internal/rosa: pass stage alongside state

This cleans up many function signatures. Signed-off-by: Ophestra <cat@gensokyo.uk>
2026-05-17 16:44:13 +09:00
parent 30eb0d6a61
commit 38bc2c7508
89 changed files with 563 additions and 558 deletions
--- a/internal/rosa/acl.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/acl.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newAttr(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newAttr() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2.5.2"
 		checksum = "YWEphrz6vg1sUMmHHVr1CRo53pFXRhq_pjN-AlG8UgwZK1y6m7zuDhxqJhD0SV0l"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "attr", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("attr", version, newTar(
 		"https://download.savannah.nongnu.org/releases/attr/"+
 			"attr-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
@@ -76,12 +76,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newACL(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newACL() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2.3.2"
 		checksum = "-fY5nwH4K8ZHBCRXrzLdguPkqjKI6WIiGu4dBtrZ1o0t6AIU73w8wwJz_UyjIS0P"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "acl", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("acl", version, newTar(
 		"https://download.savannah.nongnu.org/releases/acl/"+
 			"acl-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
--- a/internal/rosa/argp-standalone.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/argp-standalone.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newArgpStandalone(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newArgpStandalone() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.3"
 		checksum = "vtW0VyO2pJ-hPyYmDI2zwSLS8QL0sPAUKC1t3zNYbwN2TmsaE-fADhaVtNd3eNFl"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "argp-standalone", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("argp-standalone", version, newTar(
 		"http://www.lysator.liu.se/~nisse/misc/"+
 			"argp-standalone-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
--- a/internal/rosa/bzip2.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/bzip2.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newBzip2(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newBzip2() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.0.8"
 		checksum = "cTLykcco7boom-s05H1JVsQi1AtChYL84nXkg_92Dm1Xt94Ob_qlMg_-NSguIK-c"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "bzip2", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("bzip2", version, newTar(
 		"https://sourceware.org/pub/bzip2/bzip2-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
--- a/internal/rosa/cmake.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/cmake.go
@@ -8,12 +8,12 @@ import (
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 )

-func (t Toolchain) newCMake(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newCMake() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "4.3.2"
 		checksum = "6QylwRVKletndTSkZTV2YBRwgd_9rUVgav_QW23HpjUgV21AVYZOUOal8tdBDmO7"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "cmake", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
+	return t.NewPackage("cmake", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
 		"Kitware/CMake",
 		"v"+version,
 		"cmake-"+version+".tar.gz",
--- a/internal/rosa/connman.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/connman.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newConnman(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newConnman() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2.0"
 		checksum = "MhVTdJOhndnZn2SWd8URKo_Pj7Zvc14tntEbrVOf9L3yVWJvpb3v3Q6104tWJgtW"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "connman", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("connman", version, newTar(
 		"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/network/connman/connman.git/"+
 			"snapshot/connman-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
--- a/internal/rosa/curl.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/curl.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newCurl(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newCurl() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "8.20.0"
 		checksum = "xyHXwrngIRGMasuzhn-I5MSCOhktwINbsWt1f_LuR-5jRVvyx_g6U1EQfDLEbr9r"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "curl", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("curl", version, newTar(
 		"https://curl.se/download/curl-"+version+".tar.bz2",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarBzip2,
--- a/internal/rosa/dbus.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/dbus.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newDBus(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newDBus() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.16.2"
 		checksum = "INwOuNdrDG7XW5ilW_vn8JSxEa444rRNc5ho97i84I1CNF09OmcFcV-gzbF4uCyg"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "dbus", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("dbus", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"dbus/dbus",
 		"dbus-"+version,
@@ -45,12 +45,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newXDGDBusProxy(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newXDGDBusProxy() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "0.1.7"
 		checksum = "UW5Pe-TP-XAaN-kTbxrkOQ7eYdmlAQlr2pdreLtPT0uwdAz-7rzDP8V_8PWuZBup"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "xdg-dbus-proxy", version, newFromGitHub(
+	return t.NewPackage("xdg-dbus-proxy", version, newFromGitHub(
 		"flatpak/xdg-dbus-proxy",
 		version,
 		checksum,
--- a/internal/rosa/dtc.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/dtc.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newDTC(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newDTC() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.7.2"
 		checksum = "vUoiRynPyYRexTpS6USweT5p4SVHvvVJs8uqFkkVD-YnFjwf6v3elQ0-Etrh00Dt"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "dtc", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("dtc", version, newTar(
 		"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/utils/dtc/dtc.git/snapshot/"+
 			"dtc-v"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
--- a/internal/rosa/elfutils.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/elfutils.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newElfutils(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newElfutils() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "0.195"
 		checksum = "JrGnBD38w8Mj0ZxDw3fKlRBFcLvRKu8rcYnX35R9yTlUSYnzTazyLboG-a2CsJlu"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "elfutils", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("elfutils", version, newTar(
 		"https://sourceware.org/elfutils/ftp/"+
 			version+"/elfutils-"+version+".tar.bz2",
 		checksum,
--- a/internal/rosa/fakeroot.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/fakeroot.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newFakeroot(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newFakeroot() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.37.2"
 		checksum = "4ve-eDqVspzQ6VWDhPS0NjW3aSenBJcPAJq_BFT7OOFgUdrQzoTBxZWipDAGWxF8"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "fakeroot", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("fakeroot", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"salsa.debian.org",
 		"clint/fakeroot",
 		"upstream/"+version,
--- a/internal/rosa/flex.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/flex.go
@@ -4,12 +4,12 @@ import (
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 )

-func (t Toolchain) newFlex(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newFlex() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2.6.4"
 		checksum = "p9POjQU7VhgOf3x5iFro8fjhy0NOanvA7CTeuWS_veSNgCixIJshTrWVkc5XLZkB"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "flex", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
+	return t.NewPackage("flex", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
 		"westes/flex",
 		"v"+version,
 		"flex-"+version+".tar.gz",
--- a/internal/rosa/freetype.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/freetype.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newFreetype(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newFreetype() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2.14.3"
 		checksum = "-WfLv8fVJNyCHpP_lriiDzOcVbBL9ajdQ3tl8AzIIUa9-8sVpU9irxOmSMgRHWYz"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "freetype", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("freetype", version, newTar(
 		"https://download.savannah.gnu.org/releases/freetype/"+
 			"freetype-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
--- a/internal/rosa/fuse.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/fuse.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newFuse(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newFuse() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "3.18.2"
 		checksum = "iL-7b7eUtmlVSf5cSq0dzow3UiqSjBmzV3cI_ENPs1tXcHdktkG45j1V12h-4jZe"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "fuse", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
+	return t.NewPackage("fuse", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
 		"libfuse/libfuse",
 		"fuse-"+version,
 		"fuse-"+version+".tar.gz",
--- a/internal/rosa/git.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/git.go
@@ -7,12 +7,12 @@ import (
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 )

-func (t Toolchain) newGit(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newGit() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2.54.0"
 		checksum = "7vGKtFOJGqY8DO4e8UMRax7dLgImXKQz5MMalec6MlgYrsarffSJjgOughwRFpSH"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "git", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("git", version, newTar(
 		"https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/"+
 			"git-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
@@ -106,15 +106,14 @@ func init() {
 }

 // NewViaGit returns a [pkg.Artifact] for cloning a git repository.
-func (s *S) NewViaGit(
-	t Toolchain,
+func (t Toolchain) NewViaGit(
 	url, rev string,
 	checksum pkg.Checksum,
 ) pkg.Artifact {
-	return s.New(t, strings.TrimSuffix(
+	return t.New(strings.TrimSuffix(
 		path.Base(url),
 		".git",
-	)+"-src-"+path.Base(rev), THostNet, s.AppendPresets(t, nil,
+	)+"-src-"+path.Base(rev), THostNet, t.Append(nil,
 		NSSCACert,
 		Git,
 	), &checksum, nil, `
@@ -132,6 +131,6 @@ rm -rf /work/.git
 }

 // newTagRemote is a helper around NewViaGit for a tag on a git remote.
-func (s *S) newTagRemote(t Toolchain, url, tag, checksum string) pkg.Artifact {
-	return s.NewViaGit(t, url, "refs/tags/"+tag, mustDecode(checksum))
+func (t Toolchain) newTagRemote(url, tag, checksum string) pkg.Artifact {
+	return t.NewViaGit(url, "refs/tags/"+tag, mustDecode(checksum))
 }
--- a/internal/rosa/glslang.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/glslang.go
@@ -7,12 +7,12 @@ import (
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 )

-func (t Toolchain) newSPIRVHeaders(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newSPIRVHeaders() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.4.341.0"
 		checksum = "0PL43-19Iaw4k7_D8J8BvoJ-iLgCVSYZ2ThgDPGfAJwIJFtre7l0cnQtLjcY-JvD"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "spirv-headers", version, newFromGitHub(
+	return t.NewPackage("spirv-headers", version, newFromGitHub(
 		"KhronosGroup/SPIRV-Headers",
 		"vulkan-sdk-"+version,
 		checksum,
@@ -52,12 +52,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newSPIRVTools(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newSPIRVTools() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2026.1"
 		checksum = "ZSQPQx8NltCDzQLk4qlaVxyWRWeI_JtsjEpeFt3kezTanl9DTHfLixSUCezMFBjv"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "spirv-tools", version, newFromGitHub(
+	return t.NewPackage("spirv-tools", version, newFromGitHub(
 		"KhronosGroup/SPIRV-Tools",
 		"v"+version,
 		checksum,
@@ -89,12 +89,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newGlslang(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newGlslang() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "16.3.0"
 		checksum = "xyqDf8k3-D0_BXHGi0uLgMglnJ05Rf3j73QgbDs3sGtKNdBIQhY8JfqX1NcNoJQN"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "glslang", version, newFromGitHub(
+	return t.NewPackage("glslang", version, newFromGitHub(
 		"KhronosGroup/glslang",
 		version,
 		checksum,
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newSPIRVLLVMTranslator(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newSPIRVLLVMTranslator() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "22.1.2"
 		checksum = "JZAaV5ewYcm-35YA_U2BM2IcsQouZtX1BLZR0zh2vSlfEXMsT5OCtY4Gh5RJkcGy"
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newSPIRVLLVMTranslator(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 		"cooperative_matrix_constant_null.spvasm",
 	}

-	switch s.arch {
+	switch t.arch {
 	case "arm64":
 		skipChecks = append(skipChecks,
 			// LLVM ERROR: unsupported calling convention
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newSPIRVLLVMTranslator(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 		)
 	}

-	return s.NewPackage(t, "spirv-llvm-translator", version, newFromGitHub(
+	return t.NewPackage("spirv-llvm-translator", version, newFromGitHub(
 		"KhronosGroup/SPIRV-LLVM-Translator",
 		"v"+version, checksum,
 	), &PackageAttr{
--- a/internal/rosa/gnu.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/gnu.go
@@ -42,12 +42,12 @@ func skipGNUTests(tests ...int) string {
 	return buf.String()
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newM4(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newM4() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.4.21"
 		checksum = "pPa6YOo722Jw80l1OsH1tnUaklnPFjFT-bxGw5iAVrZTm1P8FQaWao_NXop46-pm"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "m4", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("m4", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/m4/m4-"+version+".tar.bz2",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarBzip2,
@@ -74,12 +74,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newBison(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newBison() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "3.8.2"
 		checksum = "BhRM6K7URj1LNOkIDCFDctSErLS-Xo5d9ba9seg10o6ACrgC1uNhED7CQPgIY29Y"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "bison", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("bison", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/bison/bison-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -109,12 +109,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newSed(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newSed() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "4.10"
 		checksum = "TXTRFQJCyflb-bpBRI2S5Y1DpplwvT7-KfXtpqN4AdZgZ5OtI6yStn1-bkhDKx51"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "sed", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("sed", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/sed/sed-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -136,12 +136,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newAutoconf(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newAutoconf() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2.73"
 		checksum = "yGabDTeOfaCUB0JX-h3REYLYzMzvpDwFmFFzHNR7QilChCUNE4hR6q7nma4viDYg"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "autoconf", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("autoconf", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/autoconf/autoconf-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -176,12 +176,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newAutomake(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newAutomake() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.18.1"
 		checksum = "FjvLG_GdQP7cThTZJLDMxYpRcKdpAVG-YDs1Fj1yaHlSdh_Kx6nRGN14E0r_BjcG"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "automake", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("automake", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/automake/automake-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -220,18 +220,18 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibtool(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibtool() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2.5.4"
 		checksum = "pa6LSrQggh8mSJHQfwGjysAApmZlGJt8wif2cCLzqAAa2jpsTY0jZ-6stS3BWZ2Q"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libtool", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("libtool", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/libtool/libtool-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
 	), nil, &MakeHelper{
 		// _Z2a2c: symbol not found
-		SkipCheck: t.isStage0(),
+		SkipCheck: t.stage.isStage0(),

 		Check: []string{
 			"TESTSUITEFLAGS=" + jobsFlagE,
@@ -254,12 +254,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newGzip(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newGzip() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.14"
 		checksum = "NWhjUavnNfTDFkZJyAUonL9aCOak8GVajWX2OMlzpFnuI0ErpBFyj88mz2xSjz0q"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "gzip", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("gzip", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/gzip/gzip-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -280,12 +280,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newGettext(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newGettext() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.0"
 		checksum = "3MasKeEdPeFEgWgzsBKk7JqWqql1wEMbgPmzAfs-mluyokoW0N8oQVxPQoOnSdgC"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "gettext", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("gettext", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/gettext/gettext-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -326,12 +326,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newDiffutils(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newDiffutils() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "3.12"
 		checksum = "9J5VAq5oA7eqwzS1Yvw-l3G5o-TccUrNQR3PvyB_lgdryOFAfxtvQfKfhdpquE44"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "diffutils", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("diffutils", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/diffutils/diffutils-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -359,12 +359,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newPatch(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newPatch() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2.8"
 		checksum = "MA0BQc662i8QYBD-DdGgyyfTwaeALZ1K0yusV9rAmNiIsQdX-69YC4t9JEGXZkeR"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "patch", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("patch", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/patch/patch-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -391,12 +391,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newBash(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newBash() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "5.3"
 		checksum = "4LQ_GRoB_ko-Ih8QPf_xRKA02xAm_TOxQgcJLmFDT6udUPxTAWrsj-ZNeuTusyDq"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "bash", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("bash", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/bash/bash-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -421,12 +421,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newCoreutils(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newCoreutils() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "9.11"
 		checksum = "t8UMed5wpFEoC56aa42_yidfOAaRGzOfj7MRtQkkqgGbpXiskNA8bd-EmVSQkZie"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "coreutils", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("coreutils", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/coreutils/coreutils-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -467,12 +467,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newTexinfo(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newTexinfo() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "7.3"
 		checksum = "RRmC8Xwdof7JuZJeWGAQ_GeASIHAuJFQMbNONXBz5InooKIQGmqmWRjGNGEr5n4-"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "texinfo", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("texinfo", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/texinfo/texinfo-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -500,12 +500,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newGperf(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newGperf() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "3.3"
 		checksum = "RtIy9pPb_Bb8-31J2Nw-rRGso2JlS-lDlVhuNYhqR7Nt4xM_nObznxAlBMnarJv7"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "gperf", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("gperf", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gperf/gperf-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -525,12 +525,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newGawk(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newGawk() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "5.4.0"
 		checksum = "m0RkIolC-PI7EY5q8pcx5Y-0twlIW0Yp3wXXmV-QaHorSdf8BhZ7kW9F8iWomz0C"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "gawk", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("gawk", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/gawk/gawk-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -553,12 +553,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newGrep(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newGrep() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "3.12"
 		checksum = "qMB4RjaPNRRYsxix6YOrjE8gyAT1zVSTy4nW4wKW9fqa0CHYAuWgPwDTirENzm_1"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "grep", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("grep", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/grep/grep-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -586,12 +586,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newFindutils(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newFindutils() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "4.10.0"
 		checksum = "ZXABdNBQXL7QjTygynRRTdXYWxQKZ0Wn5eMd3NUnxR0xaS0u0VfcKoTlbo50zxv6"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "findutils", version, pkg.NewHTTPGet(
+	return t.NewPackage("findutils", version, pkg.NewHTTPGet(
 		nil, "https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/findutils/findutils-"+version+".tar.xz",
 		mustDecode(checksum),
 	), &PackageAttr{
@@ -617,12 +617,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newBC(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newBC() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.08.2"
 		checksum = "8h6f3hjV80XiFs6v9HOPF2KEyg1kuOgn5eeFdVspV05ODBVQss-ey5glc8AmneLy"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "bc", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("bc", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/bc/bc-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -646,12 +646,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibiconv(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibiconv() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.19"
 		checksum = "UibB6E23y4MksNqYmCCrA3zTFO6vJugD1DEDqqWYFZNuBsUWMVMcncb_5pPAr88x"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libiconv", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("libiconv", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -669,12 +669,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newTar(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newTar() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.35"
 		checksum = "zSaoSlVUDW0dSfm4sbL4FrXLFR8U40Fh3zY5DWhR5NCIJ6GjU6Kc4VZo2-ZqpBRA"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "tar", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("tar", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/tar/tar-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -711,12 +711,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newParallel(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newParallel() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "20260422"
 		checksum = "eTsepxgqhXpMEhPd55qh-W5y4vjKn0x9TD2mzbJCNZYtFf4lT4Wzoqr74HGJYBEH"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "parallel", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("parallel", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/parallel/parallel-"+version+".tar.bz2",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarBzip2,
@@ -745,12 +745,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibunistring(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibunistring() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.4.2"
 		checksum = "iW9BbfLoVlXjWoLTZ4AekQSu4cFBnLcZ4W8OHWbv0AhJNgD3j65_zqaLMzFKylg2"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libunistring", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("libunistring", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/libunistring/libunistring-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -778,12 +778,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibtasn1(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibtasn1() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "4.21.0"
 		checksum = "9DYI3UYbfYLy8JsKUcY6f0irskbfL0fHZA91Q-JEOA3kiUwpodyjemRsYRjUpjuq"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libtasn1", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("libtasn1", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/libtasn1/libtasn1-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -801,12 +801,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newReadline(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newReadline() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "8.3"
 		checksum = "r-lcGRJq_MvvBpOq47Z2Y1OI2iqrmtcqhTLVXR0xWo37ZpC2uT_md7gKq5o_qTMV"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "readline", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("readline", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/readline/readline-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -835,21 +835,21 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newGnuTLS(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newGnuTLS() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "3.8.12"
 		checksum = "VPdP-nRydQQRJcnma-YA7CJYA_kzTJ2rb3QFeP6D27emSyInJ8sQ-Wzn518I38dl"
 	)

 	var configureExtra []KV
-	switch s.arch {
+	switch t.arch {
 	case "arm64":
 		configureExtra = []KV{
 			{"disable-hardware-acceleration"},
 		}
 	}

-	return s.NewPackage(t, "gnutls", version, s.newTagRemote(t,
+	return t.NewPackage("gnutls", version, t.newTagRemote(
 		"https://gitlab.com/gnutls/gnutls.git",
 		version, checksum,
 	), &PackageAttr{
@@ -1016,12 +1016,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newBinutils(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newBinutils() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2.46.0"
 		checksum = "4kK1_EXQipxSqqyvwD4LbiMLFKCUApjq6PeG4XJP4dzxYGqDeqXfh8zLuTyOuOVR"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "binutils", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("binutils", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/binutils/binutils-"+version+".tar.bz2",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarBzip2,
@@ -1041,12 +1041,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newGMP(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newGMP() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "6.3.0"
 		checksum = "yrgbgEDWKDdMWVHh7gPbVl56-sRtVVhfvv0M_LX7xMUUk_mvZ1QOJEAnt7g4i3k5"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "gmp", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("gmp", version, newTar(
 		"https://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/"+
 			"gmp-"+version+".tar.bz2",
 		checksum,
@@ -1071,12 +1071,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newMPFR(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newMPFR() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "4.2.2"
 		checksum = "wN3gx0zfIuCn9r3VAn_9bmfvAYILwrRfgBjYSD1IjLqyLrLojNN5vKyQuTE9kA-B"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "mpfr", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("mpfr", version, newTar(
 		"https://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/"+
 			"mpfr-"+version+".tar.bz2",
 		checksum,
@@ -1101,12 +1101,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newMPC(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newMPC() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.4.1"
 		checksum = "ZffaZyWkvIw0iPvRe5EJ7O-VvHtSkbbb3K_7SgPtK810NvGan7nbF0T5-6tozjQN"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "mpc", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("mpc", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.inria.fr",
 		"mpc/mpc",
 		version, checksum,
@@ -1140,19 +1140,19 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newGCC(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newGCC() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "16.1.0"
 		checksum = "4ASoWbxaA2FW7PAB0zzHDPC5XnNhyaAyjtDPpGzceSLeYnEIXsNYZR3PA_Zu5P0K"
 	)

 	var configureExtra []KV
-	switch s.arch {
+	switch t.arch {
 	case "amd64", "arm64":
 		configureExtra = append(configureExtra, KV{"with-multilib-list", "''"})
 	}

-	return s.NewPackage(t, "gcc", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("gcc", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftp.tsukuba.wide.ad.jp/software/gcc/releases/"+
 			"gcc-"+version+"/gcc-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
--- a/internal/rosa/go.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/go.go
@@ -7,9 +7,9 @@ import (
 )

 // newGoBootstrap returns the Go bootstrap toolchain.
-func (s *S) newGoBootstrap(t Toolchain) pkg.Artifact {
+func (t Toolchain) newGoBootstrap() pkg.Artifact {
 	const checksum = "8o9JL_ToiQKadCTb04nvBDkp8O1xiWOolAxVEqaTGodieNe4lOFEjlOxN3bwwe23"
-	return s.New(t, "go1.4-bootstrap", 0, s.AppendPresets(t, nil,
+	return t.New("go1.4-bootstrap", 0, t.Append(nil,
 		Bash,
 	), nil, []string{
 		"CGO_ENABLED=0",
@@ -28,18 +28,17 @@ chmod -R +w ..
 }

 // newGo returns a specific version of the Go toolchain.
-func (s *S) newGo(
-	t Toolchain,
+func (t Toolchain) newGo(
 	version, checksum string,
 	env []string,
 	script string,
 	extra ...pkg.Artifact,
 ) pkg.Artifact {
 	name := "all"
-	if s.opts&OptSkipCheck != 0 {
+	if t.opts&OptSkipCheck != 0 {
 		name = "make"
 	}
-	return s.New(t, "go"+version, 0, s.AppendPresets(t, extra,
+	return t.New("go"+version, 0, t.Append(extra,
 		Bash,
 	), nil, slices.Concat([]string{
 		"CC=cc",
@@ -66,27 +65,27 @@ ln -s \
 	)))
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newGoLatest(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newGoLatest() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	var (
 		bootstrapEnv   []string
 		bootstrapExtra []pkg.Artifact

 		finalEnv []string
 	)
-	switch s.arch {
+	switch t.arch {
 	case "amd64":
-		bootstrapExtra = append(bootstrapExtra, s.newGoBootstrap(t))
+		bootstrapExtra = append(bootstrapExtra, t.newGoBootstrap())

 	case "arm64", "riscv64":
 		bootstrapEnv = append(bootstrapEnv, "GOROOT_BOOTSTRAP=/system")
-		bootstrapExtra = s.AppendPresets(t, bootstrapExtra, gcc)
+		bootstrapExtra = t.Append(bootstrapExtra, gcc)
 		finalEnv = append(finalEnv, "CGO_ENABLED=0")

 	default:
-		panic("unsupported target " + s.arch)
+		panic("unsupported target " + t.arch)
 	}

-	go119 := s.newGo(t,
+	go119 := t.newGo(
 		"1.19",
 		"9_e0aFHsIkVxWVGsp9T2RvvjOc3p4n9o9S8tkNe9Cvgzk_zI2FhRQB7ioQkeAAro",
 		append(bootstrapEnv, "CGO_ENABLED=0"), `
@@ -102,13 +101,13 @@ echo \
 	os/rawconn_test.go
 `, bootstrapExtra...)

-	go121 := s.newGo(t,
+	go121 := t.newGo(
 		"1.21.13",
 		"YtrDka402BOAEwywx03Vz4QlVwoBiguJHzG7PuythMCPHXS8CVMLvzmvgEbu4Tzu",
 		[]string{"CGO_ENABLED=0"}, `
 sed -i \
-	's,/lib/ld-musl-`+s.linuxArch()+`.so.1,/system/bin/linker,' \
-	cmd/link/internal/`+s.arch+`/obj.go
+	's,/lib/ld-musl-`+t.linuxArch()+`.so.1,/system/bin/linker,' \
+	cmd/link/internal/`+t.arch+`/obj.go

 rm \
 	crypto/tls/handshake_client_test.go \
@@ -120,23 +119,23 @@ echo \
 `, go119,
 	)

-	go123 := s.newGo(t,
+	go123 := t.newGo(
 		"1.23.12",
 		"wcI32bl1tkqbgcelGtGWPI4RtlEddd-PTd76Eb-k7nXA5LbE9yTNdIL9QSOOxMOs",
 		[]string{"CGO_ENABLED=0"}, `
 sed -i \
-	's,/lib/ld-musl-`+s.linuxArch()+`.so.1,/system/bin/linker,' \
-	cmd/link/internal/`+s.arch+`/obj.go
+	's,/lib/ld-musl-`+t.linuxArch()+`.so.1,/system/bin/linker,' \
+	cmd/link/internal/`+t.arch+`/obj.go
 `, go121,
 	)

-	go125 := s.newGo(t,
+	go125 := t.newGo(
 		"1.25.10",
 		"TwKwatkpwal-j9U2sDSRPEdM3YesI4Gm88YgGV59wtU-L85K9gA7UPy9SCxn6PMb",
 		[]string{"CGO_ENABLED=0"}, `
 sed -i \
-	's,/lib/ld-musl-`+s.linuxArch()+`.so.1,/system/bin/linker,' \
-	cmd/link/internal/`+s.arch+`/obj.go
+	's,/lib/ld-musl-`+t.linuxArch()+`.so.1,/system/bin/linker,' \
+	cmd/link/internal/`+t.arch+`/obj.go

 rm \
 	os/root_unix_test.go \
@@ -148,13 +147,13 @@ rm \
 		version  = "1.26.3"
 		checksum = "lEiFocZFnN5fKvZzmwVdqc9pYUjAuhzqZGbuiOqxUP4XdcY8yECisKcqsQ_eNn1N"
 	)
-	return s.newGo(t,
+	return t.newGo(
 		version,
 		checksum,
 		finalEnv, `
 sed -i \
-	's,/lib/ld-musl-`+s.linuxArch()+`.so.1,/system/bin/linker,' \
-	cmd/link/internal/`+s.arch+`/obj.go
+	's,/lib/ld-musl-`+t.linuxArch()+`.so.1,/system/bin/linker,' \
+	cmd/link/internal/`+t.arch+`/obj.go
 sed -i \
 	's/cpu.X86.HasAVX512VBMI/& \&\& cpu.X86.HasPOPCNT/' \
 	internal/runtime/gc/scan/scan_amd64.go
--- a/internal/rosa/gtk.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/gtk.go
@@ -5,12 +5,12 @@ import (
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 )

-func (t Toolchain) newGLib(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newGLib() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2.88.1"
 		checksum = "Rkszn6W4RHjyspyqfXdVAVawdwDJCuS0Zu0f7qot7tbJhnw2fUDoUUJB40m-1MCX"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "glib", version, s.newTagRemote(t,
+	return t.NewPackage("glib", version, t.newTagRemote(
 		"https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/glib.git",
 		version, checksum,
 	), &PackageAttr{
--- a/internal/rosa/hakurei.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/hakurei.go
@@ -2,8 +2,7 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (s *S) newHakurei(
-	t Toolchain,
+func (t Toolchain) newHakurei(
 	suffix, script string,
 	withHostname bool,
 ) pkg.Artifact {
@@ -15,7 +14,7 @@ go build -o /bin/hostname /usr/src/hostname/main.go
 		hostname = ""
 	}

-	return s.New(t, "hakurei"+suffix+"-"+hakureiVersion, 0, s.AppendPresets(t, nil,
+	return t.New("hakurei"+suffix+"-"+hakureiVersion, 0, t.Append(nil,
 		Go,
 		PkgConfig,

@@ -39,8 +38,8 @@ go build -o /bin/hostname /usr/src/hostname/main.go
 cd /usr/src/hakurei

 HAKUREI_VERSION='v`+hakureiVersion+`'
-`+script, pkg.Path(AbsUsrSrc.Append("hakurei"), true, s.NewPatchedSource(
-		t, "hakurei", hakureiVersion, hakureiSource, false, hakureiPatches...,
+`+script, pkg.Path(AbsUsrSrc.Append("hakurei"), true, t.NewPatchedSource(
+		"hakurei", hakureiVersion, hakureiSource, false, hakureiPatches...,
 	)), pkg.Path(AbsUsrSrc.Append("hostname", "main.go"), false, pkg.NewFile(
 		"hostname.go",
 		[]byte(`
@@ -60,8 +59,8 @@ func main() {
 }
 func init() {
 	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
-		f: func(t Toolchain, s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-			return s.newHakurei(t, "", `
+		f: func(t Toolchain) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+			return t.newHakurei("", `
 mkdir -p /work/system/libexec/hakurei/

 echo "Building hakurei for $(go env GOOS)/$(go env GOARCH)."
@@ -96,12 +95,12 @@ mkdir -p /work/system/bin/
 		ID: 388834,
 	})
 	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
-		f: func(t Toolchain, s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+		f: func(t Toolchain) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 			name := "all"
-			if s.opts&OptSkipCheck != 0 {
+			if t.opts&OptSkipCheck != 0 {
 				name = "make"
 			}
-			return s.newHakurei(t, "-dist", `
+			return t.newHakurei("-dist", `
 export HAKUREI_VERSION
 DESTDIR=/work /usr/src/hakurei/`+name+`.sh
 `, true), hakureiVersion
--- a/internal/rosa/hwdata.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/hwdata.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newHwdata(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newHwdata() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "0.407"
 		checksum = "6p1XD0CRuzt6hLfjv4ShKBW934BexmoPkRrmwxD4J63fBVCzVBRHyF8pVJdW_Xjm"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "hwdata", version, newFromGitHub(
+	return t.NewPackage("hwdata", version, newFromGitHub(
 		"vcrhonek/hwdata",
 		"v"+version, checksum,
 	), &PackageAttr{
--- a/internal/rosa/images.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/images.go
@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ func init() {
 		Name:        "earlyinit",
 		Description: "Rosa OS initramfs init program",

-		f: func(t Toolchain, s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-			return s.newHakurei(t, "-early-init", `
+		f: func(t Toolchain) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+			return t.newHakurei("-early-init", `
 mkdir -p /work/system/libexec/hakurei/

 echo '# Building earlyinit.'
@@ -26,12 +26,12 @@ echo
 		},
 	})
 }
-func (t Toolchain) newImageSystem(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-	return s.New(t, "system.img", TNoToolchain, s.AppendPresets(t, nil,
+func (t Toolchain) newImageSystem() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	return t.New("system.img", TNoToolchain, t.Append(nil,
 		SquashfsTools,
 	), nil, nil, `
 mksquashfs /mnt/system /work/system.img
-`, pkg.Path(fhs.AbsRoot.Append("mnt"), false, s.AppendPresets(t, nil,
+`, pkg.Path(fhs.AbsRoot.Append("mnt"), false, t.Append(nil,
 		Musl,
 		Mksh,
 		Toybox,
@@ -49,8 +49,8 @@ func init() {
 		f: Toolchain.newImageSystem,
 	})
 }
-func (t Toolchain) newImageInitramfs(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-	return s.New(t, "initramfs", TNoToolchain, s.AppendPresets(t, nil,
+func (t Toolchain) newImageInitramfs() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	return t.New("initramfs", TNoToolchain, t.Append(nil,
 		Zstd,
 		EarlyInit,
 		GenInitCPIO,
--- a/internal/rosa/kernel.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/kernel.go
@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ var kernelSource = newTar(
 	pkg.TarGzip,
 )

-func (t Toolchain) newKernelSource(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-	return s.New(t, "kernel-"+kernelVersion+"-src", 0, nil, nil, nil, `
+func (t Toolchain) newKernelSource() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	return t.New("kernel-"+kernelVersion+"-src", 0, nil, nil, nil, `
 mkdir -p /work/usr/src/
 cp -r /usr/src/linux /work/usr/src/
 chmod -R +w /work/usr/src/linux/
@@ -28,9 +28,9 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newKernelHeaders(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newKernelHeaders() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const checksum = "lCmBNcMeUmXifg0vecKOPy3GAaFcJSmOPnf3wit9xYTDSTsFADPt1xxUFfmTn1fD"
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "kernel-headers", kernelVersion, kernelSource, &PackageAttr{
+	return t.NewPackage("kernel-headers", kernelVersion, kernelSource, &PackageAttr{
 		Flag:          TEarly,
 		KnownChecksum: new(mustDecode(checksum)),

@@ -76,8 +76,8 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newKernel(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "kernel", kernelVersion, kernelSource, &PackageAttr{
+func (t Toolchain) newKernel() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	return t.NewPackage("kernel", kernelVersion, kernelSource, &PackageAttr{
 		Env: []string{
 			"PATH=/system/sbin",
 		},
@@ -1283,8 +1283,8 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newGenInitCPIO(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-	return s.New(t, "gen_init_cpio-"+kernelVersion, 0, nil, nil, nil, `
+func (t Toolchain) newGenInitCPIO() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	return t.New("gen_init_cpio-"+kernelVersion, 0, nil, nil, nil, `
 mkdir -p /work/system/bin/
 cc -o /work/system/bin/gen_init_cpio /usr/src/linux/usr/gen_init_cpio.c
 `, pkg.Path(AbsUsrSrc.Append("linux"), false, kernelSource)), kernelVersion
@@ -1298,12 +1298,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newFirmware(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newFirmware() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "20260410"
 		checksum = "J8PdQlGqwrivpskPzbL6xacqR6mlKtXpe5RpzFfVzKPAgG81ZRXsc3qrxwdGJbil"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "firmware", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("firmware", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.com",
 		"kernel-firmware/linux-firmware",
 		version,
--- a/internal/rosa/kmod.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/kmod.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newKmod(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newKmod() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "34.2"
 		checksum = "0K7POeTKxMhExsaTsnKAC6LUNsRSfe6sSZxWONPbOu-GI_pXOw3toU_BIoqfBhJV"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "kmod", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("kmod", version, newTar(
 		"https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/kernel/"+
 			"kmod/kmod-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
--- a/internal/rosa/libarchive.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/libarchive.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newLibarchive(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibarchive() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "3.8.7"
 		checksum = "CUJK4MDQmZmATClgQBH2Wt-7Ts4iiSUlg1J_TVb6-5IK3rVUgVLIMc5k-bnWB9w3"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libarchive", version, newFromGitHub(
+	return t.NewPackage("libarchive", version, newFromGitHub(
 		"libarchive/libarchive",
 		"v"+version, checksum,
 	), &PackageAttr{
--- a/internal/rosa/libbsd.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/libbsd.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newLibmd(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibmd() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.2.0"
 		checksum = "1rJ6joAO0wwMZvSfnRNkc1MOhywyAq7SM8VmF92NvDtv7Qdl1LRbjm5fg_DFFtGj"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libmd", version, s.newTagRemote(t,
+	return t.NewPackage("libmd", version, t.newTagRemote(
 		"https://git.hadrons.org/git/libmd.git",
 		version, checksum,
 	), nil, &MakeHelper{
@@ -32,12 +32,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibbsd(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibbsd() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "0.12.2"
 		checksum = "NVS0xFLTwSP8JiElEftsZ-e1_C-IgJhHrHE77RwKt5178M7r087waO-zYx2_dfGX"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libbsd", version, s.newTagRemote(t,
+	return t.NewPackage("libbsd", version, t.newTagRemote(
 		"https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/libbsd/libbsd.git",
 		version, checksum,
 	), nil, &MakeHelper{
--- a/internal/rosa/libcap.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/libcap.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newLibcap(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibcap() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2.78"
 		checksum = "wFdUkBhFMD9InPnrBZyegWrlPSAg_9JiTBC-eSFyWWlmbzL2qjh2mKxr9Kx2a8ut"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libcap", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("libcap", version, newTar(
 		"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/libs/libcap/libcap.git/"+
 			"snapshot/libcap-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
--- a/internal/rosa/libconfig.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/libconfig.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newLibconfig(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibconfig() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.8.2"
 		checksum = "fD32hjeAZuTz98g6WYHRwsxphrgrEFqxi5Z1jlJemPckPBfxpS3i5HgshAuA6vmT"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libconfig", version, newFromGitHub(
+	return t.NewPackage("libconfig", version, newFromGitHub(
 		"hyperrealm/libconfig",
 		"v"+version,
 		checksum,
--- a/internal/rosa/libdisplay-info.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/libdisplay-info.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newLibdisplayInfo(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibdisplayInfo() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "0.3.0"
 		checksum = "yjOqPUHHYgRtpqGw5RI1n2Q1_hO5j0LiFNMbjcRWV4Nf71XwwoC9fZMlKBDeLchT"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libdisplay-info", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("libdisplay-info", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"emersion/libdisplay-info",
 		version, checksum,
--- a/internal/rosa/libepoxy.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/libepoxy.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newLibepoxy(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibepoxy() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.5.10"
 		checksum = "OHI8wshrlGw6BMGrmSyejJtwzM2gPhyFJrTsKxULyKMmYrfgcOe7Iw2ibVoUND_Q"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libepoxy", version, newFromGitHub(
+	return t.NewPackage("libepoxy", version, newFromGitHub(
 		"anholt/libepoxy",
 		version,
 		checksum,
--- a/internal/rosa/libev.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/libev.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newLibev(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibev() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "4.33"
 		checksum = "774eSXV_4k8PySRprUDChbEwsw-kzjIFnJ3MpNOl5zDpamBRvC3BqPyRxvkwcL6_"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libev", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("libev", version, newTar(
 		"https://dist.schmorp.de/libev/Attic/libev-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
--- a/internal/rosa/libexpat.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/libexpat.go
@@ -6,12 +6,12 @@ import (
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 )

-func (t Toolchain) newLibexpat(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibexpat() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2.8.1"
 		checksum = "iMEtbOJhQfGof2GxSlxffQSI1va_NDDQ9VIuqcPbNZ0291Dr8wttD5QecYyjIQap"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libexpat", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
+	return t.NewPackage("libexpat", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
 		"libexpat/libexpat",
 		"R_"+strings.ReplaceAll(version, ".", "_"),
 		"expat-"+version+".tar.bz2",
--- a/internal/rosa/libffi.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/libffi.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newLibffi(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibffi() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "3.5.2"
 		checksum = "2_Q-ZNBBbVhltfL5zEr0wljxPegUimTK4VeMSiwJEGksls3n4gj3lV0Ly3vviSFH"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libffi", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
+	return t.NewPackage("libffi", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
 		"libffi/libffi",
 		"v"+version,
 		"libffi-"+version+".tar.gz",
--- a/internal/rosa/libgd.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/libgd.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newLibgd(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibgd() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2.3.3"
 		checksum = "8T-sh1_FJT9K9aajgxzh8ot6vWIF-xxjcKAHvTak9MgGUcsFfzP8cAvvv44u2r36"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libgd", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
+	return t.NewPackage("libgd", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
 		"libgd/libgd",
 		"gd-"+version,
 		"libgd-"+version+".tar.gz", checksum,
--- a/internal/rosa/libpng.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/libpng.go
@@ -6,12 +6,12 @@ import (
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 )

-func (t Toolchain) newLibpng(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibpng() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.6.58"
 		checksum = "m_a5lROJH7vmF3cMjqwTUqURuQLhV1JQx2ySPzcN3VPdgDB9pG3UINsIx_mtkr-t"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libpng", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("libpng", version, newTar(
 		"https://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/libpng/libpng"+
 			strings.Join(strings.SplitN(version, ".", 3)[:2], "")+
 			"/"+version+"/libpng-"+version+".tar.gz",
--- a/internal/rosa/libpsl.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/libpsl.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newLibpsl(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibpsl() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "0.21.5"
 		checksum = "XjfxSzh7peG2Vg4vJlL8z4JZJLcXqbuP6pLWkrGCmRxlnYUFTKNBqWGHCxEOlCad"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libpsl", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
+	return t.NewPackage("libpsl", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
 		"rockdaboot/libpsl",
 		version,
 		"libpsl-"+version+".tar.gz",
--- a/internal/rosa/libseccomp.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/libseccomp.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newLibseccomp(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibseccomp() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2.6.0"
 		checksum = "mMu-iR71guPjFbb31u-YexBaanKE_nYPjPux-vuBiPfS_0kbwJdfCGlkofaUm-EY"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libseccomp", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
+	return t.NewPackage("libseccomp", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
 		"seccomp/libseccomp",
 		"v"+version,
 		"libseccomp-"+version+".tar.gz",
--- a/internal/rosa/libtirpc.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/libtirpc.go
@@ -6,12 +6,12 @@ import (
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 )

-func (t Toolchain) newLibtirpc(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibtirpc() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.3.7"
 		checksum = "nzFfu7LNvnSNiNAryD1vtnNWnU-Xqee8KqfXUKoBf5yjb5-dkeRkYuRijdCoYLof"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libtirpc", version, s.newTagRemote(t,
+	return t.NewPackage("libtirpc", version, t.newTagRemote(
 		"git://linux-nfs.org/~steved/libtirpc",
 		"libtirpc-"+
 			strings.Join(strings.SplitN(version, ".", 3), "-"),
--- a/internal/rosa/libucontext.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/libucontext.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newLibucontext(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibucontext() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.5.1"
 		checksum = "mUgeyJknjMxT-5fORzz-rqhZfP3Y7EZGBhOwvhuX7MsF4Pk9wkuwtrLf5IML-jWu"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libucontext", version, newFromGitHub(
+	return t.NewPackage("libucontext", version, newFromGitHub(
 		"kaniini/libucontext",
 		"libucontext-"+version,
 		checksum,
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibucontext(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 		SkipConfigure: true,
 		InPlace:       true,
 		Make: []string{
-			"ARCH=" + s.linuxArch(),
+			"ARCH=" + t.linuxArch(),
 		},
 		Install: "make prefix=/system DESTDIR=/work install",
 	}), version
--- a/internal/rosa/libxml2.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/libxml2.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newLibxml2(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibxml2() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2.15.3"
 		checksum = "oJy74htGlEpf70KPvpW18fYJo0RQQkCXZRwqUz6NoXborS3HCq3Nm4gsyaSeNmUH"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libxml2", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("libxml2", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.gnome.org",
 		"GNOME/libxml2",
 		"v"+version, checksum,
--- a/internal/rosa/libxslt.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/libxslt.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newLibxslt(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibxslt() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.1.45"
 		checksum = "67ks7v8od2oWaEGf23Sst_Xbn_8brQyolQjqxPoO-lK35k_WJhi2Px5JJgbk-nfn"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libxslt", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("libxslt", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.gnome.org",
 		"GNOME/libxslt",
 		"v"+version, checksum,
--- a/internal/rosa/llvm.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/llvm.go
@@ -29,10 +29,10 @@ func litArgs(verbose bool, skipChecks ...string) string {
 	return "'" + strings.Join(args, " ") + "'"
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newEarlyCompilerRT(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-	source, version := s.Load(t, llvmSource)
+func (t Toolchain) newEarlyCompilerRT() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	source, version := t.Load(llvmSource)
 	major, _, _ := strings.Cut(version, ".")
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "early-compiler-rt", version, source, &PackageAttr{
+	return t.NewPackage("early-compiler-rt", version, source, &PackageAttr{
 		Flag: TExclusive,
 	}, &CMakeHelper{
 		Append: []string{"compiler-rt"},
@@ -71,10 +71,10 @@ ln -s \
 	"/work/system/lib/clang/` + major + `/lib/"

 ln -s \
-	"clang_rt.crtbegin-` + s.linuxArch() + `.o" \
+	"clang_rt.crtbegin-` + t.linuxArch() + `.o" \
 	"/work/system/lib/${ROSA_TRIPLE}/crtbeginS.o"
 ln -s \
-	"clang_rt.crtend-` + s.linuxArch() + `.o" \
+	"clang_rt.crtend-` + t.linuxArch() + `.o" \
 	"/work/system/lib/${ROSA_TRIPLE}/crtendS.o"
 `,
 	},
@@ -97,9 +97,9 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newEarlyRuntimes(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-	source, version := s.Load(t, llvmSource)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "early-runtimes", version, source, &PackageAttr{
+func (t Toolchain) newEarlyRuntimes() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	source, version := t.Load(llvmSource)
+	return t.NewPackage("early-runtimes", version, source, &PackageAttr{
 		Flag: TExclusive,
 	}, &CMakeHelper{
 		Append: []string{"runtimes"},
@@ -157,9 +157,9 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLLVM(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLLVM() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	early := muslHeaders
-	if t.isStage0() {
+	if t.stage.isStage0() {
 		// The LLVM build system uses the system installation when building with
 		// LLVM_LINK_LLVM_DYLIB, since it builds runtimes after the fact, using
 		// the just-built toolchain. This is unacceptable in stage0 due to the
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLLVM(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 		}, ";") + "'"},
 	}

-	if !t.isStage0() {
+	if !t.stage.isStage0() {
 		skipChecks := []string{
 			// expensive, pointless to run here
 			"benchmarks",
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLLVM(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 			// unwind: fails on musl
 			"eh_frame_fde_pc_range",
 		}
-		switch s.arch {
+		switch t.arch {
 		case "arm64":
 			skipChecks = append(skipChecks,
 				// LLVM: intermittently crashes
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLLVM(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 			)
 		}

-		if s.opts&OptLLVMNoLTO == 0 {
+		if t.opts&OptLLVMNoLTO == 0 {
 			cache = append(cache, []KV{
 				// very expensive
 				{"LLVM_ENABLE_LTO", "Thin"},
@@ -273,8 +273,8 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLLVM(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 		}...)
 	}

-	source, version := s.Load(t, llvmSource)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "llvm", version, source, &PackageAttr{
+	source, version := t.Load(llvmSource)
+	return t.NewPackage("llvm", version, source, &PackageAttr{
 		Flag: TExclusive,
 	}, &CMakeHelper{
 		Append: []string{"llvm"},
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ ln -s clang++ /work/system/bin/c++
 		// installation into test environment, and the tests end up testing the
 		// system installation instead. Tests are disabled on stage0 and relies
 		// on 3-stage determinism to test later stages.
-		SkipTest: t.isStage0(),
+		SkipTest: t.stage.isStage0(),

 		Test: `
 chmod +w /bin && ln -s \
@@ -325,8 +325,8 @@ func init() {
 	)

 	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
-		f: func(t Toolchain, s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-			return s.NewPatchedSource(t, "llvm", version, newFromGitHub(
+		f: func(t Toolchain) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+			return t.NewPatchedSource("llvm", version, newFromGitHub(
 				"llvm/llvm-project",
 				"llvmorg-"+version,
 				checksum,
--- a/internal/rosa/lm-sensors.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/lm-sensors.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newLMSensors(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLMSensors() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "3-6-2"
 		checksum = "7JYNutrihe-FP6r3ftf96uFZJJWPfxnBHL0ALSMA-vovaXVRr-sAjlLitw7WWpCI"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "lm_sensors", version, newFromGitHub(
+	return t.NewPackage("lm_sensors", version, newFromGitHub(
 		"lm-sensors/lm-sensors",
 		"V"+version,
 		checksum,
--- a/internal/rosa/make.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/make.go
@@ -7,12 +7,12 @@ import (
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 )

-func (t Toolchain) newMake(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newMake() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "4.4.1"
 		checksum = "YS_B07ZcAy9PbaK5_vKGj64SrxO2VMpnMKfc9I0Q9IC1rn0RwOH7802pJoj2Mq4a"
 	)
-	return s.New(t, "make-"+version, TEarly, nil, nil, nil, `
+	return t.New("make-"+version, TEarly, nil, nil, nil, `
 cd "$(mktemp -d)"
 /usr/src/make/configure \
 	--prefix=/system \
--- a/internal/rosa/mesa.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/mesa.go
@@ -6,12 +6,12 @@ import (
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 )

-func (t Toolchain) newLibglvnd(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibglvnd() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.7.0"
 		checksum = "eIQJK2sgFQDHdeFkQO87TrSUaZRFG4y2DrwA8Ut-sGboI59uw1OOiIVqq2AIwnGY"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libglvnd", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("libglvnd", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"glvnd/libglvnd",
 		"v"+version,
@@ -50,12 +50,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibdrm(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibdrm() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2.4.133"
 		checksum = "bfj296NcR9DndO11hqDbSRFPqaweSLMqRk3dlCPZpM6FONX1WZ9J4JdbTDMUd1rU"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libdrm", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("libdrm", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"mesa/libdrm",
 		"libdrm-"+version,
@@ -87,12 +87,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibva(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibva() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2.23.0"
 		checksum = "UmF5tPyWIG_w5kiR3KFpoYbF7UUcaak5tyc-RhOheNTwQlLkPlifreFYCM9FQxbq"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libva", version, newFromGitHub(
+	return t.NewPackage("libva", version, newFromGitHub(
 		"intel/libva",
 		version,
 		checksum,
@@ -129,12 +129,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newMesa(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newMesa() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "26.1.0"
 		checksum = "zU0fjqevySBaoi_5SLW3e2UffmGeBdxOuHmAHTH68n2hV-sjYoqg30koLqFXuk5y"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "mesa", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("mesa", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"mesa/mesa",
 		"mesa-"+version,
--- a/internal/rosa/meson.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/meson.go
@@ -7,12 +7,12 @@ import (
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 )

-func (t Toolchain) newMeson(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newMeson() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.11.1"
 		checksum = "uvILRxdopwc6Dy17UbIeClcQr0qHqyTaqyk1M9OqWKN9PwB9N6UVAiyN8kSSz3r2"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "meson", version, newFromGitHub(
+	return t.NewPackage("meson", version, newFromGitHub(
 		"mesonbuild/meson",
 		version,
 		checksum,
--- a/internal/rosa/mksh.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/mksh.go
@@ -2,16 +2,16 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newMksh(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newMksh() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "59c"
 		checksum = "0Zj-k4nXEu3IuJY4lvwD2OrC2t27GdZj8SPy4DoaeuBRH1padWb7oREpYgwY8JNq"
 	)
 	scriptTest := "./test.sh -C regress:no-ctty\n"
-	if s.opts&OptSkipCheck != 0 {
+	if t.opts&OptSkipCheck != 0 {
 		scriptTest = ""
 	}
-	return s.New(t, "mksh-"+version, 0, s.AppendPresets(t, nil,
+	return t.New("mksh-"+version, 0, t.Append(nil,
 		Perl,
 		Coreutils,
 	), nil, []string{
--- a/internal/rosa/musl-fts.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/musl-fts.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newMuslFts(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newMuslFts() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.2.7"
 		checksum = "N_p_ZApX3eHt7xoDCw1hLf6XdJOw7ZSx7xPvpvAP0knG2zgU0zeN5w8tt5Pg60XJ"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "musl-fts", version, newFromGitHub(
+	return t.NewPackage("musl-fts", version, newFromGitHub(
 		"void-linux/musl-fts",
 		"v"+version,
 		checksum,
--- a/internal/rosa/musl-obstack.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/musl-obstack.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newMuslObstack(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newMuslObstack() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.2.3"
 		checksum = "tVRY_KjIlkkMszcaRlkKdBVQHIXTT_T_TiMxbwErlILXrOBosocg8KklppZhNdCG"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "musl-obstack", version, newFromGitHub(
+	return t.NewPackage("musl-obstack", version, newFromGitHub(
 		"void-linux/musl-obstack",
 		"v"+version,
 		checksum,
--- a/internal/rosa/musl.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/musl.go
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (s *S) newMusl(t Toolchain, headers bool) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newMusl(headers bool) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.2.6"
 		checksum = "WtWb_OV_XxLDAB5NerOL9loLlHVadV00MmGk65PPBU1evaolagoMHfvpZp_vxEzS"
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ func (s *S) newMusl(t Toolchain, headers bool) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 		SkipCheck:    true,
 		Script: `
 mkdir -p /work/system/bin
-COMPAT_LINKER_NAME="ld-musl-` + s.linuxArch() + `.so.1"
+COMPAT_LINKER_NAME="ld-musl-` + t.linuxArch() + `.so.1"
 ln -vs ../lib/libc.so /work/system/bin/linker
 ln -vs ../lib/libc.so /work/system/bin/ldd
 ln -vs libc.so "/work/system/lib/${COMPAT_LINKER_NAME}"
@@ -34,9 +34,9 @@ rmdir -v /work/lib
 	}

 	env := []string{
-		"LDFLAGS=" + s.earlyLDFLAGS(false),
+		"LDFLAGS=" + t.earlyLDFLAGS(false),
 	}
-	if t.isStage0() {
+	if t.stage.isStage0() {
 		env = append(env,
 			"CC=clang",
 			"AR=ar",
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ rmdir -v /work/lib
 		)
 	}

-	return s.NewPackage(t, name, version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage(name, version, newTar(
 		"https://musl.libc.org/releases/musl-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -76,8 +76,8 @@ index 715948f4..c2fece68 100644
 }
 func init() {
 	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
-		f: func(t Toolchain, s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-			return s.newMusl(t, false)
+		f: func(t Toolchain) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+			return t.newMusl(false)
 		},

 		Name:        "musl",
@@ -88,8 +88,8 @@ func init() {
 	})

 	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
-		f: func(t Toolchain, s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-			return s.newMusl(t, true)
+		f: func(t Toolchain) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+			return t.newMusl(true)
 		},

 		Name:        "musl-headers",
--- a/internal/rosa/ncurses.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/ncurses.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newNcurses(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newNcurses() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "6.6"
 		checksum = "XvWp4xi6hR_hH8XUoGY26L_pqBSDapJYulhzZqPuR0KNklqypqNc1yNXU-nOjf5w"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "ncurses", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("ncurses", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/ncurses/ncurses-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
--- a/internal/rosa/netfilter.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/netfilter.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newLibmnl(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibmnl() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.0.5"
 		checksum = "DN-vbbvQDpxXJm0TJ6xlluILvfrB86avrCTX50XyE9SEFSAZ_o8nuKc5Gu0Am7-u"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libmnl", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("libmnl", version, newTar(
 		"https://www.netfilter.org/projects/libmnl/files/"+
 			"libmnl-"+version+".tar.bz2",
 		checksum,
@@ -50,12 +50,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibnftnl(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibnftnl() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.3.1"
 		checksum = "91ou66K-I17iX6DB6hiQkhhC_v4DFW5iDGzwjVRNbJNEmKqowLZBlh3FY-ZDO0r9"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libnftnl", version, s.newTagRemote(t,
+	return t.NewPackage("libnftnl", version, t.newTagRemote(
 		"https://git.netfilter.org/libnftnl",
 		"libnftnl-"+version, checksum,
 	), &PackageAttr{
@@ -92,12 +92,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newIPTables(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newIPTables() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.8.13"
 		checksum = "TUA-cFIAsiMvtRR-XzQvXzoIhJUOc9J2gQDJCbBRjmgmVfGfPTCf58wL7e-cUKVQ"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "iptables", version, s.newTagRemote(t,
+	return t.NewPackage("iptables", version, t.newTagRemote(
 		"https://git.netfilter.org/iptables",
 		"v"+version, checksum,
 	), &PackageAttr{
--- a/internal/rosa/nettle.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/nettle.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newNettle(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newNettle() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "4.0"
 		checksum = "6agC-vHzzoqAlaX3K9tX8yHgrm03HLqPZzVzq8jh_ePbuPMIvpxereu_uRJFmQK7"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "nettle", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("nettle", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/nettle/nettle-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
--- a/internal/rosa/nettle3.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/nettle3.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newNettle3(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newNettle3() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "3.10.2"
 		checksum = "07aXlj10X5llf67jIqRQAA1pgLSgb0w_JYggZVPuKNoc-B-_usb5Kr8FrfBe7g1S"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "nettle", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("nettle", version, newTar(
 		"https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/nettle/nettle-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
--- a/internal/rosa/ninja.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/ninja.go
@@ -2,14 +2,14 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newNinja(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newNinja() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.13.2"
 		checksum = "ygKWMa0YV2lWKiFro5hnL-vcKbc_-RACZuPu0Io8qDvgQlZ0dxv7hPNSFkt4214v"
 	)
-	python, _ := s.Load(t, Python)
-	bash, _ := s.Load(t, Bash)
-	return s.New(t, "ninja-"+version, 0, []pkg.Artifact{
+	python, _ := t.Load(Python)
+	bash, _ := t.Load(Bash)
+	return t.New("ninja-"+version, 0, []pkg.Artifact{
 		python,
 		bash,
 	}, nil, nil, `
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ cp ninja /work/system/bin/
 			"googletest-1.16.0.tar.gz",
 			"NjLGvSbgPy_B-y-o1hdanlzEzaYeStFcvFGxpYV3KYlhrWWFRcugYhM3ZMzOA9B_",
 			pkg.TarGzip,
-		)), pkg.Path(AbsUsrSrc.Append("ninja"), true, s.NewPatchedSource(t,
+		)), pkg.Path(AbsUsrSrc.Append("ninja"), true, t.NewPatchedSource(
 		"ninja", version, newFromGitHub(
 			"ninja-build/ninja",
 			"v"+version,
--- a/internal/rosa/nss.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/nss.go
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 )

-func (t Toolchain) newNSS(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newNSS() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "3.123.1"
 		checksum = "g811Z_fc74ssg-s6BeXRG-ipSfJggD6hrxjVJxrOBIz98CE7piv0OLwzIRLMQpwR"
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newNSS(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 		version0  = "4_38_2"
 		checksum0 = "25x2uJeQnOHIiq_zj17b4sYqKgeoU8-IsySUptoPcdHZ52PohFZfGuIisBreWzx0"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "nss", version, newFromGitHub(
+	return t.NewPackage("nss", version, newFromGitHub(
 		"nss-dev/nss",
 		"NSS_"+strings.Join(strings.SplitN(version, ".", 3), "_")+"_RTM",
 		checksum,
@@ -102,8 +102,8 @@ rm buildcatrust/tests/test_nonhermetic.py
 	)
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newNSSCACert(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-	return s.New(t, "nss-cacert", 0, s.AppendPresets(t, nil,
+func (t Toolchain) newNSSCACert() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	return t.New("nss-cacert", 0, t.Append(nil,
 		Bash,

 		NSS,
--- a/internal/rosa/openssl.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/openssl.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newOpenSSL(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newOpenSSL() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "3.6.2"
 		checksum = "jH004dXTiE01Hp0kyShkWXwrSHEksZi4i_3v47D9H9Uz9LQ1aMwF7mrl2Tb4t_XA"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "openssl", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
+	return t.NewPackage("openssl", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
 		"openssl/openssl",
 		"openssl-"+version,
 		"openssl-"+version+".tar.gz",
--- a/internal/rosa/p11.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/p11.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newP11Kit(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newP11Kit() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "0.26.2"
 		checksum = "3ei-6DUVtYzrRVe-SubtNgRlweXd6H2qHmUu-_5qVyIn6gSTvZbGS2u79Y8IFb2N"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "p11-kit", version, s.newTagRemote(t,
+	return t.NewPackage("p11-kit", version, t.newTagRemote(
 		"https://github.com/p11-glue/p11-kit.git",
 		version, checksum,
 	), nil, &MesonHelper{
--- a/internal/rosa/pcre2.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/pcre2.go
@@ -4,12 +4,12 @@ import (
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 )

-func (t Toolchain) newPCRE2(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newPCRE2() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "10.47"
 		checksum = "IbC24vVayju6nB9EhrBPSDexk22wDecdpyrjgC3nCZXkwTnUjq4CD2q5sopqu6CW"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "pcre2", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
+	return t.NewPackage("pcre2", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
 		"PCRE2Project/pcre2",
 		"pcre2-"+version,
 		"pcre2-"+version+".tar.bz2",
--- a/internal/rosa/perl.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/perl.go
@@ -7,12 +7,12 @@ import (
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 )

-func (t Toolchain) newPerl(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newPerl() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "5.42.2"
 		checksum = "Me_xFfgkRnVyG0sE6a74TktK2OUq9Z1LVJNEu_9RdZG3S2fbjfzNiuk2SJqHAgbm"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "perl", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("perl", version, newTar(
 		"https://www.cpan.org/src/5.0/perl-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -65,8 +65,7 @@ func init() {
 }

 // newViaPerlModuleBuild installs a perl module via Build.PL.
-func (s *S) newViaPerlModuleBuild(
-	t Toolchain,
+func (t Toolchain) newViaPerlModuleBuild(
 	name, version string,
 	source pkg.Artifact,
 	patches []KV,
@@ -75,7 +74,7 @@ func (s *S) newViaPerlModuleBuild(
 	if name == "" || version == "" {
 		panic("names must be non-empty")
 	}
-	return s.New(t, "perl-"+name, 0, s.AppendPresets(t, nil,
+	return t.New("perl-"+name, 0, t.Append(nil,
 		slices.Concat(P{Perl}, extra)...,
 	), nil, nil, `
 cd /usr/src/`+name+`
@@ -83,17 +82,17 @@ perl Build.PL --prefix=/system
 ./Build build
 ./Build test
 ./Build install --destdir=/work
-`, pkg.Path(AbsUsrSrc.Append(name), true, s.NewPatchedSource(t,
+`, pkg.Path(AbsUsrSrc.Append(name), true, t.NewPatchedSource(
 		"perl-"+name, version, source, false, patches...,
 	)))
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newPerlModuleBuild(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newPerlModuleBuild() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "0.4234"
 		checksum = "ZKxEFG4hE1rqZt52zBL2LRZBMkYzhjb5-cTBXcsyA52EbPeeYyVxU176yAea8-Di"
 	)
-	return s.newViaPerlModuleBuild(t, "Module-Build", version, newTar(
+	return t.newViaPerlModuleBuild("Module-Build", version, newTar(
 		"https://cpan.metacpan.org/authors/id/L/LE/LEONT/"+
 			"Module-Build-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
@@ -115,14 +114,13 @@ func init() {
 }

 // newViaPerlMakeMaker installs a perl module via Makefile.PL.
-func (s *S) newViaPerlMakeMaker(
-	t Toolchain,
+func (t Toolchain) newViaPerlMakeMaker(
 	name, version string,
 	source pkg.Artifact,
 	patches []KV,
 	extra ...ArtifactH,
 ) pkg.Artifact {
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "perl-"+name, version, source, &PackageAttr{
+	return t.NewPackage("perl-"+name, version, source, &PackageAttr{
 		// uses source tree as scratch space
 		Writable:    true,
 		Chmod:       true,
@@ -143,12 +141,12 @@ func (s *S) newViaPerlMakeMaker(
 	})...)
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newPerlLocaleGettext(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newPerlLocaleGettext() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.07"
 		checksum = "cFq4BKFD1MWSoa7lsrPjpdo9kzPqd0jlRcBFUyL1L1isw8m3D_Sge_ff0MAu_9J3"
 	)
-	return s.newViaPerlMakeMaker(t, "Locale::gettext", version, newFromCPAN(
+	return t.newViaPerlMakeMaker("Locale::gettext", version, newFromCPAN(
 		"PVANDRY",
 		"Locale-gettext",
 		version,
@@ -167,12 +165,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newPerlPodParser(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newPerlPodParser() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.67"
 		checksum = "RdURu9mOfExk_loCp6abxlcQV3FycSNbTqhRS9i6JUqnYfGGEgercK30g0gjYyqe"
 	)
-	return s.newViaPerlMakeMaker(t, "Pod::Parser", version, newFromCPAN(
+	return t.newViaPerlMakeMaker("Pod::Parser", version, newFromCPAN(
 		"MAREKR",
 		"Pod-Parser",
 		version,
@@ -191,12 +189,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newPerlSGMLS(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newPerlSGMLS() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.1"
 		checksum = "aZijn4MUqD-wfyZgdcCruCwl4SgDdu25cNmJ4_UvdAk9a7uz4gzMQdoeB6DQ6QOy"
 	)
-	return s.newViaPerlMakeMaker(t, "SGMLS", version, newFromCPAN(
+	return t.newViaPerlMakeMaker("SGMLS", version, newFromCPAN(
 		"RAAB",
 		"SGMLSpm",
 		version,
@@ -229,12 +227,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newPerlTermReadKey(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newPerlTermReadKey() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2.38"
 		checksum = "qerL8Xo7kD0f42PZoiEbmE8Roc_S9pOa27LXelY4DN_0UNy_u5wLrGHI8utNlaiI"
 	)
-	return s.newViaPerlMakeMaker(t, "Term::ReadKey", version, newFromCPAN(
+	return t.newViaPerlMakeMaker("Term::ReadKey", version, newFromCPAN(
 		"JSTOWE",
 		"TermReadKey",
 		version,
@@ -253,12 +251,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newPerlTextCharWidth(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newPerlTextCharWidth() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "0.04"
 		checksum = "G2p5RHU4_HiZ23ZusBA_enTlVMxz0J4esUx4CGcOPhY6xYTbp-aXWRN6lYZpzBw2"
 	)
-	return s.newViaPerlMakeMaker(t, "Text::CharWidth", version, newFromCPAN(
+	return t.newViaPerlMakeMaker("Text::CharWidth", version, newFromCPAN(
 		"KUBOTA",
 		"Text-CharWidth",
 		version,
@@ -277,12 +275,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newPerlTextWrapI18N(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newPerlTextWrapI18N() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "0.06"
 		checksum = "Vmo89qLgxUqyQ6QmWJVqu60aQAUjrNKRjFQSXGnvClxofzRjiCa6idzPgJ4VkixM"
 	)
-	return s.newViaPerlMakeMaker(t, "Text::WrapI18N", version, newFromCPAN(
+	return t.newViaPerlMakeMaker("Text::WrapI18N", version, newFromCPAN(
 		"KUBOTA",
 		"Text-WrapI18N",
 		version,
@@ -307,12 +305,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newPerlMIMECharset(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newPerlMIMECharset() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.013.1"
 		checksum = "Ou_ukcrOa1cgtE3mptinb-os3bdL1SXzbRDFZQF3prrJj-drc3rp_huay7iDLJol"
 	)
-	return s.newViaPerlMakeMaker(t, "MIME::Charset", version, newFromCPAN(
+	return t.newViaPerlMakeMaker("MIME::Charset", version, newFromCPAN(
 		"NEZUMI",
 		"MIME-Charset",
 		version,
@@ -331,12 +329,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newPerlUnicodeLineBreak(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newPerlUnicodeLineBreak() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2019.001"
 		checksum = "ZHVkh7EDgAUHnTpvXsnPAuWpgNoBImtY_9_8TIbo2co_WgUwEb0MtXPhI8pAZ5OH"
 	)
-	return s.newViaPerlMakeMaker(t, "Unicode::LineBreak", version, newFromCPAN(
+	return t.newViaPerlMakeMaker("Unicode::LineBreak", version, newFromCPAN(
 		"NEZUMI",
 		"Unicode-LineBreak",
 		version,
@@ -361,12 +359,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newPerlYAMLTiny(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newPerlYAMLTiny() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.76"
 		checksum = "V1MV4KPym1LxSw8CRXqPR3K-l1hGHbT5Ob4t-9xju6R9X_CWyw6hI8wsMaNdHdBY"
 	)
-	return s.newViaPerlMakeMaker(t, "YAML::Tiny", version, newFromCPAN(
+	return t.newViaPerlMakeMaker("YAML::Tiny", version, newFromCPAN(
 		"ETHER",
 		"YAML-Tiny",
 		version,
@@ -385,12 +383,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newPerlTestCmd(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newPerlTestCmd() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.09"
 		checksum = "gpGUwyC9IozDiYSgW_kXARNfXsTPFa6cTowJmmCBbPqcs2-pONZca_SB06FGy-7H"
 	)
-	return s.newViaPerlMakeMaker(t, "Test::Cmd", version, newFromCPAN(
+	return t.newViaPerlMakeMaker("Test::Cmd", version, newFromCPAN(
 		"NEILB",
 		"Test-Cmd",
 		version,
--- a/internal/rosa/pixman.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/pixman.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newPixman(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newPixman() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "0.46.4"
 		checksum = "iECDxLG9SxUrvGHqeDoaBa-b3uqdT5DC4zudjtrwb8Wodq82pyacmFNEAo4SDsiE"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "pixman", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("pixman", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"pixman/pixman",
 		"pixman-"+version,
--- a/internal/rosa/pkg-config.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/pkg-config.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newPkgConfig(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newPkgConfig() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "0.29.2"
 		checksum = "6UsGqEMA8EER_5b9N0b32UCqiRy39B6_RnPfvuslWhtFV1qYD4DfS10crGZN_TP2"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "pkg-config", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("pkg-config", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"pkg-config/pkg-config",
 		"pkg-config-"+version,
--- a/internal/rosa/procps.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/procps.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newProcps(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newProcps() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "4.0.6"
 		checksum = "pl_fZLvDlv6iZTkm8l_tHFpzTDVFGCiSJEs3eu0zAX6u36AV36P_En8K7JPScRWM"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "procps", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("procps", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.com",
 		"procps-ng/procps",
 		"v"+version,
--- a/internal/rosa/python.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/python.go
@@ -7,12 +7,12 @@ import (
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 )

-func (t Toolchain) newPython(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newPython() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "3.14.5"
 		checksum = "zYIpDlk2ftZ-UVGCQS1rthle2OHoyXV653ztWiopKV1NhmIJf1K2hHbkwM4DozQ9"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "python", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("python", version, newTar(
 		"https://www.python.org/ftp/python/"+version+
 			"/Python-"+version+".tgz",
 		checksum,
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ index 19aea290b58..51603ba9510 100644

 			// _ctypes appears to infer something from the linker name
 			"LDFLAGS=-Wl,--dynamic-linker=/system/lib/" +
-				"ld-musl-" + s.linuxArch() + ".so.1",
+				"ld-musl-" + t.linuxArch() + ".so.1",
 		},
 	}, &MakeHelper{
 		Check: []string{"test"},
@@ -201,8 +201,8 @@ func (s *S) newPythonPackage(
 ) {
 	name = "python-" + name
 	s.MustRegister(&Artifact{
-		f: func(t Toolchain, s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-			return s.NewPackage(t, name, version, source, attrP, attr, slices.Concat(
+		f: func(t Toolchain) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+			return t.NewPackage(name, version, source, attrP, attr, slices.Concat(
 				P{Python},
 				extra,
 				build,
@@ -353,9 +353,9 @@ func init() {

 func init() {
 	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
-		f: func(t Toolchain, s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-			source, version := s.Load(t, llvmSource)
-			return s.NewPackage(t, "lit", version, source, nil, &PipHelper{
+		f: func(t Toolchain) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+			source, version := t.Load(llvmSource)
+			return t.NewPackage("lit", version, source, nil, &PipHelper{
 				Append: []string{"llvm", "utils", "lit"},
 				// already checked during llvm
 				SkipCheck: true,
--- a/internal/rosa/qemu.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/qemu.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newQEMU(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newQEMU() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "11.0.0"
 		checksum = "C64gdi_Tkdg2fTwD9ERxtWGcf8vNn_6UvczW0c-x0KW1NZtd3NbEOIrlDhYGn15n"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "qemu", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("qemu", version, newTar(
 		"https://download.qemu.org/qemu-"+version+".tar.bz2",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarBzip2,
--- a/internal/rosa/rdfind.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/rdfind.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newRdfind(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newRdfind() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.8.0"
 		checksum = "PoaeJ2WIG6yyfe5VAYZlOdAQiR3mb3WhAUMj2ziTCx_IIEal4640HMJUb4SzU9U3"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "rdfind", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("rdfind", version, newTar(
 		"https://rdfind.pauldreik.se/rdfind-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
--- a/internal/rosa/report.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/report.go
@@ -32,12 +32,13 @@ func WriteReport(msg message.Msg, w io.Writer, c *pkg.Cache) error {
 		zero [wordSize]byte
 		buf  [len(pkg.ID{}) + wordSize]byte
 	)
+	t := native.Std()
 	for _, p := range native.Collect() {
-		a, _ := native.Load(Std, p)
 		meta := native.Get(p)
 		if meta == nil {
 			return errors.New("artifact " + p.String() + " in inconsistent state")
 		}
+		a, _ := t.MustLoad(p)
 		if _, ok := a.(pkg.FileArtifact); ok {
 			msg.Verbosef("skipping file artifact %s", meta.Name)
 			continue
--- a/internal/rosa/rosa.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/rosa.go
@@ -104,49 +104,46 @@ func (s *S) earlyLDFLAGS(static bool) string {
 	return p
 }

-// Toolchain denotes the infrastructure to compile a [pkg.Artifact] on.
-type Toolchain uint32
-
 const (
-	// _toolchainBusybox denotes a busybox installation from the busyboxBin
-	// binary distribution. This is defined as a toolchain to make use of the
-	// toolchain abstractions to preprocess toolchainGentoo and is not a real,
+	// _stageBusybox denotes a busybox installation from the busyboxBin
+	// binary distribution. This is defined as a [Stage] to make use of the
+	// toolchain abstractions to preprocess stageGentoo and is not a real,
 	// functioning toolchain. It does not contain any compilers.
-	_toolchainBusybox Toolchain = iota
+	_stageBusybox Stage = iota

-	// toolchainGentoo denotes the toolchain in a Gentoo stage3 tarball. Special
-	// care must be taken to compile correctly against this toolchain.
-	toolchainGentoo
+	// stageGentoo denotes the toolchain in a Gentoo stage3 tarball. Special
+	// care must be taken to compile correctly against this stage.
+	stageGentoo

-	// toolchainIntermediateGentoo is like to toolchainIntermediate, but
-	// compiled against toolchainGentoo.
-	toolchainIntermediateGentoo
+	// stageIntermediateGentoo is like stageIntermediate, but compiled against
+	// stageGentoo.
+	stageIntermediateGentoo

-	// toolchainStdGentoo is like Std, but bootstrapped from toolchainGentoo.
-	// This toolchain creates the first [Stage0] distribution.
-	toolchainStdGentoo
+	// stageStdGentoo is like Std, but bootstrapped from stageGentoo. This
+	// toolchain creates the first [Stage0] distribution.
+	stageStdGentoo

-	// toolchainStage0 denotes the stage0 toolchain. Special care must be taken
+	// stageEarly denotes the stage0 toolchain. Special care must be taken
 	// to compile correctly against this toolchain.
-	toolchainStage0
+	stageEarly

-	// toolchainIntermediate denotes the intermediate toolchain compiled against
-	// toolchainStage0. This toolchain should be functionally identical to [Std]
+	// stageIntermediate denotes the intermediate toolchain compiled against
+	// stageEarly. This toolchain should be functionally identical to [Std]
 	// and is used to bootstrap [Std].
-	toolchainIntermediate
+	stageIntermediate

 	// Std denotes the standard Rosa OS toolchain.
 	Std

-	// _toolchainEnd is the total number of toolchains available and does not
-	// denote a valid toolchain.
-	_toolchainEnd
+	// _stageEnd is the total number of stages available and does not denote a
+	// valid toolchain.
+	_stageEnd
 )

 // isStage0 returns whether t is a stage0 toolchain.
-func (t Toolchain) isStage0() bool {
+func (t Stage) isStage0() bool {
 	switch t {
-	case toolchainGentoo, toolchainStage0:
+	case stageGentoo, stageEarly:
 		return true
 	default:
 		return false
@@ -154,9 +151,9 @@ func (t Toolchain) isStage0() bool {
 }

 // isIntermediate returns whether t is an intermediate toolchain.
-func (t Toolchain) isIntermediate() bool {
+func (t Stage) isIntermediate() bool {
 	switch t {
-	case toolchainIntermediateGentoo, toolchainIntermediate:
+	case stageIntermediateGentoo, stageIntermediate:
 		return true
 	default:
 		return false
@@ -164,9 +161,9 @@ func (t Toolchain) isIntermediate() bool {
 }

 // isStd returns whether t is considered functionally equivalent to [Std].
-func (t Toolchain) isStd() bool {
+func (t Stage) isStd() bool {
 	switch t {
-	case toolchainStdGentoo, Std:
+	case stageStdGentoo, Std:
 		return true
 	default:
 		return false
@@ -224,8 +221,7 @@ const (
 )

 // New returns a [pkg.Artifact] based on a [Toolchain] via s.
-func (s *S) New(
-	t Toolchain,
+func (t Toolchain) New(
 	name string,
 	flag int,
 	extra []pkg.Artifact,
@@ -238,21 +234,21 @@ func (s *S) New(
 	const lcMessages = "LC_MESSAGES=C.UTF-8"

 	var support []pkg.Artifact
-	switch t {
-	case _toolchainBusybox:
+	switch t.stage {
+	case _stageBusybox:
 		name += "-early"
-		support = slices.Concat([]pkg.Artifact{s.newBusyboxBin()}, extra)
+		support = slices.Concat([]pkg.Artifact{t.newBusyboxBin()}, extra)
 		env = fixupEnviron(env, nil, "/system/bin")

-	case toolchainGentoo, toolchainStage0:
+	case stageGentoo, stageEarly:
 		name += "-boot"
 		support = append(support, extra...)
 		support = append(support, cureEtc{})
-		if t == toolchainStage0 {
-			a, _ := s.Load(t, stage0Dist)
+		if t.stage == stageEarly {
+			a, _ := t.Load(stage0Dist)
 			support = append(support, a)
 		} else {
-			support = append(support, s.New(_toolchainBusybox, "gentoo", 0, nil, nil, nil, `
+			support = append(support, t.S.New(_stageBusybox).New("gentoo", 0, nil, nil, nil, `
 tar -C /work -xf /usr/src/stage3.tar.xz
 rm -rf /work/dev/ /work/proc/
 ln -vs ../usr/bin /work/bin
@@ -263,22 +259,22 @@ mkdir -vp /work/system/bin
 	.)
 `, pkg.Path(AbsUsrSrc.Append("stage3.tar.xz"), false,
 				pkg.NewHTTPGet(
-					nil, s.gentooStage3,
-					s.gentooStage3Checksum,
+					nil, t.gentooStage3,
+					t.gentooStage3Checksum,
 				),
 			)))
 		}
 		env = fixupEnviron(env, []string{
-			EnvTriplet + "=" + s.triple(),
+			EnvTriplet + "=" + t.triple(),
 			lcMessages,
-			"LDFLAGS=" + s.earlyLDFLAGS(true),
+			"LDFLAGS=" + t.earlyLDFLAGS(true),
 		}, "/system/bin",
 			"/usr/bin",
 		)

-	case toolchainIntermediateGentoo, toolchainStdGentoo,
-		toolchainIntermediate, Std:
-		if t.isIntermediate() {
+	case stageIntermediateGentoo, stageStdGentoo,
+		stageIntermediate, Std:
+		if t.stage.isIntermediate() {
 			name += "-std"
 		}

@@ -292,7 +288,7 @@ mkdir -vp /work/system/bin
 			base = Musl
 		}

-		support = slices.Concat(extra, s.AppendPresets(t-1, []pkg.Artifact{
+		support = slices.Concat(extra, t.S.New(t.stage-1).Append([]pkg.Artifact{
 			cureEtc{newIANAEtc()},
 		},
 			base,
@@ -300,16 +296,16 @@ mkdir -vp /work/system/bin
 			toybox,
 		))
 		env = fixupEnviron(env, []string{
-			EnvTriplet + "=" + s.triple(),
+			EnvTriplet + "=" + t.triple(),
 			lcMessages,
 		}, "/system/bin", "/bin")

 	default:
-		panic("unsupported toolchain " + strconv.Itoa(int(t)))
+		panic("unsupported toolchain " + strconv.Itoa(int(t.stage)))
 	}

 	return pkg.NewExec(
-		name, s.arch, knownChecksum, pkg.ExecTimeoutMax,
+		name, t.arch, knownChecksum, pkg.ExecTimeoutMax,
 		flag&THostNet != 0,
 		flag&TExclusive != 0,
 		fhs.AbsRoot, env,
@@ -328,8 +324,7 @@ mkdir -vp /work/system/bin

 // NewPatchedSource returns [pkg.Artifact] of source with patches applied. If
 // passthrough is true, source is returned as is for zero length patches.
-func (s *S) NewPatchedSource(
-	t Toolchain,
+func (t Toolchain) NewPatchedSource(
 	name, version string,
 	source pkg.Artifact,
 	passthrough bool,
@@ -362,7 +357,7 @@ cat /usr/src/` + name + `-patches/* | \
 `
 		aname += "-patched"
 	}
-	return s.New(t, aname, 0, s.AppendPresets(t, nil,
+	return t.New(aname, 0, t.Append(nil,
 		Patch,
 	), nil, nil, script, paths...)
 }
@@ -431,42 +426,34 @@ func paGet() pa { return paPool.Get().(pa) }
 // paPut returns a pa to paPool.
 func paPut(pv pa) { clear(pv); paPool.Put(pv) }

-// appendPreset recursively appends a [PArtifact] and its runtime dependencies.
-func (s *S) appendPreset(
-	t Toolchain,
-	a []pkg.Artifact,
-	pv pa, p ArtifactH,
-) []pkg.Artifact {
+// appendHandle recursively appends an [Artifact] named by its handle, and its
+// runtime dependencies.
+func (t Toolchain) appendHandle(a []pkg.Artifact, pv pa, p ArtifactH) []pkg.Artifact {
 	if _, ok := pv[p]; ok {
 		return a
 	}
 	pv[p] = struct{}{}

-	for _, d := range s.Get(p).Dependencies {
-		a = s.appendPreset(t, a, pv, d)
+	for _, d := range t.MustGet(p).Dependencies {
+		a = t.appendHandle(a, pv, d)
 	}
-	d, _ := s.Load(t, p)
+	d, _ := t.Load(p)
 	return append(a, d)
 }

-// AppendPresets recursively appends multiple [PArtifact] and their runtime
-// dependencies.
-func (s *S) AppendPresets(
-	t Toolchain,
-	a []pkg.Artifact,
-	presets ...ArtifactH,
-) []pkg.Artifact {
+// Append recursively appends multiple [Artifact] named by their handles, and
+// their runtime dependencies.
+func (t Toolchain) Append(a []pkg.Artifact, handles ...ArtifactH) []pkg.Artifact {
 	pv := paGet()
-	for _, p := range presets {
-		a = s.appendPreset(t, a, pv, p)
+	for _, p := range handles {
+		a = t.appendHandle(a, pv, p)
 	}
 	paPut(pv)
 	return a
 }

 // NewPackage constructs a [pkg.Artifact] via a build system helper.
-func (s *S) NewPackage(
-	t Toolchain,
+func (t Toolchain) NewPackage(
 	name, version string,
 	source pkg.Artifact,
 	attr *PackageAttr,
@@ -488,10 +475,10 @@ func (s *S) NewPackage(
 	{
 		pv := paGet()
 		for _, p := range helper.extra(attr.Flag) {
-			extraRes = s.appendPreset(t, extraRes, pv, p)
+			extraRes = t.appendHandle(extraRes, pv, p)
 		}
 		for _, p := range extra {
-			extraRes = s.appendPreset(t, extraRes, pv, p)
+			extraRes = t.appendHandle(extraRes, pv, p)
 		}
 		paPut(pv)
 	}
@@ -535,19 +522,18 @@ cd '/usr/src/` + name + `/'
 		panic("cannot remain in root")
 	}

-	return s.New(
-		t,
+	return t.New(
 		name+"-"+version,
 		attr.Flag,
 		extraRes,
 		attr.KnownChecksum,
 		attr.Env,
-		scriptEarly+helper.script(s, name),
+		scriptEarly+helper.script(t.S, name),
 		slices.Concat(attr.Paths, []pkg.ExecPath{
 			pkg.Path(AbsUsrSrc.Append(
 				name+sourceSuffix,
-			), attr.Writable || wantsWrite, s.NewPatchedSource(
-				t, name, version, source, !attr.Chmod && !wantsChmod, attr.Patches...,
+			), attr.Writable || wantsWrite, t.NewPatchedSource(
+				name, version, source, !attr.Chmod && !wantsChmod, attr.Patches...,
 			)),
 		})...,
 	)
--- a/internal/rosa/rosa_test.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/rosa_test.go
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ func TestCureAll(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()

 	for _, p := range rosa.Native().Collect() {
-		a, _ := rosa.Native().Load(rosa.Std, p)
+		a, _ := rosa.Native().Std().MustLoad(p)
 		meta := rosa.Native().MustGet(p)
 		t.Run(meta.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
@@ -93,13 +93,13 @@ func TestCureAll(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func BenchmarkStage3(b *testing.B) {
-	s := rosa.Native().Clone()
+	t := rosa.Native().Clone().Std()

 	for b.Loop() {
-		s.Load(rosa.Std, rosa.LLVM)
+		t.MustLoad(rosa.LLVM)

 		b.StopTimer()
-		s.DropCaches("", 0)
+		t.DropCaches("", 0)
 		b.StartTimer()
 	}
 }
--- a/internal/rosa/rsync.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/rsync.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newRsync(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newRsync() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "3.4.2"
 		checksum = "t7PxS4WHXzefLMKKc_3hJgxUmlGG6KgHMZ8i4DZvCQAUAizxbclNKwfLyOHyq5BX"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "rsync", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("rsync", version, newTar(
 		"https://download.samba.org/pub/rsync/src/"+
 			"rsync-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
--- a/internal/rosa/squashfs.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/squashfs.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newSquashfsTools(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newSquashfsTools() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "4.7.5"
 		checksum = "rF52wLQP-jeAmcD-48wqJcck8ZWRFwkax3T-7snaRf5EBnCQQh0YypMY9lwcivLz"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "squashfs-tools", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
+	return t.NewPackage("squashfs-tools", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
 		"plougher/squashfs-tools",
 		version,
 		"squashfs-tools-"+version+".tar.gz",
--- a/internal/rosa/stage0.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/stage0.go
@@ -5,17 +5,17 @@ import (
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 )

-func (t Toolchain) newStage0(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-	return s.New(t, "rosa-stage0", 0, s.AppendPresets(t, nil,
+func (t Toolchain) newStage0() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	return t.New("rosa-stage0", 0, t.Append(nil,
 		Bzip2,
 	), nil, nil, `
 umask 377
 tar \
 	-vjc \
 	-C /stage0 \
-	-f /work/stage0-`+s.triple()+`.tar.bz2 \
+	-f /work/stage0-`+t.triple()+`.tar.bz2 \
 	.
-`, pkg.Path(fhs.AbsRoot.Append("stage0"), false, s.AppendPresets(t, nil,
+`, pkg.Path(fhs.AbsRoot.Append("stage0"), false, t.Append(nil,
 		LLVM,
 		Mksh,
 		toyboxEarly,
@@ -33,15 +33,15 @@ func init() {
 func init() {
 	const version = "20260504"
 	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
-		f: func(_ Toolchain, s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+		f: func(t Toolchain) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 			return newTar(
 				"https://hakurei.app/seed/"+version+"/"+
-					"stage0-"+s.triple()+".tar.bz2",
+					"stage0-"+t.triple()+".tar.bz2",
 				perArch[string]{
 					"amd64":   "IQjFDkiAVLo1XzflgMMiLP3gnVY2hhDMTzl-QqJDCQhcLQ3lLtRzjI5WCxGyW_lk",
 					"arm64":   "6fmwl2Umx2QssKQvxxb1JOGkAjzfA_MXKku0jVdGjYGb35OvwEVA5NYtd0HIy3yH",
 					"riscv64": "Z2ODV0rIoo9iQRUIu35bsaOBeXc_9qQfGcyb2aGneatzNUJlXh5emSpEV2bOklUL",
-				}.unwrap(s),
+				}.unwrap(t.S),
 				pkg.TarBzip2,
 			), version
 		},
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ func init() {
 func HasStage0() (ok bool) {
 	func() {
 		defer func() { ok = recover() == nil }()
-		native.Load(toolchainStage0, stage0Dist)
+		native.New(stageEarly).Load(stage0Dist)
 	}()
 	return
 }
--- a/internal/rosa/state.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/state.go
@@ -20,30 +20,43 @@ import (
 type ArtifactH unique.Handle[string]

 // String returns the name of p.
-func (p ArtifactH) String() string {
-	return unique.Handle[string](p).Value()
+func (handle ArtifactH) String() string {
+	return unique.Handle[string](handle).Value()
 }

 // MarshalJSON represents [ArtifactH] by its [Artifact.Name].
-func (p ArtifactH) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) { return json.Marshal(p.String()) }
+func (handle ArtifactH) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(handle.String())
+}

 // UnmarshalJSON resolves [ArtifactH] by its [Artifact.Name].
-func (p *ArtifactH) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+func (handle *ArtifactH) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 	var name string
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &name); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	*p = ArtifactH(unique.Make(name))
+	*handle = ArtifactH(unique.Make(name))
 	return nil
 }

+type (
+	// Stage denotes the infrastructure to compile a [pkg.Artifact] on.
+	Stage uint32
+	// Toolchain refers to an instance of [S], and a [Stage] to compile on.
+	Toolchain struct {
+		stage Stage
+
+		*S
+	}
+)
+
 // P represents multiple [ArtifactH].
 type P []ArtifactH

 // Artifact is stage-agnostic immutable data with a deterministic resulting
 // [pkg.Artifact]. It can be created natively or through evaluation.
 type Artifact struct {
-	f func(t Toolchain, s *S) (a pkg.Artifact, version string)
+	f func(t Toolchain) (a pkg.Artifact, version string)

 	// Unique package name.
 	Name string `json:"name"`
@@ -159,7 +172,7 @@ type S struct {
 	opts int

 	// Cached [pkg.Artifact].
-	c [_toolchainEnd]sync.Map
+	c [_stageEnd]sync.Map

 	// URL of a Gentoo stage3 tarball.
 	gentooStage3 string
@@ -208,9 +221,9 @@ func (s *S) DropCaches(targetArch string, flags int) {
 }

 // Get returns the address of the named [Artifact].
-func (s *S) Get(p ArtifactH) (meta *Artifact) {
+func (s *S) Get(handle ArtifactH) (meta *Artifact) {
 	s.wantsArch()
-	v, ok := s.artifacts.Load(p)
+	v, ok := s.artifacts.Load(handle)
 	if ok {
 		meta = v.(*Artifact)
 	}
@@ -218,38 +231,46 @@ func (s *S) Get(p ArtifactH) (meta *Artifact) {
 }

 // MustGet is like Get, but panics if the named [Artifact] is not registered.
-func (s *S) MustGet(p ArtifactH) (meta *Artifact) {
-	meta = s.Get(p)
+func (s *S) MustGet(handle ArtifactH) (meta *Artifact) {
+	meta = s.Get(handle)
 	if meta == nil {
-		panic("artifact " + strconv.Quote(p.String()) + " not available")
+		panic("artifact " + strconv.Quote(handle.String()) + " not available")
 	}
 	return
 }

+// New returns a [Toolchain] for the specified [Stage].
+func (s *S) New(stage Stage) Toolchain {
+	return Toolchain{S: s, stage: stage}
+}
+
+// Std is a convenience method that returns a [Toolchain] for the [Std] stage.
+func (s *S) Std() Toolchain { return s.New(Std) }
+
 // Load returns the resulting [pkg.Artifact] of [ArtifactH].
-func (s *S) Load(t Toolchain, p ArtifactH) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-	s.wantsArch()
-	e, ok := s.c[t].Load(p)
+func (t Toolchain) Load(handle ArtifactH) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	t.wantsArch()
+	e, ok := t.c[t.stage].Load(handle)
 	if ok {
 		r := e.(cachedArtifact)
 		return r.a, r.v
 	}

-	meta := s.Get(p)
+	meta := t.Get(handle)
 	if meta == nil {
 		return nil, ""
 	}
 	var r cachedArtifact
-	r.a, r.v = meta.f(t, s)
-	s.c[t].Store(p, r)
+	r.a, r.v = meta.f(t)
+	t.c[t.stage].Store(handle, r)
 	return r.a, r.v
 }

 // MustLoad is like Load, but panics if the named [Artifact] is not registered.
-func (s *S) MustLoad(t Toolchain, p ArtifactH) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-	a, version := s.Load(t, p)
+func (t Toolchain) MustLoad(handle ArtifactH) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	a, version := t.Load(handle)
 	if a == nil {
-		panic("artifact " + strconv.Quote(p.String()) + " not available")
+		panic("artifact " + strconv.Quote(handle.String()) + " not available")
 	}
 	return a, version
 }
--- a/internal/rosa/state_test.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/state_test.go
@@ -13,21 +13,21 @@ func TestLoad(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(rosa.Native().MustGet(p).Name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()

-			rosa.Native().Load(rosa.Std, p)
+			rosa.Native().Std().MustLoad(p)
 		})
 	}
 }

 func BenchmarkAll(b *testing.B) {
-	s := rosa.Native().Clone()
+	t := rosa.Native().Clone().Std()

 	for b.Loop() {
-		for _, p := range s.Collect() {
-			s.Load(rosa.Std, p)
+		for _, p := range t.Collect() {
+			t.MustLoad(p)
 		}

 		b.StopTimer()
-		s.DropCaches("", 0)
+		t.DropCaches("", 0)
 		b.StartTimer()
 	}
 }
--- a/internal/rosa/strace.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/strace.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newStrace(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newStrace() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "6.19"
 		checksum = "XJFJJ9XLh_1rHS3m_QNjLKzkkBAooE-QT9p9lJNNWowAmd54IJop_fI4-IFtjeeL"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "strace", version, pkg.NewHTTPGet(
+	return t.NewPackage("strace", version, pkg.NewHTTPGet(
 		nil, "https://strace.io/files/"+version+"/strace-"+version+".tar.xz",
 		mustDecode(checksum),
 	), &PackageAttr{
--- a/internal/rosa/tamago.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/tamago.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newTamaGo(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newTamaGo() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.26.3"
 		checksum = "-nH3MjAzDDLTeJ2hRKYJcJwo5-Ikci4zOHfB8j1vKn7zrF9TS6zYaoLi8qohGwAE"
 	)
-	return s.New(t, "tamago-go"+version, 0, s.AppendPresets(t, nil,
+	return t.New("tamago-go"+version, 0, t.Append(nil,
 		Bash,
 		Go,
 	), nil, []string{
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ cd /work/system/tamago/src
 chmod -R +w ..

 sed -i \
-	's,/lib/ld-musl-`+s.linuxArch()+`.so.1,/system/bin/linker,' \
-	cmd/link/internal/`+s.arch+`/obj.go
+	's,/lib/ld-musl-`+t.linuxArch()+`.so.1,/system/bin/linker,' \
+	cmd/link/internal/`+t.arch+`/obj.go
 sed -i \
 	's/cpu.X86.HasAVX512VBMI/& \&\& cpu.X86.HasPOPCNT/' \
 	internal/runtime/gc/scan/scan_amd64.go
--- a/internal/rosa/toybox.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/toybox.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (s *S) newToybox(t Toolchain, suffix, script string) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newToybox(suffix, script string) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "0.8.13"
 		checksum = "rZ1V1ATDte2WeQZanxLVoiRGdfPXhMlEo5-exX-e-ml8cGn9qOv0ABEUVZpX3wTI"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "toybox"+suffix, version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("toybox"+suffix, version, newTar(
 		"https://landley.net/toybox/downloads/toybox-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ sed -i \
 	's/^CONFIG_TOYBOX_ZHELP=y$/CONFIG_TOYBOX_ZHELP=0/' \
 	.config
 ` + script,
-		SkipCheck: t.isStage0(),
+		SkipCheck: t.stage.isStage0(),
 		Check: []string{
 			"USER=cure",
 			"tests",
@@ -60,8 +60,8 @@ ln -s ../../system/bin/env /work/usr/bin
 }
 func init() {
 	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
-		f: func(t Toolchain, s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-			return s.newToybox(t, "", "")
+		f: func(t Toolchain) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+			return t.newToybox("", "")
 		},

 		Name:        "toybox",
@@ -72,8 +72,8 @@ func init() {
 	})

 	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
-		f: func(t Toolchain, s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-			return s.newToybox(t, "-early", `
+		f: func(t Toolchain) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+			return t.newToybox("-early", `
 echo '
 CONFIG_EXPR=y
 CONFIG_TR=y
--- a/internal/rosa/unzip.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/unzip.go
@@ -6,12 +6,12 @@ import (
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 )

-func (t Toolchain) newUnzip(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newUnzip() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "6.0"
 		checksum = "fcqjB1IOVRNJ16K5gTGEDt3zCJDVBc7EDSra9w3H93stqkNwH1vaPQs_QGOpQZu1"
 	)
-	return s.New(t, "unzip-"+version, 0, s.AppendPresets(t, nil,
+	return t.New("unzip-"+version, 0, t.Append(nil,
 		Make,
 		Coreutils,
 	), nil, nil, `
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ make -f unix/Makefile generic1

 mkdir -p /work/system/bin/
 mv unzip /work/system/bin/
-`, pkg.Path(AbsUsrSrc.Append("unzip"), true, s.NewPatchedSource(t,
+`, pkg.Path(AbsUsrSrc.Append("unzip"), true, t.NewPatchedSource(
 		"unzip", version, newTar(
 			"https://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/infozip/"+
 				"UnZip%206.x%20%28latest%29/UnZip%20"+version+"/"+
--- a/internal/rosa/util-linux.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/util-linux.go
@@ -6,12 +6,12 @@ import (
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 )

-func (t Toolchain) newUtilLinux(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newUtilLinux() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2.42"
 		checksum = "Uy8Nxg9DsW5YwDoeaZeZTyQJ2YmnaaL_fSsQXsLUiFFUd7wnZeD_3SEaVO7ClJlk"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "util-linux", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("util-linux", version, newTar(
 		"https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/"+
 			"v"+strings.Join(strings.SplitN(version, ".", 3)[:2], ".")+
 			"/util-linux-"+version+".tar.gz",
--- a/internal/rosa/vim.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/vim.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newVIM(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newVIM() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "9.2.0461"
 		checksum = "18Rr_5oIf_PkKuqVkN4CMZIGkZEgpN1vamlrsvPLBjn4mN98CRuoJmhzRZ7MoVYM"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "vim", version, newFromGitHub(
+	return t.NewPackage("vim", version, newFromGitHub(
 		"vim/vim",
 		"v"+version,
 		checksum,
--- a/internal/rosa/wayland.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/wayland.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newWayland(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newWayland() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.25.0"
 		checksum = "q-4dYXme46JPgLGtXAxyZGTy7udll9RfT0VXtcW2YRR1WWViUhvdZXZneXzLqpCg"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "wayland", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("wayland", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"wayland/wayland",
 		version,
@@ -52,12 +52,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newWaylandProtocols(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newWaylandProtocols() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.48"
 		checksum = "xvfHCBIzXGwOqOu9b8dfhGw_U29Pd-g4JBwpYIaxee8SwEbxi6NaVU-Y1Q7wY4jK"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "wayland-protocols", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("wayland-protocols", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"wayland/wayland-protocols",
 		version,
--- a/internal/rosa/x.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/x.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newUtilMacros(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newUtilMacros() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.20.2"
 		checksum = "Ze8QH3Z3emC0pWFP-0nUYeMy7aBW3L_dxBBmVgcumIHNzEKc1iGTR-yUFR3JcM1G"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "util-macros", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("util-macros", version, newTar(
 		"https://www.x.org/releases/individual/util/"+
 			"util-macros-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
@@ -26,12 +26,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibxtrans(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibxtrans() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.6.0"
 		checksum = "1cxDCF59fLf1HyGDMcjR1L50ZbjD0RTTEDUpOJYcHXu6HUK_Ds0x-KREY7rLNxu9"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libxtrans", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("libxtrans", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"xorg/lib/libxtrans",
 		"xtrans-"+version,
@@ -58,12 +58,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newXorgProto(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newXorgProto() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2025.1"
 		checksum = "pTwJiBJHKA6Rgm3cVDXy1lyvXNIUzTRaukvvYdk1xWoJ_1G-Dfjm9MyewuyIjoHz"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "xorgproto", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("xorgproto", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"xorg/proto/xorgproto",
 		"xorgproto-"+version,
@@ -89,12 +89,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibXau(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibXau() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.0.12"
 		checksum = "G9AjnU_C160q814MCdjFOVt_mQz_pIt4wf4GNOQmGJS3UuuyMw53sfPvJ7WOqwXN"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libXau", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("libXau", version, newTar(
 		"https://www.x.org/releases/individual/lib/"+
 			"libXau-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
@@ -127,12 +127,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newXCBProto(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newXCBProto() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.17.0"
 		checksum = "_NtbKaJ_iyT7XiJz25mXQ7y-niTzE8sHPvLXZPcqtNoV_-vTzqkezJ8Hp2U1enCv"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "xcb-proto", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("xcb-proto", version, newTar(
 		"https://xcb.freedesktop.org/dist/xcb-proto-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -152,12 +152,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newXCB(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newXCB() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.17.0"
 		checksum = "hjjsc79LpWM_hZjNWbDDS6qRQUXREjjekS6UbUsDq-RR1_AjgNDxhRvZf-1_kzDd"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "xcb", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("xcb", version, newTar(
 		"https://xcb.freedesktop.org/dist/libxcb-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -186,12 +186,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibxcbUtilKeysyms(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibxcbUtilKeysyms() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "0.4.1"
 		checksum = "-EEje12UEjtFBuIjb6Fy4cxEghV20BXwQ1BLvhtvSuVcrFkp_X-ZHRM48wAspXZ4"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libxcb-util-keysyms", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("libxcb-util-keysyms", version, newTar(
 		"https://xcb.freedesktop.org/dist/xcb-util-keysyms-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -217,12 +217,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibxcbUtilImage(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibxcbUtilImage() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "0.4.1"
 		checksum = "47pvXmFwaUBZIrJ4CE9xjTQIFyxeqoNAL-DshlB11GZ_jjI3G1a6KF0K7mtBQ1E7"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libxcb-util-image", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("libxcb-util-image", version, newTar(
 		"https://xcb.freedesktop.org/dist/xcb-util-image-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -248,12 +248,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibxcbUtilWM(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibxcbUtilWM() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "0.4.2"
 		checksum = "g0VZgMU9hcIgyXb3XxBR9xqsvUMBd9qt_Dbmwoj2h5y24pODr_S_D0DhRsuXUNjF"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libxcb-util-wm", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("libxcb-util-wm", version, newTar(
 		"https://xcb.freedesktop.org/dist/xcb-util-wm-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -280,12 +280,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibxcbUtil(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibxcbUtil() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "0.4.1"
 		checksum = "YMXGQUQbF6PoEAGflvYnJYsLWjti6sL_ifY47wIXTNGVM3tQ8u41nkBYN4K1D5CD"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libxcb-util", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("libxcb-util", version, newTar(
 		"https://www.x.org/releases/individual/xcb/"+
 			"xcb-util-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
@@ -313,12 +313,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibxcbRenderUtil(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibxcbRenderUtil() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "0.3.10"
 		checksum = "n08L8PyCoOd7v2vb6fSVq5Pq6JtteXVh9K2wrQMTNwGMf_Fjpi6i3HWF-TMFSVTI"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libxcb-render-util", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("libxcb-render-util", version, newTar(
 		"https://www.x.org/releases/individual/xcb/"+
 			"xcb-util-renderutil-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
@@ -346,12 +346,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibX11(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibX11() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.8.13"
 		checksum = "ARh-cuZY_U2v3DbPS1byc7ybh9NInZc-yav7SJiusk_C7408s058qWV83ocMd2pT"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libX11", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("libX11", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"xorg/lib/libx11",
 		"libX11-"+version,
@@ -390,12 +390,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibXext(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibXext() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.3.7"
 		checksum = "-0wvUDaucLPLNOrK1pcKhHNoO-5nUqQyyw6JAbhx65gRjuMiNKKaF2_tcrbC_KNq"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libXext", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("libXext", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"xorg/lib/libxext",
 		"libXext-"+version,
@@ -427,12 +427,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibXfixes(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibXfixes() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "6.0.2"
 		checksum = "_-kJfKZ7cE3NNeMr6NLSXCmsyP7MVEHVPLNfxatz2qBy3_fZJvPMQwZNOC9y6V5L"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libXfixes", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("libXfixes", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"xorg/lib/libxfixes",
 		"libXfixes-"+version,
@@ -465,12 +465,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibXrender(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibXrender() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "0.9.12"
 		checksum = "s6nWn-r17X_W-7anaS7wIcq5_Levf9zAigwJDD9Klp-cCJTVDhLo7GufuVOrxVP0"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libXrender", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("libXrender", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"xorg/lib/libxrender",
 		"libXrender-"+version,
@@ -502,12 +502,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibxshmfence(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibxshmfence() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.3.3"
 		checksum = "JamExTPg81By2fs3vWdeo_dzlpBQeAwXr2sDXeHJqm9XBoLW5pamiD6FgAWtAKyA"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libxshmfence", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("libxshmfence", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"xorg/lib/libxshmfence",
 		"libxshmfence-"+version,
@@ -535,12 +535,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibXxf86vm(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibXxf86vm() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.1.7"
 		checksum = "mS4cgKWrwz6M1Lb6Qu4ZVh8Xn2Ca_4HXPxr3LDad4iYY1LecZfeLUPW1hkp6amX_"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libXxf86vm", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("libXxf86vm", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"xorg/lib/libxxf86vm",
 		"libXxf86vm-"+version,
@@ -573,12 +573,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibXrandr(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibXrandr() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.5.5"
 		checksum = "OF7C7VC5MwnFue9UX5UnIkG1PIWvn9bBMq6d4mVyJJ_rcF0w4Kedn1lfxBsXEKAP"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libXrandr", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("libXrandr", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"xorg/lib/libxrandr",
 		"libXrandr-"+version,
@@ -613,12 +613,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newFontUtil(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newFontUtil() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.4.2"
 		checksum = "YWiaIxkq-N2yNdbGa_RF1S0UkQq6xsgoRT73WZP2DOmyH_CJ0TAkpQjId657MQmh"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "font-util", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("font-util", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"xorg/font/util",
 		"font-util-"+version,
@@ -645,12 +645,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibfontenc(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibfontenc() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.1.9"
 		checksum = "XqosXfbVwaoYzG9vVyRCl3eatwjASoJdLZsxQ37NN8S_jTyqNmbxpRSJGImJj7RS"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libfontenc", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("libfontenc", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"xorg/lib/libfontenc",
 		"libfontenc-"+version,
@@ -679,12 +679,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibxkbfile(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibxkbfile() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.2.0"
 		checksum = "WUtph1ab0AyATahlwljchBxZJcpjYrjyhCK9DW2VO0uXEXaN22GWmUaibcA83i_B"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libxkbfile", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("libxkbfile", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"xorg/lib/libxkbfile",
 		"libxkbfile-"+version,
@@ -709,12 +709,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newXkbcomp(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newXkbcomp() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.5.0"
 		checksum = "ttICW8ZPbljI-nw2kknvxFhwFoDK40iAMBeZDLAHYsHf3B6UPO_zc9TpzZYRRyZH"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "xkbcomp", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("xkbcomp", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"xorg/app/xkbcomp",
 		"xkbcomp-"+version,
@@ -747,12 +747,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibXfont2(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibXfont2() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2.0.7"
 		checksum = "jv9BZNA02493KB8j1lfAErF5SA3ZFcAhm3_UVJ--Bp1maz-vNprl_wXpkHApBi9M"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libXfont2", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("libXfont2", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"xorg/lib/libxfont",
 		"libXfont2-"+version,
@@ -788,12 +788,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibxcvt(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibxcvt() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "0.1.3"
 		checksum = "IfIA7SxlHMWh681e1AgYmZcRAfkZd5LlzmqcMRifNY5nNVRrUx_wnoaidAv0Yu03"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libxcvt", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("libxcvt", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"xorg/lib/libxcvt",
 		"libxcvt-"+version,
@@ -812,12 +812,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibXdmcp(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibXdmcp() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.1.5"
 		checksum = "N6AJSv9pmeBedFn8KuSIOUGvTken4rkypNWVE2KfPlliwkfIbhfXrt5YHZkBMUHp"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libXdmcp", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("libXdmcp", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"xorg/lib/libxdmcp",
 		"libXdmcp-"+version,
@@ -845,12 +845,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newXkeyboardConfig(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newXkeyboardConfig() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "2.47"
 		checksum = "E03PsPIaRrxPAuKgDGSQyPiJB49wXtyyvdV0lVx3_G-pelMMlaFLkoTDHTHG_qgA"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "xkeyboard-config", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("xkeyboard-config", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"xkeyboard-config/xkeyboard-config",
 		"xkeyboard-config-"+version,
@@ -871,12 +871,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newLibpciaccess(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibpciaccess() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "0.19"
 		checksum = "84H0c_U_7fMqo81bpuwyXGXtk4XvvFH_YK00UiOriv3YGsuAhmbo2IkFhmJnvu2x"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "libpciaccess", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("libpciaccess", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"xorg/lib/libpciaccess",
 		"libpciaccess-"+version,
@@ -903,12 +903,12 @@ func init() {
 	})
 }

-func (t Toolchain) newXserver(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newXserver() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "21.1.22"
 		checksum = "prLT2wKecBu5m9w1ThgIt0GvenNpjKXoOyvTiMA1oQTlP0QHh6QiWsdvH3OmUwNo"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "xserver", version, newFromGitLab(
+	return t.NewPackage("xserver", version, newFromGitLab(
 		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
 		"xorg/xserver",
 		"xorg-server-"+version,
--- a/internal/rosa/xz.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/xz.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newXZ(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newXZ() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "5.8.3"
 		checksum = "nCdayphPGdIdVoAZ2hR4vYlhDG9LeVKho_i7ealTud4Vxy5o5dWe0VwFlN7utuUL"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "xz", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
+	return t.NewPackage("xz", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
 		"tukaani-project/xz",
 		"v"+version,
 		"xz-"+version+".tar.bz2",
--- a/internal/rosa/zlib.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/zlib.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newZlib(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newZlib() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.3.2"
 		checksum = "KHZrePe42vL2XvOUE3KlJkp1UgWhWkl0jjT_BOvFhuM4GzieEH9S7CioepOFVGYB"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "zlib", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("zlib", version, newTar(
 		"https://www.zlib.net/fossils/zlib-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
--- a/internal/rosa/zstd.go
+++ b/internal/rosa/zstd.go
@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@ package rosa

 import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"

-func (t Toolchain) newZstd(s *S) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newZstd() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "1.5.7"
 		checksum = "4XhfR7DwVkwo1R-TmYDAJOcx9YXv9WSFhcFUe3hWEAMmdMLPhFaznCqYIA19_xxV"
 	)
-	return s.NewPackage(t, "zstd", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
+	return t.NewPackage("zstd", version, newFromGitHubRelease(
 		"facebook/zstd",
 		"v"+version,
 		"zstd-"+version+".tar.gz",