid name %q", name)
 					}
 					perm := os.FileMode(0400)
@@ -152,7 +132,7 @@ status      : not in report
 						return os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(
 							cm.base,
 							"status",
-							pkg.Encode(cache.Ident(a).Value()),
+							pkg.Encode(cache.Ident(rosa.Std.Load(p)).Value()),
 						), unsafe.Slice(unsafe.StringData(status), len(status)), perm)
 					}); err != nil {
 						t.Fatalf("Do: error = %v", err)
@@ -177,7 +157,7 @@ status      : not in report
 				tc.args,
 				&buf,
 				cm != nil,
-				r,
+				rp,
 			); !reflect.DeepEqual(err, wantErr) {
 				t.Fatalf("commandInfo: error = %v, want %v", err, wantErr)
 			}

cmd/mbf/internal/pkgserver/ui/ui.go

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-// Package ui holds the static web UI.
-package ui
-
-import "net/http"
-
-// Register arranges for mux to serve the embedded frontend.
-func Register(mux *http.ServeMux) {
-	mux.Handle("GET /", http.FileServer(http.FS(static)))
-}

cmd/mbf/internal/pkgserver/ui/ui_full.go

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-//go:build frontend
-
-package ui
-
-import (
-	"embed"
-	"io/fs"
-)
-
-//go:generate tsc
-//go:generate cp index.html style.css static
-//go:embed static
-var _static embed.FS
-
-var static = func() fs.FS {
-	if f, err := fs.Sub(_static, "static"); err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	} else {
-		return f
-	}
-}()

cmd/mbf/main.go

@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"log"
 	"net"
-	"net/http"
 	"os"
 	"os/signal"
 	"path/filepath"
@@ -42,9 +41,6 @@ import (
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 	"hakurei.app/internal/rosa"
 	"hakurei.app/message"
-
-	"hakurei.app/cmd/mbf/internal/pkgserver"
-	"hakurei.app/cmd/mbf/internal/pkgserver/ui"
 )
 
 func main() {
@@ -63,16 +59,17 @@ func main() {
 	defer stop()
 
 	var cm cache
-	defer func() { cm.Close() }()
+	defer func() {
+		cm.Close()
+
+		if r := recover(); r != nil {
+			fmt.Println(r)
+			log.Fatal("consider scrubbing the on-disk cache")
+		}
+	}()
 
 	var (
 		flagQuiet bool
-		flagQEMU  bool
-		flagArch  string
-		flagCheck bool
-		flagLTO   bool
-
-		flagCrossOverride int
 
 		addr net.UnixAddr
 	)
@@ -80,38 +77,11 @@ func main() {
 		msg.SwapVerbose(!flagQuiet)
 		cm.ctx, cm.msg = ctx, msg
 		cm.base = os.ExpandEnv(cm.base)
-		if cm.base == "" {
-			cm.base = "cache"
-		}
 
 		addr.Net = "unix"
 		addr.Name = os.ExpandEnv(addr.Name)
 		if addr.Name == "" {
-			addr.Name = filepath.Join(cm.base, "daemon")
-		}
-
-		var flags int
-		if !flagCheck {
-			flags |= rosa.OptSkipCheck
-		}
-		if !flagLTO {
-			flags |= rosa.OptLLVMNoLTO
-		}
-		rosa.Native().DropCaches("", flags)
-		cross := flagArch != "" && flagArch != runtime.GOARCH
-		if flagQEMU || cross {
-			cm.qemu, _ = rosa.Native().Std().Load(rosa.QEMU)
-		}
-
-		if cross {
-			if flagCrossOverride != -1 {
-				flags = flagCrossOverride
-			}
-
-			rosa.Native().DropCaches(flagArch, flags)
-			if !rosa.HasStage0() {
-				return pkg.UnsupportedArchError(flagArch)
-			}
+			addr.Name = "daemon"
 		}
 
 		return nil
@@ -119,30 +89,6 @@ func main() {
 		&flagQuiet,
 		"q", command.BoolFlag(false),
 		"Do not print cure messages",
-	).Flag(
-		&flagQEMU,
-		"register", command.BoolFlag(false),
-		"Enable additional target architectures",
-	).Flag(
-		&flagArch,
-		"arch", command.StringFlag(runtime.GOARCH),
-		"Target architecture",
-	).Flag(
-		&flagLTO,
-		"lto", command.BoolFlag(false),
-		"Enable LTO in stage2 and stage3 LLVM toolchains",
-	).Flag(
-		&flagCheck,
-		"check", command.BoolFlag(true),
-		"Run test suites",
-	).Flag(
-		&flagCrossOverride,
-		"cross-flags", command.IntFlag(-1),
-		"Override non-native target preset flags",
-	).Flag(
-		&cm.verboseInit,
-		"v", command.BoolFlag(false),
-		"Do not suppress verbose output from init",
 	).Flag(
 		&cm.cures,
 		"cures", command.IntFlag(0),
@@ -175,17 +121,7 @@ func main() {
 	c.NewCommand(
 		"checksum", "Compute checksum of data read from standard input",
 		func([]string) error {
-			done := make(chan struct{})
-			defer close(done)
-			go func() {
-				select {
-				case <-ctx.Done():
-					os.Exit(1)
-				case <-done:
-					return
-				}
-			}()
-
+			go func() { <-ctx.Done(); os.Exit(1) }()
 			h := sha512.New384()
 			if _, err := io.Copy(h, os.Stdin); err != nil {
 				return err
@@ -219,7 +155,6 @@ func main() {
 
 	{
 		var (
-			flagBind   string
 			flagStatus bool
 			flagReport string
 		)
@@ -227,52 +162,8 @@ func main() {
 			"info",
 			"Display out-of-band metadata of an artifact",
 			func(args []string) (err error) {
-				const shutdownTimeout = 15 * time.Second
-
-				var r *rosa.Report
-				if flagReport != "" {
-					if r, err = rosa.OpenReport(flagReport); err != nil {
-						return err
-					}
-					defer func() {
-						if closeErr := r.Close(); err == nil {
-							err = closeErr
-						}
-					}()
-					defer r.HandleAccess(&err)()
-				}
-
-				if flagBind == "" {
-					return commandInfo(&cm, args, os.Stdout, flagStatus, r)
-				}
-
-				var mux http.ServeMux
-				ui.Register(&mux)
-				if err = pkgserver.Register(ctx, &mux, r); err != nil {
-					return
-				}
-
-				server := http.Server{Addr: flagBind, Handler: &mux}
-				go func() {
-					<-ctx.Done()
-					cc, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), shutdownTimeout)
-					defer cancel()
-					if _err := server.Shutdown(cc); _err != nil {
-						log.Fatal(_err)
-					}
-				}()
-
-				msg.Verbosef("listening on %q", flagBind)
-				err = server.ListenAndServe()
-				if errors.Is(err, http.ErrServerClosed) {
-					err = nil
-				}
-				return
+				return commandInfo(&cm, args, os.Stdout, flagStatus, flagReport)
 			},
-		).Flag(
-			&flagBind,
-			"bind", command.StringFlag(""),
-			"TCP address for the server to listen on",
 		).Flag(
 			&flagStatus,
 			"status", command.BoolFlag(false),
@@ -331,12 +222,12 @@ func main() {
 				n atomic.Uint64
 			)
 
-			w := make(chan rosa.ArtifactH)
+			w := make(chan rosa.PArtifact)
 			var wg sync.WaitGroup
 			for range max(flagJobs, 1) {
 				wg.Go(func() {
 					for p := range w {
-						meta := rosa.Native().MustGet(p)
+						meta := rosa.GetMetadata(p)
 						if meta.ID == 0 {
 							continue
 						}
@@ -349,9 +240,8 @@ func main() {
 							continue
 						}
 
-						_, version := rosa.Native().Std().Load(p)
 						if current, latest :=
-							version,
+							rosa.Std.Version(p),
 							meta.GetLatest(v); current != latest {
 
 							n.Add(1)
@@ -365,9 +255,9 @@ func main() {
 			}
 
 		done:
-			for _, p := range rosa.Native().Collect() {
+			for i := range rosa.PresetEnd {
 				select {
-				case w <- p:
+				case w <- rosa.PArtifact(i):
 					break
 				case <-ctx.Done():
 					break done
@@ -412,9 +302,9 @@ func main() {
 			"stage3",
 			"Check for toolchain 3-stage non-determinism",
 			func(args []string) (err error) {
-				s := rosa.Std
+				t := rosa.Std
 				if flagGentoo != "" {
-					s -= 3 // magic number to discourage misuse
+					t -= 3 // magic number to discourage misuse
 
 					var checksum pkg.Checksum
 					if len(flagChecksum) != 0 {
@@ -422,7 +312,7 @@ func main() {
 							return
 						}
 					}
-					rosa.Native().SetGentooStage3(flagGentoo, checksum)
+					rosa.SetGentooStage3(flagGentoo, checksum)
 				}
 
 				var (
@@ -431,8 +321,9 @@ func main() {
 				)
 
 				if err = cm.Do(func(cache *pkg.Cache) (err error) {
-					llvm, _ := rosa.Native().New(s - 2).Load(rosa.LLVM)
-					pathname, _, err = cache.Cure(llvm)
+					pathname, _, err = cache.Cure(
+						(t - 2).Load(rosa.Clang),
+					)
 					return
 				}); err != nil {
 					return
@@ -440,16 +331,18 @@ func main() {
 				log.Println("stage1:", pathname)
 
 				if err = cm.Do(func(cache *pkg.Cache) (err error) {
-					llvm, _ := rosa.Native().New(s - 1).Load(rosa.LLVM)
-					pathname, checksum[0], err = cache.Cure(llvm)
+					pathname, checksum[0], err = cache.Cure(
+						(t - 1).Load(rosa.Clang),
+					)
 					return
 				}); err != nil {
 					return
 				}
 				log.Println("stage2:", pathname)
 				if err = cm.Do(func(cache *pkg.Cache) (err error) {
-					llvm, _ := rosa.Native().New(s).Load(rosa.LLVM)
-					pathname, checksum[1], err = cache.Cure(llvm)
+					pathname, checksum[1], err = cache.Cure(
+						t.Load(rosa.Clang),
+					)
 					return
 				}); err != nil {
 					return
@@ -470,8 +363,9 @@ func main() {
 
 				if flagStage0 {
 					if err = cm.Do(func(cache *pkg.Cache) (err error) {
-						stage0, _ := rosa.Native().New(s).Load(rosa.Stage0)
-						pathname, _, err = cache.Cure(stage0)
+						pathname, _, err = cache.Cure(
+							t.Load(rosa.Stage0),
+						)
 						return
 					}); err != nil {
 						return
@@ -503,11 +397,6 @@ func main() {
 			flagExport  string
 			flagRemote  bool
 			flagNoReply bool
-			flagFaults  bool
-			flagPop     bool
-
-			flagBoot bool
-			flagStd  bool
 		)
 		c.NewCommand(
 			"cure",
@@ -516,16 +405,8 @@ func main() {
 				if len(args) != 1 {
 					return errors.New("cure requires 1 argument")
 				}
-
-				t := rosa.Std
-				if flagBoot {
-					t -= 2
-				} else if flagStd {
-					t -= 1
-				}
-
-				a, _ := rosa.Native().New(t).Load(rosa.ArtifactH(unique.Make(args[0])))
-				if a == nil {
+				p, ok := rosa.ResolveName(args[0])
+				if !ok {
 					return fmt.Errorf("unknown artifact %q", args[0])
 				}
 
@@ -533,7 +414,7 @@ func main() {
 				default:
 					var pathname *check.Absolute
 					err := cm.Do(func(cache *pkg.Cache) (err error) {
-						pathname, _, err = cache.Cure(a)
+						pathname, _, err = cache.Cure(rosa.Std.Load(p))
 						return
 					})
 					if err != nil {
@@ -575,7 +456,7 @@ func main() {
 						return err
 					}
 
-					if err = pkg.NewIR().EncodeAll(f, a); err != nil {
+					if err = pkg.NewIR().EncodeAll(f, rosa.Std.Load(p)); err != nil {
 						_ = f.Close()
 						return err
 					}
@@ -586,7 +467,7 @@ func main() {
 					return cm.Do(func(cache *pkg.Cache) error {
 						return cache.EnterExec(
 							ctx,
-							a,
+							rosa.Std.Load(p),
 							true, os.Stdin, os.Stdout, os.Stderr,
 							rosa.AbsSystem.Append("bin", "mksh"),
 							"sh",
@@ -598,6 +479,7 @@ func main() {
 					if flagNoReply {
 						flags |= remoteNoReply
 					}
+					a := rosa.Std.Load(p)
 					pathname, err := cureRemote(ctx, &addr, a, flags)
 					if !flagNoReply && err == nil {
 						log.Println(pathname)
@@ -607,55 +489,12 @@ func main() {
 						cc, cancel := context.WithDeadline(context.Background(), daemonDeadline())
 						defer cancel()
 
-						if _err := cancelRemote(cc, &addr, a, false); _err != nil {
+						if _err := cancelRemote(cc, &addr, a); _err != nil {
 							log.Println(err)
 						}
 					}
 
 					return err
-
-				case flagFaults:
-					var faults []pkg.Fault
-					if err := cm.Do(func(cache *pkg.Cache) (err error) {
-						faults, err = cache.ReadFaults(a)
-						return
-					}); err != nil {
-						return err
-					}
-
-					for _, fault := range faults {
-						log.Printf("%s: %s ago", fault.String(), time.Since(fault.Time()))
-					}
-					return nil
-
-				case flagPop:
-					var faults []pkg.Fault
-					if err := cm.Do(func(cache *pkg.Cache) (err error) {
-						faults, err = cache.ReadFaults(a)
-						return
-					}); err != nil {
-						return err
-					}
-
-					if len(faults) == 0 {
-						return errors.New("no fault entries found")
-					}
-					fault := faults[len(faults)-1]
-					r, err := fault.Open()
-					if err != nil {
-						return err
-					}
-					if _, err = io.Copy(os.Stdout, r); err != nil {
-						_ = r.Close()
-						return err
-					}
-					fmt.Println()
-					if err = r.Close(); err != nil {
-						return err
-					}
-
-					log.Printf("faulting cure terminated %s ago", time.Since(fault.Time()))
-					return fault.Destroy()
 				}
 			},
 		).Flag(
@@ -678,52 +517,13 @@ func main() {
 			&flagNoReply,
 			"no-reply", command.BoolFlag(false),
 			"Do not receive a reply from the daemon",
-		).Flag(
-			&flagBoot,
-			"boot", command.BoolFlag(false),
-			"Build on the stage0 toolchain",
-		).Flag(
-			&flagStd,
-			"std", command.BoolFlag(false),
-			"Build on the intermediate toolchain",
-		).Flag(
-			&flagFaults,
-			"faults", command.BoolFlag(false),
-			"Display fault entries of the specified artifact",
-		).Flag(
-			&flagPop,
-			"pop", command.BoolFlag(false),
-			"Display and destroy the most recent fault entry",
 		)
 	}
 
-	c.NewCommand(
-		"clear",
-		"Remove all fault entries from the cache",
-		func([]string) error {
-			return cm.Do(func(*pkg.Cache) error {
-				pathname := filepath.Join(cm.base, "fault")
-				dents, err := os.ReadDir(pathname)
-				if err != nil {
-					return err
-				}
-
-				for _, dent := range dents {
-					msg.Verbosef("destroying entry %s", dent.Name())
-					if err = os.Remove(filepath.Join(pathname, dent.Name())); err != nil {
-						return err
-					}
-				}
-				log.Printf("destroyed %d fault entries", len(dents))
-				return nil
-			})
-		},
-	)
-
 	c.NewCommand(
 		"abort",
 		"Abort all pending cures on the daemon",
-		func([]string) error { return abortRemote(ctx, &addr, false) },
+		func([]string) error { return abortRemote(ctx, &addr) },
 	)
 
 	{
@@ -737,26 +537,27 @@ func main() {
 			"shell",
 			"Interactive shell in the specified Rosa OS environment",
 			func(args []string) error {
-				handles := make([]rosa.ArtifactH, len(args)+3)
+				presets := make([]rosa.PArtifact, len(args)+3)
 				for i, arg := range args {
-					handles[i] = rosa.ArtifactH(unique.Make(arg))
-					if rosa.Native().Get(handles[i]) == nil {
+					p, ok := rosa.ResolveName(arg)
+					if !ok {
 						return fmt.Errorf("unknown artifact %q", arg)
 					}
+					presets[i] = p
 				}
 
-				base := rosa.LLVM
+				base := rosa.Clang
 				if !flagWithToolchain {
 					base = rosa.Musl
 				}
-				handles = append(handles,
+				presets = append(presets,
 					base,
 					rosa.Mksh,
 					rosa.Toybox,
 				)
 
 				root := make(pkg.Collect, 0, 6+len(args))
-				root = rosa.Native().Std().Append(root, handles...)
+				root = rosa.Std.AppendPresets(root, presets...)
 
 				if err := cm.Do(func(cache *pkg.Cache) error {
 					_, _, err := cache.Cure(&root)
@@ -817,7 +618,6 @@ func main() {
 				z.Hostname = "localhost"
 				z.Uid, z.Gid = (1<<10)-1, (1<<10)-1
 				z.Stdin, z.Stdout, z.Stderr = os.Stdin, os.Stdout, os.Stderr
-				z.Quiet = !cm.verboseInit
 				if s, ok := os.LookupEnv("TERM"); ok {
 					z.Env = append(z.Env, "TERM="+s)
 				}

cmd/mbf/main_test.go

@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-package main
-
-import (
-	"net"
-	"os"
-	"testing"
-
-	"hakurei.app/internal/rosa"
-)
-
-func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
-	rosa.Native().DropCaches("", rosa.OptLLVMNoLTO)
-	os.Exit(m.Run())
-}
-
-func TestCureAll(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-	const env = "ROSA_TEST_DAEMON"
-
-	if !testing.Verbose() {
-		t.Skip("verbose flag not set")
-	}
-
-	pathname, ok := os.LookupEnv(env)
-	if !ok {
-		t.Skip(env + " not set")
-	}
-
-	addr := net.UnixAddr{Net: "unix", Name: pathname}
-	t.Cleanup(func() {
-		if t.Failed() {
-			if err := abortRemote(t.Context(), &addr, false); err != nil {
-				t.Fatal(err)
-			}
-		}
-	})
-
-	for _, handle := range rosa.Native().Collect() {
-		a, _ := rosa.Native().Std().MustLoad(handle)
-		t.Run(rosa.Native().MustGet(handle).Name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			_, err := cureRemote(t.Context(), &addr, a, 0)
-			if err != nil {
-				t.Error(err)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}

cmd/pkgserver/api.go

@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
-// Package pkgserver implements the package metadata service backend.
-package pkgserver
+package main
 
 import (
-	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"log"
 	"net/http"
@@ -10,7 +8,6 @@ import (
 	"path"
 	"strconv"
 	"sync"
-	"time"
 
 	"hakurei.app/internal/info"
 	"hakurei.app/internal/rosa"
@@ -30,7 +27,7 @@ var (
 // handleInfo writes constant system information.
 func handleInfo(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
 	infoPayloadOnce.Do(func() {
-		infoPayload.Count = int(rosa.Native().Count())
+		infoPayload.Count = int(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart)
 		infoPayload.HakureiVersion = info.Version()
 	})
 	// TODO(mae): cache entire response if no additional fields are planned
@@ -91,7 +88,7 @@ func (index *packageIndex) handleGet(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	if err != nil || i >= len(index.sorts[0]) || i < 0 {
 		http.Error(
 			w, "index must be an integer between 0 and "+
-				strconv.Itoa(len(index.sorts[0])-1),
+				strconv.Itoa(int(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart-1)),
 			http.StatusBadRequest,
 		)
 		return
@@ -125,7 +122,7 @@ func (index *packageIndex) handleSearch(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request)
 	if err != nil || i >= len(index.sorts[0]) || i < 0 {
 		http.Error(
 			w, "index must be an integer between 0 and "+
-				strconv.Itoa(len(index.sorts[0])-1),
+				strconv.Itoa(int(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart-1)),
 			http.StatusBadRequest,
 		)
 		return
@@ -161,29 +158,6 @@ func (index *packageIndex) registerAPI(mux *http.ServeMux) {
 	mux.HandleFunc("GET /status/", index.newStatusHandler(true))
 }
 
-// Register arranges for mux to service API requests.
-func Register(ctx context.Context, mux *http.ServeMux, report *rosa.Report) error {
-	var index packageIndex
-	index.search = make(searchCache)
-	if err := index.populate(report); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	ticker := time.NewTicker(1 * time.Minute)
-	go func() {
-		for {
-			select {
-			case <-ctx.Done():
-				ticker.Stop()
-				return
-			case <-ticker.C:
-				index.search.clean()
-			}
-		}
-	}()
-	index.registerAPI(mux)
-	return nil
-}
-
 // writeAPIPayload sets headers common to API responses and encodes payload as
 // JSON for the response body.
 func writeAPIPayload(w http.ResponseWriter, payload any) {

cmd/pkgserver/api_test.go

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-package pkgserver
+package main
 
 import (
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
+	"slices"
 	"strconv"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -31,7 +32,7 @@ func TestAPIInfo(t *testing.T) {
 	checkPayload(t, resp, struct {
 		Count          int    `json:"count"`
 		HakureiVersion string `json:"hakurei_version"`
-	}{rosa.Native().Count(), info.Version()})
+	}{int(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart), info.Version()})
 }
 
 func TestAPIGet(t *testing.T) {
@@ -95,8 +96,8 @@ func TestAPIGet(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("index", func(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Parallel()
 		checkValidate(
-			t, "limit=1&sort=0&index", 0, rosa.Native().Count()-1,
-			"index must be an integer between 0 and "+strconv.Itoa(rosa.Native().Count()-1),
+			t, "limit=1&sort=0&index", 0, int(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart-1),
+			"index must be an integer between 0 and "+strconv.Itoa(int(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart-1)),
 		)
 	})
 
@@ -107,4 +108,76 @@ func TestAPIGet(t *testing.T) {
 			"sort must be an integer between 0 and "+strconv.Itoa(int(sortOrderEnd)),
 		)
 	})
+
+	checkWithSuffix := func(name, suffix string, want []*metadata) {
+		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			w := newRequest(suffix)
+			resp := w.Result()
+			checkStatus(t, resp, http.StatusOK)
+			checkAPIHeader(t, w.Header())
+			checkPayloadFunc(t, resp, func(got *struct {
+				Count  int         `json:"count"`
+				Values []*metadata `json:"values"`
+			}) bool {
+				return got.Count == len(want) &&
+					slices.EqualFunc(got.Values, want, func(a, b *metadata) bool {
+						return (a.Version == b.Version ||
+							a.Version == rosa.Unversioned ||
+							b.Version == rosa.Unversioned) &&
+							a.HasReport == b.HasReport &&
+							a.Name == b.Name &&
+							a.Description == b.Description &&
+							a.Website == b.Website
+					})
+			})
+
+		})
+	}
+
+	checkWithSuffix("declarationAscending", "?limit=2&index=0&sort=0", []*metadata{
+		{
+			Metadata: rosa.GetMetadata(0),
+			Version:  rosa.Std.Version(0),
+		},
+		{
+			Metadata: rosa.GetMetadata(1),
+			Version:  rosa.Std.Version(1),
+		},
+	})
+	checkWithSuffix("declarationAscending offset", "?limit=3&index=5&sort=0", []*metadata{
+		{
+			Metadata: rosa.GetMetadata(5),
+			Version:  rosa.Std.Version(5),
+		},
+		{
+			Metadata: rosa.GetMetadata(6),
+			Version:  rosa.Std.Version(6),
+		},
+		{
+			Metadata: rosa.GetMetadata(7),
+			Version:  rosa.Std.Version(7),
+		},
+	})
+	checkWithSuffix("declarationDescending", "?limit=3&index=0&sort=1", []*metadata{
+		{
+			Metadata: rosa.GetMetadata(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart - 1),
+			Version:  rosa.Std.Version(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart - 1),
+		},
+		{
+			Metadata: rosa.GetMetadata(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart - 2),
+			Version:  rosa.Std.Version(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart - 2),
+		},
+		{
+			Metadata: rosa.GetMetadata(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart - 3),
+			Version:  rosa.Std.Version(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart - 3),
+		},
+	})
+	checkWithSuffix("declarationDescending offset", "?limit=1&index=37&sort=1", []*metadata{
+		{
+			Metadata: rosa.GetMetadata(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart - 38),
+			Version:  rosa.Std.Version(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart - 38),
+		},
+	})
 }

cmd/pkgserver/index.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package pkgserver
+package main
 
 import (
 	"cmp"
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ const (
 
 // packageIndex refers to metadata by name and various sort orders.
 type packageIndex struct {
-	sorts  [sortOrderEnd + 1][]*metadata
+	sorts  [sortOrderEnd + 1][rosa.PresetUnexportedStart]*metadata
 	names  map[string]*metadata
 	search searchCache
 	// Taken from [rosa.Report] if available.
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@ type packageIndex struct {
 
 // metadata holds [rosa.Metadata] extended with additional information.
 type metadata struct {
-	handle rosa.ArtifactH
-	*rosa.Artifact
+	p rosa.PArtifact
+	*rosa.Metadata
 
 	// Populated via [rosa.Toolchain.Version], [rosa.Unversioned] is equivalent
 	// to the zero value. Otherwise, the zero value is invalid.
@@ -50,23 +50,20 @@ type metadata struct {
 }
 
 // populate deterministically populates packageIndex, optionally with a report.
-func (index *packageIndex) populate(report *rosa.Report) (err error) {
+func (index *packageIndex) populate(cache *pkg.Cache, report *rosa.Report) (err error) {
 	if report != nil {
 		defer report.HandleAccess(&err)()
 		index.handleAccess = report.HandleAccess
 	}
 
-	handles := rosa.Native().Collect()
-	work := make([]*metadata, len(handles))
+	var work [rosa.PresetUnexportedStart]*metadata
 	index.names = make(map[string]*metadata)
-	ir := pkg.NewIR()
-	for i, handle := range handles {
-		a, version := rosa.Native().Std().MustLoad(handle)
+	for p := range rosa.PresetUnexportedStart {
 		m := metadata{
-			handle: handle,
+			p: p,
 
-			Artifact: rosa.Native().MustGet(handle),
-			Version:  version,
+			Metadata: rosa.GetMetadata(p),
+			Version:  rosa.Std.Version(p),
 		}
 		if m.Version == "" {
 			return errors.New("invalid version from " + m.Name)
@@ -75,33 +72,33 @@ func (index *packageIndex) populate(report *rosa.Report) (err error) {
 			m.Version = ""
 		}
 
-		if report != nil {
-			id := ir.Ident(a)
+		if cache != nil && report != nil {
+			id := cache.Ident(rosa.Std.Load(p))
 			m.ids = pkg.Encode(id.Value())
 			m.status, m.Size = report.ArtifactOf(id)
 			m.HasReport = m.Size >= 0
 		}
 
-		work[i] = &m
+		work[p] = &m
 		index.names[m.Name] = &m
 	}
 
 	index.sorts[declarationAscending] = work
-	index.sorts[declarationDescending] = slices.Clone(work)
+	index.sorts[declarationDescending] = work
 	slices.Reverse(index.sorts[declarationDescending][:])
 
-	index.sorts[nameAscending] = slices.Clone(work)
+	index.sorts[nameAscending] = work
 	slices.SortFunc(index.sorts[nameAscending][:], func(a, b *metadata) int {
 		return strings.Compare(a.Name, b.Name)
 	})
-	index.sorts[nameDescending] = slices.Clone(index.sorts[nameAscending])
+	index.sorts[nameDescending] = index.sorts[nameAscending]
 	slices.Reverse(index.sorts[nameDescending][:])
 
-	index.sorts[sizeAscending] = slices.Clone(work)
+	index.sorts[sizeAscending] = work
 	slices.SortFunc(index.sorts[sizeAscending][:], func(a, b *metadata) int {
 		return cmp.Compare(a.Size, b.Size)
 	})
-	index.sorts[sizeDescending] = slices.Clone(index.sorts[sizeAscending])
+	index.sorts[sizeDescending] = index.sorts[sizeAscending]
 	slices.Reverse(index.sorts[sizeDescending][:])
 
 	return

cmd/pkgserver/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"log"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"os/signal"
+	"syscall"
+	"time"
+
+	"hakurei.app/check"
+	"hakurei.app/command"
+	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
+	"hakurei.app/internal/rosa"
+	"hakurei.app/message"
+)
+
+const shutdownTimeout = 15 * time.Second
+
+func main() {
+	log.SetFlags(0)
+	log.SetPrefix("pkgserver: ")
+
+	var (
+		flagBaseDir string
+		flagAddr    string
+	)
+
+	ctx, stop := signal.NotifyContext(context.Background(), syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM, syscall.SIGHUP)
+	defer stop()
+	msg := message.New(log.Default())
+
+	c := command.New(os.Stderr, log.Printf, "pkgserver", func(args []string) error {
+		var (
+			cache  *pkg.Cache
+			report *rosa.Report
+		)
+		switch len(args) {
+		case 0:
+			break
+
+		case 1:
+			baseDir, err := check.NewAbs(flagBaseDir)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			cache, err = pkg.Open(ctx, msg, 0, 0, 0, baseDir)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			defer cache.Close()
+
+			report, err = rosa.OpenReport(args[0])
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+		default:
+			return errors.New("pkgserver requires 1 argument")
+
+		}
+
+		var index packageIndex
+		index.search = make(searchCache)
+		if err := index.populate(cache, report); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		ticker := time.NewTicker(1 * time.Minute)
+		go func() {
+			for {
+				select {
+				case <-ctx.Done():
+					ticker.Stop()
+					return
+				case <-ticker.C:
+					index.search.clean()
+				}
+			}
+		}()
+		var mux http.ServeMux
+		uiRoutes(&mux)
+		testUIRoutes(&mux)
+		index.registerAPI(&mux)
+		server := http.Server{
+			Addr:    flagAddr,
+			Handler: &mux,
+		}
+		go func() {
+			<-ctx.Done()
+			c, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), shutdownTimeout)
+			defer cancel()
+			if err := server.Shutdown(c); err != nil {
+				log.Fatal(err)
+			}
+		}()
+		return server.ListenAndServe()
+	}).Flag(
+		&flagBaseDir,
+		"b", command.StringFlag(""),
+		"base directory for cache",
+	).Flag(
+		&flagAddr,
+		"addr", command.StringFlag(":8067"),
+		"TCP network address to listen on",
+	)
+	c.MustParse(os.Args[1:], func(err error) {
+		if errors.Is(err, http.ErrServerClosed) {
+			os.Exit(0)
+		}
+		log.Fatal(err)
+	})
+}

cmd/pkgserver/main_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package pkgserver
+package main
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ func newIndex(t *testing.T) *packageIndex {
 	t.Helper()
 
 	var index packageIndex
-	if err := index.populate(nil); err != nil {
+	if err := index.populate(nil, nil); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("populate: error = %v", err)
 	}
 	return &index

cmd/pkgserver/search.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package pkgserver
+package main
 
 import (
 	"cmp"

cmd/pkgserver/test_ui.go

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+//go:build frontend && frontend_test
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"embed"
+	"io/fs"
+	"net/http"
+)
+
+// Always remove ui_test/ui; if the previous tsc run failed, the rm never
+// executes.
+
+//go:generate sh -c "rm -r ui_test/ui/ 2>/dev/null || true"
+//go:generate mkdir ui_test/ui
+//go:generate sh -c "cp ui/static/*.ts ui_test/ui/"
+//go:generate tsc -p ui_test
+//go:generate rm -r ui_test/ui/
+//go:generate cp ui_test/lib/ui.css ui_test/static/style.css
+//go:generate cp ui_test/lib/ui.html ui_test/static/index.html
+//go:generate sh -c "cd ui_test/lib && cp *.svg ../static/"
+//go:embed ui_test/static
+var _staticTest embed.FS
+
+var staticTest = func() fs.FS {
+	if f, err := fs.Sub(_staticTest, "ui_test/static"); err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	} else {
+		return f
+	}
+}()
+
+func testUIRoutes(mux *http.ServeMux) {
+	mux.Handle("GET /test/", http.StripPrefix("/test", http.FileServer(http.FS(staticTest))))
+}

cmd/pkgserver/test_ui_stub.go

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+//go:build !(frontend && frontend_test)
+
+package main
+
+import "net/http"
+
+func testUIRoutes(mux *http.ServeMux) {}

cmd/pkgserver/ui.go

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package main
+
+import "net/http"
+
+func serveWebUI(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	w.Header().Set("Cache-Control", "no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate")
+	w.Header().Set("Pragma", "no-cache")
+	w.Header().Set("Expires", "0")
+	w.Header().Set("X-Content-Type-Options", "nosniff")
+	w.Header().Set("X-XSS-Protection", "1")
+	w.Header().Set("X-Frame-Options", "DENY")
+
+	http.ServeFileFS(w, r, content, "ui/index.html")
+}
+func serveStaticContent(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	switch r.URL.Path {
+	case "/static/style.css":
+		http.ServeFileFS(w, r, content, "ui/static/style.css")
+	case "/favicon.ico":
+		http.ServeFileFS(w, r, content, "ui/static/favicon.ico")
+	case "/static/index.js":
+		http.ServeFileFS(w, r, content, "ui/static/index.js")
+	default:
+		http.NotFound(w, r)
+
+	}
+}
+
+func uiRoutes(mux *http.ServeMux) {
+	mux.HandleFunc("GET /{$}", serveWebUI)
+	mux.HandleFunc("GET /favicon.ico", serveStaticContent)
+	mux.HandleFunc("GET /static/", serveStaticContent)
+}

cmd/pkgserver/ui/index.html

@@ -3,13 +3,12 @@
 <head>
     <meta charset="UTF-8">
     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
-    <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
-    <link rel="icon" href="https://hakurei.app/favicon.ico"/>
-    <title>Rosa OS Packages</title>
-    <script src="index.js"></script>
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="static/style.css">
+    <title>Hakurei PkgServer</title>
+    <script src="static/index.js"></script>
 </head>
 <body>
-<h1>Rosa OS Packages</h1>
+<h1>Hakurei PkgServer</h1>
 <div class="top-controls" id="top-controls-regular">
     <p>Showing entries <span id="entry-counter"></span>.</p>
     <span id="search-bar">
@@ -55,4 +54,4 @@
 </footer>
 <script>main();</script>
 </body>
-</html>
+</html>

cmd/pkgserver/ui_full.go

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+//go:build frontend
+
+package main
+
+import "embed"
+
+//go:generate tsc -p ui
+//go:embed ui/*
+var content embed.FS

cmd/pkgserver/ui_stub.go

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 //go:build !frontend
 
-package ui
+package main
 
 import "testing/fstest"
 
-var static fstest.MapFS
+var content fstest.MapFS

cmd/pkgserver/ui_test/all_tests.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+// Import all test files to register their test suites.
+import "./index_test.js";

cmd/pkgserver/ui_test/index_test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+import { suite, test } from "./lib/test.js";
+import "./ui/index.js";

cmd/pkgserver/ui_test/lib/cli.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env node
+
+// Many editors have terminal emulators built in, so running tests with NodeJS
+// provides faster iteration, especially for those acclimated to test-driven
+// development.
+
+import "../all_tests.js";
+import { StreamReporter, GLOBAL_REGISTRAR } from "./test.js";
+
+// TypeScript doesn't like process and Deno as their type definitions aren't
+// installed, but doesn't seem to complain if they're accessed through
+// globalThis.
+const process: any = (globalThis as any).process;
+const Deno: any = (globalThis as any).Deno;
+
+function getArgs(): string[] {
+    if (process) {
+        const [runtime, program, ...args] = process.argv;
+        return args;
+    }
+    if (Deno) return Deno.args;
+    return [];
+}
+
+function exit(code?: number): never {
+    if (Deno) Deno.exit(code);
+    if (process) process.exit(code);
+    throw `exited with code ${code ?? 0}`;
+}
+
+const args = getArgs();
+let verbose = false;
+if (args.length > 1) {
+    console.error("Too many arguments");
+    exit(1);
+}
+if (args.length === 1) {
+    if (args[0] === "-v" || args[0] === "--verbose" || args[0] === "-verbose") {
+        verbose = true;
+    } else if (args[0] !== "--") {
+        console.error(`Unknown argument '${args[0]}'`);
+        exit(1);
+    }
+}
+
+let reporter = new StreamReporter({ writeln: console.log }, verbose);
+GLOBAL_REGISTRAR.run(reporter);
+exit(reporter.succeeded() ? 0 : 1);

cmd/pkgserver/ui_test/lib/failure-closed.svg

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<!-- See failure-open.svg for an explanation of the view box dimensions. -->
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" viewBox="-20,-20 160 130">
+    <!-- This triangle should match success-closed.svg, fill and stroke color notwithstanding. -->
+    <polygon points="0,0 100,50 0,100" fill="red" stroke="red" stroke-width="15" stroke-linejoin="round"/>
+    <!--
+     ! y-coordinates go before x-coordinates here to highlight the difference
+     ! (or, lack thereof) between these numbers and the ones in failure-open.svg;
+     ! try a textual diff. Make sure to keep the numbers in sync!
+     -->
+    <line y1="30" x1="10" y2="70" x2="50" stroke="white" stroke-width="16"/>
+    <line y1="30" x1="50" y2="70" x2="10" stroke="white" stroke-width="16"/>
+</svg>

cmd/pkgserver/ui_test/lib/failure-open.svg

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<!--
+ ! This view box is a bit weird: the strokes assume they're working in a view
+ ! box that spans from the (0,0) to (100,100), and indeed that is convenient
+ ! conceptualizing the strokes, but the stroke itself has a considerable width
+ ! that gets clipped by restrictive view box dimensions. Hence, the view is
+ ! shifted from (0,0)–(100,100) to (-20,-20)–(120,120), to make room for the
+ ! clipped stroke, while leaving behind an illusion of working in a view box
+ ! spanning from (0,0) to (100,100).
+ !
+ ! However, the resulting SVG is too close to the summary text, and CSS
+ ! properties to add padding do not seem to work with `content:` (likely because
+ ! they're anonymous replaced elements); thus, the width of the view is
+ ! increased considerably to provide padding in the SVG itself, while leaving
+ ! the strokes oblivious.
+ !
+ ! It gets worse: the summary text isn't vertically aligned with the icon! As
+ ! a flexbox cannot be used in a summary to align the marker with the text, the
+ ! simplest and most effective solution is to reduce the height of the view box
+ ! from 140 to 130, thereby removing some of the bottom padding present.
+ !
+ ! All six SVGs use the same view box (and indeed, they refer to this comment)
+ ! so that they all appear to be the same size and position relative to each
+ ! other on the DOM—indeed, the view box dimensions, alongside the width,
+ ! directly control their placement on the DOM.
+ !
+ ! TL;DR: CSS is janky, overflow is weird, and SVG is awesome!
+ -->
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" viewBox="-20,-20 160 130">
+    <!-- This triangle should match success-open.svg, fill and stroke color notwithstanding. -->
+    <polygon points="0,0 100,0 50,100" fill="red" stroke="red" stroke-width="15" stroke-linejoin="round"/>
+    <!-- See the comment in failure-closed.svg before modifying this. -->
+    <line x1="30" y1="10" x2="70" y2="50" stroke="white" stroke-width="16"/>
+    <line x1="30" y1="50" x2="70" y2="10" stroke="white" stroke-width="16"/>
+</svg>

cmd/pkgserver/ui_test/lib/go_test_entrypoint.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+import "../all_tests.js";
+import { GoTestReporter, GLOBAL_REGISTRAR } from "./test.js";
+GLOBAL_REGISTRAR.run(new GoTestReporter());

cmd/pkgserver/ui_test/lib/skip-closed.svg

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<!-- See failure-open.svg for an explanation of the view box dimensions. -->
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" viewBox="-20,-20 160 130">
+    <!-- This triangle should match success-closed.svg, fill and stroke color notwithstanding. -->
+    <polygon points="0,0 100,50 0,100" fill="blue" stroke="blue" stroke-width="15" stroke-linejoin="round"/>
+    <!--
+     ! This path is extremely similar to the one in skip-open.svg; before
+     ! making minor modifications, diff the two to understand how they should
+     ! remain in sync.
+     -->
+    <path
+        d="M 50,50
+           A 23,23 270,1,1 30,30
+           l -10,20
+           m 10,-20
+           l -20,-10"
+        fill="none"
+        stroke="white"
+        stroke-width="12"
+        stroke-linejoin="round"/>
+</svg>

cmd/pkgserver/ui_test/lib/skip-open.svg

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<!-- See failure-open.svg for an explanation of the view box dimensions. -->
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" viewBox="-20,-20 160 130">
+    <!-- This triangle should match success-open.svg, fill and stroke color notwithstanding. -->
+    <polygon points="0,0 100,0 50,100" fill="blue" stroke="blue" stroke-width="15" stroke-linejoin="round"/>
+    <!--
+     ! This path is extremely similar to the one in skip-closed.svg; before
+     ! making minor modifications, diff the two to understand how they should
+     ! remain in sync.
+     -->
+    <path
+        d="M 50,50
+           A 23,23 270,1,1 70,30
+           l 10,-20
+           m -10,20
+           l -20,-10"
+        fill="none"
+        stroke="white"
+        stroke-width="12"
+        stroke-linejoin="round"/>
+</svg>

cmd/pkgserver/ui_test/lib/success-closed.svg

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<!-- See failure-open.svg for an explanation of the view box dimensions. -->
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" viewBox="-20,-20 160 130">
+    <style>
+    .adaptive-stroke {
+        stroke: black;
+    }
+    @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
+        .adaptive-stroke {
+            stroke: ghostwhite;
+        }
+    }
+    </style>
+    <!-- When updating this triangle, also update the other five SVGs. -->
+    <polygon points="0,0 100,50 0,100" fill="none" class="adaptive-stroke" stroke-width="15" stroke-linejoin="round"/>
+</svg>

cmd/pkgserver/ui_test/lib/success-open.svg

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<!-- See failure-open.svg for an explanation of the view box dimensions. -->
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" viewBox="-20,-20 160 130">
+    <style>
+    .adaptive-stroke {
+        stroke: black;
+    }
+    @media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
+        .adaptive-stroke {
+            stroke: ghostwhite;
+        }
+    }
+    </style>
+    <!-- When updating this triangle, also update the other five SVGs. -->
+    <polygon points="0,0 100,0 50,100" fill="none" class="adaptive-stroke" stroke-width="15" stroke-linejoin="round"/>
+</svg>

cmd/pkgserver/ui_test/lib/test.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,403 @@
+// =============================================================================
+// DSL
+
+type TestTree = TestGroup | Test;
+type TestGroup = { name: string; children: TestTree[] };
+type Test = { name: string; test: (t: TestController) => void };
+
+export class TestRegistrar {
+    #suites: TestGroup[];
+
+    constructor() {
+        this.#suites = [];
+    }
+
+    suite(name: string, children: TestTree[]) {
+        checkDuplicates(name, children);
+        this.#suites.push({ name, children });
+    }
+
+    run(reporter: Reporter) {
+        reporter.register(this.#suites);
+        for (const suite of this.#suites) {
+            for (const c of suite.children) runTests(reporter, [suite.name], c);
+        }
+        reporter.finalize();
+    }
+}
+
+export let GLOBAL_REGISTRAR = new TestRegistrar();
+
+// Register a suite in the global registrar.
+export function suite(name: string, children: TestTree[]) {
+    GLOBAL_REGISTRAR.suite(name, children);
+}
+
+export function group(name: string, children: TestTree[]): TestTree {
+    checkDuplicates(name, children);
+    return { name, children };
+}
+export const context = group;
+export const describe = group;
+
+export function test(name: string, test: (t: TestController) => void): TestTree {
+    return { name, test };
+}
+
+function checkDuplicates(parent: string, names: { name: string }[]) {
+    let seen = new Set<string>();
+    for (const { name } of names) {
+        if (seen.has(name)) {
+            throw new RangeError(`duplicate name '${name}' in '${parent}'`);
+        }
+        seen.add(name);
+    }
+}
+
+export type TestState = "success" | "failure" | "skip";
+
+class AbortSentinel {}
+
+export class TestController {
+    #state: TestState;
+    logs: string[];
+
+    constructor() {
+        this.#state = "success";
+        this.logs = [];
+    }
+
+    getState(): TestState {
+        return this.#state;
+    }
+
+    fail() {
+        this.#state = "failure";
+    }
+
+    failed(): boolean {
+        return this.#state === "failure";
+    }
+
+    failNow(): never {
+        this.fail();
+        throw new AbortSentinel();
+    }
+
+    log(message: string) {
+        this.logs.push(message);
+    }
+
+    error(message: string) {
+        this.log(message);
+        this.fail();
+    }
+
+    fatal(message: string): never {
+        this.log(message);
+        this.failNow();
+    }
+
+    skip(message?: string): never {
+        if (message != null) this.log(message);
+        if (this.#state !== "failure") this.#state = "skip";
+        throw new AbortSentinel();
+    }
+
+    skipped(): boolean {
+        return this.#state === "skip";
+    }
+}
+
+// =============================================================================
+// Execution
+
+export interface TestResult {
+    state: TestState;
+    logs: string[];
+}
+
+function runTests(reporter: Reporter, parents: string[], node: TestTree) {
+    const path = [...parents, node.name];
+    if ("children" in node) {
+        for (const c of node.children) runTests(reporter, path, c);
+        return;
+    }
+    let controller = new TestController();
+    try {
+        node.test(controller);
+    } catch (e) {
+        if (!(e instanceof AbortSentinel)) {
+            controller.error(extractExceptionString(e));
+        }
+    }
+    reporter.update(path, { state: controller.getState(), logs: controller.logs });
+}
+
+function extractExceptionString(e: any): string {
+    // String() instead of .toString() as null and undefined don't have
+    // properties.
+    const s = String(e);
+    if (!(e instanceof Error && e.stack)) return s;
+    // v8 (Chromium, NodeJS) includes the error message, while Firefox and
+    // WebKit do not.
+    if (e.stack.startsWith(s)) return e.stack;
+    return `${s}\n${e.stack}`;
+}
+
+// =============================================================================
+// Reporting
+
+export interface Reporter {
+    register(suites: TestGroup[]): void;
+    update(path: string[], result: TestResult): void;
+    finalize(): void;
+}
+
+export class NoOpReporter implements Reporter {
+    suites: TestGroup[];
+    results: ({ path: string[] } & TestResult)[];
+    finalized: boolean;
+
+    constructor() {
+        this.suites = [];
+        this.results = [];
+        this.finalized = false;
+    }
+
+    register(suites: TestGroup[]) {
+        this.suites = suites;
+    }
+
+    update(path: string[], result: TestResult) {
+        this.results.push({ path, ...result });
+    }
+
+    finalize() {
+        this.finalized = true;
+    }
+}
+
+export interface Stream {
+    writeln(s: string): void;
+}
+
+const SEP = " ❯ ";
+
+export class StreamReporter implements Reporter {
+    stream: Stream;
+    verbose: boolean;
+    #successes: ({ path: string[] } & TestResult)[];
+    #failures: ({ path: string[] } & TestResult)[];
+    #skips: ({ path: string[] } & TestResult)[];
+
+    constructor(stream: Stream, verbose: boolean = false) {
+        this.stream = stream;
+        this.verbose = verbose;
+        this.#successes = [];
+        this.#failures = [];
+        this.#skips = [];
+    }
+
+    succeeded(): boolean {
+        return this.#successes.length > 0 && this.#failures.length === 0;
+    }
+
+    register(suites: TestGroup[]) {}
+
+    update(path: string[], result: TestResult) {
+        if (path.length === 0) throw new RangeError("path is empty");
+        const pathStr = path.join(SEP);
+        switch (result.state) {
+        case "success":
+            this.#successes.push({ path, ...result });
+            if (this.verbose) this.stream.writeln(`✅️ ${pathStr}`);
+            break;
+        case "failure":
+            this.#failures.push({ path, ...result });
+            this.stream.writeln(`⚠️ ${pathStr}`);
+            break;
+        case "skip":
+            this.#skips.push({ path, ...result });
+            this.stream.writeln(`⏭️ ${pathStr}`);
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    finalize() {
+        if (this.verbose) this.#displaySection("successes", this.#successes, true);
+        this.#displaySection("failures", this.#failures);
+        this.#displaySection("skips", this.#skips);
+        this.stream.writeln("");
+        this.stream.writeln(
+            `${this.#successes.length} succeeded, ${this.#failures.length} failed` +
+                (this.#skips.length ? `, ${this.#skips.length} skipped` : ""),
+        );
+    }
+
+    #displaySection(name: string, data: ({ path: string[] } & TestResult)[], ignoreEmpty: boolean = false) {
+        if (!data.length) return;
+
+        // Transform [{ path: ["a", "b", "c"] }, { path: ["a", "b", "d"] }]
+        // into { "a ❯ b": ["c", "d"] }.
+        let pathMap = new Map<string, ({ name: string } & TestResult)[]>();
+        for (const t of data) {
+            if (t.path.length === 0) throw new RangeError("path is empty");
+            const key = t.path.slice(0, -1).join(SEP);
+            if (!pathMap.has(key)) pathMap.set(key, []);
+            pathMap.get(key)!.push({ name: t.path.at(-1)!, ...t });
+        }
+
+        this.stream.writeln("");
+        this.stream.writeln(name.toUpperCase());
+        this.stream.writeln("=".repeat(name.length));
+
+        for (let [path, tests] of pathMap) {
+            if (ignoreEmpty) tests = tests.filter((t) => t.logs.length);
+            if (tests.length === 0) continue;
+            if (tests.length === 1) {
+                this.#writeOutput(tests[0], path ? `${path}${SEP}` : "", false);
+            } else {
+                this.stream.writeln(path);
+                for (const t of tests) this.#writeOutput(t, "  - ", true);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    #writeOutput(test: { name: string } & TestResult, prefix: string, nested: boolean) {
+        let output = "";
+        if (test.logs.length) {
+            // Individual logs might span multiple lines, so join them together
+            // then split it again.
+            const logStr = test.logs.join("\n");
+            const lines = logStr.split("\n");
+            if (lines.length <= 1) {
+                output = `: ${logStr}`;
+            } else {
+                const padding = nested ? "      " : "  ";
+                output = ":\n" + lines.map((line) => padding + line).join("\n");
+            }
+        }
+        this.stream.writeln(`${prefix}${test.name}${output}`);
+    }
+}
+
+function assertGetElementById(id: string): HTMLElement {
+    let elem = document.getElementById(id);
+    if (elem == null) throw new ReferenceError(`element with ID '${id}' missing from DOM`);
+    return elem;
+}
+
+export class DOMReporter implements Reporter {
+    register(suites: TestGroup[]) {}
+
+    update(path: string[], result: TestResult) {
+        if (path.length === 0) throw new RangeError("path is empty");
+        if (result.state === "skip") {
+            assertGetElementById("skip-counter-text").hidden = false;
+        }
+        const counter = assertGetElementById(`${result.state}-counter`);
+        counter.innerText = (Number(counter.innerText) + 1).toString();
+
+        let parent = assertGetElementById("root");
+        for (const node of path) {
+            let child: HTMLDetailsElement | null = null;
+            let summary: HTMLElement | null = null;
+            let d: Element;
+            outer: for (d of parent.children) {
+                if (!(d instanceof HTMLDetailsElement)) continue;
+                for (const s of d.children) {
+                    if (!(s instanceof HTMLElement)) continue;
+                    if (!(s.tagName === "SUMMARY" && s.innerText === node)) continue;
+                    child = d;
+                    summary = s;
+                    break outer;
+                }
+            }
+            if (!child) {
+                child = document.createElement("details");
+                child.className = "test-node";
+                child.ariaRoleDescription = "test";
+                summary = document.createElement("summary");
+                summary.appendChild(document.createTextNode(node));
+                summary.ariaRoleDescription = "test name";
+                child.appendChild(summary);
+                parent.appendChild(child);
+            }
+            if (!summary) throw new Error("unreachable as assigned above");
+
+            switch (result.state) {
+            case "failure":
+                child.open = true;
+                child.classList.add("failure");
+                child.classList.remove("skip");
+                child.classList.remove("success");
+                // The summary marker does not appear in the AOM, so setting its
+                // alt text is fruitless; label the summary itself instead.
+                summary.setAttribute("aria-labelledby", "failure-description");
+                break;
+            case "skip":
+                if (child.classList.contains("failure")) break;
+                child.classList.add("skip");
+                child.classList.remove("success");
+                summary.setAttribute("aria-labelledby", "skip-description");
+                break;
+            case "success":
+                if (child.classList.contains("failure") || child.classList.contains("skip")) break;
+                child.classList.add("success");
+                summary.setAttribute("aria-labelledby", "success-description");
+                break;
+            }
+
+            parent = child;
+        }
+
+        const p = document.createElement("p");
+        p.classList.add("test-desc");
+        if (result.logs.length) {
+            const pre = document.createElement("pre");
+            pre.appendChild(document.createTextNode(result.logs.join("\n")));
+            p.appendChild(pre);
+        } else {
+            p.classList.add("italic");
+            p.appendChild(document.createTextNode("No output."));
+        }
+        parent.appendChild(p);
+    }
+
+    finalize() {}
+}
+
+interface GoNode {
+    name: string;
+    subtests?: GoNode[];
+}
+
+// Used to display results via `go test`, via some glue code from the Go side.
+export class GoTestReporter implements Reporter {
+    register(suites: TestGroup[]) {
+        console.log(JSON.stringify(suites.map(GoTestReporter.serialize)));
+    }
+
+    // Convert a test tree into the one expected by the Go code.
+    static serialize(node: TestTree): GoNode {
+        return {
+            name: node.name,
+            subtests: "children" in node ? node.children.map(GoTestReporter.serialize) : undefined,
+        };
+    }
+
+    update(path: string[], result: TestResult) {
+        let state: number;
+        switch (result.state) {
+            case "success": state = 0; break;
+            case "failure": state = 1; break;
+            case "skip": state = 2; break;
+        }
+        console.log(JSON.stringify({ path, state, logs: result.logs }));
+    }
+
+    finalize() {
+        console.log("null");
+    }
+}

cmd/pkgserver/ui_test/lib/ui.css

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+/*
+ * When updating the theme colors, also update them in success-closed.svg and
+ * success-open.svg!
+ */
+
+:root {
+  --bg: #d3d3d3;
+  --fg: black;
+}
+
+@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
+  :root {
+    --bg: #2c2c2c;
+    --fg: ghostwhite;
+  }
+}
+
+html {
+  background-color: var(--bg);
+  color: var(--fg);
+}
+
+h1, p, summary, noscript {
+  font-family: sans-serif;
+}
+
+noscript {
+  font-size: 16pt;
+}
+
+.root {
+  margin: 1rem 0;
+}
+
+details.test-node {
+  margin-left: 1rem;
+  padding: 0.2rem 0.5rem;
+  border-left: 2px dashed var(--fg);
+  > summary {
+    cursor: pointer;
+  }
+  &.success > summary::marker {
+    /*
+     * WebKit only supports color and font-size properties in ::marker [1], and
+     * its ::-webkit-details-marker only supports hiding the marker entirely
+     * [2], contrary to mdn's example [3]; thus, set a color as a fallback:
+     * while it may not be accessible for colorblind individuals, it's better
+     * than no indication of a test's state for anyone, as that there's no other
+     * way to include an indication in the marker on WebKit.
+     *
+     * [1]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/Reference/Selectors/::marker#browser_compatibility
+     * [2]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements/summary#default_style
+     * [3]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements/summary#changing_the_summarys_icon
+     */
+    color: var(--fg);
+    content: url("/test/success-closed.svg") / "success";
+  }
+  &.success[open] > summary::marker {
+    content: url("/test/success-open.svg") / "success";
+  }
+  &.failure > summary::marker {
+    color: red;
+    content: url("/test/failure-closed.svg") / "failure";
+  }
+  &.failure[open] > summary::marker {
+    content: url("/test/failure-open.svg") / "failure";
+  }
+  &.skip > summary::marker {
+    color: blue;
+    content: url("/test/skip-closed.svg") / "skip";
+  }
+  &.skip[open] > summary::marker {
+    content: url("/test/skip-open.svg") / "skip";
+  }
+}
+
+p.test-desc {
+  margin: 0 0 0 1rem;
+  padding: 2px 0;
+  > pre {
+    margin: 0;
+  }
+}
+
+.italic {
+  font-style: italic;
+}

cmd/pkgserver/ui_test/lib/ui.html

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8">
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
+    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/test/style.css">
+    <title>PkgServer Tests</title>
+</head>
+<body>
+<noscript>
+    I hate JavaScript as much as you, but this page runs tests written in
+    JavaScript to test the functionality of code written in JavaScript, so it
+    wouldn't make sense for it to work without JavaScript. <strong>Please turn
+    JavaScript on!</strong>
+</noscript>
+
+<h1>PkgServer Tests</h1>
+
+<main>
+<p id="counters">
+    <span id="success-counter">0</span> succeeded, <span id="failure-counter">0</span>
+    failed<span id="skip-counter-text" hidden>, <span id="skip-counter">0</span> skipped</span>.
+</p>
+
+<p hidden id="success-description">Successful test</p>
+<p hidden id="failure-description">Failed test</p>
+<p hidden id="skip-description">Partially or fully skipped test</p>
+
+<div id="root">
+</div>
+
+<script type="module">
+    import "/test/all_tests.js";
+    import { DOMReporter, GLOBAL_REGISTRAR } from "/test/lib/test.js";
+    GLOBAL_REGISTRAR.run(new DOMReporter());
+</script>
+</main>
+</body>
+</html>

cmd/pkgserver/ui_test/tsconfig.json

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+{
+  "compilerOptions": {
+    "target": "ES2024",
+    "strict": true,
+    "alwaysStrict": true,
+    "outDir": "static"
+  }
+}

cmd/sharefs/test/configuration.nix

@@ -20,14 +20,11 @@
   };
 
   virtualisation = {
-    # Hopefully reduces spurious test failures:
-    memorySize = if pkgs.stdenv.hostPlatform.is32bit then 2046 else 8192;
-
     diskSize = 6 * 1024;
 
     qemu.options = [
       # Increase test performance:
-      "-smp 16"
+      "-smp 8"
     ];
   };
 

cmd/sharefs/test/default.nix

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ testers.nixosTest {
         # For go tests:
         (pkgs.writeShellScriptBin "sharefs-workload-hakurei-tests" ''
           cp -r "${self.packages.${system}.hakurei.src}" "/sdcard/hakurei" && cd "/sdcard/hakurei"
-          ${fhs}/bin/hakurei-fhs -c 'ROSA_SKIP_BINFMT=1 CC="clang -O3 -Werror" go test ./...'
+          ${fhs}/bin/hakurei-fhs -c 'CC="clang -O3 -Werror" go test ./...'
         '')
       ];
 

container/binfmt.go

@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-package container
-
-import (
-	"strings"
-	"unsafe"
-
-	"hakurei.app/check"
-)
-
-// escapeBinfmt escapes magic/mask sequences in a [BinfmtEntry].
-func escapeBinfmt(buf *strings.Builder, s string) string {
-	const lowerhex = "0123456789abcdef"
-
-	buf.Reset()
-	for _, c := range unsafe.Slice(unsafe.StringData(s), len(s)) {
-		switch c {
-		case 0, '\\', ':':
-			buf.WriteString(`\x`)
-			buf.WriteByte(lowerhex[c>>4])
-			buf.WriteByte(lowerhex[c&0xf])
-
-		default:
-			buf.WriteByte(c)
-		}
-	}
-	return buf.String()
-}
-
-// BinfmtEntry is an entry to be registered by the init process.
-type BinfmtEntry struct {
-	// The offset of the magic/mask in the file, counted in bytes.
-	Offset byte
-	// The byte sequence binfmt_misc is matching for.
-	Magic string
-	// An (optional, defaults to all 0xff) mask.
-	Mask string
-	// The program that should be invoked with the binary as first argument.
-	Interpreter *check.Absolute
-}
-
-// Valid returns whether e can be registered into the kernel.
-func (e *BinfmtEntry) Valid() bool {
-	return e != nil &&
-		int(e.Offset)+max(len(e.Magic), len(e.Mask)) < 128 &&
-		e.Interpreter != nil && len(e.Interpreter.String()) < 128
-}

container/binfmt_test.go

@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-package container
-
-import (
-	"strings"
-	"testing"
-
-	"hakurei.app/fhs"
-)
-
-func TestEscapeBinfmt(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	testCases := []struct {
-		name  string
-		magic string
-		want  string
-	}{
-		{"packed DOS applications", "\x0eDEX", "\x0eDEX"},
-
-		{"riscv64 magic",
-			"\x7fELF\x02\x01\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x02\x00\xf3\x00",
-			"\x7fELF\x02\x01\x01\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\\x00\x02\\x00\xf3\\x00"},
-		{"riscv64 mask",
-			"\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\x00\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xfe\xff\xff\xff",
-			"\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\\x00\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xfe\xff\xff\xff"},
-	}
-	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			t.Parallel()
-
-			got := escapeBinfmt(new(strings.Builder), tc.magic)
-			if got != tc.want {
-				t.Errorf("escapeBinfmt: %q, want %q", got, tc.want)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestBinfmtEntry(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	testCases := []struct {
-		name  string
-		e     BinfmtEntry
-		valid bool
-	}{
-		{"zero", BinfmtEntry{}, false},
-		{"large offset", BinfmtEntry{Offset: 128}, false},
-		{"long magic", BinfmtEntry{Magic: strings.Repeat("\x00", 128)}, false},
-		{"long mask", BinfmtEntry{Mask: strings.Repeat("\x00", 128)}, false},
-		{"valid", BinfmtEntry{Interpreter: fhs.AbsRoot}, true},
-	}
-	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			t.Parallel()
-
-			if tc.e.Valid() != tc.valid {
-				t.Errorf("Valid: %v", !tc.valid)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}

container/capability.go

@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ const (
 	CAP_SETPCAP      = 0x8
 	CAP_NET_ADMIN    = 0xc
 	CAP_DAC_OVERRIDE = 0x1
-	CAP_SETFCAP      = 0x1f
 )
 
 type (

container/container.go

@@ -67,9 +67,6 @@ type (
 		// Copied to the underlying [exec.Cmd].
 		WaitDelay time.Duration
 
-		// Suppress verbose output of init.
-		Quiet bool
-
 		cmd *exec.Cmd
 		ctx context.Context
 		msg message.Msg
@@ -91,20 +88,12 @@ type (
 		// Time to wait for processes lingering after the initial process terminates.
 		AdoptWaitDelay time.Duration
 
-		// Map uid/gid 0 in the init process. Requires [FstypeProc] attached to
-		// [fhs.Proc] in the container filesystem.
-		InitAsRoot bool
 		// Mapped Uid in user namespace.
 		Uid int
 		// Mapped Gid in user namespace.
 		Gid int
 		// Hostname value in UTS namespace.
 		Hostname string
-		// Register binfmt_misc entries.
-		Binfmt []BinfmtEntry
-		// Alternative pathname to attach binfmt_misc filesystem. The zero value
-		// requires [FstypeProc] to be made available at [fhs.Proc].
-		BinfmtPath *check.Absolute
 		// Sequential container setup ops.
 		*Ops
 
@@ -224,9 +213,6 @@ func (p *Container) Start() error {
 	if p.cmd.Process != nil {
 		return errors.New("container: already started")
 	}
-	if !p.InitAsRoot && len(p.Binfmt) > 0 {
-		return errors.New("container: init as root required, but not enabled")
-	}
 
 	if err := ensureCloseOnExec(); err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -297,18 +283,6 @@ func (p *Container) Start() error {
 	if !p.HostNet {
 		p.cmd.SysProcAttr.Cloneflags |= CLONE_NEWNET
 	}
-	if p.InitAsRoot {
-		p.cmd.SysProcAttr.AmbientCaps = append(p.cmd.SysProcAttr.AmbientCaps,
-			// mappings during init as root
-			CAP_SETFCAP,
-		)
-
-		if !p.SeccompDisable &&
-			len(p.SeccompRules) == 0 &&
-			p.SeccompPresets&std.PresetDenyNS != 0 {
-			return errors.New("container: as root requires late namespace creation")
-		}
-	}
 
 	// place setup pipe before user supplied extra files, this is later restored by init
 	if r, w, err := os.Pipe(); err != nil {
@@ -368,6 +342,8 @@ func (p *Container) Start() error {
 						Err:    ENOSYS,
 						Origin: true,
 					}
+				} else {
+					p.msg.Verbosef("landlock abi version %d", abi)
 				}
 
 				if rulesetFd, err := rulesetAttr.Create(0); err != nil {
@@ -377,6 +353,7 @@ func (p *Container) Start() error {
 						Err:   err,
 					}
 				} else {
+					p.msg.Verbosef("enforcing landlock ruleset %s", rulesetAttr)
 					if err = landlock.RestrictSelf(rulesetFd, 0); err != nil {
 						_ = Close(rulesetFd)
 						return &StartError{
@@ -433,6 +410,7 @@ func (p *Container) Start() error {
 				}
 			}
 
+			p.msg.Verbose("starting container init")
 			if err := p.cmd.Start(); err != nil {
 				return &StartError{
 					Step:        "start container init",
@@ -503,6 +481,7 @@ func (p *Container) Serve() (err error) {
 			}
 
 		case <-done:
+			p.msg.Verbose("setup payload took", time.Since(t))
 			return
 		}
 	}(p.setup[1])
@@ -512,7 +491,7 @@ func (p *Container) Serve() (err error) {
 		Getuid(),
 		Getgid(),
 		len(p.ExtraFiles),
-		p.msg.IsVerbose() && !p.Quiet,
+		p.msg.IsVerbose(),
 	})
 }
 

container/container_test.go

@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"syscall"
 	"testing"
-	"time"
-	"unsafe"
 
 	"hakurei.app/check"
 	"hakurei.app/command"
@@ -235,9 +233,6 @@ func earlyMnt(mnt ...*vfs.MountInfoEntry) func(*testing.T, context.Context) []*v
 	return func(*testing.T, context.Context) []*vfs.MountInfoEntry { return mnt }
 }
 
-//go:linkname toHost hakurei.app/container.toHost
-func toHost(name string) string
-
 var containerTestCases = []struct {
 	name    string
 	filter  bool
@@ -337,15 +332,13 @@ var containerTestCases = []struct {
 		func(t *testing.T, ctx context.Context) []*vfs.MountInfoEntry {
 			return []*vfs.MountInfoEntry{
 				ent("/", hst.PrivateTmp, "rw", "overlay", "overlay",
-					"rw"+
-						",lowerdir+="+
-						toHost(ctx.Value(testVal("lower0")).(*check.Absolute).String())+
-						",lowerdir+="+
-						toHost(ctx.Value(testVal("lower1")).(*check.Absolute).String())+
+					"rw,lowerdir="+
+						container.InternalToHostOvlEscape(ctx.Value(testVal("lower0")).(*check.Absolute).String())+":"+
+						container.InternalToHostOvlEscape(ctx.Value(testVal("lower1")).(*check.Absolute).String())+
 						",upperdir="+
-						toHost(ctx.Value(testVal("upper")).(*check.Absolute).String())+
+						container.InternalToHostOvlEscape(ctx.Value(testVal("upper")).(*check.Absolute).String())+
 						",workdir="+
-						toHost(ctx.Value(testVal("work")).(*check.Absolute).String())+
+						container.InternalToHostOvlEscape(ctx.Value(testVal("work")).(*check.Absolute).String())+
 						",redirect_dir=nofollow,uuid=on,userxattr"),
 			}
 		},
@@ -395,11 +388,9 @@ var containerTestCases = []struct {
 		func(t *testing.T, ctx context.Context) []*vfs.MountInfoEntry {
 			return []*vfs.MountInfoEntry{
 				ent("/", hst.PrivateTmp, "rw", "overlay", "overlay",
-					"ro"+
-						",lowerdir+="+
-						toHost(ctx.Value(testVal("lower0")).(*check.Absolute).String())+
-						",lowerdir+="+
-						toHost(ctx.Value(testVal("lower1")).(*check.Absolute).String())+
+					"ro,lowerdir="+
+						container.InternalToHostOvlEscape(ctx.Value(testVal("lower0")).(*check.Absolute).String())+":"+
+						container.InternalToHostOvlEscape(ctx.Value(testVal("lower1")).(*check.Absolute).String())+
 						",redirect_dir=nofollow,userxattr"),
 			}
 		},
@@ -409,11 +400,39 @@ var containerTestCases = []struct {
 func TestContainer(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	var suffix string
-runTests:
+	t.Run("cancel", testContainerCancel(nil, func(t *testing.T, c *container.Container) {
+		wantErr := context.Canceled
+		wantExitCode := 0
+		if err := c.Wait(); !reflect.DeepEqual(err, wantErr) {
+			if m, ok := container.InternalMessageFromError(err); ok {
+				t.Error(m)
+			}
+			t.Errorf("Wait: error = %#v, want %#v", err, wantErr)
+		}
+		if ps := c.ProcessState(); ps == nil {
+			t.Errorf("ProcessState unexpectedly returned nil")
+		} else if code := ps.ExitCode(); code != wantExitCode {
+			t.Errorf("ExitCode: %d, want %d", code, wantExitCode)
+		}
+	}))
+
+	t.Run("forward", testContainerCancel(func(c *container.Container) {
+		c.ForwardCancel = true
+	}, func(t *testing.T, c *container.Container) {
+		var exitError *exec.ExitError
+		if err := c.Wait(); !errors.As(err, &exitError) {
+			if m, ok := container.InternalMessageFromError(err); ok {
+				t.Error(m)
+			}
+			t.Errorf("Wait: error = %v", err)
+		}
+		if code := exitError.ExitCode(); code != blockExitCodeInterrupt {
+			t.Errorf("ExitCode: %d, want %d", code, blockExitCodeInterrupt)
+		}
+	}))
+
 	for i, tc := range containerTestCases {
-		_suffix := suffix
-		t.Run(tc.name+_suffix, func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
 			wantOps, wantOpsCtx := tc.ops(t)
@@ -437,8 +456,6 @@ runTests:
 			c.SeccompDisable = !tc.filter
 			c.RetainSession = tc.session
 			c.HostNet = tc.net
-			c.InitAsRoot = _suffix != ""
-			c.Env = append(c.Env, "HAKUREI_TEST_SUFFIX="+_suffix)
 			if info.CanDegrade {
 				if _, err := landlock.GetABI(); err != nil {
 					if !errors.Is(err, syscall.ENOSYS) {
@@ -448,9 +465,6 @@ runTests:
 					t.Log("Landlock LSM is unavailable, enabling HostAbstract")
 				}
 			}
-			if c.InitAsRoot {
-				c.SeccompPresets &= ^std.PresetDenyNS
-			}
 
 			c.
 				Readonly(check.MustAbs(pathReadonly), 0755).
@@ -519,11 +533,6 @@ runTests:
 			}
 		})
 	}
-
-	if suffix == "" {
-		suffix = " as root"
-		goto runTests
-	}
 }
 
 func ent(root, target, vfsOptstr, fsType, source, fsOptstr string) *vfs.MountInfoEntry {
@@ -546,118 +555,49 @@ func hostnameFromTestCase(name string) string {
 }
 
 func testContainerCancel(
-	t *testing.T,
 	containerExtra func(c *container.Container),
-	waitCheck func(ps *os.ProcessState, waitErr error),
-) {
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(t.Context())
-
-	c := helperNewContainer(ctx, "block")
-	c.Stdout, c.Stderr = os.Stdout, os.Stderr
-	if containerExtra != nil {
-		containerExtra(c)
-	}
-
-	ready := make(chan struct{})
-	var waitErr error
-	r, w, err := os.Pipe()
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("cannot pipe: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	c.ExtraFiles = append(c.ExtraFiles, w)
-	go func() {
-		defer close(ready)
-		if _, _err := r.Read(make([]byte, 1)); _err != nil {
-			panic(_err)
-		}
-	}()
-
-	if err = c.Start(); err != nil {
-		if m, ok := container.InternalMessageFromError(err); ok {
-			t.Fatal(m)
-		} else {
-			t.Fatalf("cannot start container: %v", err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	done := make(chan struct{})
-	go func() {
-		defer close(done)
-		waitErr = c.Wait()
-		_ = r.SetReadDeadline(time.Now())
-	}()
-
-	if err = c.Serve(); err != nil {
-		if m, ok := container.InternalMessageFromError(err); ok {
-			t.Error(m)
-		} else {
-			t.Errorf("cannot serve setup params: %v", err)
-		}
-	}
-	<-ready
-	cancel()
-	<-done
-	waitCheck(c.ProcessState(), waitErr)
-}
-
-func TestForward(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	f := func(ps *os.ProcessState, waitErr error) {
-		var exitError *exec.ExitError
-		if !errors.As(waitErr, &exitError) {
-			if m, ok := container.InternalMessageFromError(waitErr); ok {
-				t.Error(m)
-			}
-			t.Errorf("Wait: error = %v", waitErr)
-		}
-		if code := exitError.ExitCode(); code != blockExitCodeInterrupt {
-			t.Errorf("ExitCode: %d, want %d", code, blockExitCodeInterrupt)
-		}
-	}
-	t.Run("direct", func(t *testing.T) {
+	waitCheck func(t *testing.T, c *container.Container),
+) func(t *testing.T) {
+	return func(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Parallel()
-		testContainerCancel(t, func(c *container.Container) {
-			c.ForwardCancel = true
-		}, f)
-	})
-	t.Run("as root", func(t *testing.T) {
-		testContainerCancel(t, func(c *container.Container) {
-			c.ForwardCancel = true
-			c.InitAsRoot = true
-			c.Proc(fhs.AbsProc)
-		}, f)
-	})
-}
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(t.Context())
 
-func TestCancel(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
+		c := helperNewContainer(ctx, "block")
+		c.Stdout, c.Stderr = os.Stdout, os.Stderr
+		if containerExtra != nil {
+			containerExtra(c)
+		}
 
-	f := func(ps *os.ProcessState, waitErr error) {
-		wantErr := context.Canceled
-		if !reflect.DeepEqual(waitErr, wantErr) {
-			if m, ok := container.InternalMessageFromError(waitErr); ok {
+		ready := make(chan struct{})
+		if r, w, err := os.Pipe(); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("cannot pipe: %v", err)
+		} else {
+			c.ExtraFiles = append(c.ExtraFiles, w)
+			go func() {
+				defer close(ready)
+				if _, err = r.Read(make([]byte, 1)); err != nil {
+					panic(err.Error())
+				}
+			}()
+		}
+
+		if err := c.Start(); err != nil {
+			if m, ok := container.InternalMessageFromError(err); ok {
+				t.Fatal(m)
+			} else {
+				t.Fatalf("cannot start container: %v", err)
+			}
+		} else if err = c.Serve(); err != nil {
+			if m, ok := container.InternalMessageFromError(err); ok {
 				t.Error(m)
+			} else {
+				t.Errorf("cannot serve setup params: %v", err)
 			}
-			t.Errorf("Wait: error = %#v, want %#v", waitErr, wantErr)
-		}
-		if ps == nil {
-			t.Errorf("ProcessState unexpectedly returned nil")
-		} else if code := ps.ExitCode(); code != 0 {
-			t.Errorf("ExitCode: %d, want %d", code, 0)
 		}
+		<-ready
+		cancel()
+		waitCheck(t, c)
 	}
-	t.Run("direct", func(t *testing.T) {
-		t.Parallel()
-		testContainerCancel(t, nil, f)
-	})
-	t.Run("as root", func(t *testing.T) {
-		testContainerCancel(t, func(c *container.Container) {
-			c.InitAsRoot = true
-			c.Proc(fhs.AbsProc)
-		}, f)
-	})
 }
 
 func TestContainerString(t *testing.T) {
@@ -693,8 +633,6 @@ func init() {
 		})
 
 		c.Command("container", command.UsageInternal, func(args []string) error {
-			asRoot := os.Getenv("HAKUREI_TEST_SUFFIX") == " as root"
-
 			if len(args) != 1 {
 				return syscall.EINVAL
 			}
@@ -712,66 +650,6 @@ func init() {
 				return fmt.Errorf("gid: %d, want %d", gid, tc.gid)
 			}
 
-			// no attack surface increase during as root due to no_new_privs
-			var wantBounding uintptr = 1
-			asRootNot := " not"
-			if !asRoot {
-				wantBounding = 0
-				asRootNot = ""
-			}
-
-			const (
-				PR_CAP_AMBIENT        = 0x2f
-				PR_CAP_AMBIENT_IS_SET = 0x1
-			)
-			for i := range container.LastCap(nil) + 1 {
-				r, _, errno := syscall.Syscall(
-					syscall.SYS_PRCTL,
-					PR_CAP_AMBIENT,
-					PR_CAP_AMBIENT_IS_SET,
-					i,
-				)
-				if errno != 0 {
-					return os.NewSyscallError("prctl", errno)
-				}
-				if r != 0 {
-					return fmt.Errorf("capability %d in ambient set", i)
-				}
-
-				r, _, errno = syscall.Syscall(
-					syscall.SYS_PRCTL,
-					syscall.PR_CAPBSET_READ,
-					i,
-					0,
-				)
-				if errno != 0 {
-					return os.NewSyscallError("prctl", errno)
-				}
-				if r != wantBounding {
-					return fmt.Errorf("capability %d%s in bounding set", i, asRootNot)
-				}
-			}
-
-			const _LINUX_CAPABILITY_VERSION_3 = 0x20080522
-			var capData struct {
-				effective   uint32
-				permitted   uint32
-				inheritable uint32
-			}
-			if _, _, errno := syscall.Syscall(syscall.SYS_CAPGET, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&struct {
-				version uint32
-				pid     int32
-			}{_LINUX_CAPABILITY_VERSION_3, 0})), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&capData)), 0); errno != 0 {
-				return os.NewSyscallError("capget", errno)
-			}
-
-			if max(capData.effective, capData.permitted, capData.inheritable) != 0 {
-				return fmt.Errorf(
-					"effective = %d, permitted = %d, inheritable = %d",
-					capData.effective, capData.permitted, capData.inheritable,
-				)
-			}
-
 			wantHost := hostnameFromTestCase(tc.name)
 			if host, err := os.Hostname(); err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("cannot get hostname: %v", err)
@@ -889,7 +767,7 @@ func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
 		}
 		c.MustParse(os.Args[1:], func(err error) {
 			if err != nil {
-				log.Fatal(err)
+				log.Fatal(err.Error())
 			}
 		})
 		return

container/dispatcher.go

@@ -65,8 +65,6 @@ type syscallDispatcher interface {
 	remount(msg message.Msg, target string, flags uintptr) error
 	// mountTmpfs provides mountTmpfs.
 	mountTmpfs(fsname, target string, flags uintptr, size int, perm os.FileMode) error
-	// mountOverlay provides mountOverlay.
-	mountOverlay(target string, options [][2]string) error
 	// ensureFile provides ensureFile.
 	ensureFile(name string, perm, pperm os.FileMode) error
 	// mustLoopback provides mustLoopback.
@@ -171,9 +169,6 @@ func (direct) remount(msg message.Msg, target string, flags uintptr) error {
 func (k direct) mountTmpfs(fsname, target string, flags uintptr, size int, perm os.FileMode) error {
 	return mountTmpfs(k, fsname, target, flags, size, perm)
 }
-func (k direct) mountOverlay(target string, options [][2]string) error {
-	return mountOverlay(target, options)
-}
 func (direct) ensureFile(name string, perm, pperm os.FileMode) error {
 	return ensureFile(name, perm, pperm)
 }

container/dispatcher_test.go

@@ -468,14 +468,6 @@ func (k *kstub) mountTmpfs(fsname, target string, flags uintptr, size int, perm
 		stub.CheckArg(k.Stub, "perm", perm, 4))
 }
 
-func (k *kstub) mountOverlay(target string, options [][2]string) error {
-	k.Helper()
-	return k.Expects("mountOverlay").Error(
-		stub.CheckArg(k.Stub, "target", target, 0),
-		stub.CheckArgReflect(k.Stub, "options", options, 1),
-	)
-}
-
 func (k *kstub) ensureFile(name string, perm, pperm os.FileMode) error {
 	k.Helper()
 	return k.Expects("ensureFile").Error(

container/errors.go

@@ -118,10 +118,6 @@ func errnoFallback(op, path string, err error) (syscall.Errno, *os.PathError) {
 
 // mount wraps syscall.Mount for error handling.
 func mount(source, target, fstype string, flags uintptr, data string) error {
-	if max(len(source), len(target), len(data))+1 > os.Getpagesize() {
-		return &MountError{source, target, fstype, flags, data, syscall.ENOMEM}
-	}
-
 	err := syscall.Mount(source, target, fstype, flags, data)
 	if err == nil {
 		return nil

container/init.go

@@ -11,13 +11,11 @@ import (
 	"path/filepath"
 	"slices"
 	"strconv"
-	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	. "syscall"
 	"time"
 
-	"hakurei.app/check"
 	"hakurei.app/container/seccomp"
 	"hakurei.app/ext"
 	"hakurei.app/fhs"
@@ -184,33 +182,23 @@ func initEntrypoint(k syscallDispatcher, msg message.Msg) {
 		cancel()
 	}
 
-	uid, gid := param.Uid, param.Gid
-	if param.InitAsRoot {
-		uid, gid = 0, 0
-	}
-
 	// write uid/gid map here so parent does not need to set dumpable
 	if err := k.setDumpable(ext.SUID_DUMP_USER); err != nil {
 		k.fatalf(msg, "cannot set SUID_DUMP_USER: %v", err)
 	}
-	if err := k.writeFile(
-		fhs.Proc+"self/uid_map",
-		[]byte(strconv.Itoa(uid)+" "+strconv.Itoa(param.HostUid)+" 1\n"),
-		0,
-	); err != nil {
+	if err := k.writeFile(fhs.Proc+"self/uid_map",
+		append([]byte{}, strconv.Itoa(param.Uid)+" "+strconv.Itoa(param.HostUid)+" 1\n"...),
+		0); err != nil {
 		k.fatalf(msg, "%v", err)
 	}
-	if err := k.writeFile(
-		fhs.Proc+"self/setgroups",
+	if err := k.writeFile(fhs.Proc+"self/setgroups",
 		[]byte("deny\n"),
-		0,
-	); err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		0); err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
 		k.fatalf(msg, "%v", err)
 	}
 	if err := k.writeFile(fhs.Proc+"self/gid_map",
-		[]byte(strconv.Itoa(gid)+" "+strconv.Itoa(param.HostGid)+" 1\n"),
-		0,
-	); err != nil {
+		append([]byte{}, strconv.Itoa(param.Gid)+" "+strconv.Itoa(param.HostGid)+" 1\n"...),
+		0); err != nil {
 		k.fatalf(msg, "%v", err)
 	}
 	if err := k.setDumpable(ext.SUID_DUMP_DISABLE); err != nil {
@@ -235,23 +223,6 @@ func initEntrypoint(k syscallDispatcher, msg message.Msg) {
 	state := &setupState{process: make(map[int]WaitStatus), Params: &param.Params, Msg: msg, Context: ctx}
 	defer cancel()
 
-	if err := k.mount(SourceTmpfsRootfs, intermediateHostPath, FstypeTmpfs, MS_NODEV|MS_NOSUID, zeroString); err != nil {
-		k.fatalf(msg, "cannot mount intermediate root: %v", optionalErrorUnwrap(err))
-	}
-	if err := k.chdir(intermediateHostPath); err != nil {
-		k.fatalf(msg, "cannot enter intermediate host path: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	if len(param.Binfmt) > 0 {
-		for i, e := range param.Binfmt {
-			if pathname, err := k.evalSymlinks(e.Interpreter.String()); err != nil {
-				k.fatal(msg, err)
-			} else if param.Binfmt[i].Interpreter, err = check.NewAbs(pathname); err != nil {
-				k.fatal(msg, err)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
 	/* early is called right before pivot_root into intermediate root;
 	this step is mostly for gathering information that would otherwise be
 	difficult to obtain via library functions after pivot_root, and
@@ -271,6 +242,13 @@ func initEntrypoint(k syscallDispatcher, msg message.Msg) {
 		}
 	}
 
+	if err := k.mount(SourceTmpfsRootfs, intermediateHostPath, FstypeTmpfs, MS_NODEV|MS_NOSUID, zeroString); err != nil {
+		k.fatalf(msg, "cannot mount intermediate root: %v", optionalErrorUnwrap(err))
+	}
+	if err := k.chdir(intermediateHostPath); err != nil {
+		k.fatalf(msg, "cannot enter intermediate host path: %v", err)
+	}
+
 	if err := k.mkdir(sysrootDir, 0755); err != nil {
 		k.fatalf(msg, "%v", err)
 	}
@@ -307,48 +285,6 @@ func initEntrypoint(k syscallDispatcher, msg message.Msg) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	if len(param.Binfmt) > 0 {
-		const interpreter = "/interpreter"
-
-		if param.BinfmtPath == nil {
-			param.BinfmtPath = fhs.AbsProcSys.Append("fs/binfmt_misc")
-		}
-		binfmt := sysrootPath + param.BinfmtPath.String()
-		if err := k.mkdirAll(binfmt, 0); err != nil {
-			k.fatal(msg, err)
-		}
-		if err := k.mount(
-			SourceBinfmtMisc,
-			binfmt,
-			FstypeBinfmtMisc,
-			MS_NOSUID|MS_NOEXEC|MS_NODEV,
-			zeroString,
-		); err != nil {
-			k.fatal(msg, err)
-		}
-
-		var buf strings.Builder
-		buf.Grow(1920)
-
-		register := binfmt + "/register"
-		for i, e := range param.Binfmt {
-			if err := k.symlink(hostPath+e.Interpreter.String(), interpreter); err != nil {
-				k.fatal(msg, err)
-			} else if err = k.writeFile(register, []byte(":"+
-				strconv.Itoa(i)+":"+
-				"M:"+
-				strconv.Itoa(int(e.Offset))+":"+
-				escapeBinfmt(&buf, e.Magic)+":"+
-				escapeBinfmt(&buf, e.Mask)+":"+
-				interpreter+":"+
-				"F"), 0); err != nil {
-				k.fatal(msg, err)
-			} else if err = k.remove(interpreter); err != nil {
-				k.fatal(msg, err)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
 	// setup requiring host root complete at this point
 	if err := k.mount(hostDir, hostDir, zeroString, MS_SILENT|MS_REC|MS_PRIVATE, zeroString); err != nil {
 		k.fatalf(msg, "cannot make host root rprivate: %v", optionalErrorUnwrap(err))
@@ -387,19 +323,11 @@ func initEntrypoint(k syscallDispatcher, msg message.Msg) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	var keepCaps []uintptr
-	if param.Privileged {
-		keepCaps = append(keepCaps, CAP_SYS_ADMIN, CAP_SETPCAP)
-	}
-	if param.InitAsRoot {
-		keepCaps = append(keepCaps, CAP_SETFCAP)
-	}
-
 	if err := k.capAmbientClearAll(); err != nil {
 		k.fatalf(msg, "cannot clear the ambient capability set: %v", err)
 	}
-	for i := range lastcap + 1 {
-		if slices.Contains(keepCaps, i) {
+	for i := uintptr(0); i <= lastcap; i++ {
+		if param.Privileged && i == CAP_SYS_ADMIN {
 			continue
 		}
 		if err := k.capBoundingSetDrop(i); err != nil {
@@ -408,23 +336,20 @@ func initEntrypoint(k syscallDispatcher, msg message.Msg) {
 	}
 
 	var keep [2]uint32
-	for _, c := range keepCaps {
-		keep[capToIndex(c)] |= capToMask(c)
-	}
+	if param.Privileged {
+		keep[capToIndex(CAP_SYS_ADMIN)] |= capToMask(CAP_SYS_ADMIN)
 
+		if err := k.capAmbientRaise(CAP_SYS_ADMIN); err != nil {
+			k.fatalf(msg, "cannot raise CAP_SYS_ADMIN: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
 	if err := k.capset(
 		&capHeader{_LINUX_CAPABILITY_VERSION_3, 0},
-		&[2]capData{{keep[0], keep[0], keep[0]}, {keep[1], keep[1], keep[1]}},
+		&[2]capData{{0, keep[0], keep[0]}, {0, keep[1], keep[1]}},
 	); err != nil {
 		k.fatalf(msg, "cannot capset: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	for _, c := range keepCaps {
-		if err := k.capAmbientRaise(c); err != nil {
-			k.fatalf(msg, "cannot raise %#x: %v", c, err)
-		}
-	}
-
 	if !param.SeccompDisable {
 		rules := param.SeccompRules
 		if len(rules) == 0 { // non-empty rules slice always overrides presets
@@ -549,14 +474,6 @@ func initEntrypoint(k syscallDispatcher, msg message.Msg) {
 	cmd.ExtraFiles = extraFiles
 	cmd.Dir = param.Dir.String()
 
-	if param.InitAsRoot {
-		cmd.SysProcAttr = &SysProcAttr{
-			Cloneflags:  CLONE_NEWUSER,
-			UidMappings: []SysProcIDMap{{ContainerID: param.Uid, HostID: 0, Size: 1}},
-			GidMappings: []SysProcIDMap{{ContainerID: param.Gid, HostID: 0, Size: 1}},
-		}
-	}
-
 	msg.Verbosef("starting initial process %s", param.Path)
 	if err := k.start(cmd); err != nil {
 		k.fatalf(msg, "%v", err)

container/init_test.go

@@ -332,8 +332,6 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("fatalf", stub.ExpectArgs{"invalid op at index %d", []any{0}}, nil, nil),
 				/* end early */
@@ -372,8 +370,6 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("fatalf", stub.ExpectArgs{"invalid op at index %d", []any{0}}, nil, nil),
 				/* end early */
@@ -412,8 +408,6 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", stub.UniqueError(61)),
 				call("fatalf", stub.ExpectArgs{"cannot prepare op at index %d: %v", []any{0, stub.UniqueError(61)}}, nil, nil),
@@ -453,8 +447,6 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", &os.PathError{Op: "readlink", Path: "/", Err: stub.UniqueError(60)}),
 				call("fatal", stub.ExpectArgs{[]any{"cannot readlink /: unique error 60 injected by the test suite"}}, nil, nil),
@@ -494,6 +486,9 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
+				/* begin early */
+				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
+				/* end early */
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, stub.UniqueError(58)),
 				call("fatalf", stub.ExpectArgs{"cannot mount intermediate root: %v", []any{stub.UniqueError(58)}}, nil, nil),
 			},
@@ -531,6 +526,9 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
+				/* begin early */
+				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
+				/* end early */
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, stub.UniqueError(56)),
 				call("fatalf", stub.ExpectArgs{"cannot enter intermediate host path: %v", []any{stub.UniqueError(56)}}, nil, nil),
@@ -569,11 +567,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, stub.UniqueError(54)),
 				call("fatalf", stub.ExpectArgs{"%v", []any{stub.UniqueError(54)}}, nil, nil),
 			},
@@ -611,11 +609,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, stub.UniqueError(52)),
 				call("fatalf", stub.ExpectArgs{"cannot bind sysroot: %v", []any{stub.UniqueError(52)}}, nil, nil),
@@ -654,11 +652,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, stub.UniqueError(50)),
@@ -698,11 +696,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -743,11 +741,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -789,11 +787,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -844,11 +842,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -899,11 +897,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -955,11 +953,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -1012,11 +1010,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -1071,11 +1069,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -1131,11 +1129,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -1192,11 +1190,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -1254,11 +1252,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -1317,11 +1315,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -1381,11 +1379,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -1446,11 +1444,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -1512,11 +1510,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -1586,11 +1584,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -1624,6 +1622,7 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x5)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x6)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x7)}, nil, nil),
+				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x8)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x9)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0xa)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0xb)}, nil, nil),
@@ -1655,9 +1654,8 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x26)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x27)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x28)}, nil, nil),
-				call("capset", stub.ExpectArgs{&capHeader{_LINUX_CAPABILITY_VERSION_3, 0}, &[2]capData{{0x200100, 0x200100, 0x200100}, {0, 0, 0}}}, nil, nil),
 				call("capAmbientRaise", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x15)}, nil, stub.UniqueError(19)),
-				call("fatalf", stub.ExpectArgs{"cannot raise %#x: %v", []any{uintptr(0x15), stub.UniqueError(19)}}, nil, nil),
+				call("fatalf", stub.ExpectArgs{"cannot raise CAP_SYS_ADMIN: %v", []any{stub.UniqueError(19)}}, nil, nil),
 			},
 		}, nil},
 
@@ -1693,11 +1691,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -1731,6 +1729,7 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x5)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x6)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x7)}, nil, nil),
+				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x8)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x9)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0xa)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0xb)}, nil, nil),
@@ -1762,7 +1761,8 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x26)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x27)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x28)}, nil, nil),
-				call("capset", stub.ExpectArgs{&capHeader{_LINUX_CAPABILITY_VERSION_3, 0}, &[2]capData{{0x200100, 0x200100, 0x200100}, {0, 0, 0}}}, nil, stub.UniqueError(17)),
+				call("capAmbientRaise", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x15)}, nil, nil),
+				call("capset", stub.ExpectArgs{&capHeader{_LINUX_CAPABILITY_VERSION_3, 0}, &[2]capData{{0, 0x200000, 0x200000}, {0, 0, 0}}}, nil, stub.UniqueError(17)),
 				call("fatalf", stub.ExpectArgs{"cannot capset: %v", []any{stub.UniqueError(17)}}, nil, nil),
 			},
 		}, nil},
@@ -1799,11 +1799,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -1837,6 +1837,7 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x5)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x6)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x7)}, nil, nil),
+				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x8)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x9)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0xa)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0xb)}, nil, nil),
@@ -1868,9 +1869,8 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x26)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x27)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x28)}, nil, nil),
-				call("capset", stub.ExpectArgs{&capHeader{_LINUX_CAPABILITY_VERSION_3, 0}, &[2]capData{{0x200100, 0x200100, 0x200100}, {0, 0, 0}}}, nil, nil),
 				call("capAmbientRaise", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x15)}, nil, nil),
-				call("capAmbientRaise", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x8)}, nil, nil),
+				call("capset", stub.ExpectArgs{&capHeader{_LINUX_CAPABILITY_VERSION_3, 0}, &[2]capData{{0, 0x200000, 0x200000}, {0, 0, 0}}}, nil, nil),
 				call("verbosef", stub.ExpectArgs{"resolving presets %#x", []any{std.FilterPreset(0xf)}}, nil, nil),
 				call("seccompLoad", stub.ExpectArgs{seccomp.Preset(0xf, 0), seccomp.ExportFlag(0)}, nil, stub.UniqueError(15)),
 				call("fatalf", stub.ExpectArgs{"cannot load syscall filter: %v", []any{stub.UniqueError(15)}}, nil, nil),
@@ -1908,11 +1908,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -2032,11 +2032,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(4), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -2132,11 +2132,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(4), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -2232,11 +2232,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(4), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -2323,11 +2323,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(4), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -2418,11 +2418,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(4), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -2520,11 +2520,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -2659,11 +2659,11 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("sethostname", stub.ExpectArgs{[]byte("hakurei-check")}, nil, nil),
 				call("lastcap", stub.ExpectArgs{}, uintptr(40), nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"", "/", "", uintptr(0x8c000), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
-				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				/* begin early */
 				call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/"}, "/", nil),
 				/* end early */
+				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"rootfs", "/proc/self/fd", "tmpfs", uintptr(6), ""}, nil, nil),
+				call("chdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"/proc/self/fd"}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
 				call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"sysroot", "sysroot", "", uintptr(0xd000), ""}, nil, nil),
 				call("mkdir", stub.ExpectArgs{"host", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
@@ -2697,6 +2697,7 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x5)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x6)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x7)}, nil, nil),
+				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x8)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x9)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0xa)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0xb)}, nil, nil),
@@ -2728,9 +2729,8 @@ func TestInitEntrypoint(t *testing.T) {
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x26)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x27)}, nil, nil),
 				call("capBoundingSetDrop", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x28)}, nil, nil),
-				call("capset", stub.ExpectArgs{&capHeader{_LINUX_CAPABILITY_VERSION_3, 0}, &[2]capData{{0x200100, 0x200100, 0x200100}, {0, 0, 0}}}, nil, nil),
 				call("capAmbientRaise", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x15)}, nil, nil),
-				call("capAmbientRaise", stub.ExpectArgs{uintptr(0x8)}, nil, nil),
+				call("capset", stub.ExpectArgs{&capHeader{_LINUX_CAPABILITY_VERSION_3, 0}, &[2]capData{{0, 0x200000, 0x200000}, {0, 0, 0}}}, nil, nil),
 				call("verbosef", stub.ExpectArgs{"resolving presets %#x", []any{std.FilterPreset(0xf)}}, nil, nil),
 				call("seccompLoad", stub.ExpectArgs{seccomp.Preset(0xf, 0), seccomp.ExportFlag(0)}, nil, nil),
 				call("verbosef", stub.ExpectArgs{"%d filter rules loaded", []any{73}}, nil, nil),

container/initoverlay.go

@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ import (
 	"encoding/gob"
 	"fmt"
 	"slices"
+	"strings"
 
 	"hakurei.app/check"
-	"hakurei.app/ext"
 	"hakurei.app/fhs"
 )
 
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ func (o *MountOverlayOp) early(_ *setupState, k syscallDispatcher) error {
 			if v, err := k.evalSymlinks(o.Upper.String()); err != nil {
 				return err
 			} else {
-				o.upper = toHost(v)
+				o.upper = check.EscapeOverlayDataSegment(toHost(v))
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ func (o *MountOverlayOp) early(_ *setupState, k syscallDispatcher) error {
 			if v, err := k.evalSymlinks(o.Work.String()); err != nil {
 				return err
 			} else {
-				o.work = toHost(v)
+				o.work = check.EscapeOverlayDataSegment(toHost(v))
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -168,39 +168,12 @@ func (o *MountOverlayOp) early(_ *setupState, k syscallDispatcher) error {
 		if v, err := k.evalSymlinks(a.String()); err != nil {
 			return err
 		} else {
-			o.lower[i] = toHost(v)
+			o.lower[i] = check.EscapeOverlayDataSegment(toHost(v))
 		}
 	}
 	return nil
 }
 
-// mountOverlay sets up an overlay mount via [ext.FS].
-func mountOverlay(target string, options [][2]string) error {
-	fs, err := ext.OpenFS(SourceOverlay, 0)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if err = fs.SetString("source", SourceOverlay); err != nil {
-		_ = fs.Close()
-		return err
-	}
-	for _, option := range options {
-		if err = fs.SetString(option[0], option[1]); err != nil {
-			_ = fs.Close()
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-	if err = fs.SetFlag(OptionOverlayUserxattr); err != nil {
-		_ = fs.Close()
-		return err
-	}
-	if err = fs.Mount(target, 0); err != nil {
-		_ = fs.Close()
-		return err
-	}
-	return fs.Close()
-}
-
 func (o *MountOverlayOp) apply(state *setupState, k syscallDispatcher) error {
 	target := o.Target.String()
 	if !o.noPrefix {
@@ -221,7 +194,7 @@ func (o *MountOverlayOp) apply(state *setupState, k syscallDispatcher) error {
 		}
 	}
 
-	options := make([][2]string, 0, 2+len(o.lower))
+	options := make([]string, 0, 4)
 
 	if o.upper == zeroString && o.work == zeroString { // readonly
 		if len(o.Lower) < 2 {
@@ -232,16 +205,15 @@ func (o *MountOverlayOp) apply(state *setupState, k syscallDispatcher) error {
 		if len(o.Lower) == 0 {
 			return &OverlayArgumentError{OverlayEmptyLower, zeroString}
 		}
-		options = append(options, [][2]string{
-			{OptionOverlayUpperdir, o.upper},
-			{OptionOverlayWorkdir, o.work},
-		}...)
-	}
-	for _, lower := range o.lower {
-		options = append(options, [2]string{OptionOverlayLowerdir + "+", lower})
+		options = append(options,
+			OptionOverlayUpperdir+"="+o.upper,
+			OptionOverlayWorkdir+"="+o.work)
 	}
+	options = append(options,
+		OptionOverlayLowerdir+"="+strings.Join(o.lower, check.SpecialOverlayPath),
+		OptionOverlayUserxattr)
 
-	return k.mountOverlay(target, options)
+	return k.mount(SourceOverlay, target, FstypeOverlay, 0, strings.Join(options, check.SpecialOverlayOption))
 }
 
 func (o *MountOverlayOp) late(*setupState, syscallDispatcher) error { return nil }

container/initoverlay_test.go

@@ -97,12 +97,13 @@ func TestMountOverlayOp(t *testing.T) {
 			call("mkdirAll", stub.ExpectArgs{"/sysroot", os.FileMode(0705)}, nil, nil),
 			call("mkdirTemp", stub.ExpectArgs{"/", "overlay.upper.*"}, "overlay.upper.32768", nil),
 			call("mkdirTemp", stub.ExpectArgs{"/", "overlay.work.*"}, "overlay.work.32768", nil),
-			call("mountOverlay", stub.ExpectArgs{"/sysroot", [][2]string{
-				{"upperdir", "overlay.upper.32768"},
-				{"workdir", "overlay.work.32768"},
-				{"lowerdir+", `/host/var/lib/planterette/base/debian:f92c9052`},
-				{"lowerdir+", `/host/var/lib/planterette/app/org.chromium.Chromium@debian:f92c9052`},
-			}}, nil, nil),
+			call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"overlay", "/sysroot", "overlay", uintptr(0), "" +
+				"upperdir=overlay.upper.32768," +
+				"workdir=overlay.work.32768," +
+				"lowerdir=" +
+				`/host/var/lib/planterette/base/debian\:f92c9052:` +
+				`/host/var/lib/planterette/app/org.chromium.Chromium@debian\:f92c9052,` +
+				"userxattr"}, nil, nil),
 		}, nil},
 
 		{"short lower ro", &Params{ParentPerm: 0755}, &MountOverlayOp{
@@ -128,10 +129,11 @@ func TestMountOverlayOp(t *testing.T) {
 			call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/mnt-root/nix/.ro-store0"}, "/mnt-root/nix/.ro-store0", nil),
 		}, nil, []stub.Call{
 			call("mkdirAll", stub.ExpectArgs{"/nix/store", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
-			call("mountOverlay", stub.ExpectArgs{"/nix/store", [][2]string{
-				{"lowerdir+", "/host/mnt-root/nix/.ro-store"},
-				{"lowerdir+", "/host/mnt-root/nix/.ro-store0"},
-			}}, nil, nil),
+			call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"overlay", "/nix/store", "overlay", uintptr(0), "" +
+				"lowerdir=" +
+				"/host/mnt-root/nix/.ro-store:" +
+				"/host/mnt-root/nix/.ro-store0," +
+				"userxattr"}, nil, nil),
 		}, nil},
 
 		{"success ro", &Params{ParentPerm: 0755}, &MountOverlayOp{
@@ -145,10 +147,11 @@ func TestMountOverlayOp(t *testing.T) {
 			call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/mnt-root/nix/.ro-store0"}, "/mnt-root/nix/.ro-store0", nil),
 		}, nil, []stub.Call{
 			call("mkdirAll", stub.ExpectArgs{"/sysroot/nix/store", os.FileMode(0755)}, nil, nil),
-			call("mountOverlay", stub.ExpectArgs{"/sysroot/nix/store", [][2]string{
-				{"lowerdir+", "/host/mnt-root/nix/.ro-store"},
-				{"lowerdir+", "/host/mnt-root/nix/.ro-store0"},
-			}}, nil, nil),
+			call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"overlay", "/sysroot/nix/store", "overlay", uintptr(0), "" +
+				"lowerdir=" +
+				"/host/mnt-root/nix/.ro-store:" +
+				"/host/mnt-root/nix/.ro-store0," +
+				"userxattr"}, nil, nil),
 		}, nil},
 
 		{"nil lower", &Params{ParentPerm: 0700}, &MountOverlayOp{
@@ -216,11 +219,7 @@ func TestMountOverlayOp(t *testing.T) {
 			call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/mnt-root/nix/.ro-store"}, "/mnt-root/nix/ro-store", nil),
 		}, nil, []stub.Call{
 			call("mkdirAll", stub.ExpectArgs{"/sysroot/nix/store", os.FileMode(0700)}, nil, nil),
-			call("mountOverlay", stub.ExpectArgs{"/sysroot/nix/store", [][2]string{
-				{"upperdir", "/host/mnt-root/nix/.rw-store/.upper"},
-				{"workdir", "/host/mnt-root/nix/.rw-store/.work"},
-				{"lowerdir+", "/host/mnt-root/nix/ro-store"},
-			}}, nil, stub.UniqueError(0)),
+			call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"overlay", "/sysroot/nix/store", "overlay", uintptr(0), "upperdir=/host/mnt-root/nix/.rw-store/.upper,workdir=/host/mnt-root/nix/.rw-store/.work,lowerdir=/host/mnt-root/nix/ro-store,userxattr"}, nil, stub.UniqueError(0)),
 		}, stub.UniqueError(0)},
 
 		{"success single layer", &Params{ParentPerm: 0700}, &MountOverlayOp{
@@ -234,11 +233,11 @@ func TestMountOverlayOp(t *testing.T) {
 			call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/mnt-root/nix/.ro-store"}, "/mnt-root/nix/ro-store", nil),
 		}, nil, []stub.Call{
 			call("mkdirAll", stub.ExpectArgs{"/sysroot/nix/store", os.FileMode(0700)}, nil, nil),
-			call("mountOverlay", stub.ExpectArgs{"/sysroot/nix/store", [][2]string{
-				{"upperdir", "/host/mnt-root/nix/.rw-store/.upper"},
-				{"workdir", "/host/mnt-root/nix/.rw-store/.work"},
-				{"lowerdir+", "/host/mnt-root/nix/ro-store"},
-			}}, nil, nil),
+			call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"overlay", "/sysroot/nix/store", "overlay", uintptr(0), "" +
+				"upperdir=/host/mnt-root/nix/.rw-store/.upper," +
+				"workdir=/host/mnt-root/nix/.rw-store/.work," +
+				"lowerdir=/host/mnt-root/nix/ro-store," +
+				"userxattr"}, nil, nil),
 		}, nil},
 
 		{"success", &Params{ParentPerm: 0700}, &MountOverlayOp{
@@ -262,15 +261,16 @@ func TestMountOverlayOp(t *testing.T) {
 			call("evalSymlinks", stub.ExpectArgs{"/mnt-root/nix/.ro-store3"}, "/mnt-root/nix/ro-store3", nil),
 		}, nil, []stub.Call{
 			call("mkdirAll", stub.ExpectArgs{"/sysroot/nix/store", os.FileMode(0700)}, nil, nil),
-			call("mountOverlay", stub.ExpectArgs{"/sysroot/nix/store", [][2]string{
-				{"upperdir", "/host/mnt-root/nix/.rw-store/.upper"},
-				{"workdir", "/host/mnt-root/nix/.rw-store/.work"},
-				{"lowerdir+", "/host/mnt-root/nix/ro-store"},
-				{"lowerdir+", "/host/mnt-root/nix/ro-store0"},
-				{"lowerdir+", "/host/mnt-root/nix/ro-store1"},
-				{"lowerdir+", "/host/mnt-root/nix/ro-store2"},
-				{"lowerdir+", "/host/mnt-root/nix/ro-store3"},
-			}}, nil, nil),
+			call("mount", stub.ExpectArgs{"overlay", "/sysroot/nix/store", "overlay", uintptr(0), "" +
+				"upperdir=/host/mnt-root/nix/.rw-store/.upper," +
+				"workdir=/host/mnt-root/nix/.rw-store/.work," +
+				"lowerdir=" +
+				"/host/mnt-root/nix/ro-store:" +
+				"/host/mnt-root/nix/ro-store0:" +
+				"/host/mnt-root/nix/ro-store1:" +
+				"/host/mnt-root/nix/ro-store2:" +
+				"/host/mnt-root/nix/ro-store3," +
+				"userxattr"}, nil, nil),
 		}, nil},
 	})
 

container/mount.go

@@ -40,9 +40,6 @@ const (
 	// SourceMqueue is used when mounting mqueue.
 	// Note that any source value is allowed when fstype is [FstypeMqueue].
 	SourceMqueue = "mqueue"
-	// SourceBinfmtMisc is used when mounting binfmt_misc.
-	// Note that any source value is allowed when fstype is [SourceBinfmtMisc].
-	SourceBinfmtMisc = "binfmt_misc"
 	// SourceOverlay is used when mounting overlay.
 	// Note that any source value is allowed when fstype is [FstypeOverlay].
 	SourceOverlay = "overlay"
@@ -73,9 +70,6 @@ const (
 	// FstypeMqueue represents the mqueue pseudo-filesystem.
 	// This filesystem type is usually mounted on /dev/mqueue.
 	FstypeMqueue = "mqueue"
-	// FstypeBinfmtMisc represents the binfmt_misc pseudo-filesystem.
-	// This filesystem type is usually mounted on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc.
-	FstypeBinfmtMisc = "binfmt_misc"
 	// FstypeOverlay represents the overlay pseudo-filesystem.
 	// This filesystem type can be mounted anywhere in the container filesystem.
 	FstypeOverlay = "overlay"

container/path_test.go

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 	"unsafe"
 
+	"hakurei.app/check"
 	"hakurei.app/vfs"
 )
 
@@ -49,6 +50,9 @@ func TestToHost(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+// InternalToHostOvlEscape exports toHost passed to [check.EscapeOverlayDataSegment].
+func InternalToHostOvlEscape(s string) string { return check.EscapeOverlayDataSegment(toHost(s)) }
+
 func TestCreateFile(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("nonexistent", func(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run("mkdir", func(t *testing.T) {

ext/fs.go

@@ -1,267 +0,0 @@
-package ext
-
-import (
-	"os"
-	"runtime"
-	"syscall"
-	"unsafe"
-)
-
-// include/uapi/linux/mount.h
-
-/*
- * move_mount() flags.
- */
-const (
-	MOVE_MOUNT_F_SYMLINKS   = 1 << iota /* Follow symlinks on from path */
-	MOVE_MOUNT_F_AUTOMOUNTS             /* Follow automounts on from path */
-	MOVE_MOUNT_F_EMPTY_PATH             /* Empty from path permitted */
-	_
-	MOVE_MOUNT_T_SYMLINKS   /* Follow symlinks on to path */
-	MOVE_MOUNT_T_AUTOMOUNTS /* Follow automounts on to path */
-	MOVE_MOUNT_T_EMPTY_PATH /* Empty to path permitted */
-	_
-	MOVE_MOUNT_SET_GROUP /* Set sharing group instead */
-	MOVE_MOUNT_BENEATH   /* Mount beneath top mount */
-)
-
-/*
- * fsopen() flags.
- */
-const (
-	FSOPEN_CLOEXEC = 1 << iota
-)
-
-/*
- * fspick() flags.
- */
-const (
-	FSPICK_CLOEXEC = 1 << iota
-	FSPICK_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW
-	FSPICK_NO_AUTOMOUNT
-	FSPICK_EMPTY_PATH
-)
-
-/*
- * The type of fsconfig() call made.
- */
-const (
-	FSCONFIG_SET_FLAG        = iota /* Set parameter, supplying no value */
-	FSCONFIG_SET_STRING             /* Set parameter, supplying a string value */
-	FSCONFIG_SET_BINARY             /* Set parameter, supplying a binary blob value */
-	FSCONFIG_SET_PATH               /* Set parameter, supplying an object by path */
-	FSCONFIG_SET_PATH_EMPTY         /* Set parameter, supplying an object by (empty) path */
-	FSCONFIG_SET_FD                 /* Set parameter, supplying an object by fd */
-	FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE             /* Create new or reuse existing superblock */
-	FSCONFIG_CMD_RECONFIGURE        /* Invoke superblock reconfiguration */
-	FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE_EXCL        /* Create new superblock, fail if reusing existing superblock */
-)
-
-/*
- * fsmount() flags.
- */
-const (
-	FSMOUNT_CLOEXEC = 1 << iota
-)
-
-/*
- * Mount attributes.
- */
-const (
-	MOUNT_ATTR_RDONLY      = 0x00000001 /* Mount read-only */
-	MOUNT_ATTR_NOSUID      = 0x00000002 /* Ignore suid and sgid bits */
-	MOUNT_ATTR_NODEV       = 0x00000004 /* Disallow access to device special files */
-	MOUNT_ATTR_NOEXEC      = 0x00000008 /* Disallow program execution */
-	MOUNT_ATTR__ATIME      = 0x00000070 /* Setting on how atime should be updated */
-	MOUNT_ATTR_RELATIME    = 0x00000000 /* - Update atime relative to mtime/ctime. */
-	MOUNT_ATTR_NOATIME     = 0x00000010 /* - Do not update access times. */
-	MOUNT_ATTR_STRICTATIME = 0x00000020 /* - Always perform atime updates */
-	MOUNT_ATTR_NODIRATIME  = 0x00000080 /* Do not update directory access times */
-	MOUNT_ATTR_IDMAP       = 0x00100000 /* Idmap mount to @userns_fd in struct mount_attr. */
-	MOUNT_ATTR_NOSYMFOLLOW = 0x00200000 /* Do not follow symlinks */
-)
-
-// FS provides low-level wrappers around the suite of file-descriptor-based
-// mount facilities in Linux.
-type FS struct {
-	fd uintptr
-	c  runtime.Cleanup
-}
-
-// newFS allocates a new [FS] for the specified fd.
-func newFS(fd uintptr) *FS {
-	fs := FS{fd: fd}
-	fs.c = runtime.AddCleanup(&fs, func(fd uintptr) {
-		_ = syscall.Close(int(fd))
-	}, fd)
-	return &fs
-}
-
-// Close closes the underlying filesystem context.
-func (fs *FS) Close() error {
-	if fs == nil {
-		return syscall.EINVAL
-	}
-	err := syscall.Close(int(fs.fd))
-	fs.c.Stop()
-	return err
-}
-
-// OpenFS creates a new filesystem context.
-func OpenFS(fsname string, flags int) (fs *FS, err error) {
-	var s *byte
-	s, err = syscall.BytePtrFromString(fsname)
-	if err != nil {
-		return
-	}
-	fd, _, errno := syscall.Syscall(
-		SYS_FSOPEN,
-		uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(s)),
-		uintptr(flags|FSOPEN_CLOEXEC),
-		0,
-	)
-	if errno != 0 {
-		err = os.NewSyscallError("fsopen", errno)
-	} else {
-		fs = newFS(fd)
-	}
-	return
-}
-
-// PickFS selects filesystem for reconfiguration.
-func PickFS(dirfd int, pathname string, flags int) (fs *FS, err error) {
-	var s *byte
-	s, err = syscall.BytePtrFromString(pathname)
-	if err != nil {
-		return
-	}
-	fd, _, errno := syscall.Syscall(
-		SYS_FSPICK,
-		uintptr(dirfd),
-		uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(s)),
-		uintptr(flags|FSPICK_CLOEXEC),
-	)
-	if errno != 0 {
-		err = os.NewSyscallError("fspick", errno)
-	} else {
-		fs = newFS(fd)
-	}
-	return
-}
-
-// config configures new or existing filesystem context.
-func (fs *FS) config(cmd uint, key *byte, value unsafe.Pointer, aux int) (err error) {
-	_, _, errno := syscall.Syscall6(
-		SYS_FSCONFIG,
-		fs.fd,
-		uintptr(cmd),
-		uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(key)),
-		uintptr(value),
-		uintptr(aux),
-		0,
-	)
-	if errno != 0 {
-		err = os.NewSyscallError("fsconfig", errno)
-	}
-	return
-}
-
-// SetFlag sets the flag parameter named by key. ([FSCONFIG_SET_FLAG])
-func (fs *FS) SetFlag(key string) (err error) {
-	var s *byte
-	s, err = syscall.BytePtrFromString(key)
-	if err != nil {
-		return
-	}
-
-	return fs.config(FSCONFIG_SET_FLAG, s, nil, 0)
-}
-
-// SetString sets the string parameter named by key to the value specified by
-// value. ([FSCONFIG_SET_STRING])
-func (fs *FS) SetString(key, value string) (err error) {
-	var s0 *byte
-	s0, err = syscall.BytePtrFromString(key)
-	if err != nil {
-		return
-	}
-
-	var s1 *byte
-	s1, err = syscall.BytePtrFromString(value)
-	if err != nil {
-		return
-	}
-
-	return fs.config(FSCONFIG_SET_STRING, s0, unsafe.Pointer(s1), 0)
-}
-
-// mount instantiates mount object from filesystem context.
-func (fs *FS) mount(flags, attrFlags int) (fsfd int, err error) {
-	r, _, errno := syscall.Syscall(
-		SYS_FSMOUNT,
-		fs.fd,
-		uintptr(flags|FSMOUNT_CLOEXEC),
-		uintptr(attrFlags),
-	)
-	fsfd = int(r)
-	if errno != 0 {
-		err = os.NewSyscallError("fsmount", errno)
-	}
-	return
-}
-
-// MoveMount moves or attaches mount object to filesystem.
-func MoveMount(
-	fromDirfd int,
-	fromPathname string,
-	toDirfd int,
-	toPathname string,
-	flags int,
-) (err error) {
-	var s0 *byte
-	s0, err = syscall.BytePtrFromString(fromPathname)
-	if err != nil {
-		return
-	}
-
-	var s1 *byte
-	s1, err = syscall.BytePtrFromString(toPathname)
-	if err != nil {
-		return
-	}
-
-	_, _, errno := syscall.Syscall6(
-		SYS_MOVE_MOUNT,
-		uintptr(fromDirfd),
-		uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(s0)),
-		uintptr(toDirfd),
-		uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(s1)),
-		uintptr(flags),
-		0,
-	)
-	if errno != 0 {
-		err = os.NewSyscallError("move_mount", errno)
-	}
-	return
-}
-
-// Mount attaches the underlying filesystem context to the specified pathname.
-func (fs *FS) Mount(pathname string, attrFlags int) error {
-	if err := fs.config(FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE_EXCL, nil, nil, 0); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	fd, err := fs.mount(0, attrFlags)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	err = MoveMount(
-		fd, "",
-		-1, pathname,
-		MOVE_MOUNT_F_EMPTY_PATH,
-	)
-	closeErr := syscall.Close(fd)
-	if err == nil {
-		err = closeErr
-	}
-	return err
-}

fhs/abs.go

@@ -42,8 +42,6 @@ var (
 	AbsDevShm = unsafeAbs(DevShm)
 	// AbsProc is [Proc] as [check.Absolute].
 	AbsProc = unsafeAbs(Proc)
-	// AbsProcSys is [ProcSys] as [check.Absolute].
-	AbsProcSys = unsafeAbs(ProcSys)
 	// AbsProcSelfExe is [ProcSelfExe] as [check.Absolute].
 	AbsProcSelfExe = unsafeAbs(ProcSelfExe)
 	// AbsSys is [Sys] as [check.Absolute].

internal/pkg/dir_test.go

@@ -64,6 +64,78 @@ func TestFlatten(t *testing.T) {
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "work"},
 		}, pkg.MustDecode("E4vEZKhCcL2gPZ2Tt59FS3lDng-d_2SKa2i5G_RbDfwGn6EemptFaGLPUDiOa94C"), nil},
 
+		{"sample cache file", fstest.MapFS{
+			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+
+			"checksum": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"checksum/vsAhtPNo4waRNOASwrQwcIPTqb3SBuJOXw2G4T1mNmVZM-wrQTRllmgXqcIIoRcX": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{0}},
+			"checksum/0bSFPu5Tnd-2Jj0Mv6co23PW2t3BmHc7eLFj9TgY3eIBg8zislo7xZYNBqovVLcq": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{0, 0, 0, 0, 0xad, 0xb, 0, 4, 0xfe, 0xfe, 0, 0, 0xfe, 0xca, 0, 0}},
+
+			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"identifier/vsAhtPNo4waRNOASwrQwcIPTqb3SBuJOXw2G4T1mNmVZM-wrQTRllmgXqcIIoRcX": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/vsAhtPNo4waRNOASwrQwcIPTqb3SBuJOXw2G4T1mNmVZM-wrQTRllmgXqcIIoRcX")},
+			"identifier/0bSFPu5Tnd-2Jj0Mv6co23PW2t3BmHc7eLFj9TgY3eIBg8zislo7xZYNBqovVLcq": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/0bSFPu5Tnd-2Jj0Mv6co23PW2t3BmHc7eLFj9TgY3eIBg8zislo7xZYNBqovVLcq")},
+			"identifier/cafebabecafebabecafebabecafebabecafebabecafebabecafebabecafebabe": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/0bSFPu5Tnd-2Jj0Mv6co23PW2t3BmHc7eLFj9TgY3eIBg8zislo7xZYNBqovVLcq")},
+			"identifier/deadbeefdeadbeefdeadbeefdeadbeefdeadbeefdeadbeefdeadbeefdeadbeef": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/0bSFPu5Tnd-2Jj0Mv6co23PW2t3BmHc7eLFj9TgY3eIBg8zislo7xZYNBqovVLcq")},
+
+			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+		}, []pkg.FlatEntry{
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "."},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "checksum"},
+			{Mode: 0400, Path: "checksum/0bSFPu5Tnd-2Jj0Mv6co23PW2t3BmHc7eLFj9TgY3eIBg8zislo7xZYNBqovVLcq", Data: []byte{0, 0, 0, 0, 0xad, 0xb, 0, 4, 0xfe, 0xfe, 0, 0, 0xfe, 0xca, 0, 0}},
+			{Mode: 0400, Path: "checksum/vsAhtPNo4waRNOASwrQwcIPTqb3SBuJOXw2G4T1mNmVZM-wrQTRllmgXqcIIoRcX", Data: []byte{0}},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "identifier"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/0bSFPu5Tnd-2Jj0Mv6co23PW2t3BmHc7eLFj9TgY3eIBg8zislo7xZYNBqovVLcq", Data: []byte("../checksum/0bSFPu5Tnd-2Jj0Mv6co23PW2t3BmHc7eLFj9TgY3eIBg8zislo7xZYNBqovVLcq")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/cafebabecafebabecafebabecafebabecafebabecafebabecafebabecafebabe", Data: []byte("../checksum/0bSFPu5Tnd-2Jj0Mv6co23PW2t3BmHc7eLFj9TgY3eIBg8zislo7xZYNBqovVLcq")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/deadbeefdeadbeefdeadbeefdeadbeefdeadbeefdeadbeefdeadbeefdeadbeef", Data: []byte("../checksum/0bSFPu5Tnd-2Jj0Mv6co23PW2t3BmHc7eLFj9TgY3eIBg8zislo7xZYNBqovVLcq")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/vsAhtPNo4waRNOASwrQwcIPTqb3SBuJOXw2G4T1mNmVZM-wrQTRllmgXqcIIoRcX", Data: []byte("../checksum/vsAhtPNo4waRNOASwrQwcIPTqb3SBuJOXw2G4T1mNmVZM-wrQTRllmgXqcIIoRcX")},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "work"},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("St9rlE-mGZ5gXwiv_hzQ_B8bZP-UUvSNmf4nHUZzCMOumb6hKnheZSe0dmnuc4Q2"), nil},
+
+		{"sample http get cure", fstest.MapFS{
+			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+
+			"checksum": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"checksum/fLYGIMHgN1louE-JzITJZJo2SDniPu-IHBXubtvQWFO-hXnDVKNuscV7-zlyr5fU": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte("\x7f\xe1\x69\xa2\xdd\x63\x96\x26\x83\x79\x61\x8b\xf0\x3f\xd5\x16\x9a\x39\x3a\xdb\xcf\xb1\xbc\x8d\x33\xff\x75\xee\x62\x56\xa9\xf0\x27\xac\x13\x94\x69")},
+
+			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"identifier/oM-2pUlk-mOxK1t3aMWZer69UdOQlAXiAgMrpZ1476VoOqpYVP1aGFS9_HYy-D8_": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/fLYGIMHgN1louE-JzITJZJo2SDniPu-IHBXubtvQWFO-hXnDVKNuscV7-zlyr5fU")},
+
+			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+		}, []pkg.FlatEntry{
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "."},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "checksum"},
+			{Mode: 0400, Path: "checksum/fLYGIMHgN1louE-JzITJZJo2SDniPu-IHBXubtvQWFO-hXnDVKNuscV7-zlyr5fU", Data: []byte("\x7f\xe1\x69\xa2\xdd\x63\x96\x26\x83\x79\x61\x8b\xf0\x3f\xd5\x16\x9a\x39\x3a\xdb\xcf\xb1\xbc\x8d\x33\xff\x75\xee\x62\x56\xa9\xf0\x27\xac\x13\x94\x69")},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "identifier"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/oM-2pUlk-mOxK1t3aMWZer69UdOQlAXiAgMrpZ1476VoOqpYVP1aGFS9_HYy-D8_", Data: []byte("../checksum/fLYGIMHgN1louE-JzITJZJo2SDniPu-IHBXubtvQWFO-hXnDVKNuscV7-zlyr5fU")},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "work"},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("L_0RFHpr9JUS4Zp14rz2dESSRvfLzpvqsLhR1-YjQt8hYlmEdVl7vI3_-v8UNPKs"), nil},
+
+		{"sample directory step simple", fstest.MapFS{
+			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+
+			"check": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{0, 0}},
+
+			"lib":            {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"lib/libedac.so": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("/proc/nonexistent/libedac.so")},
+
+			"lib/pkgconfig": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+		}, []pkg.FlatEntry{
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "."},
+
+			{Mode: 0400, Path: "check", Data: []byte{0, 0}},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "lib"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "lib/libedac.so", Data: []byte("/proc/nonexistent/libedac.so")},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "lib/pkgconfig"},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("qRN6in76LndiiOZJheHkwyW8UT1N5-f-bXvHfDvwrMw2fSkOoZdh8pWE1qhLk65b"), nil},
+
 		{"sample directory step garbage", fstest.MapFS{
 			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
 
@@ -79,6 +151,421 @@ func TestFlatten(t *testing.T) {
 
 			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "lib/pkgconfig"},
 		}, pkg.MustDecode("CUx-3hSbTWPsbMfDhgalG4Ni_GmR9TnVX8F99tY_P5GtkYvczg9RrF5zO0jX9XYT"), nil},
+
+		{"sample directory", fstest.MapFS{
+			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+
+			"checksum": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"checksum/qRN6in76LndiiOZJheHkwyW8UT1N5-f-bXvHfDvwrMw2fSkOoZdh8pWE1qhLk65b":                {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+			"checksum/qRN6in76LndiiOZJheHkwyW8UT1N5-f-bXvHfDvwrMw2fSkOoZdh8pWE1qhLk65b/check":          {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{0, 0}},
+			"checksum/qRN6in76LndiiOZJheHkwyW8UT1N5-f-bXvHfDvwrMw2fSkOoZdh8pWE1qhLk65b/lib":            {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"checksum/qRN6in76LndiiOZJheHkwyW8UT1N5-f-bXvHfDvwrMw2fSkOoZdh8pWE1qhLk65b/lib/pkgconfig":  {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"checksum/qRN6in76LndiiOZJheHkwyW8UT1N5-f-bXvHfDvwrMw2fSkOoZdh8pWE1qhLk65b/lib/libedac.so": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("/proc/nonexistent/libedac.so")},
+
+			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"identifier/HnySzeLQvSBZuTUcvfmLEX_OmH4yJWWH788NxuLuv7kVn8_uPM6Ks4rqFWM2NZJY": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/qRN6in76LndiiOZJheHkwyW8UT1N5-f-bXvHfDvwrMw2fSkOoZdh8pWE1qhLk65b")},
+			"identifier/Zx5ZG9BAwegNT3zQwCySuI2ktCXxNgxirkGLFjW4FW06PtojYVaCdtEw8yuntPLa": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/qRN6in76LndiiOZJheHkwyW8UT1N5-f-bXvHfDvwrMw2fSkOoZdh8pWE1qhLk65b")},
+
+			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+		}, []pkg.FlatEntry{
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "."},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "checksum"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/qRN6in76LndiiOZJheHkwyW8UT1N5-f-bXvHfDvwrMw2fSkOoZdh8pWE1qhLk65b"},
+			{Mode: 0400, Path: "checksum/qRN6in76LndiiOZJheHkwyW8UT1N5-f-bXvHfDvwrMw2fSkOoZdh8pWE1qhLk65b/check", Data: []byte{0, 0}},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "checksum/qRN6in76LndiiOZJheHkwyW8UT1N5-f-bXvHfDvwrMw2fSkOoZdh8pWE1qhLk65b/lib"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "checksum/qRN6in76LndiiOZJheHkwyW8UT1N5-f-bXvHfDvwrMw2fSkOoZdh8pWE1qhLk65b/lib/libedac.so", Data: []byte("/proc/nonexistent/libedac.so")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "checksum/qRN6in76LndiiOZJheHkwyW8UT1N5-f-bXvHfDvwrMw2fSkOoZdh8pWE1qhLk65b/lib/pkgconfig"},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "identifier"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/HnySzeLQvSBZuTUcvfmLEX_OmH4yJWWH788NxuLuv7kVn8_uPM6Ks4rqFWM2NZJY", Data: []byte("../checksum/qRN6in76LndiiOZJheHkwyW8UT1N5-f-bXvHfDvwrMw2fSkOoZdh8pWE1qhLk65b")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/Zx5ZG9BAwegNT3zQwCySuI2ktCXxNgxirkGLFjW4FW06PtojYVaCdtEw8yuntPLa", Data: []byte("../checksum/qRN6in76LndiiOZJheHkwyW8UT1N5-f-bXvHfDvwrMw2fSkOoZdh8pWE1qhLk65b")},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "work"},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("WVpvsVqVKg9Nsh744x57h51AuWUoUR2nnh8Md-EYBQpk6ziyTuUn6PLtF2e0Eu_d"), nil},
+
+		{"sample no assume checksum", fstest.MapFS{
+			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+
+			"checksum": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"checksum/Aubi5EG4_Y8DhL9bQ3Q4HFBhLRF7X5gt9D3CNCQfT-TeBtlRXc7Zi_JYZEMoCC7M":       {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+			"checksum/Aubi5EG4_Y8DhL9bQ3Q4HFBhLRF7X5gt9D3CNCQfT-TeBtlRXc7Zi_JYZEMoCC7M/check": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{}},
+
+			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"identifier/_wAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/Aubi5EG4_Y8DhL9bQ3Q4HFBhLRF7X5gt9D3CNCQfT-TeBtlRXc7Zi_JYZEMoCC7M")},
+			"identifier/_wEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/Aubi5EG4_Y8DhL9bQ3Q4HFBhLRF7X5gt9D3CNCQfT-TeBtlRXc7Zi_JYZEMoCC7M")},
+
+			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+		}, []pkg.FlatEntry{
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "."},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "checksum"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/Aubi5EG4_Y8DhL9bQ3Q4HFBhLRF7X5gt9D3CNCQfT-TeBtlRXc7Zi_JYZEMoCC7M"},
+			{Mode: 0400, Path: "checksum/Aubi5EG4_Y8DhL9bQ3Q4HFBhLRF7X5gt9D3CNCQfT-TeBtlRXc7Zi_JYZEMoCC7M/check", Data: []byte{}},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "identifier"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/_wAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA", Data: []byte("../checksum/Aubi5EG4_Y8DhL9bQ3Q4HFBhLRF7X5gt9D3CNCQfT-TeBtlRXc7Zi_JYZEMoCC7M")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/_wEAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA", Data: []byte("../checksum/Aubi5EG4_Y8DhL9bQ3Q4HFBhLRF7X5gt9D3CNCQfT-TeBtlRXc7Zi_JYZEMoCC7M")},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "work"},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("OC290t23aimNo2Rp2pPwan5GI2KRLRdOwYxXQMD9jw0QROgHnNXWodoWdV0hwu2w"), nil},
+
+		{"sample tar step unpack", fstest.MapFS{
+			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+
+			"checksum": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+			"checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP":                {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+			"checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP/check":          {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{0, 0}},
+			"checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP/lib":            {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+			"checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP/lib/pkgconfig":  {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+			"checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP/lib/libedac.so": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("/proc/nonexistent/libedac.so")},
+
+			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+			"identifier/HnySzeLQvSBZuTUcvfmLEX_OmH4yJWWH788NxuLuv7kVn8_uPM6Ks4rqFWM2NZJY": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP")},
+			"identifier/Zx5ZG9BAwegNT3zQwCySuI2ktCXxNgxirkGLFjW4FW06PtojYVaCdtEw8yuntPLa": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP")},
+
+			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+		}, []pkg.FlatEntry{
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "."},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP"},
+			{Mode: 0400, Path: "checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP/check", Data: []byte{0, 0}},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP/lib"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP/lib/libedac.so", Data: []byte("/proc/nonexistent/libedac.so")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP/lib/pkgconfig"},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "identifier"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/HnySzeLQvSBZuTUcvfmLEX_OmH4yJWWH788NxuLuv7kVn8_uPM6Ks4rqFWM2NZJY", Data: []byte("../checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/Zx5ZG9BAwegNT3zQwCySuI2ktCXxNgxirkGLFjW4FW06PtojYVaCdtEw8yuntPLa", Data: []byte("../checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP")},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "work"},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM"), nil},
+
+		{"sample tar", fstest.MapFS{
+			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+
+			"checksum": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM":                                                                                          {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+			"checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM/checksum":                                                                                 {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+			"checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM/checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP":                {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+			"checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM/checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP/check":          {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{0, 0}},
+			"checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM/checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP/lib":            {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+			"checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM/checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP/lib/libedac.so": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("/proc/nonexistent/libedac.so")},
+			"checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM/checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP/lib/pkgconfig":  {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+			"checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM/identifier":                                                                               {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+			"checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM/identifier/HnySzeLQvSBZuTUcvfmLEX_OmH4yJWWH788NxuLuv7kVn8_uPM6Ks4rqFWM2NZJY":              {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP")},
+			"checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM/identifier/Zx5ZG9BAwegNT3zQwCySuI2ktCXxNgxirkGLFjW4FW06PtojYVaCdtEw8yuntPLa":              {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP")},
+			"checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM/work":                                                                                     {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+
+			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"identifier/W5S65DEhawz_WKaok5NjUKLmnD9dNl5RPauNJjcOVcB3VM4eGhSaLGmXbL8vZpiw": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM")},
+			"identifier/rg7F1D5hwv6o4xctjD5zDq4i5MD0mArTsUIWfhUbik8xC6Bsyt3mjXXOm3goojTz": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM")},
+
+			"temp": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+		}, []pkg.FlatEntry{
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "."},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "checksum"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM/checksum"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM/checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP"},
+			{Mode: 0400, Path: "checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM/checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP/check", Data: []byte{0, 0}},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM/checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP/lib"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM/checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP/lib/libedac.so", Data: []byte("/proc/nonexistent/libedac.so")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM/checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP/lib/pkgconfig"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM/identifier"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM/identifier/HnySzeLQvSBZuTUcvfmLEX_OmH4yJWWH788NxuLuv7kVn8_uPM6Ks4rqFWM2NZJY", Data: []byte("../checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM/identifier/Zx5ZG9BAwegNT3zQwCySuI2ktCXxNgxirkGLFjW4FW06PtojYVaCdtEw8yuntPLa", Data: []byte("../checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM/work"},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "identifier"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/W5S65DEhawz_WKaok5NjUKLmnD9dNl5RPauNJjcOVcB3VM4eGhSaLGmXbL8vZpiw", Data: []byte("../checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/rg7F1D5hwv6o4xctjD5zDq4i5MD0mArTsUIWfhUbik8xC6Bsyt3mjXXOm3goojTz", Data: []byte("../checksum/cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM")},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "temp"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "work"},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("NQTlc466JmSVLIyWklm_u8_g95jEEb98PxJU-kjwxLpfdjwMWJq0G8ze9R4Vo1Vu"), nil},
+
+		{"sample tar expand step unpack", fstest.MapFS{
+			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+
+			"libedac.so": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("/proc/nonexistent/libedac.so")},
+		}, []pkg.FlatEntry{
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "."},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "libedac.so", Data: []byte("/proc/nonexistent/libedac.so")},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("CH3AiUrCCcVOjOYLaMKKK1Da78989JtfHeIsxMzWOQFiN4mrCLDYpoDxLWqJWCUN"), nil},
+
+		{"sample tar expand", fstest.MapFS{
+			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+
+			"checksum": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"checksum/CH3AiUrCCcVOjOYLaMKKK1Da78989JtfHeIsxMzWOQFiN4mrCLDYpoDxLWqJWCUN":            {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+			"checksum/CH3AiUrCCcVOjOYLaMKKK1Da78989JtfHeIsxMzWOQFiN4mrCLDYpoDxLWqJWCUN/libedac.so": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("/proc/nonexistent/libedac.so")},
+
+			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"identifier/W5S65DEhawz_WKaok5NjUKLmnD9dNl5RPauNJjcOVcB3VM4eGhSaLGmXbL8vZpiw": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/CH3AiUrCCcVOjOYLaMKKK1Da78989JtfHeIsxMzWOQFiN4mrCLDYpoDxLWqJWCUN")},
+			"identifier/_v1blm2h-_KA-dVaawdpLas6MjHc6rbhhFS8JWwx8iJxZGUu8EBbRrhr5AaZ9PJL": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/CH3AiUrCCcVOjOYLaMKKK1Da78989JtfHeIsxMzWOQFiN4mrCLDYpoDxLWqJWCUN")},
+
+			"temp": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+		}, []pkg.FlatEntry{
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "."},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "checksum"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/CH3AiUrCCcVOjOYLaMKKK1Da78989JtfHeIsxMzWOQFiN4mrCLDYpoDxLWqJWCUN"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "checksum/CH3AiUrCCcVOjOYLaMKKK1Da78989JtfHeIsxMzWOQFiN4mrCLDYpoDxLWqJWCUN/libedac.so", Data: []byte("/proc/nonexistent/libedac.so")},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "identifier"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/W5S65DEhawz_WKaok5NjUKLmnD9dNl5RPauNJjcOVcB3VM4eGhSaLGmXbL8vZpiw", Data: []byte("../checksum/CH3AiUrCCcVOjOYLaMKKK1Da78989JtfHeIsxMzWOQFiN4mrCLDYpoDxLWqJWCUN")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/_v1blm2h-_KA-dVaawdpLas6MjHc6rbhhFS8JWwx8iJxZGUu8EBbRrhr5AaZ9PJL", Data: []byte("../checksum/CH3AiUrCCcVOjOYLaMKKK1Da78989JtfHeIsxMzWOQFiN4mrCLDYpoDxLWqJWCUN")},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "temp"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "work"},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("hSoSSgCYTNonX3Q8FjvjD1fBl-E-BQyA6OTXro2OadXqbST4tZ-akGXszdeqphRe"), nil},
+
+		{"testtool", fstest.MapFS{
+			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+
+			"check": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{0}},
+		}, []pkg.FlatEntry{
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "."},
+
+			{Mode: 0400, Path: "check", Data: []byte{0}},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9"), nil},
+
+		{"sample exec container", fstest.MapFS{
+			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+
+			"checksum": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9":       {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+			"checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9/check": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{0}},
+			"checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU":       {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+			"checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb":       {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{}},
+
+			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"identifier/_gAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb")},
+			"identifier/dztPS6jRjiZtCF4_p8AzfnxGp6obkhrgFVsxdodbKWUoAEVtDz3MykepJB4kI_ks": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
+			"identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+
+			"temp": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+		}, []pkg.FlatEntry{
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "."},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "checksum"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9"},
+			{Mode: 0400, Path: "checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9/check", Data: []byte{0}},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU"},
+			{Mode: 0400, Path: "checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb", Data: []byte{}},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "identifier"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/_gAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA", Data: []byte("../checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/dztPS6jRjiZtCF4_p8AzfnxGp6obkhrgFVsxdodbKWUoAEVtDz3MykepJB4kI_ks", Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK", Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "temp"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "work"},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("Q5DluWQCAeohLoiGRImurwFp3vdz9IfQCoj7Fuhh73s4KQPRHpEQEnHTdNHmB8Fx"), nil},
+
+		{"testtool net", fstest.MapFS{
+			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+
+			"check": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte("net")},
+		}, []pkg.FlatEntry{
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "."},
+
+			{Mode: 0400, Path: "check", Data: []byte("net")},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("a1F_i9PVQI4qMcoHgTQkORuyWLkC1GLIxOhDt2JpU1NGAxWc5VJzdlfRK-PYBh3W"), nil},
+
+		{"sample exec net container", fstest.MapFS{
+			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+
+			"checksum": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU":       {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+			"checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb":       {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{}},
+			"checksum/a1F_i9PVQI4qMcoHgTQkORuyWLkC1GLIxOhDt2JpU1NGAxWc5VJzdlfRK-PYBh3W":       {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+			"checksum/a1F_i9PVQI4qMcoHgTQkORuyWLkC1GLIxOhDt2JpU1NGAxWc5VJzdlfRK-PYBh3W/check": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte("net")},
+
+			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"identifier/G8qPxD9puvvoOVV7lrT80eyDeIl3G_CCFoKw12c8mCjMdG1zF7NEPkwYpNubClK3": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/a1F_i9PVQI4qMcoHgTQkORuyWLkC1GLIxOhDt2JpU1NGAxWc5VJzdlfRK-PYBh3W")},
+			"identifier/_gAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb")},
+			"identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+
+			"temp": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+		}, []pkg.FlatEntry{
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "."},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "checksum"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU"},
+			{Mode: 0400, Path: "checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb", Data: []byte{}},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/a1F_i9PVQI4qMcoHgTQkORuyWLkC1GLIxOhDt2JpU1NGAxWc5VJzdlfRK-PYBh3W"},
+			{Mode: 0400, Path: "checksum/a1F_i9PVQI4qMcoHgTQkORuyWLkC1GLIxOhDt2JpU1NGAxWc5VJzdlfRK-PYBh3W/check", Data: []byte("net")},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "identifier"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/G8qPxD9puvvoOVV7lrT80eyDeIl3G_CCFoKw12c8mCjMdG1zF7NEPkwYpNubClK3", Data: []byte("../checksum/a1F_i9PVQI4qMcoHgTQkORuyWLkC1GLIxOhDt2JpU1NGAxWc5VJzdlfRK-PYBh3W")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/_gAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA", Data: []byte("../checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK", Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "temp"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "work"},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("bPYvvqxpfV7xcC1EptqyKNK1klLJgYHMDkzBcoOyK6j_Aj5hb0mXNPwTwPSK5F6Z"), nil},
+
+		{"sample exec container overlay root", fstest.MapFS{
+			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+
+			"checksum": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9":       {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+			"checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9/check": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{0}},
+			"checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU":       {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+
+			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"identifier/RdMA-mubnrHuu3Ky1wWyxauSYCO0ZH_zCPUj3uDHqkfwv5sGcByoF_g5PjlGiClb": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
+			"identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+
+			"temp": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+		}, []pkg.FlatEntry{
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "."},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "checksum"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9"},
+			{Mode: 0400, Path: "checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9/check", Data: []byte{0}},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU"},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "identifier"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/RdMA-mubnrHuu3Ky1wWyxauSYCO0ZH_zCPUj3uDHqkfwv5sGcByoF_g5PjlGiClb", Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK", Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "temp"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "work"},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("PO2DSSCa4yoSgEYRcCSZfQfwow1yRigL3Ry-hI0RDI4aGuFBha-EfXeSJnG_5_Rl"), nil},
+
+		{"sample exec container overlay work", fstest.MapFS{
+			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+
+			"checksum": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9":       {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+			"checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9/check": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{0}},
+			"checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU":       {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+
+			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"identifier/5hlaukCirnXE4W_RSLJFOZN47Z5RiHnacXzdFp_70cLgiJUGR6cSb_HaFftkzi0-": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
+			"identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+
+			"temp": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+		}, []pkg.FlatEntry{
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "."},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "checksum"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9"},
+			{Mode: 0400, Path: "checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9/check", Data: []byte{0}},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU"},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "identifier"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/5hlaukCirnXE4W_RSLJFOZN47Z5RiHnacXzdFp_70cLgiJUGR6cSb_HaFftkzi0-", Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK", Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "temp"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "work"},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("iaRt6l_Wm2n-h5UsDewZxQkCmjZjyL8r7wv32QT2kyV55-Lx09Dq4gfg9BiwPnKs"), nil},
+
+		{"sample exec container multiple layers", fstest.MapFS{
+			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+
+			"checksum": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9":       {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+			"checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9/check": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{0}},
+			"checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU":       {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+			"checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb":       {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{}},
+			"checksum/nY_CUdiaUM1OL4cPr5TS92FCJ3rCRV7Hm5oVTzAvMXwC03_QnTRfQ5PPs7mOU9fK":       {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+			"checksum/nY_CUdiaUM1OL4cPr5TS92FCJ3rCRV7Hm5oVTzAvMXwC03_QnTRfQ5PPs7mOU9fK/check": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte("layers")},
+
+			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"identifier/_gAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb")},
+			"identifier/B-kc5iJMx8GtlCua4dz6BiJHnDAOUfPjgpbKq4e-QEn0_CZkSYs3fOA1ve06qMs2": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/nY_CUdiaUM1OL4cPr5TS92FCJ3rCRV7Hm5oVTzAvMXwC03_QnTRfQ5PPs7mOU9fK")},
+			"identifier/p1t_drXr34i-jZNuxDMLaMOdL6tZvQqhavNafGynGqxOZoXAUTSn7kqNh3Ovv3DT": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
+			"identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+
+			"temp": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+		}, []pkg.FlatEntry{
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "."},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "checksum"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9"},
+			{Mode: 0400, Path: "checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9/check", Data: []byte{0}},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU"},
+			{Mode: 0400, Path: "checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb", Data: []byte{}},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/nY_CUdiaUM1OL4cPr5TS92FCJ3rCRV7Hm5oVTzAvMXwC03_QnTRfQ5PPs7mOU9fK"},
+			{Mode: 0400, Path: "checksum/nY_CUdiaUM1OL4cPr5TS92FCJ3rCRV7Hm5oVTzAvMXwC03_QnTRfQ5PPs7mOU9fK/check", Data: []byte("layers")},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "identifier"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/B-kc5iJMx8GtlCua4dz6BiJHnDAOUfPjgpbKq4e-QEn0_CZkSYs3fOA1ve06qMs2", Data: []byte("../checksum/nY_CUdiaUM1OL4cPr5TS92FCJ3rCRV7Hm5oVTzAvMXwC03_QnTRfQ5PPs7mOU9fK")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/_gAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA", Data: []byte("../checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/p1t_drXr34i-jZNuxDMLaMOdL6tZvQqhavNafGynGqxOZoXAUTSn7kqNh3Ovv3DT", Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK", Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "temp"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "work"},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("O2YzyR7IUGU5J2CADy0hUZ3A5NkP_Vwzs4UadEdn2oMZZVWRtH0xZGJ3HXiimTnZ"), nil},
+
+		{"sample exec container layer promotion", fstest.MapFS{
+			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+
+			"checksum": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9":       {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+			"checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9/check": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{0}},
+			"checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU":       {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
+
+			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"identifier/kvJIqZo5DKFOxC2ZQ-8_nPaQzEAz9cIm3p6guO-uLqm-xaiPu7oRkSnsu411jd_U": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+			"identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+			"identifier/xXTIYcXmgJWNLC91c417RRrNM9cjELwEZHpGvf8Fk_GNP5agRJp_SicD0w9aMeLJ": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
+
+			"temp": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+		}, []pkg.FlatEntry{
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "."},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "checksum"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9"},
+			{Mode: 0400, Path: "checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9/check", Data: []byte{0}},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500, Path: "checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU"},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "identifier"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/kvJIqZo5DKFOxC2ZQ-8_nPaQzEAz9cIm3p6guO-uLqm-xaiPu7oRkSnsu411jd_U", Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK", Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/xXTIYcXmgJWNLC91c417RRrNM9cjELwEZHpGvf8Fk_GNP5agRJp_SicD0w9aMeLJ", Data: []byte("../checksum/GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9")},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "temp"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "work"},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("3EaW6WibLi9gl03_UieiFPaFcPy5p4x3JPxrnLJxGaTI-bh3HU9DK9IMx7c3rrNm"), nil},
+
+		{"sample file short", fstest.MapFS{
+			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+
+			"checksum": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"checksum/vsAhtPNo4waRNOASwrQwcIPTqb3SBuJOXw2G4T1mNmVZM-wrQTRllmgXqcIIoRcX": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{0}},
+
+			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"identifier/3376ALA7hIUm2LbzH2fDvRezgzod1eTK_G6XjyOgbM2u-6swvkFaF0BOwSl_juBi": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/vsAhtPNo4waRNOASwrQwcIPTqb3SBuJOXw2G4T1mNmVZM-wrQTRllmgXqcIIoRcX")},
+
+			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+		}, []pkg.FlatEntry{
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "."},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "checksum"},
+			{Mode: 0400, Path: "checksum/vsAhtPNo4waRNOASwrQwcIPTqb3SBuJOXw2G4T1mNmVZM-wrQTRllmgXqcIIoRcX", Data: []byte{0}},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "identifier"},
+			{Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Path: "identifier/3376ALA7hIUm2LbzH2fDvRezgzod1eTK_G6XjyOgbM2u-6swvkFaF0BOwSl_juBi", Data: []byte("../checksum/vsAhtPNo4waRNOASwrQwcIPTqb3SBuJOXw2G4T1mNmVZM-wrQTRllmgXqcIIoRcX")},
+
+			{Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700, Path: "work"},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("iR6H5OIsyOW4EwEgtm9rGzGF6DVtyHLySEtwnFE8bnus9VJcoCbR4JIek7Lw-vwT"), nil},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {

internal/pkg/exec.go

@@ -9,10 +9,8 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"os/exec"
 	"path/filepath"
-	"runtime"
 	"slices"
 	"strconv"
-	"sync"
 	"syscall"
 	"time"
 	"unique"
@@ -96,32 +94,6 @@ func MustPath(pathname string, writable bool, a ...Artifact) ExecPath {
 	return ExecPath{check.MustAbs(pathname), a, writable}
 }
 
-var (
-	binfmt   map[string]container.BinfmtEntry
-	binfmtMu sync.RWMutex
-)
-
-// RegisterArch arranges for [KindExec] and [KindExecNet] to support a new
-// architecture via a binfmt_misc entry. Each architecture must be registered
-// at most once.
-func RegisterArch(arch string, e container.BinfmtEntry) {
-	if arch == "" {
-		panic(UnsupportedArchError(arch))
-	}
-
-	binfmtMu.Lock()
-	defer binfmtMu.Unlock()
-
-	if binfmt == nil {
-		binfmt = make(map[string]container.BinfmtEntry)
-	}
-
-	if _, ok := binfmt[arch]; ok {
-		panic("attempting to register " + strconv.Quote(arch) + " twice")
-	}
-	binfmt[arch] = e
-}
-
 const (
 	// ExecTimeoutDefault replaces out of range [NewExec] timeout values.
 	ExecTimeoutDefault = 15 * time.Minute
@@ -138,8 +110,6 @@ type execArtifact struct {
 	// Caller-supplied user-facing reporting name, guaranteed to be nonzero
 	// during initialisation.
 	name string
-	// Target architecture.
-	arch string
 	// Caller-supplied inner mount points.
 	paths []ExecPath
 
@@ -162,40 +132,28 @@ type execArtifact struct {
 
 var _ fmt.Stringer = new(execArtifact)
 
-// execMeasuredArtifact is like execArtifact but implements [KnownChecksum] and
-// has its resulting container optionally keep the host net namespace.
-type execMeasuredArtifact struct {
+// execNetArtifact is like execArtifact but implements [KnownChecksum] and has
+// its resulting container keep the host net namespace.
+type execNetArtifact struct {
 	checksum Checksum
 
-	// Whether to keep host net namespace.
-	hostNet bool
-
 	execArtifact
 }
 
-var _ KnownChecksum = new(execMeasuredArtifact)
+var _ KnownChecksum = new(execNetArtifact)
 
 // Checksum returns the caller-supplied checksum.
-func (a *execMeasuredArtifact) Checksum() Checksum { return a.checksum }
+func (a *execNetArtifact) Checksum() Checksum { return a.checksum }
 
-// Kind returns [KindExecNet], or [KindExec] if hostNet is false.
-func (a *execMeasuredArtifact) Kind() Kind {
-	if a == nil || a.hostNet {
-		return KindExecNet
-	}
-	return KindExec
-}
+// Kind returns the hardcoded [Kind] constant.
+func (*execNetArtifact) Kind() Kind { return KindExecNet }
 
 // Cure cures the [Artifact] in the container described by the caller. The
-// container optionally retains host networking.
-func (a *execMeasuredArtifact) Cure(f *FContext) error {
-	return a.cure(f, a.hostNet)
+// container retains host networking.
+func (a *execNetArtifact) Cure(f *FContext) error {
+	return a.cure(f, true)
 }
 
-// ErrNetChecksum is panicked by [NewExec] if host net namespace is requested
-// with a nil checksum.
-var ErrNetChecksum = errors.New("attempting to keep net namespace without checksum")
-
 // NewExec returns a new [Artifact] that executes the program path in a
 // container with specified paths bind mounted read-only in order. A private
 // instance of /proc and /dev is made available to the container.
@@ -209,7 +167,7 @@ var ErrNetChecksum = errors.New("attempting to keep net namespace without checks
 // regular or symlink.
 //
 // If checksum is non-nil, the resulting [Artifact] implements [KnownChecksum]
-// and its container optionally runs in the host net namespace.
+// and its container runs in the host net namespace.
 //
 // The container is allowed to run for the specified duration before the initial
 // process and all processes originating from it is terminated. A zero or
@@ -220,10 +178,10 @@ var ErrNetChecksum = errors.New("attempting to keep net namespace without checks
 // container and does not affect curing outcome. Because of this, it is omitted
 // from parameter data for computing identifier.
 func NewExec(
-	name, arch string,
+	name string,
 	checksum *Checksum,
 	timeout time.Duration,
-	hostNet, exclusive bool,
+	exclusive bool,
 
 	dir *check.Absolute,
 	env []string,
@@ -235,23 +193,17 @@ func NewExec(
 	if name == "" {
 		name = "exec-" + filepath.Base(pathname.String())
 	}
-	if arch == "" {
-		arch = runtime.GOARCH
-	}
 	if timeout <= 0 {
 		timeout = ExecTimeoutDefault
 	}
 	if timeout > ExecTimeoutMax {
 		timeout = ExecTimeoutMax
 	}
-	a := execArtifact{name, arch, paths, dir, env, pathname, args, timeout, exclusive}
+	a := execArtifact{name, paths, dir, env, pathname, args, timeout, exclusive}
 	if checksum == nil {
-		if hostNet {
-			panic(ErrNetChecksum)
-		}
 		return &a
 	}
-	return &execMeasuredArtifact{*checksum, hostNet, a}
+	return &execNetArtifact{*checksum, a}
 }
 
 // Kind returns the hardcoded [Kind] constant.
@@ -259,7 +211,6 @@ func (*execArtifact) Kind() Kind { return KindExec }
 
 // Params writes paths, executable pathname and args.
 func (a *execArtifact) Params(ctx *IContext) {
-	ctx.WriteString(a.arch)
 	ctx.WriteString(a.name)
 
 	ctx.WriteUint32(uint32(len(a.paths)))
@@ -306,26 +257,11 @@ func (a *execArtifact) Params(ctx *IContext) {
 	}
 }
 
-// UnsupportedArchError describes an unsupported or invalid architecture.
-type UnsupportedArchError string
-
-func (e UnsupportedArchError) Error() string {
-	if e == "" {
-		return "invalid architecture name"
-	}
-	return "unsupported architecture " + string(e)
-}
-
 // readExecArtifact interprets IR values and returns the address of execArtifact
 // or execNetArtifact.
 func readExecArtifact(r *IRReader, net bool) Artifact {
 	r.DiscardAll()
 
-	arch := r.ReadString()
-	if arch == "" {
-		panic(UnsupportedArchError(arch))
-	}
-
 	name := r.ReadString()
 
 	sz := r.ReadUint32()
@@ -376,17 +312,22 @@ func readExecArtifact(r *IRReader, net bool) Artifact {
 	exclusive := r.ReadUint32() != 0
 
 	checksum, ok := r.Finalise()
-	var checksumP *Checksum
-	if ok {
-		checksumP = new(checksum.Value())
-	}
 
-	if net && !ok {
-		panic(ErrExpectedChecksum)
+	var checksumP *Checksum
+	if net {
+		if !ok {
+			panic(ErrExpectedChecksum)
+		}
+		checksumVal := checksum.Value()
+		checksumP = &checksumVal
+	} else {
+		if ok {
+			panic(ErrUnexpectedChecksum)
+		}
 	}
 
 	return NewExec(
-		name, arch, checksumP, timeout, net, exclusive, dir, env, pathname, args, paths...,
+		name, checksumP, timeout, exclusive, dir, env, pathname, args, paths...,
 	)
 }
 
@@ -495,23 +436,11 @@ func (a *execArtifact) makeContainer(
 	if z.HostNet {
 		z.Hostname = "cure-net"
 	}
-	z.Quiet = flags&CSuppressInit != 0
 	z.Uid, z.Gid = (1<<10)-1, (1<<10)-1
 	z.Dir, z.Path, z.Args = a.dir, a.path, a.args
 	z.Env = slices.Concat(a.env, []string{EnvJobs + "=" + strconv.Itoa(jobs)})
 	z.Grow(len(a.paths) + 4)
 
-	if a.arch != runtime.GOARCH {
-		binfmtMu.RLock()
-		e, ok := binfmt[a.arch]
-		binfmtMu.RUnlock()
-		if !ok {
-			return nil, UnsupportedArchError(a.arch)
-		}
-		z.Binfmt = []container.BinfmtEntry{e}
-		z.InitAsRoot = true
-	}
-
 	for i, b := range a.paths {
 		if i == overlayWorkIndex {
 			if err = os.MkdirAll(work.String(), 0700); err != nil {
@@ -598,9 +527,9 @@ func (c *Cache) EnterExec(
 	case *execArtifact:
 		e = f
 
-	case *execMeasuredArtifact:
+	case *execNetArtifact:
 		e = &f.execArtifact
-		hostNet = f.hostNet
+		hostNet = true
 
 	default:
 		return ErrNotExec
@@ -701,6 +630,12 @@ func (a *execArtifact) cure(f *FContext, hostNet bool) (err error) {
 			_ = stdout.Close()
 			return
 		}
+		defer func() {
+			if err != nil && !errors.As(err, new(*exec.ExitError)) {
+				_ = stdout.Close()
+				_ = stderr.Close()
+			}
+		}()
 
 		brStdout, brStderr := f.cache.getReader(stdout), f.cache.getReader(stderr)
 		stdoutDone, stderrDone := make(chan struct{}), make(chan struct{})
@@ -715,11 +650,6 @@ func (a *execArtifact) cure(f *FContext, hostNet bool) (err error) {
 			io.TeeReader(brStderr, status),
 		)
 		defer func() {
-			if err != nil && !errors.As(err, new(*exec.ExitError)) {
-				_ = stdout.Close()
-				_ = stderr.Close()
-			}
-
 			<-stdoutDone
 			<-stderrDone
 			f.cache.putReader(brStdout)

internal/pkg/exec_test.go

@@ -1,70 +1,44 @@
 package pkg_test
 
+//go:generate env CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -tags testtool -o testdata/testtool ./testdata
+
 import (
-	"bytes"
 	_ "embed"
 	"encoding/gob"
 	"errors"
-	"io/fs"
 	"net"
 	"os"
 	"os/exec"
-	"path/filepath"
 	"slices"
 	"testing"
+	"unique"
 
 	"hakurei.app/check"
-	"hakurei.app/container"
 	"hakurei.app/hst"
-	"hakurei.app/internal/info"
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 	"hakurei.app/internal/stub"
-
-	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg/internal/testtool/expected"
 )
 
 // testtoolBin is the container test tool binary made available to the
 // execArtifact for testing its curing environment.
 //
-//go:generate env CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -tags testtool -o internal/testtool ./internal/testtool
-//go:embed internal/testtool/testtool
+//go:embed testdata/testtool
 var testtoolBin []byte
 
-func init() {
-	pathname, err := filepath.Abs("internal/testtool/testtool")
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-	pkg.RegisterArch("cafe", container.BinfmtEntry{
-		Magic:       expected.Magic,
-		Interpreter: check.MustAbs(pathname),
-	})
-}
-
 func TestExec(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	wantOffline := expectsFS{
-		".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-
-		"check": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{0}},
-	}
-	wantOfflineEncode := pkg.Encode(wantOffline.hash())
-	failingArtifact := &stubArtifact{
-		kind:   pkg.KindTar,
-		params: []byte("doomed artifact"),
-		cure: func(t *pkg.TContext) error {
-			return stub.UniqueError(0xcafe)
-		},
-	}
+	wantChecksumOffline := pkg.MustDecode(
+		"GPa4aBakdSJd7Tz7LYj_VJFoojzyZinmVcG3k6M5xI6CZ821J5sXLhLDDuS47gi9",
+	)
 
 	checkWithCache(t, []cacheTestCase{
-		{"offline", pkg.CValidateKnown | checkDestroySubstitutes, nil, func(t *testing.T, base *check.Absolute, c *pkg.Cache) {
+		{"offline", pkg.CValidateKnown, nil, func(t *testing.T, base *check.Absolute, c *pkg.Cache) {
 			testtool, testtoolDestroy := newTesttool()
 
 			cureMany(t, c, []cureStep{
 				{"container", pkg.NewExec(
-					"exec-offline", "", new(wantOffline.hash()), 0, false, false,
+					"exec-offline", nil, 0, false,
 					pkg.AbsWork,
 					[]string{"HAKUREI_TEST=1"},
 					check.MustAbs("/opt/bin/testtool"),
@@ -84,128 +58,67 @@ func TestExec(t *testing.T) {
 						},
 					}),
 					pkg.MustPath("/opt", false, testtool),
-				), ignorePathname, wantOffline, nil},
-
-				{"substitution", pkg.NewExec(
-					"exec-offline", "", new(wantOffline.hash()), 0, false, false,
-					pkg.AbsWork,
-					[]string{"HAKUREI_TEST=1"},
-					check.MustAbs("/opt/bin/testtool"),
-					[]string{"testtool"},
-
-					pkg.MustPath("/file", false, newStubFile(
-						pkg.KindHTTPGet,
-						pkg.ID{0xfe, 0},
-						nil,
-						nil, nil,
-					)),
-					// substitution miss fails in testtool due to differing idents
-					pkg.MustPath("/.hakurei", false, &stubArtifact{
-						kind:   pkg.KindTar,
-						params: []byte("empty directory (substituted)"),
-						cure: func(t *pkg.TContext) error {
-							return os.MkdirAll(t.GetWorkDir().String(), 0700)
-						},
-					}),
-					pkg.MustPath("/opt", false, testtool),
-				), ignorePathname, wantOffline, nil},
+				), ignorePathname, wantChecksumOffline, nil},
 
 				{"error passthrough", pkg.NewExec(
-					"", "", nil, 0, false, true,
+					"", nil, 0, true,
 					pkg.AbsWork,
 					[]string{"HAKUREI_TEST=1"},
 					check.MustAbs("/opt/bin/testtool"),
 					[]string{"testtool"},
 
-					pkg.MustPath("/proc/nonexistent", false, failingArtifact),
-				), nil, nil, &pkg.DependencyCureError{
+					pkg.MustPath("/proc/nonexistent", false, &stubArtifact{
+						kind:   pkg.KindTar,
+						params: []byte("doomed artifact"),
+						cure: func(t *pkg.TContext) error {
+							return stub.UniqueError(0xcafe)
+						},
+					}),
+				), nil, pkg.Checksum{}, &pkg.DependencyCureError{
 					{
-						A:   failingArtifact,
+						Ident: unique.Make(pkg.ID(pkg.MustDecode(
+							"Sowo6oZRmG6xVtUaxB6bDWZhVsqAJsIJWUp0OPKlE103cY0lodx7dem8J-qQF0Z1",
+						))),
 						Err: stub.UniqueError(0xcafe),
 					},
 				}},
 
 				{"invalid paths", pkg.NewExec(
-					"", "", nil, 0, false, false,
+					"", nil, 0, false,
 					pkg.AbsWork,
 					[]string{"HAKUREI_TEST=1"},
 					check.MustAbs("/opt/bin/testtool"),
 					[]string{"testtool"},
 
 					pkg.ExecPath{},
-				), nil, nil, pkg.ErrInvalidPaths},
+				), nil, pkg.Checksum{}, pkg.ErrInvalidPaths},
 			})
 
 			// check init failure passthrough
-			initFailureArtifact := pkg.NewExec(
-				"", "", nil, 0, false, false,
+			var exitError *exec.ExitError
+			if _, _, err := c.Cure(pkg.NewExec(
+				"", nil, 0, false,
 				pkg.AbsWork,
 				nil,
 				check.MustAbs("/opt/bin/testtool"),
 				[]string{"testtool"},
-			)
-			var exitError *exec.ExitError
-			if _, _, err := c.Cure(initFailureArtifact); !errors.As(err, &exitError) ||
+			)); !errors.As(err, &exitError) ||
 				exitError.ExitCode() != hst.ExitFailure {
 				t.Fatalf("Cure: error = %v, want init exit status 1", err)
 			}
 
-			var faultStatus []byte
-			if faults, err := c.ReadFaults(initFailureArtifact); err != nil {
-				t.Fatal(err)
-			} else if len(faults) != 1 {
-				t.Fatalf("ReadFaults: %v", faults)
-			} else if faultStatus, err = os.ReadFile(faults[0].String()); err != nil {
-				t.Fatal(err)
-			} else if err = faults[0].Destroy(); err != nil {
-				t.Fatal(err)
-			} else {
-				t.Logf("destroyed expected fault at %s", faults[0].Time().UTC())
-			}
-
-			if !bytes.HasPrefix(faultStatus, []byte(
-				"internal/pkg ",
-			)) || !bytes.Contains(faultStatus, []byte(
-				"\ninit: fork/exec /opt/bin/testtool: no such file or directory\n",
-			)) {
-				t.Errorf("unexpected status:\n%s", string(faultStatus))
-			}
-
-			destroyStatus(t, base, 2, 1)
 			testtoolDestroy(t, base, c)
-		}, expectsFS{
-			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("Q5DluWQCAeohLoiGRImurwFp3vdz9IfQCoj7Fuhh73s4KQPRHpEQEnHTdNHmB8Fx")},
 
-			"checksum":                                 {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"checksum/" + wantOfflineEncode:            {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-			"checksum/" + wantOfflineEncode + "/check": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{0}},
-			"checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-			"checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{}},
-
-			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"identifier/IY91PCtOpCYy21AaIK0c9f8-Z6fb2_2ewoHWkt4dxoLf0GOrWqS8yAGFLV84b1Dw": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/" + wantOfflineEncode)},
-			"identifier/QwS7SmiatdqryQYgESdGw7Yw2PcpNf0vNfpvUA0t92BTlKiUjfCrXyMW17G2X77X": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
-			"identifier/_gAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb")},
-			"identifier/" + expected.Offline:                                              {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/" + wantOfflineEncode)},
-			"identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
-
-			"substitute": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-
-			"temp": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-		}},
-
-		{"net", pkg.CValidateKnown | checkDestroySubstitutes, nil, func(t *testing.T, base *check.Absolute, c *pkg.Cache) {
+		{"net", pkg.CValidateKnown, nil, func(t *testing.T, base *check.Absolute, c *pkg.Cache) {
 			testtool, testtoolDestroy := newTesttool()
 
-			wantNet := expectsFS{
-				".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-
-				"check": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte("net")},
-			}
+			wantChecksum := pkg.MustDecode(
+				"a1F_i9PVQI4qMcoHgTQkORuyWLkC1GLIxOhDt2JpU1NGAxWc5VJzdlfRK-PYBh3W",
+			)
 			cureMany(t, c, []cureStep{
 				{"container", pkg.NewExec(
-					"exec-net", "", new(wantNet.hash()), 0, true, false,
+					"exec-net", &wantChecksum, 0, false,
 					pkg.AbsWork,
 					[]string{"HAKUREI_TEST=1"},
 					check.MustAbs("/opt/bin/testtool"),
@@ -225,37 +138,18 @@ func TestExec(t *testing.T) {
 						},
 					}),
 					pkg.MustPath("/opt", false, testtool),
-				), ignorePathname, wantNet, nil},
+				), ignorePathname, wantChecksum, nil},
 			})
 
-			destroyStatus(t, base, 2, 0)
 			testtoolDestroy(t, base, c)
-		}, expectsFS{
-			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("bPYvvqxpfV7xcC1EptqyKNK1klLJgYHMDkzBcoOyK6j_Aj5hb0mXNPwTwPSK5F6Z")},
 
-			"checksum": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU":       {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-			"checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb":       {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{}},
-			"checksum/a1F_i9PVQI4qMcoHgTQkORuyWLkC1GLIxOhDt2JpU1NGAxWc5VJzdlfRK-PYBh3W":       {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-			"checksum/a1F_i9PVQI4qMcoHgTQkORuyWLkC1GLIxOhDt2JpU1NGAxWc5VJzdlfRK-PYBh3W/check": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte("net")},
-
-			"identifier":                 {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"identifier/" + expected.Net: {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/a1F_i9PVQI4qMcoHgTQkORuyWLkC1GLIxOhDt2JpU1NGAxWc5VJzdlfRK-PYBh3W")},
-			"identifier/_gAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb")},
-			"identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
-
-			"substitute": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-
-			"temp": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-		}},
-
-		{"overlay root", pkg.CValidateKnown | checkDestroySubstitutes, nil, func(t *testing.T, base *check.Absolute, c *pkg.Cache) {
+		{"overlay root", pkg.CValidateKnown, nil, func(t *testing.T, base *check.Absolute, c *pkg.Cache) {
 			testtool, testtoolDestroy := newTesttool()
 
 			cureMany(t, c, []cureStep{
 				{"container", pkg.NewExec(
-					"exec-overlay-root", "", nil, 0, false, false,
+					"exec-overlay-root", nil, 0, false,
 					pkg.AbsWork,
 					[]string{"HAKUREI_TEST=1", "HAKUREI_ROOT=1"},
 					check.MustAbs("/opt/bin/testtool"),
@@ -269,35 +163,18 @@ func TestExec(t *testing.T) {
 						},
 					}),
 					pkg.MustPath("/opt", false, testtool),
-				), ignorePathname, wantOffline, nil},
+				), ignorePathname, wantChecksumOffline, nil},
 			})
 
-			destroyStatus(t, base, 2, 0)
 			testtoolDestroy(t, base, c)
-		}, expectsFS{
-			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("PO2DSSCa4yoSgEYRcCSZfQfwow1yRigL3Ry-hI0RDI4aGuFBha-EfXeSJnG_5_Rl")},
 
-			"checksum":                                 {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"checksum/" + wantOfflineEncode:            {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-			"checksum/" + wantOfflineEncode + "/check": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{0}},
-			"checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-
-			"identifier":                     {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"identifier/" + expected.OvlRoot: {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/" + wantOfflineEncode)},
-			"identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
-
-			"substitute": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-
-			"temp": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-		}},
-
-		{"overlay work", pkg.CValidateKnown | checkDestroySubstitutes, nil, func(t *testing.T, base *check.Absolute, c *pkg.Cache) {
+		{"overlay work", pkg.CValidateKnown, nil, func(t *testing.T, base *check.Absolute, c *pkg.Cache) {
 			testtool, testtoolDestroy := newTesttool()
 
 			cureMany(t, c, []cureStep{
 				{"container", pkg.NewExec(
-					"exec-overlay-work", "", nil, 0, false, false,
+					"exec-overlay-work", nil, 0, false,
 					pkg.AbsWork,
 					[]string{"HAKUREI_TEST=1", "HAKUREI_ROOT=1"},
 					check.MustAbs("/work/bin/testtool"),
@@ -316,35 +193,18 @@ func TestExec(t *testing.T) {
 							return os.MkdirAll(t.GetWorkDir().String(), 0700)
 						},
 					}), pkg.Path(pkg.AbsWork, false /* ignored */, testtool),
-				), ignorePathname, wantOffline, nil},
+				), ignorePathname, wantChecksumOffline, nil},
 			})
 
-			destroyStatus(t, base, 2, 0)
 			testtoolDestroy(t, base, c)
-		}, expectsFS{
-			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("iaRt6l_Wm2n-h5UsDewZxQkCmjZjyL8r7wv32QT2kyV55-Lx09Dq4gfg9BiwPnKs")},
 
-			"checksum":                                 {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"checksum/" + wantOfflineEncode:            {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-			"checksum/" + wantOfflineEncode + "/check": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{0}},
-			"checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-
-			"identifier":                  {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"identifier/" + expected.Work: {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/" + wantOfflineEncode)},
-			"identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
-
-			"substitute": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-
-			"temp": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-		}},
-
-		{"multiple layers", pkg.CValidateKnown | checkDestroySubstitutes, nil, func(t *testing.T, base *check.Absolute, c *pkg.Cache) {
+		{"multiple layers", pkg.CValidateKnown, nil, func(t *testing.T, base *check.Absolute, c *pkg.Cache) {
 			testtool, testtoolDestroy := newTesttool()
 
 			cureMany(t, c, []cureStep{
 				{"container", pkg.NewExec(
-					"exec-multiple-layers", "", nil, 0, false, false,
+					"exec-multiple-layers", nil, 0, false,
 					pkg.AbsWork,
 					[]string{"HAKUREI_TEST=1", "HAKUREI_ROOT=1"},
 					check.MustAbs("/opt/bin/testtool"),
@@ -385,40 +245,18 @@ func TestExec(t *testing.T) {
 						},
 					}),
 					pkg.MustPath("/opt", false, testtool),
-				), ignorePathname, wantOffline, nil},
+				), ignorePathname, wantChecksumOffline, nil},
 			})
 
-			destroyStatus(t, base, 2, 0)
 			testtoolDestroy(t, base, c)
-		}, expectsFS{
-			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("O2YzyR7IUGU5J2CADy0hUZ3A5NkP_Vwzs4UadEdn2oMZZVWRtH0xZGJ3HXiimTnZ")},
 
-			"checksum":                                 {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"checksum/" + wantOfflineEncode:            {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-			"checksum/" + wantOfflineEncode + "/check": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{0}},
-			"checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU":       {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-			"checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb":       {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{}},
-			"checksum/nY_CUdiaUM1OL4cPr5TS92FCJ3rCRV7Hm5oVTzAvMXwC03_QnTRfQ5PPs7mOU9fK":       {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-			"checksum/nY_CUdiaUM1OL4cPr5TS92FCJ3rCRV7Hm5oVTzAvMXwC03_QnTRfQ5PPs7mOU9fK/check": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte("layers")},
-
-			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"identifier/_gAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb")},
-			"identifier/B-kc5iJMx8GtlCua4dz6BiJHnDAOUfPjgpbKq4e-QEn0_CZkSYs3fOA1ve06qMs2": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/nY_CUdiaUM1OL4cPr5TS92FCJ3rCRV7Hm5oVTzAvMXwC03_QnTRfQ5PPs7mOU9fK")},
-			"identifier/" + expected.Layers:                                               {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/" + wantOfflineEncode)},
-			"identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
-
-			"substitute": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-
-			"temp": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-		}},
-
-		{"overlay layer promotion", pkg.CValidateKnown | checkDestroySubstitutes, nil, func(t *testing.T, base *check.Absolute, c *pkg.Cache) {
+		{"overlay layer promotion", pkg.CValidateKnown, nil, func(t *testing.T, base *check.Absolute, c *pkg.Cache) {
 			testtool, testtoolDestroy := newTesttool()
 
 			cureMany(t, c, []cureStep{
 				{"container", pkg.NewExec(
-					"exec-layer-promotion", "", nil, 0, false, true,
+					"exec-layer-promotion", nil, 0, true,
 					pkg.AbsWork,
 					[]string{"HAKUREI_TEST=1", "HAKUREI_ROOT=1"},
 					check.MustAbs("/opt/bin/testtool"),
@@ -438,96 +276,11 @@ func TestExec(t *testing.T) {
 						},
 					}),
 					pkg.MustPath("/opt", false, testtool),
-				), ignorePathname, wantOffline, nil},
+				), ignorePathname, wantChecksumOffline, nil},
 			})
 
-			destroyStatus(t, base, 2, 0)
 			testtoolDestroy(t, base, c)
-		}, expectsFS{
-			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-
-			"checksum":                                 {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"checksum/" + wantOfflineEncode:            {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-			"checksum/" + wantOfflineEncode + "/check": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{0}},
-			"checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-
-			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"identifier/kvJIqZo5DKFOxC2ZQ-8_nPaQzEAz9cIm3p6guO-uLqm-xaiPu7oRkSnsu411jd_U": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
-			"identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
-			"identifier/" + expected.Promote:                                              {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/" + wantOfflineEncode)},
-
-			"substitute": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-
-			"temp": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-		}},
-
-		{"binfmt", pkg.CValidateKnown | checkDestroySubstitutes, nil, func(t *testing.T, base *check.Absolute, c *pkg.Cache) {
-			if info.CanDegrade && os.Getenv("ROSA_SKIP_BINFMT") != "" {
-				t.Skip("binfmt_misc test explicitly skipped")
-			}
-
-			cureMany(t, c, []cureStep{
-				{"container", pkg.NewExec(
-					"exec-binfmt", "cafe", nil, 0, false, true,
-					pkg.AbsWork,
-					[]string{"HAKUREI_TEST=1", "HAKUREI_BINFMT=1"},
-					check.MustAbs("/opt/bin/sample"),
-					[]string{"sample"},
-
-					pkg.MustPath("/", true, &stubArtifact{
-						kind:   pkg.KindTar,
-						params: []byte("empty directory"),
-						cure: func(t *pkg.TContext) error {
-							return os.MkdirAll(t.GetWorkDir().String(), 0700)
-						},
-					}),
-					pkg.MustPath("/opt", false, overrideIdent{pkg.ID{0xfe, 0xff}, &stubArtifact{
-						kind: pkg.KindTar,
-						cure: func(t *pkg.TContext) error {
-							work := t.GetWorkDir()
-							if err := os.MkdirAll(
-								work.Append("bin").String(),
-								0700,
-							); err != nil {
-								return err
-							}
-
-							return os.WriteFile(t.GetWorkDir().Append(
-								"bin",
-								"sample",
-							).String(), []byte(expected.Full), 0500)
-						},
-					}}),
-				), ignorePathname, expectsFS{
-					".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-
-					"check": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte("binfmt")},
-				}, nil},
-			})
-
-			destroyStatus(t, base, 2, 0)
-		}, expectsFS{
-			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-
-			"checksum": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"checksum/5aevg3YpDxjqQZ-pdvXK7YqgkL5JKqcoStYQxeD96kuYar6K2mRQWMHib6NQRnpV":            {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-			"checksum/5aevg3YpDxjqQZ-pdvXK7YqgkL5JKqcoStYQxeD96kuYar6K2mRQWMHib6NQRnpV/bin":        {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"checksum/5aevg3YpDxjqQZ-pdvXK7YqgkL5JKqcoStYQxeD96kuYar6K2mRQWMHib6NQRnpV/bin/sample": {Mode: 0500, Data: []byte("\xca\xfe\xba\xbe\xfd\xfd:3")},
-			"checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU":            {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-			"checksum/UnDo4B5KneEUY5b4vRUk_y9MWgkWuw2N8f8a2XayO686xXur-aZmX2-7n_8tKMe3":            {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-			"checksum/UnDo4B5KneEUY5b4vRUk_y9MWgkWuw2N8f8a2XayO686xXur-aZmX2-7n_8tKMe3/check":      {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte("binfmt")},
-
-			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"identifier/6VQTJ1lI5BmVuI1YFYJ8ClO3MRORvTTrcWFDcUU-l5Ga8EofxCxGlSTYN-u8dKj_": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/UnDo4B5KneEUY5b4vRUk_y9MWgkWuw2N8f8a2XayO686xXur-aZmX2-7n_8tKMe3")},
-			"identifier/_v8AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/5aevg3YpDxjqQZ-pdvXK7YqgkL5JKqcoStYQxeD96kuYar6K2mRQWMHib6NQRnpV")},
-			"identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
-
-			"substitute": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-
-			"temp": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-		}},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("3EaW6WibLi9gl03_UieiFPaFcPy5p4x3JPxrnLJxGaTI-bh3HU9DK9IMx7c3rrNm")},
 	})
 }
 

internal/pkg/file_test.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package pkg_test
 
 import (
-	"io/fs"
 	"testing"
 
 	"hakurei.app/check"
@@ -11,27 +10,18 @@ import (
 func TestFile(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	want := expectsFile{0}
 	checkWithCache(t, []cacheTestCase{
 		{"file", pkg.CValidateKnown, nil, func(t *testing.T, base *check.Absolute, c *pkg.Cache) {
 			cureMany(t, c, []cureStep{
 				{"short", pkg.NewFile("null", []byte{0}), base.Append(
 					"identifier",
 					"3376ALA7hIUm2LbzH2fDvRezgzod1eTK_G6XjyOgbM2u-6swvkFaF0BOwSl_juBi",
-				), want, nil},
+				), pkg.MustDecode(
+					"vsAhtPNo4waRNOASwrQwcIPTqb3SBuJOXw2G4T1mNmVZM-wrQTRllmgXqcIIoRcX",
+				), nil},
 			})
-		}, expectsFS{
-			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-
-			"checksum":                            {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"checksum/" + pkg.Encode(want.hash()): {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{0}},
-
-			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"identifier/3376ALA7hIUm2LbzH2fDvRezgzod1eTK_G6XjyOgbM2u-6swvkFaF0BOwSl_juBi": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/vsAhtPNo4waRNOASwrQwcIPTqb3SBuJOXw2G4T1mNmVZM-wrQTRllmgXqcIIoRcX")},
-
-			"substitute": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-
-			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-		}},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode(
+			"iR6H5OIsyOW4EwEgtm9rGzGF6DVtyHLySEtwnFE8bnus9VJcoCbR4JIek7Lw-vwT",
+		)},
 	})
 }

internal/pkg/internal/testtool/expected/expected.go

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-// Package expected contains data shared between test helper and test harness.
-package expected
-
-const (
-	// Magic are magic bytes in the binfmt test case.
-	Magic = "\xca\xfe\xba\xbe\xfd\xfd"
-	// Full is the full content of the binfmt test case executable.
-	Full = Magic + ":3"
-)

internal/pkg/internal/testtool/expected/sum_amd64.go

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-package expected
-
-const (
-	Offline = "q5ktDTq0miP-VvB2blxqXQeaRXCUWgP_KbC18KNtUDtyoaI_h5mHmGuPMArVEBDs"
-	OvlRoot = "NacZGXwuRkTvcHaG08a22ujJ8qCWN0RSoFlRSR5FSt0ZcBbJ28FRvkYsHEtX7G8i"
-	Layers  = "WBJDrATtX6rIE5yAu8ePX3WmDF0Tt9kFiue0m3cRnyRoVx1my8a67fh3CAW486oP"
-	Net     = "CmYtj2sNB3LHtqiDuck_Lz3MjLLIiwyP8N4NDitQ1Icvv__LVP9p8tm-sHeQaKKp"
-	Promote = "TX3eCloaQFkV-SZIH6Jg6E5WKH--rcXY1P0jnZKmLFKWrNqnOzd4G9eIBh6i5ywN"
-	Work    = "OuNiLSC68pZhAOr1YQ4WbV1tzASA0nxLEBcK7lO7MqxDY_j8dmP_C612RTuF23Lu"
-)

internal/pkg/internal/testtool/expected/sum_arm64.go

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-package expected
-
-const (
-	Offline = "WapqyoPxbWSnq07dWHt71mHaJXq99pAjJfFlELlJljSiZMhTFqqlzU1_mN86shSj"
-	OvlRoot = "V9anFOiRvjGfAeBhLl14AL8TKdWZyD0WTPYe4fS9mOBw8iW5Lmarvt6TG6MV8uWm"
-	Layers  = "tKx7JNRoSBdK_7MdzI-nwTNV2wmiPzwYdcd17oLmXKL_iLmUzUiA79qTqdrTasrv"
-	Net     = "aXyDLzBCJ9XltXZIfetEVsEkrqHfcXuD5XE_FcUnYbN3emwL55N6P8LlHzNfGnM5"
-	Promote = "3k4V16n96Lq04gjFSKmm4sFjyQ883FFBNXgTy9s_DjeTwxT3pg_iacEh8yMb_S4m"
-	Work    = "6Q49MhFWRE3Ne6MycwAotgl1GtoU5WCHqJNWG2byYZCY-zX-IxPrWiKk7bKkNzhE"
-)

internal/pkg/internal/testtool/expected/sum_riscv64.go

@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-package expected
-
-const (
-	Offline = "Z6yXE5gOJScL3srmnVMWgCXccDiUNZ5snSrf6RkXuU1_U0rX_kGVwsfHUgNG_awd"
-	OvlRoot = "zYXJHFRLuxvUhuisZEXgGgVvdQd6piMfp5jmtT6jdVjvC2gICXquOq-UTwlrSD5I"
-	Layers  = "_F8EDazHbcLeT0sVSQXRN_kn9IjduqJcDYgzXpsT-hpKU4EBcZ0PISN2zchpqMbm"
-	Net     = "CA_FAaSIYJgapBEHV40doxpH23PdUEy_6s1TZc7wfSPN0XYqwGpMceXXDSabGveO"
-	Promote = "_3LPrLp--4h9k4GsNNApu9hHtAafq-GUhfU6d4hJKBDKT3bz_szOsvkXxc5sK53d"
-	Work    = "FEgHeiCD_WT4wsfB-9kDH5n6cRWCEYtJmXdKZgmUUukAOoXumH_hLlosXREC-tqq"
-)

internal/pkg/ir.go

@@ -76,9 +76,6 @@ type IContext struct {
 	// Written to by various methods, should be zeroed after [Artifact.Params]
 	// returns and must not be exposed directly.
 	w io.Writer
-	// Optional [Artifact] to cureRes cache, replaces [IRKindIdent] with
-	// checksum values if non-nil.
-	inputs map[Artifact]cureRes
 }
 
 // irZero is a zero IR word.
@@ -166,15 +163,7 @@ func (i *IContext) WriteIdent(a Artifact) {
 	defer i.ic.putIdentBuf(buf)
 
 	IRKindIdent.encodeHeader(0).put(buf[:])
-	if i.inputs != nil {
-		res, ok := i.inputs[a]
-		if !ok {
-			panic(InvalidLookupError(i.ic.Ident(a).Value()))
-		}
-		*(*ID)(buf[wordSize:]) = res.checksum.Value()
-	} else {
-		*(*ID)(buf[wordSize:]) = i.ic.Ident(a).Value()
-	}
+	*(*ID)(buf[wordSize:]) = i.ic.Ident(a).Value()
 	i.mustWrite(buf[:])
 }
 
@@ -218,44 +207,19 @@ func (i *IContext) WriteString(s string) {
 // Encode writes a deterministic, efficient representation of a to w and returns
 // the first non-nil error encountered while writing to w.
 func (ic *irCache) Encode(w io.Writer, a Artifact) (err error) {
-	return ic.encode(w, a, nil)
-}
-
-// encode implements Encode but replaces identifiers with their cured checksums
-// for a non-nil ident. Caller must acquire Cache.identMu.
-func (ic *irCache) encode(
-	w io.Writer,
-	a Artifact,
-	inputs map[Artifact]cureRes,
-) (err error) {
 	deps := a.Dependencies()
 	idents := make([]*extIdent, len(deps))
-	if inputs == nil {
-		for i, d := range deps {
-			dbuf, did := ic.unsafeIdent(d, true)
-			if dbuf == nil {
-				dbuf = ic.getIdentBuf()
-				binary.LittleEndian.PutUint64(dbuf[:], uint64(d.Kind()))
-				*(*ID)(dbuf[wordSize:]) = did.Value()
-			} else {
-				ic.storeIdent(d, dbuf)
-			}
-			defer ic.putIdentBuf(dbuf)
-			idents[i] = dbuf
-		}
-	} else {
-		for i, d := range deps {
-			res, ok := inputs[d]
-			if !ok {
-				return InvalidLookupError(ic.Ident(d).Value())
-			}
-
-			dbuf := ic.getIdentBuf()
+	for i, d := range deps {
+		dbuf, did := ic.unsafeIdent(d, true)
+		if dbuf == nil {
+			dbuf = ic.getIdentBuf()
 			binary.LittleEndian.PutUint64(dbuf[:], uint64(d.Kind()))
-			*(*ID)(dbuf[wordSize:]) = res.checksum.Value()
-			defer ic.putIdentBuf(dbuf)
-			idents[i] = dbuf
+			*(*ID)(dbuf[wordSize:]) = did.Value()
+		} else {
+			ic.storeIdent(d, dbuf)
 		}
+		defer ic.putIdentBuf(dbuf)
+		idents[i] = dbuf
 	}
 	slices.SortFunc(idents, func(a, b *extIdent) int {
 		return bytes.Compare(a[:], b[:])
@@ -280,7 +244,7 @@ func (ic *irCache) encode(
 	}
 
 	func() {
-		i := IContext{ic, w, inputs}
+		i := IContext{ic, w}
 
 		defer panicToError(&err)
 		defer func() { i.ic, i.w = nil, nil }()
@@ -468,12 +432,6 @@ func (e InvalidKindError) Error() string {
 // register is not safe for concurrent use. register must not be called after
 // the first instance of [Cache] has been opened.
 func register(k Kind, f IRReadFunc) {
-	openMu.Lock()
-	defer openMu.Unlock()
-
-	if opened {
-		panic("attempting to register after open")
-	}
 	if _, ok := irArtifact[k]; ok {
 		panic("attempting to register " + strconv.Itoa(int(k)) + " twice")
 	}

internal/pkg/ir_test.go

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package pkg_test
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"io"
-	"io/fs"
 	"reflect"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -39,7 +38,7 @@ func TestIRRoundtrip(t *testing.T) {
 		)},
 
 		{"exec offline", pkg.NewExec(
-			"exec-offline", "", nil, 0, false, false,
+			"exec-offline", nil, 0, false,
 			pkg.AbsWork,
 			[]string{"HAKUREI_TEST=1"},
 			check.MustAbs("/opt/bin/testtool"),
@@ -59,9 +58,9 @@ func TestIRRoundtrip(t *testing.T) {
 		)},
 
 		{"exec net", pkg.NewExec(
-			"exec-net", "",
+			"exec-net",
 			(*pkg.Checksum)(bytes.Repeat([]byte{0xfc}, len(pkg.Checksum{}))),
-			0, false, false,
+			0, false,
 			pkg.AbsWork,
 			[]string{"HAKUREI_TEST=1"},
 			check.MustAbs("/opt/bin/testtool"),
@@ -80,28 +79,6 @@ func TestIRRoundtrip(t *testing.T) {
 			)),
 		)},
 
-		{"exec measured", pkg.NewExec(
-			"exec-measured", "",
-			(*pkg.Checksum)(bytes.Repeat([]byte{0xfd}, len(pkg.Checksum{}))),
-			0, false, false,
-			pkg.AbsWork,
-			[]string{"HAKUREI_TEST=1"},
-			check.MustAbs("/opt/bin/testtool"),
-			[]string{"testtool", "measured"},
-
-			pkg.MustPath("/file", false, pkg.NewFile("file", []byte(
-				"stub file",
-			))), pkg.MustPath("/.hakurei", false, pkg.NewHTTPGetTar(
-				nil, "file:///hakurei.tar",
-				pkg.Checksum(bytes.Repeat([]byte{0xfd}, len(pkg.Checksum{}))),
-				pkg.TarUncompressed,
-			)), pkg.MustPath("/opt", false, pkg.NewHTTPGetTar(
-				nil, "file:///testtool.tar.gz",
-				pkg.Checksum(bytes.Repeat([]byte{0xfd}, len(pkg.Checksum{}))),
-				pkg.TarGzip,
-			)),
-		)},
-
 		{"file anonymous", pkg.NewFile("", []byte{0})},
 		{"file", pkg.NewFile("stub", []byte("stub"))},
 	}
@@ -128,13 +105,9 @@ func TestIRRoundtrip(t *testing.T) {
 				if err := <-done; err != nil {
 					t.Fatalf("EncodeAll: error = %v", err)
 				}
-			}, expectsFS{
-				".":          {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-				"checksum":   {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-				"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-				"substitute": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-				"work":       {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			},
+			}, pkg.MustDecode(
+				"E4vEZKhCcL2gPZ2Tt59FS3lDng-d_2SKa2i5G_RbDfwGn6EemptFaGLPUDiOa94C",
+			),
 		}
 	}
 	checkWithCache(t, testCasesCache)

internal/pkg/net_test.go

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package pkg_test
 import (
 	"crypto/sha512"
 	"io"
-	"io/fs"
 	"net/http"
 	"reflect"
 	"testing"
@@ -86,13 +85,7 @@ func TestHTTPGet(t *testing.T) {
 			if _, err := f.Cure(r); !reflect.DeepEqual(err, wantErrNotFound) {
 				t.Fatalf("Cure: error = %#v, want %#v", err, wantErrNotFound)
 			}
-		}, expectsFS{
-			".":          {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"checksum":   {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"substitute": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"work":       {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-		}},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("E4vEZKhCcL2gPZ2Tt59FS3lDng-d_2SKa2i5G_RbDfwGn6EemptFaGLPUDiOa94C")},
 
 		{"cure", pkg.CValidateKnown, nil, func(t *testing.T, base *check.Absolute, c *pkg.Cache) {
 			r := newRContext(t, c)
@@ -151,18 +144,6 @@ func TestHTTPGet(t *testing.T) {
 			if _, _, err := c.Cure(f); !reflect.DeepEqual(err, wantErrNotFound) {
 				t.Fatalf("Pathname: error = %#v, want %#v", err, wantErrNotFound)
 			}
-		}, expectsFS{
-			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-
-			"checksum": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"checksum/fLYGIMHgN1louE-JzITJZJo2SDniPu-IHBXubtvQWFO-hXnDVKNuscV7-zlyr5fU": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte("\x7f\xe1\x69\xa2\xdd\x63\x96\x26\x83\x79\x61\x8b\xf0\x3f\xd5\x16\x9a\x39\x3a\xdb\xcf\xb1\xbc\x8d\x33\xff\x75\xee\x62\x56\xa9\xf0\x27\xac\x13\x94\x69")},
-
-			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"identifier/oM-2pUlk-mOxK1t3aMWZer69UdOQlAXiAgMrpZ1476VoOqpYVP1aGFS9_HYy-D8_": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/fLYGIMHgN1louE-JzITJZJo2SDniPu-IHBXubtvQWFO-hXnDVKNuscV7-zlyr5fU")},
-
-			"substitute": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-
-			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-		}},
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("L_0RFHpr9JUS4Zp14rz2dESSRvfLzpvqsLhR1-YjQt8hYlmEdVl7vI3_-v8UNPKs")},
 	})
 }

internal/pkg/pkg.go

@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ package pkg
 import (
 	"bufio"
 	"bytes"
-	"cmp"
 	"context"
 	"crypto/sha512"
 	"encoding/base64"
@@ -16,17 +15,14 @@ import (
 	"io/fs"
 	"maps"
 	"os"
-	"os/signal"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"runtime"
 	"slices"
-	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"syscall"
 	"testing"
-	"time"
 	"unique"
 	"unsafe"
 
@@ -74,64 +70,6 @@ func MustDecode(s string) (checksum Checksum) {
 	return
 }
 
-var (
-	// extension is a string uniquely identifying a set of custom [Artifact]
-	// implementations registered by calling [Register].
-	extension string
-
-	// openMu synchronises access to global state for initialisation.
-	openMu sync.Mutex
-	// opened is false if [Open] was never called.
-	opened bool
-)
-
-// Extension returns a string uniquely identifying the currently registered set
-// of custom [Artifact], or the zero value if none was registered.
-func Extension() string { return extension }
-
-// ValidExtension returns whether s is valid for use in a call to SetExtension.
-func ValidExtension(s string) bool {
-	if l := len(s); l == 0 || l > 128 {
-		return false
-	}
-	for _, v := range s {
-		if v < 'a' || v > 'z' {
-			return false
-		}
-	}
-	return true
-}
-
-// ErrInvalidExtension is returned for a variant identification string for which
-// [ValidExtension] returns false.
-var ErrInvalidExtension = errors.New("invalid extension variant identification string")
-
-// SetExtension sets the extension variant identification string. SetExtension
-// must be called before [Open] if custom [Artifact] implementations had been
-// recorded by calling [Register].
-//
-// The variant identification string must be between 1 and 128 bytes long and
-// consists of only bytes between 'a' and 'z'.
-//
-// SetExtension is not safe for concurrent use. SetExtension is called at most
-// once and must not be called after the first instance of Cache has been opened.
-func SetExtension(s string) {
-	openMu.Lock()
-	defer openMu.Unlock()
-
-	if opened {
-		panic("attempting to set extension after open")
-	}
-	if extension != "" {
-		panic("attempting to set extension twice")
-	}
-	if !ValidExtension(s) {
-		panic(ErrInvalidExtension)
-	}
-	extension = s
-	statusHeader = makeStatusHeader(s)
-}
-
 // common holds elements and receives methods shared between different contexts.
 type common struct {
 	// Context specific to this [Artifact]. The toplevel context in [Cache] must
@@ -164,27 +102,19 @@ type TContext struct {
 	common
 }
 
-// makeStatusHeader creates the header written to every status file. This should
-// not be called directly, its result is stored in statusHeader and will not
-// change after the first [Cache] is opened.
-func makeStatusHeader(extension string) string {
+// statusHeader is the header written to all status files in dirStatus.
+var statusHeader = func() string {
 	s := programName
 	if v := info.Version(); v != info.FallbackVersion {
 		s += " " + v
 	}
-	if extension != "" {
-		s += " with " + extension + " extensions"
-	}
 	s += " (" + runtime.GOARCH + ")"
 	if name, err := os.Hostname(); err == nil {
 		s += " on " + name
 	}
 	s += "\n\n"
 	return s
-}
-
-// statusHeader is the header written to all status files in dirStatus.
-var statusHeader = makeStatusHeader("")
+}()
 
 // prepareStatus initialises the status file once.
 func (t *TContext) prepareStatus() error {
@@ -250,14 +180,7 @@ func (t *TContext) destroy(errP *error) {
 			*errP = errors.Join(*errP, err)
 		}
 		if *errP != nil {
-			*errP = errors.Join(*errP, os.Rename(
-				t.statusPath.String(), t.cache.base.Append(
-					dirFault,
-					t.ids+"."+strconv.FormatUint(uint64(
-						time.Now().UnixNano(),
-					), 10),
-				).String(),
-			))
+			*errP = errors.Join(*errP, os.Remove(t.statusPath.String()))
 		}
 		t.status = nil
 	}
@@ -504,9 +427,6 @@ const (
 	// KindFile is the kind of [Artifact] returned by [NewFile].
 	KindFile
 
-	// _kindEnd is the total number of kinds and does not denote a kind.
-	_kindEnd
-
 	// KindCustomOffset is the first [Kind] value reserved for implementations
 	// not from this package.
 	KindCustomOffset = 1 << 31
@@ -518,34 +438,30 @@ const (
 )
 
 const (
-	// fileLock is the lock file for exclusive access to the cache directory.
+	// fileLock is the file name appended to Cache.base for guaranteeing
+	// exclusive access to the cache directory.
 	fileLock = "lock"
-	// fileVariant is a file holding the variant identification string set by a
-	// prior call to [SetExtension].
-	fileVariant = "variant"
 
-	// dirSubstitute holds symlinks to artifacts by checksum, named after their
-	// substitute identifier.
-	dirSubstitute = "substitute"
-	// dirIdentifier holds symlinks to artifacts by checksum,  named after their
-	// IR-based identifier.
+	// dirIdentifier is the directory name appended to Cache.base for storing
+	// artifacts named after their [ID].
 	dirIdentifier = "identifier"
-	// dirChecksum holds artifacts named after their [Checksum].
+	// dirChecksum is the directory name appended to Cache.base for storing
+	// artifacts named after their [Checksum].
 	dirChecksum = "checksum"
-	// dirStatus holds artifact metadata and logs named after their IR-based
-	// identifier. For [FloodArtifact], the same file is also available under
-	// its substitute identifier.
+	// dirStatus is the directory name appended to Cache.base for storing
+	// artifact metadata and logs named after their [ID].
 	dirStatus = "status"
-	// dirFault holds status files of faulted cures.
-	dirFault = "fault"
 
-	// dirWork holds working pathnames set up during [Cache.Cure].
+	// dirWork is the directory name appended to Cache.base for working
+	// pathnames set up during [Cache.Cure].
 	dirWork = "work"
-	// dirTemp holds scratch space allocated during [Cache.Cure].
+	// dirTemp is the directory name appended to Cache.base for scratch space
+	// pathnames allocated during [Cache.Cure].
 	dirTemp = "temp"
 
-	// dirExecScratch is scratch space set up for the container started by
-	// [Cache.EnterExec]. Exclusivity via Cache.inExec.
+	// dirExecScratch is the directory name appended to Cache.base for scratch
+	// space setting up the container started by [Cache.EnterExec]. Exclusivity
+	// via Cache.inExec.
 	dirExecScratch = "scratch"
 
 	// checksumLinknamePrefix is prepended to the encoded [Checksum] value
@@ -624,17 +540,6 @@ const (
 	// impurity due to [KindExecNet] being [KnownChecksum]. This flag exists
 	// to support kernels without Landlock LSM enabled.
 	CHostAbstract
-
-	// CPromoteVariant allows [pkg.Open] to promote an unextended on-disk cache
-	// to the current extension variant. This is a one-way operation.
-	CPromoteVariant
-
-	// CSuppressInit arranges for verbose output of the container init to be
-	// suppressed regardless of [message.Msg] state.
-	CSuppressInit
-
-	// CIgnoreSubstitutes disables content-based dependency substitution.
-	CIgnoreSubstitutes
 )
 
 // toplevel holds [context.WithCancel] over caller-supplied context, where all
@@ -690,11 +595,6 @@ type Cache struct {
 	// Synchronises access to dirChecksum.
 	checksumMu sync.RWMutex
 
-	// Presence of an alternative in the cache. Keys are not valid identifiers
-	// and must not be used as such.
-	substitute map[unique.Handle[ID]]unique.Handle[Checksum]
-	// Synchronises access to substitute and corresponding filesystem entries.
-	substituteMu sync.RWMutex
 	// Identifier to content pair cache.
 	ident map[unique.Handle[ID]]unique.Handle[Checksum]
 	// Identifier to error pair for unrecoverably faulted [Artifact].
@@ -905,14 +805,11 @@ func (c *Cache) Scrub(checks int) error {
 		checks = runtime.NumCPU()
 	}
 
-	c.substituteMu.Lock()
-	defer c.substituteMu.Unlock()
 	c.identMu.Lock()
 	defer c.identMu.Unlock()
 	c.checksumMu.Lock()
 	defer c.checksumMu.Unlock()
 
-	c.substitute = make(map[unique.Handle[ID]]unique.Handle[Checksum])
 	c.ident = make(map[unique.Handle[ID]]unique.Handle[Checksum])
 	c.identErr = make(map[unique.Handle[ID]]error)
 	c.artifact.Clear()
@@ -1020,52 +917,47 @@ func (c *Cache) Scrub(checks int) error {
 		wg.Wait()
 	}
 
-	for _, suffix := range []string{
-		dirSubstitute,
-		dirIdentifier,
-	} {
-		dir = c.base.Append(suffix)
-		if entries, readdirErr := os.ReadDir(dir.String()); readdirErr != nil {
-			addErr(dir, readdirErr)
-		} else {
-			wg.Add(len(entries))
-			for _, ent := range entries {
-				w <- checkEntry{ent, func(ent os.DirEntry, want *Checksum) bool {
-					got := p.Get().(*Checksum)
-					defer p.Put(got)
+	dir = c.base.Append(dirIdentifier)
+	if entries, readdirErr := os.ReadDir(dir.String()); readdirErr != nil {
+		addErr(dir, readdirErr)
+	} else {
+		wg.Add(len(entries))
+		for _, ent := range entries {
+			w <- checkEntry{ent, func(ent os.DirEntry, want *Checksum) bool {
+				got := p.Get().(*Checksum)
+				defer p.Put(got)
 
-					pathname := dir.Append(ent.Name())
-					if linkname, err := os.Readlink(
-						pathname.String(),
-					); err != nil {
-						seMu.Lock()
-						se.Errs[pathname.Handle()] = append(se.Errs[pathname.Handle()], err)
-						se.DanglingIdentifiers = append(se.DanglingIdentifiers, *want)
-						seMu.Unlock()
-						return false
-					} else if err = Decode(got, filepath.Base(linkname)); err != nil {
-						seMu.Lock()
-						lnp := dir.Append(linkname)
-						se.Errs[lnp.Handle()] = append(se.Errs[lnp.Handle()], err)
-						se.DanglingIdentifiers = append(se.DanglingIdentifiers, *want)
-						seMu.Unlock()
-						return false
-					}
+				pathname := dir.Append(ent.Name())
+				if linkname, err := os.Readlink(
+					pathname.String(),
+				); err != nil {
+					seMu.Lock()
+					se.Errs[pathname.Handle()] = append(se.Errs[pathname.Handle()], err)
+					se.DanglingIdentifiers = append(se.DanglingIdentifiers, *want)
+					seMu.Unlock()
+					return false
+				} else if err = Decode(got, filepath.Base(linkname)); err != nil {
+					seMu.Lock()
+					lnp := dir.Append(linkname)
+					se.Errs[lnp.Handle()] = append(se.Errs[lnp.Handle()], err)
+					se.DanglingIdentifiers = append(se.DanglingIdentifiers, *want)
+					seMu.Unlock()
+					return false
+				}
 
-					if _, err := os.Stat(pathname.String()); err != nil {
-						if !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
-							addErr(pathname, err)
-						}
-						seMu.Lock()
-						se.DanglingIdentifiers = append(se.DanglingIdentifiers, *want)
-						seMu.Unlock()
-						return false
+				if _, err := os.Stat(pathname.String()); err != nil {
+					if !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+						addErr(pathname, err)
 					}
-					return true
-				}}
-			}
-			wg.Wait()
+					seMu.Lock()
+					se.DanglingIdentifiers = append(se.DanglingIdentifiers, *want)
+					seMu.Unlock()
+					return false
+				}
+				return true
+			}}
 		}
+		wg.Wait()
 	}
 
 	dir = c.base.Append(dirStatus)
@@ -1213,52 +1105,6 @@ func (c *Cache) finaliseIdent(
 	close(done)
 }
 
-// zeroChecksum is a zero [Checksum] handle, used for comparison only.
-var zeroChecksum unique.Handle[Checksum]
-
-// loadSubstitute returns a checksum corresponding to a substitute identifier,
-// or zeroChecksum if an alternative is not available.
-func (c *Cache) loadSubstitute(
-	substitute unique.Handle[ID],
-) (unique.Handle[Checksum], error) {
-	c.substituteMu.RLock()
-	if checksum, ok := c.substitute[substitute]; ok {
-		c.substituteMu.RUnlock()
-		return checksum, nil
-	}
-
-	linkname, err := os.Readlink(c.base.Append(
-		dirSubstitute,
-		Encode(substitute.Value()),
-	).String())
-	c.substituteMu.RUnlock()
-
-	if err != nil {
-		if !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
-			return zeroChecksum, err
-		}
-
-		c.substituteMu.Lock()
-		c.substitute[substitute] = zeroChecksum
-		c.substituteMu.Unlock()
-		return zeroChecksum, nil
-	}
-
-	var checksum unique.Handle[Checksum]
-	buf := c.getIdentBuf()
-	err = Decode((*Checksum)(buf[:]), filepath.Base(linkname))
-	if err == nil {
-		checksum = unique.Make(Checksum(buf[:]))
-
-		c.substituteMu.Lock()
-		c.substitute[substitute] = checksum
-		c.substituteMu.Unlock()
-	}
-	c.putIdentBuf(buf)
-
-	return checksum, err
-}
-
 // Done returns a channel that is closed when the ongoing cure of an [Artifact]
 // referred to by the specified identifier completes. Done may return nil if
 // no ongoing cure of the specified identifier exists.
@@ -1493,8 +1339,8 @@ func (c *Cache) Cure(a Artifact) (
 
 // CureError wraps a non-nil error returned attempting to cure an [Artifact].
 type CureError struct {
-	A   Artifact
-	Err error
+	Ident unique.Handle[ID]
+	Err   error
 }
 
 // Unwrap returns the underlying error.
@@ -1507,63 +1353,40 @@ func (e *CureError) Error() string { return e.Err.Error() }
 type DependencyCureError []*CureError
 
 // unwrapM recursively expands underlying errors into a caller-supplied map.
-func (e *DependencyCureError) unwrapM(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	ir *IRCache,
-	me map[unique.Handle[ID]]*CureError,
-) {
+func (e *DependencyCureError) unwrapM(me map[unique.Handle[ID]]*CureError) {
 	for _, err := range *e {
-		if ctx.Err() != nil {
-			break
-		}
-
-		id := ir.Ident(err.A)
-		if _, ok := me[id]; ok {
+		if _, ok := me[err.Ident]; ok {
 			continue
 		}
 		if _e, ok := err.Err.(*DependencyCureError); ok {
-			_e.unwrapM(ctx, ir, me)
+			_e.unwrapM(me)
 			continue
 		}
-		me[id] = err
+		me[err.Ident] = err
 	}
 }
 
 // unwrap recursively expands and deduplicates underlying errors.
-func (e *DependencyCureError) unwrap(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	ir *IRCache,
-) DependencyCureError {
+func (e *DependencyCureError) unwrap() DependencyCureError {
 	me := make(map[unique.Handle[ID]]*CureError)
-	e.unwrapM(ctx, ir, me)
-	type ent struct {
-		id  unique.Handle[ID]
-		err *CureError
-	}
-	errs := make([]*ent, 0, len(me))
-	for id, err := range me {
-		errs = append(errs, &ent{id, err})
-	}
+	e.unwrapM(me)
+	errs := slices.AppendSeq(
+		make(DependencyCureError, 0, len(me)),
+		maps.Values(me),
+	)
 
 	var identBuf [2]ID
-	slices.SortFunc(errs, func(a, b *ent) int {
-		identBuf[0], identBuf[1] = a.id.Value(), b.id.Value()
+	slices.SortFunc(errs, func(a, b *CureError) int {
+		identBuf[0], identBuf[1] = a.Ident.Value(), b.Ident.Value()
 		return slices.Compare(identBuf[0][:], identBuf[1][:])
 	})
 
-	_errs := make(DependencyCureError, len(errs))
-	for i, v := range errs {
-		_errs[i] = v.err
-	}
-	return _errs
+	return errs
 }
 
 // Unwrap returns a deduplicated slice of underlying errors.
 func (e *DependencyCureError) Unwrap() []error {
-	ctx, cancel := signal.NotifyContext(context.Background(), os.Interrupt)
-	defer cancel()
-
-	errs := e.unwrap(ctx, NewIR())
+	errs := e.unwrap()
 	_errs := make([]error, len(errs))
 	for i, err := range errs {
 		_errs[i] = err
@@ -1573,23 +1396,14 @@ func (e *DependencyCureError) Unwrap() []error {
 
 // Error returns a user-facing multiline error message.
 func (e *DependencyCureError) Error() string {
-	ctx, cancel := signal.NotifyContext(context.Background(), os.Interrupt)
-	defer cancel()
-
-	ir := NewIR()
-	errs := e.unwrap(ctx, ir)
+	errs := e.unwrap()
 	if len(errs) == 0 {
 		return "invalid dependency cure outcome"
 	}
 	var buf strings.Builder
 	buf.WriteString("errors curing dependencies:")
 	for _, err := range errs {
-		buf.WriteString("\n\t" +
-			reportName(err.A, ir.Ident(err.A)) + ": " +
-			err.Error())
-	}
-	if ctx.Err() != nil {
-		buf.WriteString("\nerror resolution cancelled")
+		buf.WriteString("\n\t" + Encode(err.Ident.Value()) + ": " + err.Error())
 	}
 	return buf.String()
 }
@@ -1759,44 +1573,16 @@ func (c *Cache) cure(a Artifact, curesExempt bool) (
 		return
 	}
 
-	var (
-		checksums   string
-		substitute  unique.Handle[ID]
-		alternative *check.Absolute
-	)
+	var checksums string
 	defer func() {
 		if err == nil && checksums != "" {
-			linkname := checksumLinknamePrefix + checksums
-
 			err = os.Symlink(
-				linkname,
+				checksumLinknamePrefix+checksums,
 				pathname.String(),
 			)
 			if err == nil {
 				err = zeroTimes(pathname.String())
 			}
-
-			if err == nil && alternative != nil {
-				c.substituteMu.Lock()
-				err = os.Symlink(
-					linkname,
-					alternative.String(),
-				)
-				if errors.Is(err, os.ErrExist) {
-					c.msg.Verbosef(
-						"creating alternative over %s for artifact %s",
-						Encode(substitute.Value()), ids,
-					)
-					err = nil
-				}
-				if err == nil {
-					err = zeroTimes(alternative.String())
-				}
-				if err == nil && checksum != zeroChecksum {
-					c.substitute[substitute] = checksum
-				}
-				c.substituteMu.Unlock()
-			}
 		}
 	}()
 
@@ -1993,64 +1779,11 @@ func (c *Cache) cure(a Artifact, curesExempt bool) (
 			f.deps[deps[i]] = p
 		}
 
-		sh := sha512.New384()
-		err = c.encode(sh, a, f.deps)
-		if err != nil {
-			return
-		}
-
-		buf := c.getIdentBuf()
-		sh.Sum(buf[wordSize:wordSize])
-		substitute = unique.Make(ID(buf[wordSize:]))
-		substitutes := Encode(substitute.Value())
-		c.putIdentBuf(buf)
-		alternative = c.base.Append(
-			dirSubstitute,
-			substitutes,
-		)
-
-		if c.flags&CIgnoreSubstitutes == 0 {
-			var substituteChecksum unique.Handle[Checksum]
-			substituteChecksum, err = c.loadSubstitute(substitute)
-			if err != nil {
-				return
-			}
-			if substituteChecksum != zeroChecksum {
-				checksum = substituteChecksum
-				checksums = Encode(checksum.Value())
-				checksumPathname = c.base.Append(
-					dirChecksum,
-					checksums,
-				)
-				if _, err = os.Lstat(c.base.Append(
-					dirStatus,
-					substitutes,
-				).String()); err == nil {
-					err = os.Symlink(substitutes, c.base.Append(
-						dirStatus,
-						ids,
-					).String())
-				} else if errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
-					err = nil
-				}
-				return
-			}
-		}
-
 		defer f.destroy(&err)
 		if err = c.enterCure(a, curesExempt); err != nil {
 			return
 		}
 		err = ca.Cure(&f)
-		if err == nil && f.status != nil {
-			err = os.Link(c.base.Append(
-				dirStatus,
-				ids,
-			).String(), c.base.Append(
-				dirStatus,
-				substitutes,
-			).String())
-		}
 		c.exitCure(a, curesExempt)
 		if err != nil {
 			return
@@ -2143,7 +1876,7 @@ func (pending *pendingArtifactDep) cure(c *Cache) {
 	}
 
 	pending.errsMu.Lock()
-	*pending.errs = append(*pending.errs, &CureError{pending.a, err})
+	*pending.errs = append(*pending.errs, &CureError{c.Ident(pending.a), err})
 	pending.errsMu.Unlock()
 }
 
@@ -2159,52 +1892,6 @@ func (c *Cache) OpenStatus(a Artifact) (r io.ReadSeekCloser, err error) {
 	return
 }
 
-// Fault holds the pathname and termination time of an [Artifact] fault entry.
-type Fault struct {
-	*check.Absolute
-	t uint64
-}
-
-// Time returns the instant in time where the fault occurred.
-func (f Fault) Time() time.Time { return time.Unix(0, int64(f.t)) }
-
-// Open opens the underlying entry for reading.
-func (f Fault) Open() (io.ReadCloser, error) { return os.Open(f.Absolute.String()) }
-
-// Destroy removes the underlying fault entry.
-func (f Fault) Destroy() error { return os.Remove(f.Absolute.String()) }
-
-// ReadFaults returns fault entries for an [Artifact].
-func (c *Cache) ReadFaults(a Artifact) (faults []Fault, err error) {
-	prefix := Encode(c.Ident(a).Value()) + "."
-	var dents []os.DirEntry
-	if dents, err = os.ReadDir(c.base.Append(dirFault).String()); err != nil {
-		return
-	}
-
-	for _, dent := range dents {
-		name := dent.Name()
-		if !strings.HasPrefix(name, prefix) {
-			continue
-		}
-		var t uint64
-		t, err = strconv.ParseUint(name[len(prefix):], 10, 64)
-		if err != nil {
-			return
-		}
-
-		faults = append(faults, Fault{c.base.Append(
-			dirFault,
-			name,
-		), t})
-	}
-
-	slices.SortFunc(faults, func(a, b Fault) int {
-		return cmp.Compare(a.t, b.t)
-	})
-	return
-}
-
 // Abort cancels all pending cures and waits for them to clean up, but does not
 // close the cache.
 func (c *Cache) Abort() {
@@ -2243,20 +1930,6 @@ func (c *Cache) Close() {
 	c.unlock()
 }
 
-// UnsupportedVariantError describes an on-disk cache with an extension variant
-// identification string that differs from the value returned by [Extension].
-type UnsupportedVariantError string
-
-func (e UnsupportedVariantError) Error() string {
-	return "unsupported variant " + strconv.Quote(string(e))
-}
-
-var (
-	// ErrWouldPromote is returned by [Open] if the [CPromoteVariant] bit is not
-	// set and the on-disk cache requires variant promotion.
-	ErrWouldPromote = errors.New("operation would promote unextended cache")
-)
-
 // Open returns the address of a newly opened instance of [Cache].
 //
 // Concurrent cures of a [FloodArtifact] dependency graph is limited to the
@@ -2288,14 +1961,6 @@ func open(
 	base *check.Absolute,
 	lock bool,
 ) (*Cache, error) {
-	openMu.Lock()
-	defer openMu.Unlock()
-	opened = true
-
-	if extension == "" && len(irArtifact) != int(_kindEnd) {
-		panic("attempting to open cache with incomplete variant setup")
-	}
-
 	if cures < 1 {
 		cures = runtime.NumCPU()
 	}
@@ -2304,17 +1969,13 @@ func open(
 	}
 
 	for _, name := range []string{
-		dirSubstitute,
 		dirIdentifier,
 		dirChecksum,
 		dirStatus,
-		dirFault,
 		dirWork,
 	} {
-		if err := os.MkdirAll(
-			base.Append(name).String(),
-			0700,
-		); err != nil && !errors.Is(err, os.ErrExist) {
+		if err := os.MkdirAll(base.Append(name).String(), 0700); err != nil &&
+			!errors.Is(err, os.ErrExist) {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
@@ -2331,7 +1992,6 @@ func open(
 
 		irCache: zeroIRCache(),
 
-		substitute:   make(map[unique.Handle[ID]]unique.Handle[Checksum]),
 		ident:        make(map[unique.Handle[ID]]unique.Handle[Checksum]),
 		identErr:     make(map[unique.Handle[ID]]error),
 		identPending: make(map[unique.Handle[ID]]*pendingCure),
@@ -2353,45 +2013,6 @@ func open(
 		c.unlock = func() {}
 	}
 
-	variantPath := base.Append(fileVariant).String()
-	if p, err := os.ReadFile(variantPath); err != nil {
-		if !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
-			c.unlock()
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		// nonexistence implies newly created cache, or a cache predating
-		// variant identification strings, in which case it is silently promoted
-		if err = os.WriteFile(
-			variantPath,
-			[]byte(extension),
-			0400,
-		); err != nil {
-			c.unlock()
-			return nil, err
-		}
-	} else if s := string(p); s == "" {
-		if extension != "" {
-			if flags&CPromoteVariant == 0 {
-				c.unlock()
-				return nil, ErrWouldPromote
-			}
-			if err = os.WriteFile(
-				variantPath,
-				[]byte(extension),
-				0400,
-			); err != nil {
-				c.unlock()
-				return nil, err
-			}
-		}
-	} else if !ValidExtension(s) {
-		c.unlock()
-		return nil, ErrInvalidExtension
-	} else if s != extension {
-		c.unlock()
-		return nil, UnsupportedVariantError(s)
-	}
-
 	return &c, nil
 }
 

internal/pkg/tar_test.go

@@ -20,31 +20,6 @@ import (
 func TestTar(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	want := expectsFS{
-		".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-
-		"checksum": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-		"checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP":                {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-		"checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP/check":          {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{0, 0}},
-		"checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP/lib":            {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-		"checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP/lib/pkgconfig":  {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-		"checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP/lib/libedac.so": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("/proc/nonexistent/libedac.so")},
-
-		"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-		"identifier/HnySzeLQvSBZuTUcvfmLEX_OmH4yJWWH788NxuLuv7kVn8_uPM6Ks4rqFWM2NZJY": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP")},
-		"identifier/Zx5ZG9BAwegNT3zQwCySuI2ktCXxNgxirkGLFjW4FW06PtojYVaCdtEw8yuntPLa": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP")},
-
-		"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-	}
-	wantEncode := pkg.Encode(want.hash())
-
-	wantExpand := expectsFS{
-		".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-
-		"libedac.so": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("/proc/nonexistent/libedac.so")},
-	}
-	wantExpandEncode := pkg.Encode(wantExpand.hash())
-
 	checkWithCache(t, []cacheTestCase{
 		{"http", 0, nil, func(t *testing.T, base *check.Absolute, c *pkg.Cache) {
 			checkTarHTTP(t, base, c, fstest.MapFS{
@@ -62,32 +37,10 @@ func TestTar(t *testing.T) {
 				"identifier/Zx5ZG9BAwegNT3zQwCySuI2ktCXxNgxirkGLFjW4FW06PtojYVaCdtEw8yuntPLa": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP")},
 
 				"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			}, want)
-		}, expectsFS{
-			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-
-			"checksum":                             {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"checksum/" + wantEncode:               {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-			"checksum/" + wantEncode + "/checksum": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-			"checksum/" + wantEncode + "/checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP":                {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-			"checksum/" + wantEncode + "/checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP/check":          {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{0, 0}},
-			"checksum/" + wantEncode + "/checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP/lib":            {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-			"checksum/" + wantEncode + "/checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP/lib/libedac.so": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("/proc/nonexistent/libedac.so")},
-			"checksum/" + wantEncode + "/checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP/lib/pkgconfig":  {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-			"checksum/" + wantEncode + "/identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-			"checksum/" + wantEncode + "/identifier/HnySzeLQvSBZuTUcvfmLEX_OmH4yJWWH788NxuLuv7kVn8_uPM6Ks4rqFWM2NZJY": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP")},
-			"checksum/" + wantEncode + "/identifier/Zx5ZG9BAwegNT3zQwCySuI2ktCXxNgxirkGLFjW4FW06PtojYVaCdtEw8yuntPLa": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/1TL00Qb8dcqayX7wTO8WNaraHvY6b-KCsctLDTrb64QBCmxj_-byK1HdIUwMaFEP")},
-			"checksum/" + wantEncode + "/work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-
-			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"identifier/W5S65DEhawz_WKaok5NjUKLmnD9dNl5RPauNJjcOVcB3VM4eGhSaLGmXbL8vZpiw": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/" + wantEncode)},
-			"identifier/rg7F1D5hwv6o4xctjD5zDq4i5MD0mArTsUIWfhUbik8xC6Bsyt3mjXXOm3goojTz": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/" + wantEncode)},
-
-			"substitute": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-
-			"temp": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-		}},
+			}, pkg.MustDecode(
+				"cTw0h3AmYe7XudSoyEMByduYXqGi-N5ZkTZ0t9K5elsu3i_jNIVF5T08KR1roBFM",
+			))
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("NQTlc466JmSVLIyWklm_u8_g95jEEb98PxJU-kjwxLpfdjwMWJq0G8ze9R4Vo1Vu")},
 
 		{"http expand", 0, nil, func(t *testing.T, base *check.Absolute, c *pkg.Cache) {
 			checkTarHTTP(t, base, c, fstest.MapFS{
@@ -95,23 +48,10 @@ func TestTar(t *testing.T) {
 
 				"lib":            {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
 				"lib/libedac.so": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("/proc/nonexistent/libedac.so")},
-			}, wantExpand)
-		}, expectsFS{
-			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-
-			"checksum":                     {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"checksum/" + wantExpandEncode: {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0500},
-			"checksum/" + wantExpandEncode + "/libedac.so": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("/proc/nonexistent/libedac.so")},
-
-			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"identifier/W5S65DEhawz_WKaok5NjUKLmnD9dNl5RPauNJjcOVcB3VM4eGhSaLGmXbL8vZpiw": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/" + wantExpandEncode)},
-			"identifier/_v1blm2h-_KA-dVaawdpLas6MjHc6rbhhFS8JWwx8iJxZGUu8EBbRrhr5AaZ9PJL": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/" + wantExpandEncode)},
-
-			"substitute": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-
-			"temp": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-			"work": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
-		}},
+			}, pkg.MustDecode(
+				"CH3AiUrCCcVOjOYLaMKKK1Da78989JtfHeIsxMzWOQFiN4mrCLDYpoDxLWqJWCUN",
+			))
+		}, pkg.MustDecode("hSoSSgCYTNonX3Q8FjvjD1fBl-E-BQyA6OTXro2OadXqbST4tZ-akGXszdeqphRe")},
 	})
 }
 
@@ -120,7 +60,7 @@ func checkTarHTTP(
 	base *check.Absolute,
 	c *pkg.Cache,
 	testdataFsys fs.FS,
-	want expectsKnown,
+	wantChecksum pkg.Checksum,
 ) {
 	var testdata string
 	{
@@ -254,24 +194,24 @@ func checkTarHTTP(
 		{"file", a, base.Append(
 			"identifier",
 			pkg.Encode(wantIdent),
-		), want, nil},
+		), wantChecksum, nil},
 
 		{"directory", pkg.NewTar(
 			&tarDir,
 			pkg.TarGzip,
-		), ignorePathname, want, nil},
+		), ignorePathname, wantChecksum, nil},
 
 		{"multiple entries", pkg.NewTar(
 			&tarDirMulti,
 			pkg.TarGzip,
-		), nil, nil, errors.New(
+		), nil, pkg.Checksum{}, errors.New(
 			"input directory does not contain a single regular file",
 		)},
 
 		{"bad type", pkg.NewTar(
 			&tarDirType,
 			pkg.TarGzip,
-		), nil, nil, errors.New(
+		), nil, pkg.Checksum{}, errors.New(
 			"input directory does not contain a single regular file",
 		)},
 
@@ -281,6 +221,6 @@ func checkTarHTTP(
 			cure: func(t *pkg.TContext) error {
 				return stub.UniqueError(0xcafe)
 			},
-		}, pkg.TarGzip), nil, nil, stub.UniqueError(0xcafe)},
+		}, pkg.TarGzip), nil, pkg.Checksum{}, stub.UniqueError(0xcafe)},
 	})
 }

internal/pkg/testdata/main.go

@@ -14,29 +14,15 @@ import (
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 
+	"hakurei.app/check"
 	"hakurei.app/fhs"
 	"hakurei.app/vfs"
-
-	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg/internal/testtool/expected"
 )
 
 func main() {
 	log.SetFlags(0)
 	log.SetPrefix("testtool: ")
 
-	if os.Getenv("HAKUREI_BINFMT") == "1" {
-		wantArgs := []string{"/interpreter", "/opt/bin/sample"}
-		if !slices.Equal(os.Args, wantArgs) {
-			log.Fatalf("Args: %q, want %q", os.Args, wantArgs)
-		}
-
-		if err := os.WriteFile("check", []byte("binfmt"), 0400); err != nil {
-			log.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		return
-	}
-
 	environ := slices.DeleteFunc(slices.Clone(os.Environ()), func(s string) bool {
 		return s == "CURE_JOBS="+strconv.Itoa(runtime.NumCPU())
 	})
@@ -162,40 +148,59 @@ func main() {
 	}
 
 	const checksumEmptyDir = "MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU"
-	ident := expected.Offline
+	ident := "dztPS6jRjiZtCF4_p8AzfnxGp6obkhrgFVsxdodbKWUoAEVtDz3MykepJB4kI_ks"
 	log.Println(m)
 	next := func() { m = m.Next; log.Println(m) }
 
 	if overlayRoot {
-		ident = expected.OvlRoot
+		ident = "RdMA-mubnrHuu3Ky1wWyxauSYCO0ZH_zCPUj3uDHqkfwv5sGcByoF_g5PjlGiClb"
 
 		if m.Root != "/" || m.Target != "/" ||
 			m.Source != "overlay" || m.FsType != "overlay" {
 			log.Fatal("unexpected root mount entry")
 		}
-		var lowerdir []string
+		var lowerdir string
 		for _, o := range strings.Split(m.FsOptstr, ",") {
-			const lowerdirKey = "lowerdir+="
+			const lowerdirKey = "lowerdir="
 			if strings.HasPrefix(o, lowerdirKey) {
-				lowerdir = append(lowerdir, o[len(lowerdirKey):])
+				lowerdir = o[len(lowerdirKey):]
 			}
 		}
 		if !layers {
-			if len(lowerdir) != 1 || filepath.Base(lowerdir[0]) != checksumEmptyDir {
+			if filepath.Base(lowerdir) != checksumEmptyDir {
 				log.Fatal("unexpected artifact checksum")
 			}
 		} else {
-			ident = expected.Layers
+			ident = "p1t_drXr34i-jZNuxDMLaMOdL6tZvQqhavNafGynGqxOZoXAUTSn7kqNh3Ovv3DT"
 
-			if len(lowerdir) != 2 ||
-				filepath.Base(lowerdir[0]) != "MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU" ||
-				filepath.Base(lowerdir[1]) != "nY_CUdiaUM1OL4cPr5TS92FCJ3rCRV7Hm5oVTzAvMXwC03_QnTRfQ5PPs7mOU9fK" {
-				log.Fatalf("unexpected lowerdirs %s", strings.Join(lowerdir, ", "))
+			lowerdirsEscaped := strings.Split(lowerdir, ":")
+			lowerdirs := lowerdirsEscaped[:0]
+			// ignore the option separator since it does not appear in ident
+			for i, e := range lowerdirsEscaped {
+				if len(e) > 0 &&
+					e[len(e)-1] == check.SpecialOverlayEscape[0] &&
+					(len(e) == 1 || e[len(e)-2] != check.SpecialOverlayEscape[0]) {
+					// ignore escaped pathname separator since it does not
+					// appear in ident
+
+					e = e[:len(e)-1]
+					if len(lowerdirsEscaped) != i {
+						lowerdirsEscaped[i+1] = e + lowerdirsEscaped[i+1]
+						continue
+					}
+				}
+				lowerdirs = append(lowerdirs, e)
+			}
+
+			if len(lowerdirs) != 2 ||
+				filepath.Base(lowerdirs[0]) != "MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU" ||
+				filepath.Base(lowerdirs[1]) != "nY_CUdiaUM1OL4cPr5TS92FCJ3rCRV7Hm5oVTzAvMXwC03_QnTRfQ5PPs7mOU9fK" {
+				log.Fatalf("unexpected lowerdirs %s", strings.Join(lowerdirs, ", "))
 			}
 		}
 	} else {
 		if hostNet {
-			ident = expected.Net
+			ident = "G8qPxD9puvvoOVV7lrT80eyDeIl3G_CCFoKw12c8mCjMdG1zF7NEPkwYpNubClK3"
 		}
 
 		if m.Root != "/sysroot" || m.Target != "/" {
@@ -214,14 +219,14 @@ func main() {
 	}
 
 	if promote {
-		ident = expected.Promote
+		ident = "xXTIYcXmgJWNLC91c417RRrNM9cjELwEZHpGvf8Fk_GNP5agRJp_SicD0w9aMeLJ"
 	}
 
 	next() // testtool artifact
 
 	next()
 	if overlayWork {
-		ident = expected.Work
+		ident = "5hlaukCirnXE4W_RSLJFOZN47Z5RiHnacXzdFp_70cLgiJUGR6cSb_HaFftkzi0-"
 		if m.Root != "/" || m.Target != "/work" ||
 			m.Source != "overlay" || m.FsType != "overlay" {
 			log.Fatal("unexpected work mount entry")

internal/rosa/acl.go

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ ln -s ../../system/bin/perl /usr/bin
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+	artifactsM[Attr] = Metadata{
 		f: Toolchain.newAttr,
 
 		Name:        "attr",
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/attr/",
 
 		ID: 137,
-	})
+	}
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newACL() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newACL() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+	artifactsM[ACL] = Metadata{
 		f: Toolchain.newACL,
 
 		Name:        "acl",
@@ -106,5 +106,5 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 16,
-	})
+	}
 }

internal/rosa/all.go

@@ -0,0 +1,363 @@
+package rosa
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"strconv"
+	"sync"
+
+	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
+)
+
+// PArtifact is a lazily-initialised [pkg.Artifact] preset.
+type PArtifact int
+
+const (
+	CompilerRT PArtifact = iota
+	LLVMRuntimes
+	Clang
+
+	// EarlyInit is the Rosa OS init program.
+	EarlyInit
+	// ImageSystem is the Rosa OS /system image.
+	ImageSystem
+	// ImageInitramfs is the Rosa OS initramfs archive.
+	ImageInitramfs
+
+	// Kernel is the generic Rosa OS Linux kernel.
+	Kernel
+	// KernelHeaders is an installation of kernel headers for [Kernel].
+	KernelHeaders
+	// KernelSource is a writable kernel source tree installed to [AbsUsrSrc].
+	KernelSource
+	// Firmware is firmware blobs for use with the Linux kernel.
+	Firmware
+
+	ACL
+	ArgpStandalone
+	Attr
+	Autoconf
+	Automake
+	BC
+	Bash
+	Binutils
+	Bison
+	Bzip2
+	CMake
+	Connman
+	Coreutils
+	Curl
+	DBus
+	DTC
+	Diffutils
+	Elfutils
+	Fakeroot
+	Findutils
+	Flex
+	Fuse
+	GMP
+	GLib
+	Gawk
+	GenInitCPIO
+	Gettext
+	Git
+	Glslang
+	GnuTLS
+	Go
+	Gperf
+	Grep
+	Gzip
+	Hakurei
+	HakureiDist
+	IPTables
+	Kmod
+	LibXau
+	Libbsd
+	Libcap
+	Libclc
+	Libdrm
+	Libev
+	Libexpat
+	Libffi
+	Libgd
+	Libglvnd
+	Libiconv
+	Libmd
+	Libmnl
+	Libpciaccess
+	Libnftnl
+	Libpsl
+	Libseccomp
+	Libtasn1
+	Libtool
+	Libucontext
+	Libunistring
+	Libxml2
+	Libxslt
+	M4
+	MPC
+	MPFR
+	Make
+	Meson
+	Mksh
+	MuslFts
+	MuslObstack
+	NSS
+	NSSCACert
+	Ncurses
+	Nettle
+	Ninja
+	OpenSSL
+	P11Kit
+	PCRE2
+	Parallel
+	Patch
+	Perl
+	PerlLocaleGettext
+	PerlMIMECharset
+	PerlModuleBuild
+	PerlPodParser
+	PerlSGMLS
+	PerlTermReadKey
+	PerlTextCharWidth
+	PerlTextWrapI18N
+	PerlUnicodeLineBreak
+	PerlYAMLTiny
+	PkgConfig
+	Procps
+	Python
+	PythonIniConfig
+	PythonMako
+	PythonMarkupSafe
+	PythonPackaging
+	PythonPluggy
+	PythonPyTest
+	PythonPyYAML
+	PythonPygments
+	QEMU
+	Rdfind
+	Readline
+	Rsync
+	Sed
+	Setuptools
+	SPIRVHeaders
+	SPIRVTools
+	SquashfsTools
+	Strace
+	TamaGo
+	Tar
+	Texinfo
+	Toybox
+	toyboxEarly
+	Unzip
+	UtilLinux
+	Wayland
+	WaylandProtocols
+	XCB
+	XCBProto
+	XDGDBusProxy
+	XZ
+	Xproto
+	Zlib
+	Zstd
+
+	// PresetUnexportedStart is the first unexported preset.
+	PresetUnexportedStart
+
+	llvmSource = iota - 1
+	buildcatrust
+	utilMacros
+
+	// Musl is a standalone libc that does not depend on the toolchain.
+	Musl
+
+	// gcc is a hacked-to-pieces GCC toolchain meant for use in intermediate
+	// stages only. This preset and its direct output must never be exposed.
+	gcc
+
+	// nettle3 is an older version of [Nettle].
+	nettle3
+
+	// Stage0 is a tarball containing all compile-time dependencies of artifacts
+	// part of the [Std] toolchain.
+	Stage0
+
+	// PresetEnd is the total number of presets and does not denote a preset.
+	PresetEnd
+)
+
+// P represents multiple [PArtifact] and is stable through JSON.
+type P []PArtifact
+
+// MarshalJSON represents [PArtifact] by their [Metadata.Name].
+func (s P) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	names := make([]string, len(s))
+	for i, p := range s {
+		names[i] = GetMetadata(p).Name
+	}
+	return json.Marshal(names)
+}
+
+// UnmarshalJSON resolves the value created by MarshalJSON back to [P].
+func (s *P) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	var names []string
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &names); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	*s = make(P, len(names))
+	for i, name := range names {
+		if p, ok := ResolveName(name); !ok {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unknown artifact %q", name)
+		} else {
+			(*s)[i] = p
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Metadata is stage-agnostic information of a [PArtifact] not directly
+// representable in the resulting [pkg.Artifact].
+type Metadata struct {
+	f func(t Toolchain) (a pkg.Artifact, version string)
+
+	// Unique package name.
+	Name string `json:"name"`
+	// Short user-facing description.
+	Description string `json:"description"`
+	// Project home page.
+	Website string `json:"website,omitempty"`
+
+	// Runtime dependencies.
+	Dependencies P `json:"dependencies"`
+
+	// Project identifier on [Anitya].
+	//
+	// [Anitya]: https://release-monitoring.org/
+	ID int `json:"-"`
+
+	// Optional custom version checking behaviour.
+	latest func(v *Versions) string
+}
+
+// GetLatest returns the latest version described by v.
+func (meta *Metadata) GetLatest(v *Versions) string {
+	if meta.latest != nil {
+		return meta.latest(v)
+	}
+	return v.Latest
+}
+
+// Unversioned denotes an unversioned [PArtifact].
+const Unversioned = "\x00"
+
+// UnpopulatedIDError is returned by [Metadata.GetLatest] for an instance of
+// [Metadata] where ID is not populated.
+type UnpopulatedIDError struct{}
+
+func (UnpopulatedIDError) Unwrap() error { return errors.ErrUnsupported }
+func (UnpopulatedIDError) Error() string { return "Anitya ID is not populated" }
+
+// Versions are package versions returned by Anitya.
+type Versions struct {
+	// The latest version for the project, as determined by the version sorting algorithm.
+	Latest string `json:"latest_version"`
+	// List of all versions that aren’t flagged as pre-release.
+	Stable []string `json:"stable_versions"`
+	// List of all versions stored, sorted from newest to oldest.
+	All []string `json:"versions"`
+}
+
+// getStable returns the first Stable version, or Latest if that is unavailable.
+func (v *Versions) getStable() string {
+	if len(v.Stable) == 0 {
+		return v.Latest
+	}
+	return v.Stable[0]
+}
+
+// GetVersions returns versions fetched from Anitya.
+func (meta *Metadata) GetVersions(ctx context.Context) (*Versions, error) {
+	if meta.ID == 0 {
+		return nil, UnpopulatedIDError{}
+	}
+
+	var resp *http.Response
+	if req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(
+		ctx,
+		http.MethodGet,
+		"https://release-monitoring.org/api/v2/versions/?project_id="+
+			strconv.Itoa(meta.ID),
+		nil,
+	); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	} else {
+		req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "Rosa/1.1")
+		if resp, err = http.DefaultClient.Do(req); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	var v Versions
+	err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&v)
+	return &v, errors.Join(err, resp.Body.Close())
+}
+
+var (
+	// artifactsM is an array of [PArtifact] metadata.
+	artifactsM [PresetEnd]Metadata
+
+	// artifacts stores the result of Metadata.f.
+	artifacts [_toolchainEnd][len(artifactsM)]struct {
+		a pkg.Artifact
+		v string
+	}
+	// artifactsOnce is for lazy initialisation of artifacts.
+	artifactsOnce [_toolchainEnd][len(artifactsM)]sync.Once
+)
+
+// zero zeros the value pointed to by p.
+func zero[T any](p *T) { var v T; *p = v }
+
+// DropCaches arranges for all cached [pkg.Artifact] to be freed some time after
+// it returns. Must not be used concurrently with any other function from this
+// package.
+func DropCaches() {
+	zero(&artifacts)
+	zero(&artifactsOnce)
+}
+
+// GetMetadata returns [Metadata] of a [PArtifact].
+func GetMetadata(p PArtifact) *Metadata { return &artifactsM[p] }
+
+// construct constructs a [pkg.Artifact] corresponding to a [PArtifact] once.
+func (t Toolchain) construct(p PArtifact) {
+	artifactsOnce[t][p].Do(func() {
+		artifacts[t][p].a, artifacts[t][p].v = artifactsM[p].f(t)
+	})
+}
+
+// Load returns the resulting [pkg.Artifact] of [PArtifact].
+func (t Toolchain) Load(p PArtifact) pkg.Artifact {
+	t.construct(p)
+	return artifacts[t][p].a
+}
+
+// Version returns the version string of [PArtifact].
+func (t Toolchain) Version(p PArtifact) string {
+	t.construct(p)
+	return artifacts[t][p].v
+}
+
+// ResolveName returns a [PArtifact] by name.
+func ResolveName(name string) (p PArtifact, ok bool) {
+	for i := range PresetUnexportedStart {
+		if name == artifactsM[i].Name {
+			return i, true
+		}
+	}
+	return 0, false
+}

internal/rosa/all_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+package rosa_test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"hakurei.app/internal/rosa"
+)
+
+func TestLoad(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	for i := range rosa.PresetEnd {
+		p := rosa.PArtifact(i)
+		t.Run(rosa.GetMetadata(p).Name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			rosa.Std.Load(p)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func BenchmarkAll(b *testing.B) {
+	for b.Loop() {
+		for i := range rosa.PresetEnd {
+			rosa.Std.Load(rosa.PArtifact(i))
+		}
+
+		b.StopTimer()
+		rosa.DropCaches()
+		b.StartTimer()
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveName(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	for i := range rosa.PresetUnexportedStart {
+		p := i
+		name := rosa.GetMetadata(p).Name
+		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			if got, ok := rosa.ResolveName(name); !ok {
+				t.Fatal("ResolveName: ok = false")
+			} else if got != p {
+				t.Fatalf("ResolveName: %d, want %d", got, p)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+func TestResolveNameUnexported(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	for i := rosa.PresetUnexportedStart; i < rosa.PresetEnd; i++ {
+		p := i
+		name := rosa.GetMetadata(p).Name
+		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			if got, ok := rosa.ResolveName(name); ok {
+				t.Fatalf("ResolveName: resolved unexported preset %d", got)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUnique(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	names := make(map[string]struct{})
+	for i := range rosa.PresetEnd {
+		name := rosa.GetMetadata(rosa.PArtifact(i)).Name
+		if _, ok := names[name]; ok {
+			t.Fatalf("name %s is not unique", name)
+		}
+		names[name] = struct{}{}
+	}
+}

internal/rosa/argp-standalone.go

@@ -26,11 +26,11 @@ install -D -m755 libargp.a /work/system/lib/libargp.a
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+	artifactsM[ArgpStandalone] = Metadata{
 		f: Toolchain.newArgpStandalone,
 
 		Name:        "argp-standalone",
 		Description: "hierarchical argument parsing library broken out from glibc",
 		Website:     "http://www.lysator.liu.se/~nisse/misc/",
-	})
+	}
 }

internal/rosa/azalea/azalea.go

@@ -1,348 +0,0 @@
-// Package azalea implements a proof-of-concept, domain-specific language for
-// Rosa OS software packaging.
-package azalea
-
-import (
-	"errors"
-	"io"
-	"strconv"
-	"text/scanner"
-)
-
-// idents are runes accepted in an identifier.
-var idents = [...]bool{
-	'0': true, '1': true, '2': true, '3': true, '4': true, '5': true, '6': true,
-	'7': true, '8': true, '9': true,
-
-	'A': true, 'B': true, 'C': true, 'D': true, 'E': true, 'F': true, 'G': true,
-	'H': true, 'I': true, 'J': true, 'K': true, 'L': true, 'M': true, 'N': true,
-	'O': true, 'P': true, 'Q': true, 'R': true, 'S': true, 'T': true, 'U': true,
-	'V': true, 'W': true, 'X': true, 'Y': true, 'Z': true,
-
-	'a': true, 'b': true, 'c': true, 'd': true, 'e': true, 'f': true, 'g': true,
-	'h': true, 'i': true, 'j': true, 'k': true, 'l': true, 'm': true, 'n': true,
-	'o': true, 'p': true, 'q': true, 'r': true, 's': true, 't': true, 'u': true,
-	'v': true, 'w': true, 'x': true, 'y': true, 'z': true,
-
-	'-': true, '_': true,
-}
-
-// TokenError describes an unexpected token.
-type TokenError [2]rune
-
-func (e TokenError) Error() string {
-	return "expected " + scanner.TokenString(e[0]) +
-		", found " + scanner.TokenString(e[1])
-}
-
-// ExprError is an unexpected token encountered while parsing an expression.
-type ExprError rune
-
-func (e ExprError) Error() string {
-	return "unexpected token " + scanner.TokenString(rune(e))
-}
-
-// must1 returns v, or panics if err is not nil.
-func must1[T any](v T, err error) T {
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-	return v
-}
-
-// parser retains the current token.
-type parser struct {
-	s   scanner.Scanner
-	tok rune
-}
-
-// scan advances the underlying scanner to the next token, storing its result.
-func (p *parser) scan() rune { p.tok = p.s.Scan(); return p.tok }
-
-// expects panics with [TokenError] for an unexpected tok.
-func (p *parser) expects(expects rune) {
-	if p.tok != expects {
-		panic(TokenError{expects, p.tok})
-	}
-}
-
-// scanAs advances the scanner for an expected token.
-func (p *parser) scanAs(expects rune) { p.scan(); p.expects(expects) }
-
-// An Int is the value represented by an integer literal.
-type Int int64
-
-func (v Int) GoString() string {
-	return "azalea.Int(" + strconv.FormatInt(int64(v), 10) + ")"
-}
-
-// parseInt parses the current token as a base 10 representation of a 64-bit
-// signed integer.
-func (p *parser) parseInt() Int {
-	v, err := strconv.ParseInt(p.s.TokenText(), 10, 64)
-	return must1(Int(v), err)
-}
-
-// A String holds the unquoted content of a string literal.
-type String string
-
-func (v String) GoString() string {
-	return "azalea.String(" + strconv.Quote(string(v)) + ")"
-}
-
-// parseString parses the current token as a string.
-func (p *parser) parseString() String {
-	s, err := strconv.Unquote(p.s.TokenText())
-	return must1(String(s), err)
-}
-
-// An Ident holds the name of an identifier.
-type Ident string
-
-func (v Ident) GoString() string {
-	return "azalea.Ident(" + strconv.Quote(string(v)) + ")"
-}
-
-// A Val are statements joined by the '+' operator. Only the [String] type
-// supports concatenation.
-type Val []any
-
-// parseVal parses until the end of the [Val].
-func (p *parser) parseVal() (v Val) {
-	v = append(v, p.parseExpr())
-	for p.tok == '+' {
-		p.scan()
-		v = append(v, p.parseExpr())
-	}
-	return
-}
-
-// An Array holds statements in an array.
-type Array []Val
-
-// A KV holds a key/value pair.
-type KV struct {
-	K String
-	V Val
-}
-
-// An Arg represents an argument of [Func].
-type Arg struct {
-	K []Ident
-	V Val
-	R bool
-}
-
-// Func is a function call or package declaration.
-type Func struct {
-	// Function or package identifier.
-	Ident Ident
-	// Whether this is a package declaration.
-	Package bool
-	// Key-value arguments.
-	Args []Arg
-}
-
-// parseExpr parses the current expression.
-func (p *parser) parseExpr() any {
-	switch p.tok {
-	case scanner.Int:
-		v := p.parseInt()
-		p.scan()
-		return v
-
-	case scanner.String, scanner.RawString:
-		v := p.parseString()
-		p.scan()
-		return v
-
-	case scanner.Ident:
-		var v Func
-		v.Ident = Ident(p.s.TokenText())
-		if v.Package = v.Ident == "package"; v.Package {
-			p.scanAs(scanner.Ident)
-			v.Ident = Ident(p.s.TokenText())
-		}
-
-		p.scan()
-		switch p.tok {
-		case '{':
-			for {
-				p.scan()
-				switch p.tok {
-				case '}':
-					p.scan()
-					return v
-
-				case scanner.Ident:
-					break
-
-				default:
-					panic(TokenError{scanner.Ident, p.tok})
-				}
-
-				arg := Arg{K: []Ident{Ident(p.s.TokenText())}}
-				delim := true
-			arg:
-				for {
-					p.scan()
-					switch p.tok {
-					case ',':
-						if delim {
-							delim = false
-							continue
-						}
-						panic(ExprError(p.tok))
-
-					case scanner.Ident:
-						if delim {
-							panic(TokenError{',', p.tok})
-						}
-						delim = true
-						arg.K = append(arg.K, Ident(p.s.TokenText()))
-
-					default:
-						break arg
-					}
-				}
-				switch p.tok {
-				case '=':
-					break
-
-				case '*':
-					arg.R = true
-					p.scanAs('=')
-
-				default:
-					panic(TokenError{'=', p.tok})
-				}
-				p.scan()
-				arg.V = p.parseVal()
-				v.Args = append(v.Args, arg)
-				p.expects(';')
-			}
-
-		default:
-			return v.Ident
-		}
-
-	case '{':
-		var v []KV
-		for {
-			p.scan()
-			switch p.tok {
-			case '}':
-				p.scan()
-				return v
-
-			case scanner.String:
-				pair := KV{K: p.parseString()}
-				p.scan()
-				switch p.tok {
-				case ';':
-					break
-
-				case ':':
-					p.scan()
-					pair.V = p.parseVal()
-					p.expects(';')
-					break
-
-				default:
-					panic(ExprError(p.tok))
-				}
-				v = append(v, pair)
-
-			default:
-				panic(ExprError(p.tok))
-			}
-		}
-
-	case '[':
-		var (
-			v     Array
-			delim bool
-		)
-		p.scan()
-		for {
-			switch p.tok {
-			case ',':
-				if delim {
-					p.scan()
-					delim = false
-					continue
-				}
-				panic(ExprError(','))
-			case ']':
-				p.scan()
-				return v
-			case scanner.EOF:
-				panic(ExprError(scanner.EOF))
-			default:
-				if delim {
-					panic(TokenError{',', p.tok})
-				}
-				delim = true
-				break
-			}
-			v = append(v, p.parseVal())
-		}
-
-	default:
-		panic(ExprError(p.tok))
-	}
-}
-
-// ScanError is the error count parsing all expressions.
-type ScanError int
-
-func (ScanError) Error() string {
-	return "aborting due to scanning errors"
-}
-
-// Parse parses expressions from r.
-func Parse(r io.Reader) (e []any, err error) {
-	var p parser
-	p.s.Init(r)
-
-	p.s.Mode = scanner.ScanIdents |
-		scanner.ScanInts |
-		scanner.ScanStrings |
-		scanner.ScanRawStrings |
-		scanner.ScanComments |
-		scanner.SkipComments
-	p.s.IsIdentRune = func(ch rune, i int) bool {
-		if i == 0 && ch >= '0' && ch <= '9' {
-			return false
-		}
-		return ch > 0 && ch < rune(len(idents)) && idents[ch]
-	}
-
-	defer func() {
-		v := recover()
-		if v == nil {
-			return
-		}
-
-		_err, ok := v.(error)
-		if !ok {
-			panic(v)
-		}
-
-		if err == nil {
-			err = _err
-			return
-		}
-		err = errors.Join(err, _err)
-	}()
-
-	p.scan()
-	for p.tok != scanner.EOF {
-		e = append(e, p.parseExpr())
-	}
-
-	if p.s.ErrorCount != 0 {
-		err = ScanError(p.s.ErrorCount)
-	}
-	return
-}

internal/rosa/azalea/azalea_test.go

@@ -1,169 +0,0 @@
-package azalea_test
-
-import (
-	_ "embed"
-	"reflect"
-	"strings"
-	"testing"
-	"text/scanner"
-
-	. "hakurei.app/internal/rosa/azalea"
-)
-
-//go:embed testdata/gcc.az
-var sample string
-
-func TestParse(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	testCases := []struct {
-		name string
-		data string
-		want []any
-		err  error
-	}{
-		{"invalid", "}", nil, ExprError('}')},
-		{"bad sep", "f{v?}", nil, TokenError{'=', '?'}},
-		{"bad ident", "f{9}", nil, TokenError{scanner.Ident, scanner.Int}},
-		{"share bad sep", "f { v,,v = v; }", nil, ExprError(',')},
-		{"share missing sep", "f { v v }", nil, TokenError{',', scanner.Ident}},
-
-		{"ident", `v`, []any{Ident("v")}, nil},
-		{"concat", `f { v = v+"\xfd"+p{}+9; }`, []any{Func{
-			Ident: "f",
-
-			Args: []Arg{{K: []Ident{"v"}, V: Val{
-				Ident("v"),
-				String("\xfd"),
-				Func{Ident: "p"},
-				Int(9),
-			}}},
-		}}, nil},
-		{"truncated string concat", `f { v = v+; }`, nil,
-			ExprError(';')},
-
-		{"empty pairs", `{}`, []any{[]KV(nil)}, nil},
-		{"short kv", `{"\x00":v;}`, []any{[]KV{
-			{K: "\x00", V: Val{Ident("v")}},
-		}}, nil},
-		{"truncated kv", `{"\x00"`, nil, ExprError(scanner.EOF)},
-		{"ident kv", `{v="";}`, nil, ExprError(scanner.Ident)},
-
-		{"empty array", `[]`, []any{Array(nil)}, nil},
-		{"integer array", `[9]`, []any{Array{{Int(9)}}}, nil},
-		{"short array", `[ "\x00" ]`, []any{
-			Array{{String("\x00")}},
-		}, nil},
-		{"short array delim", `[ "\x00", ]`, []any{
-			Array{{String("\x00")}},
-		}, nil},
-		{"missing array value", `[ "\x00", , v ]`, nil, ExprError(',')},
-		{"missing array delimiter", `[ v0 v1 ]`, nil, TokenError{',', scanner.Ident}},
-		{"truncated array", `[ "\x00"`, nil,
-			ExprError(scanner.EOF)},
-
-		{"gcc", sample, []any{Func{
-			Ident:   Ident("gcc"),
-			Package: true,
-
-			Args: []Arg{
-				{K: []Ident{Ident("description")}, V: Val{String("The GNU Compiler Collection")}},
-				{K: []Ident{Ident("website")}, V: Val{String("https://www.gnu.org/software/gcc")}},
-				{K: []Ident{Ident("anitya")}, V: Val{Int(6502)}},
-
-				{K: []Ident{Ident("version")}, V: Val{String("16.1.0")}, R: true},
-				{K: []Ident{Ident("source")}, V: Val{Func{
-					Ident: Ident("remoteTar"),
-
-					Args: []Arg{
-						{K: []Ident{Ident("url")}, V: Val{
-							String("https://ftp.tsukuba.wide.ad.jp/software/gcc/releases/"),
-							String("gcc-"),
-							Ident("version"),
-							String("/gcc-"),
-							Ident("version"),
-							String(".tar.gz"),
-						}},
-						{K: []Ident{Ident("checksum")}, V: Val{String("4ASoWbxaA2FW7PAB0zzHDPC5XnNhyaAyjtDPpGzceSLeYnEIXsNYZR3PA_Zu5P0K")}},
-						{K: []Ident{Ident("compress")}, V: Val{Ident("gzip")}},
-					},
-				}}},
-				{K: []Ident{Ident("patches")}, V: Val{Array{
-					{String("musl-off64_t-loff_t.patch")},
-					{String("musl-legacy-lfs.patch")},
-				}}},
-
-				{K: []Ident{Ident("exclusive")}, V: Val{Ident("true")}},
-
-				{K: []Ident{Ident("exec")}, V: Val{Func{
-					Ident: Ident("make"),
-
-					Args: []Arg{
-						{K: []Ident{Ident("configure")}, V: Val{[]KV{
-							{K: String("disable-multilib")},
-							{K: String("enable-default-pie")},
-							{K: String("disable-nls")},
-							{K: String("with-gnu-as")},
-							{K: String("with-gnu-ld")},
-							{K: String("with-system-zlib")},
-							{K: String("enable-languages"), V: Val{String("c,c++,go")}},
-							{K: String("with-native-system-header-dir"), V: Val{String("/system/include")}},
-							{K: String("with-multilib-list"), V: Val{Func{
-								Ident: Ident("arch"),
-
-								Args: []Arg{
-									{K: []Ident{Ident("amd64"), Ident("arm64")}, V: Val{String("''")}},
-									{K: []Ident{Ident("default")}, V: Val{Ident("unset")}},
-								},
-							}}},
-						}}},
-						{K: []Ident{Ident("make")}, V: Val{Array{
-							{String("BOOT_CFLAGS='-O2 -g'")},
-							{
-								Func{Ident: Ident("noop"), Args: []Arg{{K: []Ident{Ident("key")}, V: Val{Ident("value")}}}},
-								String("\x00"),
-							},
-							{String("bootstrap")},
-						}}},
-
-						{K: []Ident{Ident("skip-check")}, V: Val{Ident("true")}},
-					},
-				}}},
-
-				{K: []Ident{Ident("inputs")}, V: Val{Array{
-					{Ident("binutils")},
-					{Ident("mpc")},
-					{Ident("zlib")},
-					{Ident("libucontext")},
-					{Ident("kernel-headers")},
-				}}},
-			},
-		}}, nil},
-	}
-	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			t.Parallel()
-
-			p, err := Parse(strings.NewReader(tc.data))
-			if !reflect.DeepEqual(p, tc.want) {
-				t.Errorf("Parse: %#v, want %#v", p, tc.want)
-			}
-			if !reflect.DeepEqual(err, tc.err) {
-				t.Errorf("Parse: error = %v, want %v", err, tc.err)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func BenchmarkParse(b *testing.B) {
-	r := strings.NewReader(sample)
-	for b.Loop() {
-		if _, err := Parse(r); err != nil {
-			b.Fatal(err)
-		}
-
-		b.StopTimer()
-		r.Reset(sample)
-		b.StartTimer()
-	}
-}

internal/rosa/azalea/evaluate.go

@@ -1,308 +0,0 @@
-package azalea
-
-import (
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"maps"
-	"reflect"
-	"unique"
-)
-
-// Value are types supported by the language.
-type Value interface {
-	bool | int64 | string | []string | [][2]string
-}
-
-type (
-	// FArg is an argument passed to [F].
-	FArg struct {
-		K unique.Handle[Ident]
-		V any
-		R bool
-	}
-	// FArgs are arguments passed to [F].
-	FArgs []FArg
-
-	// F is the implementation of a [Func].
-	F struct {
-		F func(isPackage bool, args FArgs) (v any, set bool, err error)
-		V map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any
-	}
-)
-
-// Apply applies named arguments and rejects unused arguments.
-func (args FArgs) Apply(v map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any) error {
-	for _, arg := range args {
-		if arg.V == nil {
-			// unset
-			continue
-		}
-
-		r, ok := v[arg.K]
-		if !ok {
-			if arg.R {
-				continue
-			}
-			return UndefinedError(arg.K.Value())
-		}
-		err := storeE(r, arg.V)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// A Frame refers to local variables and debugging information.
-type Frame struct {
-	// Local constants.
-	Val map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any
-	// Functions.
-	Func map[unique.Handle[Ident]]F
-}
-
-// UnsupportedExprError is an expression with invalid concrete type.
-type UnsupportedExprError struct{ E any }
-
-func (e UnsupportedExprError) Error() string {
-	return fmt.Sprintf("unsupported expression %#v", e.E)
-}
-
-// UndefinedError is an identifier not defined in any stack frame visible to the
-// expression containing it.
-type UndefinedError Ident
-
-func (e UndefinedError) Error() string {
-	return "undefined: " + string(e)
-}
-
-// evaluate is evaluateAny with a type parameter.
-func evaluate[T Value](s []Frame, expr any, rp *T) bool {
-	return evaluateAny(s, expr, rp)
-}
-
-// TypeError is an unexpected type during evaluation.
-type TypeError struct {
-	Concrete, Asserted reflect.Type
-}
-
-func (e TypeError) Error() string {
-	return "expected " + e.Asserted.String() + ", got " + e.Concrete.String()
-}
-
-func (e TypeError) Is(err error) bool {
-	var v TypeError
-	return errors.As(err, &v) &&
-		e.Asserted == v.Asserted &&
-		e.Concrete == v.Concrete
-}
-
-// storeE is a convenience function to set the value of a result pointer.
-func storeE(rp any, r any) error {
-	pv := reflect.ValueOf(rp).Elem()
-	v := reflect.ValueOf(r)
-	pt, vt := pv.Type(), v.Type()
-	if !vt.AssignableTo(pt) {
-		return TypeError{vt, pt}
-	}
-	pv.Set(v)
-	return nil
-}
-
-// store is like storeE, but panics if error is non-nil.
-func store[T Value](rp any, r T) {
-	err := storeE(rp, r)
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-}
-
-// EvaluationError is an error and the expression it occurred in.
-type EvaluationError struct {
-	Expr any
-	Err  error
-}
-
-// Unwrap returns the underlying error.
-func (e EvaluationError) Unwrap() error { return e.Err }
-
-// Error returns a very long error description that should not be presented
-// to the user directly.
-func (e EvaluationError) Error() string {
-	return fmt.Sprintf("expression %#v: %v", e.Expr, e.Err)
-}
-
-// evaluateAny implements [Evaluate].
-func evaluateAny(s []Frame, expr, rp any) bool {
-	defer func() {
-		r := recover()
-		if r == nil {
-			return
-		}
-
-		err, ok := r.(error)
-		if !ok {
-			panic(r)
-		}
-
-		if _, ok = err.(EvaluationError); ok {
-			panic(err)
-		}
-		panic(EvaluationError{expr, err})
-	}()
-
-	switch e := expr.(type) {
-	case Int:
-		store(rp, int64(e))
-		return true
-
-	case String:
-		store(rp, string(e))
-		return true
-
-	case Ident:
-		var (
-			v  any
-			ok bool
-		)
-		for i := range s {
-			v, ok = s[len(s)-1-i].Val[unique.Make(e)]
-			if ok {
-				break
-			}
-		}
-		if !ok {
-			panic(UndefinedError(e))
-		}
-		if err := storeE(rp, v); err != nil {
-			panic(err)
-		}
-		return true
-
-	case Val:
-		if len(e) == 1 {
-			switch v := e[0].(type) {
-			case Ident:
-				switch v {
-				case "unset":
-					return false
-				case "true":
-					store(rp, true)
-					return true
-				case "false":
-					store(rp, false)
-					return true
-				default:
-					return evaluateAny(s, v, rp)
-				}
-
-			default:
-				return evaluateAny(s, e[0], rp)
-			}
-		}
-		var v string
-		for i := range e {
-			var _r string
-			if evaluate(s, e[i], &_r) {
-				v += _r
-			}
-		}
-		store(rp, v)
-		return true
-
-	case Array:
-		r := make([]string, 0, len(e))
-		for i := range e {
-			var _r string
-			if evaluate(s, e[i], &_r) {
-				r = append(r, _r)
-			}
-		}
-		store(rp, r)
-		return true
-
-	case []KV:
-		r := make([][2]string, 0, len(e))
-		for i := range e {
-			var _r string
-			if e[i].V == nil || evaluate(s, e[i].V, &_r) {
-				r = append(r, [2]string{string(e[i].K), _r})
-			}
-		}
-		store(rp, r)
-		return true
-
-	case Func:
-		var (
-			f  F
-			ok bool
-		)
-		for i := range s {
-			f, ok = s[len(s)-1-i].Func[unique.Make(e.Ident)]
-			if ok {
-				break
-			}
-		}
-		if !ok {
-			panic(UndefinedError(e.Ident))
-		}
-
-		argc := len(e.Args)
-		for _, arg := range e.Args {
-			argc += len(arg.K) - 1
-		}
-		fargs := make([]FArg, 0, len(e.Args))
-		s = append(s, Frame{Val: maps.Clone(f.V)})
-		fp := &s[len(s)-1]
-
-		for _, arg := range e.Args {
-			farg := FArg{R: arg.R}
-			if !evaluateAny(s, arg.V, &farg.V) {
-				farg.V = nil
-			}
-			for _, name := range arg.K {
-				h := unique.Make(name)
-				farg.K = h
-				fargs = append(fargs, farg)
-
-				if arg.R && farg.V != nil {
-					if fp.Val == nil {
-						fp.Val = make(map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any)
-					}
-					(*fp).Val[h] = farg.V
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
-		v, set, err := f.F(e.Package, fargs)
-		if err != nil {
-			panic(err)
-		} else if v != nil {
-			if err = storeE(rp, v); err != nil {
-				panic(err)
-			}
-		}
-		return set
-
-	default:
-		panic(UnsupportedExprError{expr})
-	}
-}
-
-// Evaluate evaluates a statement and returns its value.
-func Evaluate[T Value](s []Frame, expr any) (v T, set bool, err error) {
-	defer func() {
-		r := recover()
-		if r == nil {
-			return
-		}
-
-		_err, ok := r.(error)
-		if !ok {
-			panic(r)
-		}
-		err = _err
-	}()
-	set = evaluate[T](s, expr, &v)
-	return
-}

internal/rosa/azalea/evaluate_test.go

@@ -1,358 +0,0 @@
-package azalea_test
-
-import (
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"reflect"
-	"strings"
-	"testing"
-	"unique"
-
-	. "hakurei.app/internal/rosa/azalea"
-)
-
-// makeStackCheck creates a stack with a single frame with a single function "f"
-// which calls the check function internally.
-func makeStackCheck(check func(args FArgs) (any, error)) []Frame {
-	return []Frame{{Func: map[unique.Handle[Ident]]F{
-		unique.Make(Ident("f")): {F: func(
-			isPackage bool,
-			args FArgs,
-		) (v any, set bool, err error) {
-			set = true
-			v, err = check(args)
-			if isPackage {
-				err = errors.New("unexpected package")
-			}
-			return
-		}},
-	}}}
-}
-
-func TestEvaluate(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	testCases := []struct {
-		name string
-		data string
-		s    []Frame
-		want string
-		err  error
-	}{
-		{"apply unset", `f { v = unset; }`, makeStackCheck(func(
-			args FArgs,
-		) (v any, err error) {
-			v = "\xfd"
-			err = args.Apply(map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any{
-				unique.Make(Ident("v")): &v,
-			})
-			return
-		}), "\xfd", nil},
-
-		{"apply bad type", `f { v = 9; }`, makeStackCheck(func(
-			args FArgs,
-		) (v any, err error) {
-			v = "\xfd"
-			err = args.Apply(map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any{
-				unique.Make(Ident("v")): &v,
-			})
-			return
-		}), "", TypeError{
-			Concrete: reflect.TypeFor[int64](),
-			Asserted: reflect.TypeFor[string](),
-		}},
-
-		{"apply undefined", `f { v = 9; }`, makeStackCheck(func(
-			args FArgs,
-		) (v any, err error) {
-			v = "\xfd"
-			err = args.Apply(map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any{})
-			return
-		}), "", EvaluationError{
-			Expr: Func{
-				Ident: Ident("f"),
-				Args: []Arg{
-					{K: []Ident{"v"}, V: Val{Int(9)}},
-				},
-			},
-			Err: UndefinedError("v"),
-		}},
-
-		{"apply bound undefined", `f { _v* = "\x00"; v = _v; }`, makeStackCheck(func(
-			args FArgs,
-		) (v any, err error) {
-			v = "\xfd"
-			err = args.Apply(map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any{
-				unique.Make(Ident("v")): &v,
-			})
-			return
-		}), "\x00", nil},
-
-		{"undefined function", `f {}`, nil, "", EvaluationError{
-			Expr: Func{Ident: "f"},
-			Err:  UndefinedError("f"),
-		}},
-
-		{"error wrap deep", `f { v = nil; }`, makeStackCheck(func(
-			FArgs,
-		) (any, error) {
-			panic("unreachable")
-		}), "", EvaluationError{
-			Expr: Ident("nil"),
-			Err:  UndefinedError("nil"),
-		}},
-	}
-	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			t.Parallel()
-
-			var expr Func
-			if e, err := Parse(strings.NewReader(tc.data)); err != nil {
-				t.Fatal(err)
-			} else if len(e) != 1 {
-				t.Fatalf("got expression %#v", e)
-			} else {
-				expr = e[0].(Func)
-			}
-			r, set, err := Evaluate[string](tc.s, expr)
-			if set != (err == nil) {
-				t.Error("Evaluate: unexpected unset")
-			}
-
-			if r != tc.want {
-				t.Errorf("Evaluate: %q, want %q", r, tc.want)
-			}
-
-			var errEquals bool
-			if errors.As(err, new(TypeError)) {
-				errEquals = errors.Is(err, tc.err)
-			} else {
-				errEquals = reflect.DeepEqual(err, tc.err)
-			}
-			if !errEquals {
-				t.Errorf("Evaluate: error = %v, want %v", err, tc.err)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestEvaluateGCC(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	var gcc Func
-	if e, err := Parse(strings.NewReader(sample)); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	} else {
-		gcc = e[0].(Func)
-	}
-
-	var got [3]FArgs
-	if r, set, err := Evaluate[string]([]Frame{{
-		Func: map[unique.Handle[Ident]]F{
-			unique.Make(Ident("gcc")): {F: func(
-				isPackage bool,
-				args FArgs,
-			) (v any, set bool, err error) {
-				v = "\x00"
-				if !isPackage {
-					err = errors.New("not a package")
-				}
-				set = true
-				got[0] = args
-				return
-			}, V: map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any{
-				unique.Make(Ident("binutils")):       "binutils",
-				unique.Make(Ident("mpc")):            "mpc",
-				unique.Make(Ident("zlib")):           "zlib",
-				unique.Make(Ident("libucontext")):    "libucontext",
-				unique.Make(Ident("kernel-headers")): "kernel-headers",
-			}},
-
-			unique.Make(Ident("remoteTar")): {F: func(
-				isPackage bool,
-				args FArgs,
-			) (v any, set bool, err error) {
-				if isPackage {
-					err = errors.New("unexpected package")
-					return
-				}
-
-				var url, checksum string
-				var compress int
-				if err = args.Apply(map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any{
-					unique.Make(Ident("url")):      &url,
-					unique.Make(Ident("checksum")): &checksum,
-					unique.Make(Ident("compress")): &compress,
-				}); err != nil {
-					return
-				}
-
-				if compress != 0xcafe {
-					err = fmt.Errorf("unexpected compress %#v", compress)
-				}
-				set = true
-				v = url + "?checksum=" + checksum
-				return
-			}, V: map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any{
-				unique.Make(Ident("gzip")): 0xcafe,
-			}},
-
-			unique.Make(Ident("make")): {F: func(
-				isPackage bool,
-				args FArgs,
-			) (v any, set bool, err error) {
-				v = args
-				if isPackage {
-					err = errors.New("unexpected package")
-				}
-				set = true
-				return
-			}},
-
-			unique.Make(Ident("arch")): {F: func(
-				isPackage bool,
-				args FArgs,
-			) (v any, set bool, err error) {
-				set = false
-				if isPackage {
-					err = errors.New("unexpected package")
-				}
-				got[1] = args
-				return
-			}},
-
-			unique.Make(Ident("noop")): {F: func(
-				isPackage bool,
-				args FArgs,
-			) (v any, set bool, err error) {
-				set = false
-				if isPackage {
-					err = errors.New("unexpected package")
-				}
-				set = true
-				got[2] = args
-				return
-			}, V: map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any{
-				unique.Make(Ident("value")): "\xfd",
-			}},
-		},
-	}}, gcc); err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	} else if r != "\x00" {
-		t.Fatalf("package: %q", r)
-	} else if !set {
-		t.Fatal("package: unset")
-	}
-
-	want := [...]FArgs{
-		{
-			{K: unique.Make(Ident("description")), V: "The GNU Compiler Collection"},
-			{K: unique.Make(Ident("website")), V: "https://www.gnu.org/software/gcc"},
-			{K: unique.Make(Ident("anitya")), V: int64(6502)},
-
-			{K: unique.Make(Ident("version")), V: "16.1.0", R: true},
-			{K: unique.Make(Ident("source")), V: "https://ftp.tsukuba.wide.ad.jp/software/gcc/releases/gcc-16.1.0/gcc-16.1.0.tar.gz?checksum=4ASoWbxaA2FW7PAB0zzHDPC5XnNhyaAyjtDPpGzceSLeYnEIXsNYZR3PA_Zu5P0K"},
-			{K: unique.Make(Ident("patches")), V: []string{"musl-off64_t-loff_t.patch", "musl-legacy-lfs.patch"}},
-
-			{K: unique.Make(Ident("exclusive")), V: true},
-			{K: unique.Make(Ident("exec")), V: FArgs{
-				{K: unique.Make(Ident("configure")), V: [][2]string{
-					{"disable-multilib", ""},
-					{"enable-default-pie", ""},
-					{"disable-nls", ""},
-					{"with-gnu-as", ""},
-					{"with-gnu-ld", ""},
-					{"with-system-zlib", ""},
-					{"enable-languages", "c,c++,go"},
-					{"with-native-system-header-dir", "/system/include"},
-				}},
-				{K: unique.Make(Ident("make")), V: []string{
-					"BOOT_CFLAGS='-O2 -g'",
-					"\x00",
-					"bootstrap",
-				}},
-				{K: unique.Make(Ident("skip-check")), V: true},
-			}},
-
-			{K: unique.Make(Ident("inputs")), V: []string{
-				"binutils",
-				"mpc",
-				"zlib",
-				"libucontext",
-				"kernel-headers",
-			}},
-		},
-		{
-			{K: unique.Make(Ident("amd64")), V: "''"},
-			{K: unique.Make(Ident("arm64")), V: "''"},
-			{K: unique.Make(Ident("default"))},
-		},
-		{{K: unique.Make(Ident("key")), V: "\xfd"}},
-	}
-	if !reflect.DeepEqual(got, want) {
-		t.Errorf("package: args = %#v, want %#v", got, want)
-	}
-}
-
-func BenchmarkEvaluate(b *testing.B) {
-	var gcc Func
-	if e, err := Parse(strings.NewReader(sample)); err != nil {
-		b.Fatal(err)
-	} else {
-		gcc = e[0].(Func)
-	}
-
-	s := []Frame{{
-		Func: map[unique.Handle[Ident]]F{
-			unique.Make(Ident("gcc")): {F: func(
-				bool,
-				FArgs,
-			) (v any, set bool, err error) {
-				return
-			}, V: map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any{
-				unique.Make(Ident("binutils")):       "binutils",
-				unique.Make(Ident("mpc")):            "mpc",
-				unique.Make(Ident("zlib")):           "zlib",
-				unique.Make(Ident("libucontext")):    "libucontext",
-				unique.Make(Ident("kernel-headers")): "kernel-headers",
-			}},
-
-			unique.Make(Ident("remoteTar")): {F: func(
-				bool,
-				FArgs,
-			) (v any, set bool, err error) {
-				return
-			}, V: map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any{
-				unique.Make(Ident("gzip")): 0xcafe,
-			}},
-
-			unique.Make(Ident("make")): {F: func(
-				bool,
-				FArgs,
-			) (v any, set bool, err error) {
-				return
-			}},
-
-			unique.Make(Ident("arch")): {F: func(
-				bool,
-				FArgs,
-			) (v any, set bool, err error) {
-				return
-			}},
-
-			unique.Make(Ident("noop")): {F: func(
-				bool,
-				FArgs,
-			) (v any, set bool, err error) {
-				return
-			}, V: map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any{
-				unique.Make(Ident("value")): "\xfd",
-			}},
-		},
-	}}
-	for b.Loop() {
-		if _, _, err := Evaluate[string](s, gcc); err != nil {
-			b.Fatal(err)
-		}
-	}
-}

internal/rosa/azalea/testdata/gcc.az

@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
-package gcc {
-	description = "The GNU Compiler Collection";
-	website = "https://www.gnu.org/software/gcc";
-	anitya = 6502;
-
-	version* = "16.1.0";
-	source = remoteTar {
-		url = "https://ftp.tsukuba.wide.ad.jp/software/gcc/releases/"+
-			"gcc-"+version+"/gcc-"+version+".tar.gz";
-		checksum = "4ASoWbxaA2FW7PAB0zzHDPC5XnNhyaAyjtDPpGzceSLeYnEIXsNYZR3PA_Zu5P0K";
-		compress = gzip;
-	};
-	patches = [
-		"musl-off64_t-loff_t.patch",
-		"musl-legacy-lfs.patch",
-	];
-
-	// GCC spends most of its time in its many configure scripts, however
-	// it also saturates the CPU for a consequential amount of time.
-	exclusive = true;
-
-	exec = make {
-		configure = {
-			"disable-multilib";
-			"enable-default-pie";
-			"disable-nls";
-			"with-gnu-as";
-			"with-gnu-ld";
-			"with-system-zlib";
-			"enable-languages": "c,c++,go";
-			"with-native-system-header-dir": "/system/include";
-			"with-multilib-list": arch {
-				amd64, arm64 = "''";
-				default = unset;
-			};
-		};
-		make = [
-			"BOOT_CFLAGS='-O2 -g'",
-			noop { key = value; } + "\x00",
-			"bootstrap",
-		];
-
-		// This toolchain is hacked to pieces, it is not expected to ever work
-		// well in its current state. That does not matter as long as the
-		// toolchain it produces passes its own test suite.
-		skip-check = true;
-	};
-
-	inputs = [
-		binutils,
-
-		mpc,
-		zlib,
-		libucontext,
-		kernel-headers,
-	];
-}

internal/rosa/busybox.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
+	"runtime"
 	"time"
 
 	"hakurei.app/fhs"
@@ -85,13 +86,13 @@ func (a busyboxBin) Cure(t *pkg.TContext) (err error) {
 
 // newBusyboxBin returns a [pkg.Artifact] containing a busybox installation from
 // the https://busybox.net/downloads/binaries/ binary release.
-func (s *S) newBusyboxBin() pkg.Artifact {
+func newBusyboxBin() pkg.Artifact {
 	var version, url, checksum string
-	switch s.arch {
+	switch runtime.GOARCH {
 	case "amd64":
 		version = "1.35.0"
 		url = "https://busybox.net/downloads/binaries/" +
-			version + "-" + s.linuxArch() + "-linux-musl/busybox"
+			version + "-" + linuxArch() + "-linux-musl/busybox"
 		checksum = "L7OBIsPu9enNHn7FqpBT1kOg_mCLNmetSeNMA3i4Y60Z5jTgnlX3qX3zcQtLx5AB"
 	case "arm64":
 		version = "1.31.0"
@@ -100,11 +101,11 @@ func (s *S) newBusyboxBin() pkg.Artifact {
 		checksum = "npJjBO7iwhjW6Kx2aXeSxf8kXhVgTCDChOZTTsI8ZfFfa3tbsklxRiidZQdrVERg"
 
 	default:
-		panic("unsupported target " + s.arch)
+		panic("unsupported target " + runtime.GOARCH)
 	}
 
 	return pkg.NewExec(
-		"busybox-bin-"+version, s.arch, nil, pkg.ExecTimeoutMax, false, false,
+		"busybox-bin-"+version, nil, pkg.ExecTimeoutMax, false,
 		fhs.AbsRoot, []string{
 			"PATH=/system/bin",
 		},

internal/rosa/bzip2.go

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newBzip2() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	}), version
 }
 func init() {
-	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+	artifactsM[Bzip2] = Metadata{
 		f: Toolchain.newBzip2,
 
 		Name:        "bzip2",
@@ -34,5 +34,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://sourceware.org/bzip2/",
 
 		ID: 237,
-	})
+	}
 }

internal/rosa/cmake.go

@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ import (
 
 func (t Toolchain) newCMake() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
-		version  = "4.3.2"
-		checksum = "6QylwRVKletndTSkZTV2YBRwgd_9rUVgav_QW23HpjUgV21AVYZOUOal8tdBDmO7"
+		version  = "4.3.1"
+		checksum = "RHpzZiM1kJ5bwLjo9CpXSeHJJg3hTtV9QxBYpQoYwKFtRh5YhGWpShrqZCSOzQN6"
 	)
 	return t.NewPackage("cmake", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
 		"Kitware/CMake",
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ index 2ead810437..f85cbb8b1c 100644
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+	artifactsM[CMake] = Metadata{
 		f: Toolchain.newCMake,
 
 		Name:        "cmake",
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://cmake.org/",
 
 		ID: 306,
-	})
+	}
 }
 
 // CMakeHelper is the [CMake] build system helper.
@@ -122,18 +122,11 @@ type CMakeHelper struct {
 	// Path elements joined with source.
 	Append []string
 
-	// Value of CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE. The zero value is equivalent to "Release".
-	BuildType string
 	// CMake CACHE entries.
 	Cache []KV
 	// Runs after install.
 	Script string
 
-	// Replaces the default test command.
-	Test string
-	// Whether to skip running tests.
-	SkipTest bool
-
 	// Whether to generate Makefile instead.
 	Make bool
 }
@@ -164,32 +157,22 @@ func (*CMakeHelper) createDir() bool { return true }
 func (*CMakeHelper) wantsDir() string { return "/cure/" }
 
 // script generates the cure script.
-func (attr *CMakeHelper) script(s *S, name string) string {
+func (attr *CMakeHelper) script(name string) string {
 	if attr == nil {
-		attr = new(CMakeHelper)
+		attr = &CMakeHelper{
+			Cache: []KV{
+				{"CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE", "Release"},
+			},
+		}
+	}
+	if len(attr.Cache) == 0 {
+		panic("CACHE must be non-empty")
 	}
 
 	generate := "Ninja"
-	test := "ninja " + jobsFlagE + " test"
 	if attr.Make {
 		generate = "'Unix Makefiles'"
-		test = "make " + jobsFlagE + " test"
 	}
-	if attr.Test != "" {
-		test = attr.Test
-	}
-
-	script := attr.Script
-	if !attr.SkipTest && s.opts&OptSkipCheck == 0 {
-		script += "\n" + test
-	}
-
-	cache := make([]KV, 1, 1+len(attr.Cache))
-	cache[0] = KV{"CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE", "Release"}
-	if attr.BuildType != "" {
-		cache[0][1] = attr.BuildType
-	}
-	cache = append(cache, attr.Cache...)
 
 	return `
 cmake -G ` + generate + ` \
@@ -198,7 +181,7 @@ cmake -G ` + generate + ` \
 	-DCMAKE_ASM_COMPILER_TARGET="${ROSA_TRIPLE}" \
 	-DCMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR=lib \
 	` + strings.Join(slices.Collect(func(yield func(string) bool) {
-		for _, v := range cache {
+		for _, v := range attr.Cache {
 			if !yield("-D" + v[0] + "=" + v[1]) {
 				return
 			}
@@ -208,5 +191,5 @@ cmake -G ` + generate + ` \
 	'/usr/src/` + name + `/` + filepath.Join(attr.Append...) + `'
 cmake --build . --parallel=` + jobsE + `
 cmake --install . --prefix=/work/system
-` + script
+` + attr.Script
 }

internal/rosa/connman.go

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newConnman() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+	artifactsM[Connman] = Metadata{
 		f: Toolchain.newConnman,
 
 		Name:        "connman",
@@ -105,5 +105,5 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 337,
-	})
+	}
 }

internal/rosa/curl.go

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 
 func (t Toolchain) newCurl() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
-		version  = "8.20.0"
-		checksum = "xyHXwrngIRGMasuzhn-I5MSCOhktwINbsWt1f_LuR-5jRVvyx_g6U1EQfDLEbr9r"
+		version  = "8.19.0"
+		checksum = "YHuVLVVp8q_Y7-JWpID5ReNjq2Zk6t7ArHB6ngQXilp_R5l3cubdxu3UKo-xDByv"
 	)
 	return t.NewPackage("curl", version, newTar(
 		"https://curl.se/download/curl-"+version+".tar.bz2",
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ chmod +w tests/data && rm -f tests/data/test459
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+	artifactsM[Curl] = Metadata{
 		f: Toolchain.newCurl,
 
 		Name:        "curl",
@@ -52,5 +52,5 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 381,
-	})
+	}
 }

internal/rosa/dbus.go

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newDBus() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+	artifactsM[DBus] = Metadata{
 		f: Toolchain.newDBus,
 
 		Name:        "dbus",
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 5356,
-	})
+	}
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newXDGDBusProxy() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newXDGDBusProxy() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+	artifactsM[XDGDBusProxy] = Metadata{
 		f: Toolchain.newXDGDBusProxy,
 
 		Name:        "xdg-dbus-proxy",
@@ -77,5 +77,5 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 58434,
-	})
+	}
 }

internal/rosa/dtc.go

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newDTC() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+	artifactsM[DTC] = Metadata{
 		f: Toolchain.newDTC,
 
 		Name:        "dtc",
@@ -39,5 +39,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/utils/dtc/dtc.git/",
 
 		ID: 16911,
-	})
+	}
 }

internal/rosa/elfutils.go

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newElfutils() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+	artifactsM[Elfutils] = Metadata{
 		f: Toolchain.newElfutils,
 
 		Name:        "elfutils",
@@ -55,5 +55,5 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 5679,
-	})
+	}
 }

internal/rosa/fakeroot.go

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ index f135ad9..85c784c 100644
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+	artifactsM[Fakeroot] = Metadata{
 		f: Toolchain.newFakeroot,
 
 		Name:        "fakeroot",
@@ -54,5 +54,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://salsa.debian.org/clint/fakeroot",
 
 		ID: 12048,
-	})
+	}
 }

internal/rosa/flex.go

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newFlex() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+	artifactsM[Flex] = Metadata{
 		f: Toolchain.newFlex,
 
 		Name:        "flex",
@@ -28,5 +28,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://github.com/westes/flex/",
 
 		ID: 819,
-	})
+	}
 }

internal/rosa/freetype.go

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-package rosa
-
-import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
-
-func (t Toolchain) newFreetype() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-	const (
-		version  = "2.14.3"
-		checksum = "-WfLv8fVJNyCHpP_lriiDzOcVbBL9ajdQ3tl8AzIIUa9-8sVpU9irxOmSMgRHWYz"
-	)
-	return t.NewPackage("freetype", version, newTar(
-		"https://download.savannah.gnu.org/releases/freetype/"+
-			"freetype-"+version+".tar.gz",
-		checksum,
-		pkg.TarGzip,
-	), nil, (*MakeHelper)(nil)), version
-}
-func init() {
-	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
-		f: Toolchain.newFreetype,
-
-		Name:        "freetype",
-		Description: "a freely available software library to render fonts",
-		Website:     "http://www.freetype.org/",
-
-		ID: 854,
-	})
-}

internal/rosa/fuse.go

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newFuse() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+	artifactsM[Fuse] = Metadata{
 		f: Toolchain.newFuse,
 
 		Name:        "fuse",
@@ -39,5 +39,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://github.com/libfuse/libfuse/",
 
 		ID: 861,
-	})
+	}
 }

internal/rosa/git.go

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ import (
 
 func (t Toolchain) newGit() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
-		version  = "2.54.0"
-		checksum = "7vGKtFOJGqY8DO4e8UMRax7dLgImXKQz5MMalec6MlgYrsarffSJjgOughwRFpSH"
+		version  = "2.53.0"
+		checksum = "rlqSTeNgSeVKJA7nvzGqddFH8q3eFEPB4qRZft-4zth8wTHnbTbm7J90kp_obHGm"
 	)
 	return t.NewPackage("git", version, newTar(
 		"https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/"+
@@ -20,9 +20,6 @@ func (t Toolchain) newGit() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), &PackageAttr{
 		ScriptEarly: `
 ln -s ../../system/bin/perl /usr/bin/ || true
-
-# test suite assumes apache
-rm -f /system/bin/httpd
 `,
 
 		// uses source tree as scratch space
@@ -41,7 +38,6 @@ function disable_test {
 	fi
 }
 
-disable_test t1800-hook
 disable_test t5319-multi-pack-index
 disable_test t1305-config-include
 disable_test t3900-i18n-commit
@@ -55,14 +51,6 @@ disable_test t9300-fast-import
 disable_test t0211-trace2-perf
 disable_test t1517-outside-repo
 disable_test t2200-add-update
-disable_test t0027-auto-crlf
-disable_test t7513-interpret-trailers
-disable_test t7703-repack-geometric
-disable_test t7002-mv-sparse-checkout
-disable_test t1451-fsck-buffer
-disable_test t4104-apply-boundary
-disable_test t4200-rerere
-disable_test t5515-fetch-merge-logic
 `,
 		Check: []string{
 			"-C t",
@@ -75,9 +63,6 @@ disable_test t5515-fetch-merge-logic
 	NO_INSTALL_HARDLINKS=1 \
 	install`,
 	},
-		// test suite hangs on mksh
-		Bash,
-
 		Diffutils,
 		Autoconf,
 		Gettext,
@@ -88,7 +73,7 @@ disable_test t5515-fetch-merge-logic
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+	artifactsM[Git] = Metadata{
 		f: Toolchain.newGit,
 
 		Name:        "git",
@@ -102,7 +87,7 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 5350,
-	})
+	}
 }
 
 // NewViaGit returns a [pkg.Artifact] for cloning a git repository.
@@ -113,7 +98,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) NewViaGit(
 	return t.New(strings.TrimSuffix(
 		path.Base(url),
 		".git",
-	)+"-src-"+path.Base(rev), THostNet, t.Append(nil,
+	)+"-src-"+path.Base(rev), 0, t.AppendPresets(nil,
 		NSSCACert,
 		Git,
 	), &checksum, nil, `

internal/rosa/glslang.go

@@ -17,12 +17,13 @@ func (t Toolchain) newSPIRVHeaders() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 		"vulkan-sdk-"+version,
 		checksum,
 	), nil, &CMakeHelper{
-		// upstream has no tests
-		SkipTest: true,
+		Cache: []KV{
+			{"CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE", "Release"},
+		},
 	}), version
 }
 func init() {
-	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+	artifactsM[SPIRVHeaders] = Metadata{
 		f: Toolchain.newSPIRVHeaders,
 
 		Name:        "spirv-headers",
@@ -49,7 +50,7 @@ func init() {
 			}
 			return v.Latest
 		},
-	})
+	}
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newSPIRVTools() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -63,6 +64,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newSPIRVTools() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 		checksum,
 	), nil, &CMakeHelper{
 		Cache: []KV{
+			{"CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE", "Release"},
 			{"SPIRV-Headers_SOURCE_DIR", "/system"},
 		},
 	},
@@ -72,7 +74,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newSPIRVTools() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+	artifactsM[SPIRVTools] = Metadata{
 		f: Toolchain.newSPIRVTools,
 
 		Name:        "spirv-tools",
@@ -84,15 +86,13 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 14894,
-
-		latest: (*Versions).getStable,
-	})
+	}
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newGlslang() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
-		version  = "16.3.0"
-		checksum = "xyqDf8k3-D0_BXHGi0uLgMglnJ05Rf3j73QgbDs3sGtKNdBIQhY8JfqX1NcNoJQN"
+		version  = "16.2.0"
+		checksum = "6_UuF9reLRDaVkgO-9IfB3kMwme3lQZM8LL8YsJwPdUFkrjzxJtf2A9X3w9nFxj2"
 	)
 	return t.NewPackage("glslang", version, newFromGitHub(
 		"KhronosGroup/glslang",
@@ -104,9 +104,11 @@ func (t Toolchain) newGlslang() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 		Chmod:    true,
 	}, &CMakeHelper{
 		Cache: []KV{
+			{"CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE", "Release"},
 			{"BUILD_SHARED_LIBS", "ON"},
 			{"ALLOW_EXTERNAL_SPIRV_TOOLS", "ON"},
 		},
+		Script: "ctest",
 	},
 		Python,
 		Bash,
@@ -116,7 +118,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newGlslang() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+	artifactsM[Glslang] = Metadata{
 		f: Toolchain.newGlslang,
 
 		Name:        "glslang",
@@ -124,125 +126,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://github.com/KhronosGroup/glslang",
 
 		ID: 205796,
-	})
-}
-
-func (t Toolchain) newSPIRVLLVMTranslator() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-	const (
-		version  = "22.1.2"
-		checksum = "JZAaV5ewYcm-35YA_U2BM2IcsQouZtX1BLZR0zh2vSlfEXMsT5OCtY4Gh5RJkcGy"
-	)
-	skipChecks := []string{
-		// error: line 13: OpTypeCooperativeMatrixKHR Scope is limited to Workgroup and Subgroup
-		"cooperative_matrix_constant_null.spvasm",
 	}
-
-	switch t.arch {
-	case "arm64":
-		skipChecks = append(skipChecks,
-			// LLVM ERROR: unsupported calling convention
-			"DebugInfo/COFF/no-cus.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/2009-11-05-DeadGlobalVariable.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/2009-11-10-CurrentFn.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/2010-01-05-DbgScope.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/2010-03-12-llc-crash.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/2010-03-24-MemberFn.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/2010-04-19-FramePtr.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/2010-06-29-InlinedFnLocalVar.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/2010-10-01-crash.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/PR20038.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/constant-pointers.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/dead-argument-order.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/debug-info-eis-option.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/def-line.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/discriminator.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/dwarf-public-names.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/enum.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/func-using-decl.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/global.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/imported-name-inlined.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/incorrect-variable-debugloc1.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/inline-scopes.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/inlined-arguments.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/inlined-vars.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/linear-dbg-value.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/linkage-name-abstract.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/member-order.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/missing-abstract-variable.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/multiline.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/namespace_function_definition.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/namespace_inline_function_definition.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/noscopes.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/ptrsize.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/restrict.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/two-cus-from-same-file.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/Generic/version.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/LocalAddressSpace.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/UnknownBaseType.ll",
-			"DebugInfo/expr-opcode.ll",
-		)
-	}
-
-	return t.NewPackage("spirv-llvm-translator", version, newFromGitHub(
-		"KhronosGroup/SPIRV-LLVM-Translator",
-		"v"+version, checksum,
-	), &PackageAttr{
-		Patches: []KV{
-			{"remove-early-prefix", `diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
-index c000a77e..f18f3fde 100644
---- a/CMakeLists.txt
-+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
-@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ install(
-     ${LLVM_SPIRV_INCLUDE_DIRS}/LLVMSPIRVOpts.h
-     ${LLVM_SPIRV_INCLUDE_DIRS}/LLVMSPIRVExtensions.inc
-   DESTINATION
--    ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/include/LLVMSPIRVLib
-+    include/LLVMSPIRVLib
- )
- 
- configure_file(LLVMSPIRVLib.pc.in ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/LLVMSPIRVLib.pc @ONLY)
-@@ -172,5 +172,5 @@ install(
-   FILES
-     ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/LLVMSPIRVLib.pc
-   DESTINATION
--    ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/lib${LLVM_LIBDIR_SUFFIX}/pkgconfig
-+    lib${LLVM_LIBDIR_SUFFIX}/pkgconfig
- )
-;`},
-		},
-
-		// litArgs emits shell syntax
-		ScriptEarly: `
-export LIT_OPTS=` + litArgs(true, skipChecks...) + `
-`,
-	}, &CMakeHelper{
-		Cache: []KV{
-			{"CMAKE_SKIP_BUILD_RPATH", "ON"},
-			{"BUILD_SHARED_LIBS", "ON"},
-			{"LLVM_SPIRV_ENABLE_LIBSPIRV_DIS", "ON"},
-			{"LLVM_EXTERNAL_SPIRV_HEADERS_SOURCE_DIR", "/system"},
-			{"LLVM_EXTERNAL_LIT", "/system/bin/lit"},
-			{"LLVM_INCLUDE_TESTS", "ON"},
-		},
-	},
-		Bash,
-		LIT,
-
-		SPIRVTools,
-	), version
-}
-func init() {
-	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
-		f: Toolchain.newSPIRVLLVMTranslator,
-
-		Name:        "spirv-llvm-translator",
-		Description: "bi-directional translation between SPIR-V and LLVM IR",
-		Website:     "https://github.com/KhronosGroup/SPIRV-LLVM-Translator",
-
-		Dependencies: P{
-			SPIRVTools,
-		},
-
-		ID: 227273,
-	})
 }