internal/rosa/kernel: arch-specific headers checksum

These headers differ by target architecture.

Signed-off-by: Ophestra <cat@gensokyo.uk>

cmd/mbf/info.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"os"
 	"strings"
+	"unique"
 
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
 	"hakurei.app/internal/rosa"
@@ -35,17 +36,20 @@ func commandInfo(
 		}
 	}
 
+	t := rosa.Native().Std()
 	for i, name := range args {
-		if p, ok := rosa.ResolveName(name); !ok {
+		handle := rosa.ArtifactH(unique.Make(name))
+		if meta := rosa.Native().Get(handle); meta == nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("unknown artifact %q", name)
 		} else {
 			var suffix string
-			if version := rosa.Std.Version(p); version != rosa.Unversioned {
+
+			a, version := t.MustLoad(handle)
+			if version != rosa.Unversioned {
 				suffix += "-" + version
 			}
 			mustPrintln("name        : " + name + suffix)
 
-			meta := rosa.GetMetadata(p)
 			mustPrintln("description : " + meta.Description)
 			if meta.Website != "" {
 				mustPrintln("website     : " +
@@ -54,9 +58,9 @@ func commandInfo(
 			if len(meta.Dependencies) > 0 {
 				mustPrint("depends on  :")
 				for _, d := range meta.Dependencies {
-					s := rosa.GetMetadata(d).Name
-					if version := rosa.Std.Version(d); version != rosa.Unversioned {
-						s += "-" + version
+					s := rosa.Native().MustGet(d).Name
+					if _, _version := t.Load(d); _version != rosa.Unversioned {
+						s += "-" + _version
 					}
 					mustPrint(" " + s)
 				}
@@ -68,7 +72,7 @@ func commandInfo(
 				if r == nil {
 					var f io.ReadSeekCloser
 					err = cm.Do(func(cache *pkg.Cache) (err error) {
-						f, err = cache.OpenStatus(rosa.Std.Load(p))
+						f, err = cache.OpenStatus(a)
 						return
 					})
 					if err != nil {
@@ -87,7 +91,7 @@ func commandInfo(
 						}
 					}
 				} else if err = cm.Do(func(cache *pkg.Cache) (err error) {
-					status, n := r.ArtifactOf(cache.Ident(rosa.Std.Load(p)))
+					status, n := r.ArtifactOf(cache.Ident(a))
 					if status == nil {
 						mustPrintln(
 							statusPrefix + "not in report",

cmd/mbf/info_test.go

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"syscall"
 	"testing"
+	"unique"
 	"unsafe"
 
 	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
@@ -20,6 +21,14 @@ import (
 func TestInfo(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
+	_t := rosa.Native().Std()
+	_, qemuVersion := _t.Load(rosa.QEMU)
+	_, glibVersion := _t.Load(rosa.GLib)
+	zlib, zlibVersion := _t.Load(rosa.Zlib)
+	_, zstdVersion := _t.Load(rosa.Zstd)
+	_, hakureiVersion := _t.Load(rosa.Hakurei)
+	_, hakureiDistVersion := _t.Load(rosa.HakureiDist)
+
 	testCases := []struct {
 		name    string
 		args    []string
@@ -29,24 +38,24 @@ func TestInfo(t *testing.T) {
 		wantErr any
 	}{
 		{"qemu", []string{"qemu"}, nil, "", `
-name        : qemu-` + rosa.Std.Version(rosa.QEMU) + `
+name        : qemu-` + qemuVersion + `
 description : a generic and open source machine emulator and virtualizer
 website     : https://www.qemu.org
-depends on  : glib-` + rosa.Std.Version(rosa.GLib) + ` zstd-` + rosa.Std.Version(rosa.Zstd) + `
+depends on  : glib-` + glibVersion + ` zstd-` + zstdVersion + `
 `, nil},
 
 		{"multi", []string{"hakurei", "hakurei-dist"}, nil, "", `
-name        : hakurei-` + rosa.Std.Version(rosa.Hakurei) + `
+name        : hakurei-` + hakureiVersion + `
 description : low-level userspace tooling for Rosa OS
 website     : https://hakurei.app
 
-name        : hakurei-dist-` + rosa.Std.Version(rosa.HakureiDist) + `
+name        : hakurei-dist-` + hakureiDistVersion + `
 description : low-level userspace tooling for Rosa OS (distribution tarball)
 website     : https://hakurei.app
 `, nil},
 
 		{"nonexistent", []string{"zlib", "\x00"}, nil, "", `
-name        : zlib-` + rosa.Std.Version(rosa.Zlib) + `
+name        : zlib-` + zlibVersion + `
 description : lossless data-compression library
 website     : https://zlib.net
 
@@ -56,12 +65,12 @@ website     : https://zlib.net
 			"zstd":    "internal/pkg (amd64) on satori\n",
 			"hakurei": "internal/pkg (amd64) on satori\n\n",
 		}, "", `
-name        : zlib-` + rosa.Std.Version(rosa.Zlib) + `
+name        : zlib-` + zlibVersion + `
 description : lossless data-compression library
 website     : https://zlib.net
 status      : not yet cured
 
-name        : zstd-` + rosa.Std.Version(rosa.Zstd) + `
+name        : zstd-` + zstdVersion + `
 description : a fast compression algorithm
 website     : https://facebook.github.io/zstd
 status      : internal/pkg (amd64) on satori
@@ -70,19 +79,19 @@ status      : internal/pkg (amd64) on satori
 		{"status cache perm", []string{"zlib"}, map[string]string{
 			"zlib": "\x00",
 		}, "", `
-name        : zlib-` + rosa.Std.Version(rosa.Zlib) + `
+name        : zlib-` + zlibVersion + `
 description : lossless data-compression library
 website     : https://zlib.net
 `, func(cm *cache) error {
 			return &os.PathError{
 				Op:   "open",
-				Path: filepath.Join(cm.base, "status", pkg.Encode(cm.c.Ident(rosa.Std.Load(rosa.Zlib)).Value())),
+				Path: filepath.Join(cm.base, "status", pkg.Encode(cm.c.Ident(zlib).Value())),
 				Err:  syscall.EACCES,
 			}
 		}},
 
 		{"status report", []string{"zlib"}, nil, strings.Repeat("\x00", len(pkg.Checksum{})+8), `
-name        : zlib-` + rosa.Std.Version(rosa.Zlib) + `
+name        : zlib-` + zlibVersion + `
 description : lossless data-compression library
 website     : https://zlib.net
 status      : not in report
@@ -131,8 +140,8 @@ status      : not in report
 
 			if tc.status != nil {
 				for name, status := range tc.status {
-					p, ok := rosa.ResolveName(name)
-					if !ok {
+					a, _ := _t.Load(rosa.ArtifactH(unique.Make(name)))
+					if a == nil {
 						t.Fatalf("invalid name %q", name)
 					}
 					perm := os.FileMode(0400)
@@ -143,7 +152,7 @@ status      : not in report
 						return os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(
 							cm.base,
 							"status",
-							pkg.Encode(cache.Ident(rosa.Std.Load(p)).Value()),
+							pkg.Encode(cache.Ident(a).Value()),
 						), unsafe.Slice(unsafe.StringData(status), len(status)), perm)
 					}); err != nil {
 						t.Fatalf("Do: error = %v", err)

cmd/mbf/internal/pkgserver/api.go

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ var (
 // handleInfo writes constant system information.
 func handleInfo(w http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
 	infoPayloadOnce.Do(func() {
-		infoPayload.Count = int(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart)
+		infoPayload.Count = int(rosa.Native().Count())
 		infoPayload.HakureiVersion = info.Version()
 	})
 	// TODO(mae): cache entire response if no additional fields are planned
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ func (index *packageIndex) handleGet(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	if err != nil || i >= len(index.sorts[0]) || i < 0 {
 		http.Error(
 			w, "index must be an integer between 0 and "+
-				strconv.Itoa(int(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart-1)),
+				strconv.Itoa(len(index.sorts[0])-1),
 			http.StatusBadRequest,
 		)
 		return
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ func (index *packageIndex) handleSearch(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request)
 	if err != nil || i >= len(index.sorts[0]) || i < 0 {
 		http.Error(
 			w, "index must be an integer between 0 and "+
-				strconv.Itoa(int(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart-1)),
+				strconv.Itoa(len(index.sorts[0])-1),
 			http.StatusBadRequest,
 		)
 		return

cmd/mbf/internal/pkgserver/api_test.go

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package pkgserver
 import (
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
-	"slices"
 	"strconv"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -32,7 +31,7 @@ func TestAPIInfo(t *testing.T) {
 	checkPayload(t, resp, struct {
 		Count          int    `json:"count"`
 		HakureiVersion string `json:"hakurei_version"`
-	}{int(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart), info.Version()})
+	}{rosa.Native().Count(), info.Version()})
 }
 
 func TestAPIGet(t *testing.T) {
@@ -96,8 +95,8 @@ func TestAPIGet(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("index", func(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Parallel()
 		checkValidate(
-			t, "limit=1&sort=0&index", 0, int(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart-1),
-			"index must be an integer between 0 and "+strconv.Itoa(int(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart-1)),
+			t, "limit=1&sort=0&index", 0, rosa.Native().Count()-1,
+			"index must be an integer between 0 and "+strconv.Itoa(rosa.Native().Count()-1),
 		)
 	})
 
@@ -108,74 +107,4 @@ func TestAPIGet(t *testing.T) {
 			"sort must be an integer between 0 and "+strconv.Itoa(int(sortOrderEnd)),
 		)
 	})
-
-	checkWithSuffix := func(name, suffix string, want []*metadata) {
-		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			t.Parallel()
-
-			w := newRequest(suffix)
-			resp := w.Result()
-			checkStatus(t, resp, http.StatusOK)
-			checkAPIHeader(t, w.Header())
-			checkPayloadFunc(t, resp, func(got *struct {
-				Values []*metadata `json:"values"`
-			}) bool {
-				return slices.EqualFunc(got.Values, want, func(a, b *metadata) bool {
-					return (a.Version == b.Version ||
-						a.Version == rosa.Unversioned ||
-						b.Version == rosa.Unversioned) &&
-						a.HasReport == b.HasReport &&
-						a.Name == b.Name &&
-						a.Description == b.Description &&
-						a.Website == b.Website
-				})
-			})
-
-		})
-	}
-
-	checkWithSuffix("declarationAscending", "?limit=2&index=1&sort=0", []*metadata{
-		{
-			Metadata: rosa.GetMetadata(1),
-			Version:  rosa.Std.Version(1),
-		},
-		{
-			Metadata: rosa.GetMetadata(2),
-			Version:  rosa.Std.Version(2),
-		},
-	})
-	checkWithSuffix("declarationAscending offset", "?limit=3&index=5&sort=0", []*metadata{
-		{
-			Metadata: rosa.GetMetadata(5),
-			Version:  rosa.Std.Version(5),
-		},
-		{
-			Metadata: rosa.GetMetadata(6),
-			Version:  rosa.Std.Version(6),
-		},
-		{
-			Metadata: rosa.GetMetadata(7),
-			Version:  rosa.Std.Version(7),
-		},
-	})
-	checkWithSuffix("declarationDescending", "?limit=3&index=0&sort=1", []*metadata{
-		{
-			Metadata: rosa.GetMetadata(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart - 1),
-			Version:  rosa.Std.Version(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart - 1),
-		},
-		{
-			Metadata: rosa.GetMetadata(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart - 2),
-			Version:  rosa.Std.Version(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart - 2),
-		},
-		{
-			Metadata: rosa.GetMetadata(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart - 3),
-			Version:  rosa.Std.Version(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart - 3),
-		},
-	})
-	checkWithSuffix("declarationDescending offset", "?limit=1&index=37&sort=1", []*metadata{
-		{
-			Metadata: rosa.GetMetadata(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart - 38),
-			Version:  rosa.Std.Version(rosa.PresetUnexportedStart - 38),
-		},
-	})
 }

cmd/mbf/internal/pkgserver/index.go

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ const (
 
 // packageIndex refers to metadata by name and various sort orders.
 type packageIndex struct {
-	sorts  [sortOrderEnd + 1][rosa.PresetUnexportedStart]*metadata
+	sorts  [sortOrderEnd + 1][]*metadata
 	names  map[string]*metadata
 	search searchCache
 	// Taken from [rosa.Report] if available.
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@ type packageIndex struct {
 
 // metadata holds [rosa.Metadata] extended with additional information.
 type metadata struct {
-	p rosa.PArtifact
-	*rosa.Metadata
+	handle rosa.ArtifactH
+	*rosa.Artifact
 
 	// Populated via [rosa.Toolchain.Version], [rosa.Unversioned] is equivalent
 	// to the zero value. Otherwise, the zero value is invalid.
@@ -56,15 +56,17 @@ func (index *packageIndex) populate(report *rosa.Report) (err error) {
 		index.handleAccess = report.HandleAccess
 	}
 
-	var work [rosa.PresetUnexportedStart]*metadata
+	handles := rosa.Native().Collect()
+	work := make([]*metadata, len(handles))
 	index.names = make(map[string]*metadata)
 	ir := pkg.NewIR()
-	for p := range rosa.PresetUnexportedStart {
+	for i, handle := range handles {
+		a, version := rosa.Native().Std().MustLoad(handle)
 		m := metadata{
-			p: p,
+			handle: handle,
 
-			Metadata: rosa.GetMetadata(p),
-			Version:  rosa.Std.Version(p),
+			Artifact: rosa.Native().MustGet(handle),
+			Version:  version,
 		}
 		if m.Version == "" {
 			return errors.New("invalid version from " + m.Name)
@@ -74,13 +76,13 @@ func (index *packageIndex) populate(report *rosa.Report) (err error) {
 		}
 
 		if report != nil {
-			id := ir.Ident(rosa.Std.Load(p))
+			id := ir.Ident(a)
 			m.ids = pkg.Encode(id.Value())
 			m.status, m.Size = report.ArtifactOf(id)
 			m.HasReport = m.Size >= 0
 		}
 
-		work[p] = &m
+		work[i] = &m
 		index.names[m.Name] = &m
 	}
 

cmd/mbf/main.go

@@ -97,10 +97,10 @@ func main() {
 		if !flagLTO {
 			flags |= rosa.OptLLVMNoLTO
 		}
-		rosa.DropCaches("", flags)
+		rosa.Native().DropCaches("", flags)
 		cross := flagArch != "" && flagArch != runtime.GOARCH
 		if flagQEMU || cross {
-			cm.qemu = rosa.Std.Load(rosa.QEMU)
+			cm.qemu, _ = rosa.Native().Std().Load(rosa.QEMU)
 		}
 
 		if cross {
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ func main() {
 				flags = flagCrossOverride
 			}
 
-			rosa.DropCaches(flagArch, flags)
+			rosa.Native().DropCaches(flagArch, flags)
 			if !rosa.HasStage0() {
 				return pkg.UnsupportedArchError(flagArch)
 			}
@@ -331,12 +331,12 @@ func main() {
 				n atomic.Uint64
 			)
 
-			w := make(chan rosa.PArtifact)
+			w := make(chan rosa.ArtifactH)
 			var wg sync.WaitGroup
 			for range max(flagJobs, 1) {
 				wg.Go(func() {
 					for p := range w {
-						meta := rosa.GetMetadata(p)
+						meta := rosa.Native().MustGet(p)
 						if meta.ID == 0 {
 							continue
 						}
@@ -349,8 +349,9 @@ func main() {
 							continue
 						}
 
+						_, version := rosa.Native().Std().Load(p)
 						if current, latest :=
-							rosa.Std.Version(p),
+							version,
 							meta.GetLatest(v); current != latest {
 
 							n.Add(1)
@@ -364,9 +365,9 @@ func main() {
 			}
 
 		done:
-			for i := range rosa.PresetEnd {
+			for _, p := range rosa.Native().Collect() {
 				select {
-				case w <- rosa.PArtifact(i):
+				case w <- p:
 					break
 				case <-ctx.Done():
 					break done
@@ -411,9 +412,9 @@ func main() {
 			"stage3",
 			"Check for toolchain 3-stage non-determinism",
 			func(args []string) (err error) {
-				t := rosa.Std
+				s := rosa.Std
 				if flagGentoo != "" {
-					t -= 3 // magic number to discourage misuse
+					s -= 3 // magic number to discourage misuse
 
 					var checksum pkg.Checksum
 					if len(flagChecksum) != 0 {
@@ -421,7 +422,7 @@ func main() {
 							return
 						}
 					}
-					rosa.SetGentooStage3(flagGentoo, checksum)
+					rosa.Native().SetGentooStage3(flagGentoo, checksum)
 				}
 
 				var (
@@ -430,9 +431,8 @@ func main() {
 				)
 
 				if err = cm.Do(func(cache *pkg.Cache) (err error) {
-					pathname, _, err = cache.Cure(
-						(t - 2).Load(rosa.LLVM),
-					)
+					llvm, _ := rosa.Native().New(s - 2).Load(rosa.LLVM)
+					pathname, _, err = cache.Cure(llvm)
 					return
 				}); err != nil {
 					return
@@ -440,18 +440,16 @@ func main() {
 				log.Println("stage1:", pathname)
 
 				if err = cm.Do(func(cache *pkg.Cache) (err error) {
-					pathname, checksum[0], err = cache.Cure(
-						(t - 1).Load(rosa.LLVM),
-					)
+					llvm, _ := rosa.Native().New(s - 1).Load(rosa.LLVM)
+					pathname, checksum[0], err = cache.Cure(llvm)
 					return
 				}); err != nil {
 					return
 				}
 				log.Println("stage2:", pathname)
 				if err = cm.Do(func(cache *pkg.Cache) (err error) {
-					pathname, checksum[1], err = cache.Cure(
-						t.Load(rosa.LLVM),
-					)
+					llvm, _ := rosa.Native().New(s).Load(rosa.LLVM)
+					pathname, checksum[1], err = cache.Cure(llvm)
 					return
 				}); err != nil {
 					return
@@ -472,9 +470,8 @@ func main() {
 
 				if flagStage0 {
 					if err = cm.Do(func(cache *pkg.Cache) (err error) {
-						pathname, _, err = cache.Cure(
-							t.Load(rosa.Stage0),
-						)
+						stage0, _ := rosa.Native().New(s).Load(rosa.Stage0)
+						pathname, _, err = cache.Cure(stage0)
 						return
 					}); err != nil {
 						return
@@ -519,10 +516,6 @@ func main() {
 				if len(args) != 1 {
 					return errors.New("cure requires 1 argument")
 				}
-				p, ok := rosa.ResolveName(args[0])
-				if !ok {
-					return fmt.Errorf("unknown artifact %q", args[0])
-				}
 
 				t := rosa.Std
 				if flagBoot {
@@ -531,11 +524,16 @@ func main() {
 					t -= 1
 				}
 
+				a, _ := rosa.Native().New(t).Load(rosa.ArtifactH(unique.Make(args[0])))
+				if a == nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("unknown artifact %q", args[0])
+				}
+
 				switch {
 				default:
 					var pathname *check.Absolute
 					err := cm.Do(func(cache *pkg.Cache) (err error) {
-						pathname, _, err = cache.Cure(t.Load(p))
+						pathname, _, err = cache.Cure(a)
 						return
 					})
 					if err != nil {
@@ -577,7 +575,7 @@ func main() {
 						return err
 					}
 
-					if err = pkg.NewIR().EncodeAll(f, rosa.Std.Load(p)); err != nil {
+					if err = pkg.NewIR().EncodeAll(f, a); err != nil {
 						_ = f.Close()
 						return err
 					}
@@ -588,7 +586,7 @@ func main() {
 					return cm.Do(func(cache *pkg.Cache) error {
 						return cache.EnterExec(
 							ctx,
-							t.Load(p),
+							a,
 							true, os.Stdin, os.Stdout, os.Stderr,
 							rosa.AbsSystem.Append("bin", "mksh"),
 							"sh",
@@ -600,7 +598,6 @@ func main() {
 					if flagNoReply {
 						flags |= remoteNoReply
 					}
-					a := t.Load(p)
 					pathname, err := cureRemote(ctx, &addr, a, flags)
 					if !flagNoReply && err == nil {
 						log.Println(pathname)
@@ -620,7 +617,7 @@ func main() {
 				case flagFaults:
 					var faults []pkg.Fault
 					if err := cm.Do(func(cache *pkg.Cache) (err error) {
-						faults, err = cache.ReadFaults(t.Load(p))
+						faults, err = cache.ReadFaults(a)
 						return
 					}); err != nil {
 						return err
@@ -634,7 +631,7 @@ func main() {
 				case flagPop:
 					var faults []pkg.Fault
 					if err := cm.Do(func(cache *pkg.Cache) (err error) {
-						faults, err = cache.ReadFaults(t.Load(p))
+						faults, err = cache.ReadFaults(a)
 						return
 					}); err != nil {
 						return err
@@ -740,27 +737,26 @@ func main() {
 			"shell",
 			"Interactive shell in the specified Rosa OS environment",
 			func(args []string) error {
-				presets := make([]rosa.PArtifact, len(args)+3)
+				handles := make([]rosa.ArtifactH, len(args)+3)
 				for i, arg := range args {
-					p, ok := rosa.ResolveName(arg)
-					if !ok {
+					handles[i] = rosa.ArtifactH(unique.Make(arg))
+					if rosa.Native().Get(handles[i]) == nil {
 						return fmt.Errorf("unknown artifact %q", arg)
 					}
-					presets[i] = p
 				}
 
 				base := rosa.LLVM
 				if !flagWithToolchain {
 					base = rosa.Musl
 				}
-				presets = append(presets,
+				handles = append(handles,
 					base,
 					rosa.Mksh,
 					rosa.Toybox,
 				)
 
 				root := make(pkg.Collect, 0, 6+len(args))
-				root = rosa.Std.AppendPresets(root, presets...)
+				root = rosa.Native().Std().Append(root, handles...)
 
 				if err := cm.Do(func(cache *pkg.Cache) error {
 					_, _, err := cache.Cure(&root)

cmd/mbf/main_test.go

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
-	rosa.DropCaches("", rosa.OptLLVMNoLTO)
+	rosa.Native().DropCaches("", rosa.OptLLVMNoLTO)
 	os.Exit(m.Run())
 }
 
@@ -35,10 +35,10 @@ func TestCureAll(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	})
 
-	for i := range rosa.PresetEnd {
-		p := rosa.PArtifact(i)
-		t.Run(rosa.GetMetadata(p).Name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			_, err := cureRemote(t.Context(), &addr, rosa.Std.Load(p), 0)
+	for _, handle := range rosa.Native().Collect() {
+		a, _ := rosa.Native().Std().MustLoad(handle)
+		t.Run(rosa.Native().MustGet(handle).Name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			_, err := cureRemote(t.Context(), &addr, a, 0)
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Error(err)
 			}

internal/pkg/exec_test.go

@@ -86,6 +86,30 @@ func TestExec(t *testing.T) {
 					pkg.MustPath("/opt", false, testtool),
 				), ignorePathname, wantOffline, nil},
 
+				{"substitution", pkg.NewExec(
+					"exec-offline", "", new(wantOffline.hash()), 0, false, false,
+					pkg.AbsWork,
+					[]string{"HAKUREI_TEST=1"},
+					check.MustAbs("/opt/bin/testtool"),
+					[]string{"testtool"},
+
+					pkg.MustPath("/file", false, newStubFile(
+						pkg.KindHTTPGet,
+						pkg.ID{0xfe, 0},
+						nil,
+						nil, nil,
+					)),
+					// substitution miss fails in testtool due to differing idents
+					pkg.MustPath("/.hakurei", false, &stubArtifact{
+						kind:   pkg.KindTar,
+						params: []byte("empty directory (substituted)"),
+						cure: func(t *pkg.TContext) error {
+							return os.MkdirAll(t.GetWorkDir().String(), 0700)
+						},
+					}),
+					pkg.MustPath("/opt", false, testtool),
+				), ignorePathname, wantOffline, nil},
+
 				{"error passthrough", pkg.NewExec(
 					"", "", nil, 0, false, true,
 					pkg.AbsWork,
@@ -147,6 +171,7 @@ func TestExec(t *testing.T) {
 				t.Errorf("unexpected status:\n%s", string(faultStatus))
 			}
 
+			destroyStatus(t, base, 2, 1)
 			testtoolDestroy(t, base, c)
 		}, expectsFS{
 			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
@@ -158,6 +183,8 @@ func TestExec(t *testing.T) {
 			"checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte{}},
 
 			"identifier": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
+			"identifier/IY91PCtOpCYy21AaIK0c9f8-Z6fb2_2ewoHWkt4dxoLf0GOrWqS8yAGFLV84b1Dw": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/" + wantOfflineEncode)},
+			"identifier/QwS7SmiatdqryQYgESdGw7Yw2PcpNf0vNfpvUA0t92BTlKiUjfCrXyMW17G2X77X": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
 			"identifier/_gAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/OLBgp1GsljhM2TJ-sbHjaiH9txEUvgdDTAzHv2P24donTt6_529l-9Ua0vFImLlb")},
 			"identifier/" + expected.Offline:                                              {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/" + wantOfflineEncode)},
 			"identifier/vjz1MHPcGBKV7sjcs8jQP3cqxJ1hgPTiQBMCEHP9BGXjGxd-tJmEmXKaStObo5gK": {Mode: fs.ModeSymlink | 0777, Data: []byte("../checksum/MGWmEfjut2QE2xPJwTsmUzpff4BN_FEnQ7T0j7gvUCCiugJQNwqt9m151fm9D1yU")},
@@ -201,6 +228,7 @@ func TestExec(t *testing.T) {
 				), ignorePathname, wantNet, nil},
 			})
 
+			destroyStatus(t, base, 2, 0)
 			testtoolDestroy(t, base, c)
 		}, expectsFS{
 			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
@@ -244,6 +272,7 @@ func TestExec(t *testing.T) {
 				), ignorePathname, wantOffline, nil},
 			})
 
+			destroyStatus(t, base, 2, 0)
 			testtoolDestroy(t, base, c)
 		}, expectsFS{
 			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
@@ -290,6 +319,7 @@ func TestExec(t *testing.T) {
 				), ignorePathname, wantOffline, nil},
 			})
 
+			destroyStatus(t, base, 2, 0)
 			testtoolDestroy(t, base, c)
 		}, expectsFS{
 			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
@@ -358,6 +388,7 @@ func TestExec(t *testing.T) {
 				), ignorePathname, wantOffline, nil},
 			})
 
+			destroyStatus(t, base, 2, 0)
 			testtoolDestroy(t, base, c)
 		}, expectsFS{
 			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
@@ -410,6 +441,7 @@ func TestExec(t *testing.T) {
 				), ignorePathname, wantOffline, nil},
 			})
 
+			destroyStatus(t, base, 2, 0)
 			testtoolDestroy(t, base, c)
 		}, expectsFS{
 			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
@@ -473,6 +505,8 @@ func TestExec(t *testing.T) {
 					"check": {Mode: 0400, Data: []byte("binfmt")},
 				}, nil},
 			})
+
+			destroyStatus(t, base, 2, 0)
 		}, expectsFS{
 			".": {Mode: fs.ModeDir | 0700},
 

internal/pkg/pkg_test.go

@@ -245,6 +245,41 @@ func newDestroyArtifactFunc(a pkg.Artifact) func(
 	}
 }
 
+// destroyStatus counts non-substitution status entries and destroys them.
+func destroyStatus(t *testing.T, base *check.Absolute, c, s int) {
+	dents, err := os.ReadDir(base.Append("status").String())
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	var gotC, gotS int
+	for _, dent := range dents {
+		if err = os.Remove(base.Append(
+			"status",
+			dent.Name(),
+		).String()); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if dent.Type().IsRegular() {
+			gotC++
+			continue
+		}
+		if dent.Type()&fs.ModeSymlink == fs.ModeSymlink {
+			gotS++
+			continue
+		}
+		t.Errorf("%s: %s", dent.Name(), dent.Type())
+	}
+
+	if gotC != c {
+		t.Errorf("status: c = %d, want %d", gotC, c)
+	}
+	if gotS != s {
+		t.Errorf("status: s = %d, want %d", gotS, s)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestIdent(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 
@@ -489,8 +524,9 @@ func checkWithCache(t *testing.T, testCases []cacheTestCase) {
 				}
 			}
 
-			// destroy non-deterministic status files
-			if err := os.RemoveAll(base.Append("status").String()); err != nil {
+			// destroy empty status directory
+			if err := syscall.Rmdir(base.Append("status").String()); err != nil {
+				t.Error(expectsFrom(base.Append("status").String()))
 				t.Fatal(err)
 			}
 

internal/rosa/acl.go

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ ln -s ../../system/bin/perl /usr/bin
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Attr] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newAttr,
 
 		Name:        "attr",
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/attr/",
 
 		ID: 137,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newACL() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newACL() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[ACL] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newACL,
 
 		Name:        "acl",
@@ -106,5 +106,5 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 16,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/all.go

@@ -1,425 +0,0 @@
-package rosa
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"net/http"
-	"runtime"
-	"strconv"
-	"sync"
-
-	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
-)
-
-// PArtifact is a lazily-initialised [pkg.Artifact] preset.
-type PArtifact int
-
-const (
-	LLVM PArtifact = iota
-
-	// EarlyInit is the Rosa OS init program.
-	EarlyInit
-	// ImageSystem is the Rosa OS /system image.
-	ImageSystem
-	// ImageInitramfs is the Rosa OS initramfs archive.
-	ImageInitramfs
-
-	// Kernel is the generic Rosa OS Linux kernel.
-	Kernel
-	// KernelHeaders is an installation of kernel headers for [Kernel].
-	KernelHeaders
-	// KernelSource is a writable kernel source tree installed to [AbsUsrSrc].
-	KernelSource
-	// Firmware is firmware blobs for use with the Linux kernel.
-	Firmware
-
-	ACL
-	ArgpStandalone
-	Attr
-	Autoconf
-	Automake
-	BC
-	Bash
-	Binutils
-	Bison
-	Bzip2
-	CMake
-	Connman
-	Coreutils
-	Curl
-	DBus
-	DTC
-	Diffutils
-	Elfutils
-	Fakeroot
-	Findutils
-	Flex
-	Fuse
-	GMP
-	GLib
-	Gawk
-	GenInitCPIO
-	Gettext
-	Git
-	Glslang
-	GnuTLS
-	Go
-	Gperf
-	Grep
-	Gzip
-	Hakurei
-	HakureiDist
-	Hwdata
-	IPTables
-	Kmod
-	LIT
-	LibX11
-	LibXau
-	LibXext
-	LibXrandr
-	LibXrender
-	LibXxf86vm
-	Libarchive
-	Libbsd
-	Libcap
-	Libconfig
-	LibdisplayInfo
-	Libdrm
-	Libev
-	Libexpat
-	Libffi
-	Libgd
-	Libglvnd
-	Libiconv
-	Libmd
-	Libmnl
-	Libnftnl
-	Libpciaccess
-	Libpng
-	Libpsl
-	Libseccomp
-	Libtasn1
-	Libtool
-	Libucontext
-	Libunistring
-	Libxshmfence
-	Libxml2
-	Libxslt
-	Libxtrans
-	M4
-	MPC
-	MPFR
-	Make
-	Meson
-	Mksh
-	MuslFts
-	MuslObstack
-	NSS
-	NSSCACert
-	Ncurses
-	Nettle
-	Ninja
-	OpenSSL
-	P11Kit
-	PCRE2
-	Parallel
-	Patch
-	Perl
-	PerlLocaleGettext
-	PerlMIMECharset
-	PerlModuleBuild
-	PerlPodParser
-	PerlSGMLS
-	PerlTermReadKey
-	PerlTextCharWidth
-	PerlTextWrapI18N
-	PerlUnicodeLineBreak
-	PerlYAMLTiny
-	PkgConfig
-	Procps
-	Python
-	PythonFlitCore
-	PythonHatchling
-	PythonIniConfig
-	PythonMako
-	PythonMarkupSafe
-	PythonPackaging
-	PythonPathspec
-	PythonPluggy
-	PythonPyTest
-	PythonPyYAML
-	PythonPycparser
-	PythonPygments
-	PythonSetuptools
-	PythonSetuptoolsSCM
-	PythonTroveClassifiers
-	PythonVCSVersioning
-	PythonWheel
-	QEMU
-	Rdfind
-	Readline
-	Rsync
-	Sed
-	SPIRVHeaders
-	SPIRVLLVMTranslator
-	SPIRVTools
-	SquashfsTools
-	Strace
-	TamaGo
-	Tar
-	Texinfo
-	Toybox
-	toyboxEarly
-	Unzip
-	UtilLinux
-	VIM
-	Wayland
-	WaylandProtocols
-	XCB
-	XCBProto
-	XCBUtilKeysyms
-	XDGDBusProxy
-	XZ
-	XorgProto
-	Zlib
-	Zstd
-
-	// PresetUnexportedStart is the first unexported preset.
-	PresetUnexportedStart
-
-	stage0Dist = iota - 1
-	llvmSource
-	// earlyCompilerRT is an early, standalone compiler-rt installation for the
-	// standalone runtimes build.
-	//
-	// earlyCompilerRT must only be loaded by [LLVM].
-	earlyCompilerRT
-	// earlyRuntimes is an early, standalone installation of LLVM runtimes to
-	// work around the cmake build system leaking the system LLVM installation
-	// when invoking the newly built toolchain.
-	//
-	// earlyRuntimes must only be loaded by [LLVM].
-	earlyRuntimes
-
-	buildcatrust
-	utilMacros
-
-	// Musl is a standalone libc that does not depend on the toolchain.
-	Musl
-	// muslHeaders is a system installation of [Musl] headers.
-	muslHeaders
-
-	// gcc is a hacked-to-pieces GCC toolchain meant for use in intermediate
-	// stages only. This preset and its direct output must never be exposed.
-	gcc
-
-	// nettle3 is an older version of [Nettle].
-	nettle3
-
-	// Stage0 is a tarball containing all compile-time dependencies of artifacts
-	// part of the [Std] toolchain.
-	Stage0
-
-	// PresetEnd is the total number of presets and does not denote a preset.
-	PresetEnd
-)
-
-// P represents multiple [PArtifact] and is stable through JSON.
-type P []PArtifact
-
-// MarshalJSON represents [PArtifact] by their [Metadata.Name].
-func (s P) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
-	names := make([]string, len(s))
-	for i, p := range s {
-		names[i] = GetMetadata(p).Name
-	}
-	return json.Marshal(names)
-}
-
-// UnmarshalJSON resolves the value created by MarshalJSON back to [P].
-func (s *P) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
-	var names []string
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &names); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	*s = make(P, len(names))
-	for i, name := range names {
-		if p, ok := ResolveName(name); !ok {
-			return fmt.Errorf("unknown artifact %q", name)
-		} else {
-			(*s)[i] = p
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// Metadata is stage-agnostic information of a [PArtifact] not directly
-// representable in the resulting [pkg.Artifact].
-type Metadata struct {
-	f func(t Toolchain) (a pkg.Artifact, version string)
-
-	// Unique package name.
-	Name string `json:"name"`
-	// Short user-facing description.
-	Description string `json:"description"`
-	// Project home page.
-	Website string `json:"website,omitempty"`
-
-	// Runtime dependencies.
-	Dependencies P `json:"dependencies"`
-
-	// Project identifier on [Anitya].
-	//
-	// [Anitya]: https://release-monitoring.org/
-	ID int `json:"-"`
-
-	// Optional custom version checking behaviour.
-	latest func(v *Versions) string
-}
-
-// GetLatest returns the latest version described by v.
-func (meta *Metadata) GetLatest(v *Versions) string {
-	if meta.latest != nil {
-		return meta.latest(v)
-	}
-	return v.Latest
-}
-
-// Unversioned denotes an unversioned [PArtifact].
-const Unversioned = "\x00"
-
-// UnpopulatedIDError is returned by [Metadata.GetLatest] for an instance of
-// [Metadata] where ID is not populated.
-type UnpopulatedIDError struct{}
-
-func (UnpopulatedIDError) Unwrap() error { return errors.ErrUnsupported }
-func (UnpopulatedIDError) Error() string { return "Anitya ID is not populated" }
-
-// Versions are package versions returned by Anitya.
-type Versions struct {
-	// The latest version for the project, as determined by the version sorting algorithm.
-	Latest string `json:"latest_version"`
-	// List of all versions that aren’t flagged as pre-release.
-	Stable []string `json:"stable_versions"`
-	// List of all versions stored, sorted from newest to oldest.
-	All []string `json:"versions"`
-}
-
-// getStable returns the first Stable version, or Latest if that is unavailable.
-func (v *Versions) getStable() string {
-	if len(v.Stable) == 0 {
-		return v.Latest
-	}
-	return v.Stable[0]
-}
-
-// GetVersions returns versions fetched from Anitya.
-func (meta *Metadata) GetVersions(ctx context.Context) (*Versions, error) {
-	if meta.ID == 0 {
-		return nil, UnpopulatedIDError{}
-	}
-
-	var resp *http.Response
-	if req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(
-		ctx,
-		http.MethodGet,
-		"https://release-monitoring.org/api/v2/versions/?project_id="+
-			strconv.Itoa(meta.ID),
-		nil,
-	); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	} else {
-		req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "Rosa/1.1")
-		if resp, err = http.DefaultClient.Do(req); err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-	}
-
-	var v Versions
-	err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&v)
-	return &v, errors.Join(err, resp.Body.Close())
-}
-
-var (
-	// artifactsM is an array of [PArtifact] metadata.
-	artifactsM [PresetEnd]Metadata
-
-	// artifacts stores the result of Metadata.f.
-	artifacts [_toolchainEnd][len(artifactsM)]struct {
-		a pkg.Artifact
-		v string
-	}
-	// artifactsOnce is for lazy initialisation of artifacts.
-	artifactsOnce [_toolchainEnd][len(artifactsM)]sync.Once
-
-	// arch is the target architecture.
-	arch = runtime.GOARCH
-
-	// presetOpts globally modifies behaviour of presets.
-	presetOpts int
-)
-
-const (
-	// OptSkipCheck skips running all test suites.
-	OptSkipCheck = 1 << iota
-	// OptLLVMNoLTO disables LTO in all [LLVM] stages.
-	OptLLVMNoLTO
-)
-
-// Arch returns the target architecture.
-func Arch() string { return arch }
-
-// Flags returns the current preset flags
-func Flags() int { return presetOpts }
-
-// zero zeros the value pointed to by p.
-func zero[T any](p *T) { var v T; *p = v }
-
-// DropCaches arranges for all cached [pkg.Artifact] to be freed some time after
-// it returns. Must not be used concurrently with any other function from this
-// package.
-func DropCaches(targetArch string, flags int) {
-	if targetArch == "" {
-		targetArch = runtime.GOARCH
-	}
-
-	arch = targetArch
-	presetOpts = flags
-	zero(&artifacts)
-	zero(&artifactsOnce)
-}
-
-// GetMetadata returns [Metadata] of a [PArtifact].
-func GetMetadata(p PArtifact) *Metadata { return &artifactsM[p] }
-
-// construct constructs a [pkg.Artifact] corresponding to a [PArtifact] once.
-func (t Toolchain) construct(p PArtifact) {
-	artifactsOnce[t][p].Do(func() {
-		artifacts[t][p].a, artifacts[t][p].v = artifactsM[p].f(t)
-	})
-}
-
-// Load returns the resulting [pkg.Artifact] of [PArtifact].
-func (t Toolchain) Load(p PArtifact) pkg.Artifact {
-	t.construct(p)
-	return artifacts[t][p].a
-}
-
-// Version returns the version string of [PArtifact].
-func (t Toolchain) Version(p PArtifact) string {
-	t.construct(p)
-	return artifacts[t][p].v
-}
-
-// ResolveName returns a [PArtifact] by name.
-func ResolveName(name string) (p PArtifact, ok bool) {
-	for i := range PresetUnexportedStart {
-		if name == artifactsM[i].Name {
-			return i, true
-		}
-	}
-	return 0, false
-}

internal/rosa/all_test.go

@@ -1,81 +0,0 @@
-package rosa_test
-
-import (
-	"testing"
-
-	"hakurei.app/internal/rosa"
-)
-
-func TestLoad(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	for i := range rosa.PresetEnd {
-		p := rosa.PArtifact(i)
-		t.Run(rosa.GetMetadata(p).Name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			t.Parallel()
-
-			rosa.Std.Load(p)
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func BenchmarkAll(b *testing.B) {
-	arch, flags := rosa.Arch(), rosa.Flags()
-	b.Cleanup(func() { rosa.DropCaches(arch, flags) })
-
-	for b.Loop() {
-		for i := range rosa.PresetEnd {
-			rosa.Std.Load(rosa.PArtifact(i))
-		}
-
-		b.StopTimer()
-		rosa.DropCaches("", 0)
-		b.StartTimer()
-	}
-}
-
-func TestResolveName(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	for i := range rosa.PresetUnexportedStart {
-		p := i
-		name := rosa.GetMetadata(p).Name
-		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			t.Parallel()
-
-			if got, ok := rosa.ResolveName(name); !ok {
-				t.Fatal("ResolveName: ok = false")
-			} else if got != p {
-				t.Fatalf("ResolveName: %d, want %d", got, p)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-func TestResolveNameUnexported(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	for i := rosa.PresetUnexportedStart; i < rosa.PresetEnd; i++ {
-		p := i
-		name := rosa.GetMetadata(p).Name
-		t.Run(name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			t.Parallel()
-
-			if got, ok := rosa.ResolveName(name); ok {
-				t.Fatalf("ResolveName: resolved unexported preset %d", got)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
-
-func TestUnique(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Parallel()
-
-	names := make(map[string]struct{})
-	for i := range rosa.PresetEnd {
-		name := rosa.GetMetadata(rosa.PArtifact(i)).Name
-		if _, ok := names[name]; ok {
-			t.Fatalf("name %s is not unique", name)
-		}
-		names[name] = struct{}{}
-	}
-}

internal/rosa/argp-standalone.go

@@ -26,11 +26,11 @@ install -D -m755 libargp.a /work/system/lib/libargp.a
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[ArgpStandalone] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newArgpStandalone,
 
 		Name:        "argp-standalone",
 		Description: "hierarchical argument parsing library broken out from glibc",
 		Website:     "http://www.lysator.liu.se/~nisse/misc/",
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/azalea/azalea.go

@@ -0,0 +1,348 @@
+// Package azalea implements a proof-of-concept, domain-specific language for
+// Rosa OS software packaging.
+package azalea
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"io"
+	"strconv"
+	"text/scanner"
+)
+
+// idents are runes accepted in an identifier.
+var idents = [...]bool{
+	'0': true, '1': true, '2': true, '3': true, '4': true, '5': true, '6': true,
+	'7': true, '8': true, '9': true,
+
+	'A': true, 'B': true, 'C': true, 'D': true, 'E': true, 'F': true, 'G': true,
+	'H': true, 'I': true, 'J': true, 'K': true, 'L': true, 'M': true, 'N': true,
+	'O': true, 'P': true, 'Q': true, 'R': true, 'S': true, 'T': true, 'U': true,
+	'V': true, 'W': true, 'X': true, 'Y': true, 'Z': true,
+
+	'a': true, 'b': true, 'c': true, 'd': true, 'e': true, 'f': true, 'g': true,
+	'h': true, 'i': true, 'j': true, 'k': true, 'l': true, 'm': true, 'n': true,
+	'o': true, 'p': true, 'q': true, 'r': true, 's': true, 't': true, 'u': true,
+	'v': true, 'w': true, 'x': true, 'y': true, 'z': true,
+
+	'-': true, '_': true,
+}
+
+// TokenError describes an unexpected token.
+type TokenError [2]rune
+
+func (e TokenError) Error() string {
+	return "expected " + scanner.TokenString(e[0]) +
+		", found " + scanner.TokenString(e[1])
+}
+
+// ExprError is an unexpected token encountered while parsing an expression.
+type ExprError rune
+
+func (e ExprError) Error() string {
+	return "unexpected token " + scanner.TokenString(rune(e))
+}
+
+// must1 returns v, or panics if err is not nil.
+func must1[T any](v T, err error) T {
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	return v
+}
+
+// parser retains the current token.
+type parser struct {
+	s   scanner.Scanner
+	tok rune
+}
+
+// scan advances the underlying scanner to the next token, storing its result.
+func (p *parser) scan() rune { p.tok = p.s.Scan(); return p.tok }
+
+// expects panics with [TokenError] for an unexpected tok.
+func (p *parser) expects(expects rune) {
+	if p.tok != expects {
+		panic(TokenError{expects, p.tok})
+	}
+}
+
+// scanAs advances the scanner for an expected token.
+func (p *parser) scanAs(expects rune) { p.scan(); p.expects(expects) }
+
+// An Int is the value represented by an integer literal.
+type Int int64
+
+func (v Int) GoString() string {
+	return "azalea.Int(" + strconv.FormatInt(int64(v), 10) + ")"
+}
+
+// parseInt parses the current token as a base 10 representation of a 64-bit
+// signed integer.
+func (p *parser) parseInt() Int {
+	v, err := strconv.ParseInt(p.s.TokenText(), 10, 64)
+	return must1(Int(v), err)
+}
+
+// A String holds the unquoted content of a string literal.
+type String string
+
+func (v String) GoString() string {
+	return "azalea.String(" + strconv.Quote(string(v)) + ")"
+}
+
+// parseString parses the current token as a string.
+func (p *parser) parseString() String {
+	s, err := strconv.Unquote(p.s.TokenText())
+	return must1(String(s), err)
+}
+
+// An Ident holds the name of an identifier.
+type Ident string
+
+func (v Ident) GoString() string {
+	return "azalea.Ident(" + strconv.Quote(string(v)) + ")"
+}
+
+// A Val are statements joined by the '+' operator. Only the [String] type
+// supports concatenation.
+type Val []any
+
+// parseVal parses until the end of the [Val].
+func (p *parser) parseVal() (v Val) {
+	v = append(v, p.parseExpr())
+	for p.tok == '+' {
+		p.scan()
+		v = append(v, p.parseExpr())
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+// An Array holds statements in an array.
+type Array []Val
+
+// A KV holds a key/value pair.
+type KV struct {
+	K String
+	V Val
+}
+
+// An Arg represents an argument of [Func].
+type Arg struct {
+	K []Ident
+	V Val
+	R bool
+}
+
+// Func is a function call or package declaration.
+type Func struct {
+	// Function or package identifier.
+	Ident Ident
+	// Whether this is a package declaration.
+	Package bool
+	// Key-value arguments.
+	Args []Arg
+}
+
+// parseExpr parses the current expression.
+func (p *parser) parseExpr() any {
+	switch p.tok {
+	case scanner.Int:
+		v := p.parseInt()
+		p.scan()
+		return v
+
+	case scanner.String, scanner.RawString:
+		v := p.parseString()
+		p.scan()
+		return v
+
+	case scanner.Ident:
+		var v Func
+		v.Ident = Ident(p.s.TokenText())
+		if v.Package = v.Ident == "package"; v.Package {
+			p.scanAs(scanner.Ident)
+			v.Ident = Ident(p.s.TokenText())
+		}
+
+		p.scan()
+		switch p.tok {
+		case '{':
+			for {
+				p.scan()
+				switch p.tok {
+				case '}':
+					p.scan()
+					return v
+
+				case scanner.Ident:
+					break
+
+				default:
+					panic(TokenError{scanner.Ident, p.tok})
+				}
+
+				arg := Arg{K: []Ident{Ident(p.s.TokenText())}}
+				delim := true
+			arg:
+				for {
+					p.scan()
+					switch p.tok {
+					case ',':
+						if delim {
+							delim = false
+							continue
+						}
+						panic(ExprError(p.tok))
+
+					case scanner.Ident:
+						if delim {
+							panic(TokenError{',', p.tok})
+						}
+						delim = true
+						arg.K = append(arg.K, Ident(p.s.TokenText()))
+
+					default:
+						break arg
+					}
+				}
+				switch p.tok {
+				case '=':
+					break
+
+				case '*':
+					arg.R = true
+					p.scanAs('=')
+
+				default:
+					panic(TokenError{'=', p.tok})
+				}
+				p.scan()
+				arg.V = p.parseVal()
+				v.Args = append(v.Args, arg)
+				p.expects(';')
+			}
+
+		default:
+			return v.Ident
+		}
+
+	case '{':
+		var v []KV
+		for {
+			p.scan()
+			switch p.tok {
+			case '}':
+				p.scan()
+				return v
+
+			case scanner.String:
+				pair := KV{K: p.parseString()}
+				p.scan()
+				switch p.tok {
+				case ';':
+					break
+
+				case ':':
+					p.scan()
+					pair.V = p.parseVal()
+					p.expects(';')
+					break
+
+				default:
+					panic(ExprError(p.tok))
+				}
+				v = append(v, pair)
+
+			default:
+				panic(ExprError(p.tok))
+			}
+		}
+
+	case '[':
+		var (
+			v     Array
+			delim bool
+		)
+		p.scan()
+		for {
+			switch p.tok {
+			case ',':
+				if delim {
+					p.scan()
+					delim = false
+					continue
+				}
+				panic(ExprError(','))
+			case ']':
+				p.scan()
+				return v
+			case scanner.EOF:
+				panic(ExprError(scanner.EOF))
+			default:
+				if delim {
+					panic(TokenError{',', p.tok})
+				}
+				delim = true
+				break
+			}
+			v = append(v, p.parseVal())
+		}
+
+	default:
+		panic(ExprError(p.tok))
+	}
+}
+
+// ScanError is the error count parsing all expressions.
+type ScanError int
+
+func (ScanError) Error() string {
+	return "aborting due to scanning errors"
+}
+
+// Parse parses expressions from r.
+func Parse(r io.Reader) (e []any, err error) {
+	var p parser
+	p.s.Init(r)
+
+	p.s.Mode = scanner.ScanIdents |
+		scanner.ScanInts |
+		scanner.ScanStrings |
+		scanner.ScanRawStrings |
+		scanner.ScanComments |
+		scanner.SkipComments
+	p.s.IsIdentRune = func(ch rune, i int) bool {
+		if i == 0 && ch >= '0' && ch <= '9' {
+			return false
+		}
+		return ch > 0 && ch < rune(len(idents)) && idents[ch]
+	}
+
+	defer func() {
+		v := recover()
+		if v == nil {
+			return
+		}
+
+		_err, ok := v.(error)
+		if !ok {
+			panic(v)
+		}
+
+		if err == nil {
+			err = _err
+			return
+		}
+		err = errors.Join(err, _err)
+	}()
+
+	p.scan()
+	for p.tok != scanner.EOF {
+		e = append(e, p.parseExpr())
+	}
+
+	if p.s.ErrorCount != 0 {
+		err = ScanError(p.s.ErrorCount)
+	}
+	return
+}

internal/rosa/azalea/azalea_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+package azalea_test
+
+import (
+	_ "embed"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"text/scanner"
+
+	. "hakurei.app/internal/rosa/azalea"
+)
+
+//go:embed testdata/gcc.az
+var sample string
+
+func TestParse(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	testCases := []struct {
+		name string
+		data string
+		want []any
+		err  error
+	}{
+		{"invalid", "}", nil, ExprError('}')},
+		{"bad sep", "f{v?}", nil, TokenError{'=', '?'}},
+		{"bad ident", "f{9}", nil, TokenError{scanner.Ident, scanner.Int}},
+		{"share bad sep", "f { v,,v = v; }", nil, ExprError(',')},
+		{"share missing sep", "f { v v }", nil, TokenError{',', scanner.Ident}},
+
+		{"ident", `v`, []any{Ident("v")}, nil},
+		{"concat", `f { v = v+"\xfd"+p{}+9; }`, []any{Func{
+			Ident: "f",
+
+			Args: []Arg{{K: []Ident{"v"}, V: Val{
+				Ident("v"),
+				String("\xfd"),
+				Func{Ident: "p"},
+				Int(9),
+			}}},
+		}}, nil},
+		{"truncated string concat", `f { v = v+; }`, nil,
+			ExprError(';')},
+
+		{"empty pairs", `{}`, []any{[]KV(nil)}, nil},
+		{"short kv", `{"\x00":v;}`, []any{[]KV{
+			{K: "\x00", V: Val{Ident("v")}},
+		}}, nil},
+		{"truncated kv", `{"\x00"`, nil, ExprError(scanner.EOF)},
+		{"ident kv", `{v="";}`, nil, ExprError(scanner.Ident)},
+
+		{"empty array", `[]`, []any{Array(nil)}, nil},
+		{"integer array", `[9]`, []any{Array{{Int(9)}}}, nil},
+		{"short array", `[ "\x00" ]`, []any{
+			Array{{String("\x00")}},
+		}, nil},
+		{"short array delim", `[ "\x00", ]`, []any{
+			Array{{String("\x00")}},
+		}, nil},
+		{"missing array value", `[ "\x00", , v ]`, nil, ExprError(',')},
+		{"missing array delimiter", `[ v0 v1 ]`, nil, TokenError{',', scanner.Ident}},
+		{"truncated array", `[ "\x00"`, nil,
+			ExprError(scanner.EOF)},
+
+		{"gcc", sample, []any{Func{
+			Ident:   Ident("gcc"),
+			Package: true,
+
+			Args: []Arg{
+				{K: []Ident{Ident("description")}, V: Val{String("The GNU Compiler Collection")}},
+				{K: []Ident{Ident("website")}, V: Val{String("https://www.gnu.org/software/gcc")}},
+				{K: []Ident{Ident("anitya")}, V: Val{Int(6502)}},
+
+				{K: []Ident{Ident("version")}, V: Val{String("16.1.0")}, R: true},
+				{K: []Ident{Ident("source")}, V: Val{Func{
+					Ident: Ident("remoteTar"),
+
+					Args: []Arg{
+						{K: []Ident{Ident("url")}, V: Val{
+							String("https://ftp.tsukuba.wide.ad.jp/software/gcc/releases/"),
+							String("gcc-"),
+							Ident("version"),
+							String("/gcc-"),
+							Ident("version"),
+							String(".tar.gz"),
+						}},
+						{K: []Ident{Ident("checksum")}, V: Val{String("4ASoWbxaA2FW7PAB0zzHDPC5XnNhyaAyjtDPpGzceSLeYnEIXsNYZR3PA_Zu5P0K")}},
+						{K: []Ident{Ident("compress")}, V: Val{Ident("gzip")}},
+					},
+				}}},
+				{K: []Ident{Ident("patches")}, V: Val{Array{
+					{String("musl-off64_t-loff_t.patch")},
+					{String("musl-legacy-lfs.patch")},
+				}}},
+
+				{K: []Ident{Ident("exclusive")}, V: Val{Ident("true")}},
+
+				{K: []Ident{Ident("exec")}, V: Val{Func{
+					Ident: Ident("make"),
+
+					Args: []Arg{
+						{K: []Ident{Ident("configure")}, V: Val{[]KV{
+							{K: String("disable-multilib")},
+							{K: String("enable-default-pie")},
+							{K: String("disable-nls")},
+							{K: String("with-gnu-as")},
+							{K: String("with-gnu-ld")},
+							{K: String("with-system-zlib")},
+							{K: String("enable-languages"), V: Val{String("c,c++,go")}},
+							{K: String("with-native-system-header-dir"), V: Val{String("/system/include")}},
+							{K: String("with-multilib-list"), V: Val{Func{
+								Ident: Ident("arch"),
+
+								Args: []Arg{
+									{K: []Ident{Ident("amd64"), Ident("arm64")}, V: Val{String("''")}},
+									{K: []Ident{Ident("default")}, V: Val{Ident("unset")}},
+								},
+							}}},
+						}}},
+						{K: []Ident{Ident("make")}, V: Val{Array{
+							{String("BOOT_CFLAGS='-O2 -g'")},
+							{
+								Func{Ident: Ident("noop"), Args: []Arg{{K: []Ident{Ident("key")}, V: Val{Ident("value")}}}},
+								String("\x00"),
+							},
+							{String("bootstrap")},
+						}}},
+
+						{K: []Ident{Ident("skip-check")}, V: Val{Ident("true")}},
+					},
+				}}},
+
+				{K: []Ident{Ident("inputs")}, V: Val{Array{
+					{Ident("binutils")},
+					{Ident("mpc")},
+					{Ident("zlib")},
+					{Ident("libucontext")},
+					{Ident("kernel-headers")},
+				}}},
+			},
+		}}, nil},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			p, err := Parse(strings.NewReader(tc.data))
+			if !reflect.DeepEqual(p, tc.want) {
+				t.Errorf("Parse: %#v, want %#v", p, tc.want)
+			}
+			if !reflect.DeepEqual(err, tc.err) {
+				t.Errorf("Parse: error = %v, want %v", err, tc.err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func BenchmarkParse(b *testing.B) {
+	r := strings.NewReader(sample)
+	for b.Loop() {
+		if _, err := Parse(r); err != nil {
+			b.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		b.StopTimer()
+		r.Reset(sample)
+		b.StartTimer()
+	}
+}

internal/rosa/azalea/evaluate.go

@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+package azalea
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"maps"
+	"reflect"
+	"unique"
+)
+
+// Value are types supported by the language.
+type Value interface {
+	bool | int64 | string | []string | [][2]string
+}
+
+type (
+	// FArg is an argument passed to [F].
+	FArg struct {
+		K unique.Handle[Ident]
+		V any
+		R bool
+	}
+	// FArgs are arguments passed to [F].
+	FArgs []FArg
+
+	// F is the implementation of a [Func].
+	F struct {
+		F func(isPackage bool, args FArgs) (v any, set bool, err error)
+		V map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any
+	}
+)
+
+// Apply applies named arguments and rejects unused arguments.
+func (args FArgs) Apply(v map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any) error {
+	for _, arg := range args {
+		if arg.V == nil {
+			// unset
+			continue
+		}
+
+		r, ok := v[arg.K]
+		if !ok {
+			if arg.R {
+				continue
+			}
+			return UndefinedError(arg.K.Value())
+		}
+		err := storeE(r, arg.V)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// A Frame refers to local variables and debugging information.
+type Frame struct {
+	// Local constants.
+	Val map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any
+	// Functions.
+	Func map[unique.Handle[Ident]]F
+}
+
+// UnsupportedExprError is an expression with invalid concrete type.
+type UnsupportedExprError struct{ E any }
+
+func (e UnsupportedExprError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("unsupported expression %#v", e.E)
+}
+
+// UndefinedError is an identifier not defined in any stack frame visible to the
+// expression containing it.
+type UndefinedError Ident
+
+func (e UndefinedError) Error() string {
+	return "undefined: " + string(e)
+}
+
+// evaluate is evaluateAny with a type parameter.
+func evaluate[T Value](s []Frame, expr any, rp *T) bool {
+	return evaluateAny(s, expr, rp)
+}
+
+// TypeError is an unexpected type during evaluation.
+type TypeError struct {
+	Concrete, Asserted reflect.Type
+}
+
+func (e TypeError) Error() string {
+	return "expected " + e.Asserted.String() + ", got " + e.Concrete.String()
+}
+
+func (e TypeError) Is(err error) bool {
+	var v TypeError
+	return errors.As(err, &v) &&
+		e.Asserted == v.Asserted &&
+		e.Concrete == v.Concrete
+}
+
+// storeE is a convenience function to set the value of a result pointer.
+func storeE(rp any, r any) error {
+	pv := reflect.ValueOf(rp).Elem()
+	v := reflect.ValueOf(r)
+	pt, vt := pv.Type(), v.Type()
+	if !vt.AssignableTo(pt) {
+		return TypeError{vt, pt}
+	}
+	pv.Set(v)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// store is like storeE, but panics if error is non-nil.
+func store[T Value](rp any, r T) {
+	err := storeE(rp, r)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+}
+
+// EvaluationError is an error and the expression it occurred in.
+type EvaluationError struct {
+	Expr any
+	Err  error
+}
+
+// Unwrap returns the underlying error.
+func (e EvaluationError) Unwrap() error { return e.Err }
+
+// Error returns a very long error description that should not be presented
+// to the user directly.
+func (e EvaluationError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("expression %#v: %v", e.Expr, e.Err)
+}
+
+// evaluateAny implements [Evaluate].
+func evaluateAny(s []Frame, expr, rp any) bool {
+	defer func() {
+		r := recover()
+		if r == nil {
+			return
+		}
+
+		err, ok := r.(error)
+		if !ok {
+			panic(r)
+		}
+
+		if _, ok = err.(EvaluationError); ok {
+			panic(err)
+		}
+		panic(EvaluationError{expr, err})
+	}()
+
+	switch e := expr.(type) {
+	case Int:
+		store(rp, int64(e))
+		return true
+
+	case String:
+		store(rp, string(e))
+		return true
+
+	case Ident:
+		var (
+			v  any
+			ok bool
+		)
+		for i := range s {
+			v, ok = s[len(s)-1-i].Val[unique.Make(e)]
+			if ok {
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if !ok {
+			panic(UndefinedError(e))
+		}
+		if err := storeE(rp, v); err != nil {
+			panic(err)
+		}
+		return true
+
+	case Val:
+		if len(e) == 1 {
+			switch v := e[0].(type) {
+			case Ident:
+				switch v {
+				case "unset":
+					return false
+				case "true":
+					store(rp, true)
+					return true
+				case "false":
+					store(rp, false)
+					return true
+				default:
+					return evaluateAny(s, v, rp)
+				}
+
+			default:
+				return evaluateAny(s, e[0], rp)
+			}
+		}
+		var v string
+		for i := range e {
+			var _r string
+			if evaluate(s, e[i], &_r) {
+				v += _r
+			}
+		}
+		store(rp, v)
+		return true
+
+	case Array:
+		r := make([]string, 0, len(e))
+		for i := range e {
+			var _r string
+			if evaluate(s, e[i], &_r) {
+				r = append(r, _r)
+			}
+		}
+		store(rp, r)
+		return true
+
+	case []KV:
+		r := make([][2]string, 0, len(e))
+		for i := range e {
+			var _r string
+			if e[i].V == nil || evaluate(s, e[i].V, &_r) {
+				r = append(r, [2]string{string(e[i].K), _r})
+			}
+		}
+		store(rp, r)
+		return true
+
+	case Func:
+		var (
+			f  F
+			ok bool
+		)
+		for i := range s {
+			f, ok = s[len(s)-1-i].Func[unique.Make(e.Ident)]
+			if ok {
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if !ok {
+			panic(UndefinedError(e.Ident))
+		}
+
+		argc := len(e.Args)
+		for _, arg := range e.Args {
+			argc += len(arg.K) - 1
+		}
+		fargs := make([]FArg, 0, len(e.Args))
+		s = append(s, Frame{Val: maps.Clone(f.V)})
+		fp := &s[len(s)-1]
+
+		for _, arg := range e.Args {
+			farg := FArg{R: arg.R}
+			if !evaluateAny(s, arg.V, &farg.V) {
+				farg.V = nil
+			}
+			for _, name := range arg.K {
+				h := unique.Make(name)
+				farg.K = h
+				fargs = append(fargs, farg)
+
+				if arg.R && farg.V != nil {
+					if fp.Val == nil {
+						fp.Val = make(map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any)
+					}
+					(*fp).Val[h] = farg.V
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		v, set, err := f.F(e.Package, fargs)
+		if err != nil {
+			panic(err)
+		} else if v != nil {
+			if err = storeE(rp, v); err != nil {
+				panic(err)
+			}
+		}
+		return set
+
+	default:
+		panic(UnsupportedExprError{expr})
+	}
+}
+
+// Evaluate evaluates a statement and returns its value.
+func Evaluate[T Value](s []Frame, expr any) (v T, set bool, err error) {
+	defer func() {
+		r := recover()
+		if r == nil {
+			return
+		}
+
+		_err, ok := r.(error)
+		if !ok {
+			panic(r)
+		}
+		err = _err
+	}()
+	set = evaluate[T](s, expr, &v)
+	return
+}

internal/rosa/azalea/evaluate_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,358 @@
+package azalea_test
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"unique"
+
+	. "hakurei.app/internal/rosa/azalea"
+)
+
+// makeStackCheck creates a stack with a single frame with a single function "f"
+// which calls the check function internally.
+func makeStackCheck(check func(args FArgs) (any, error)) []Frame {
+	return []Frame{{Func: map[unique.Handle[Ident]]F{
+		unique.Make(Ident("f")): {F: func(
+			isPackage bool,
+			args FArgs,
+		) (v any, set bool, err error) {
+			set = true
+			v, err = check(args)
+			if isPackage {
+				err = errors.New("unexpected package")
+			}
+			return
+		}},
+	}}}
+}
+
+func TestEvaluate(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	testCases := []struct {
+		name string
+		data string
+		s    []Frame
+		want string
+		err  error
+	}{
+		{"apply unset", `f { v = unset; }`, makeStackCheck(func(
+			args FArgs,
+		) (v any, err error) {
+			v = "\xfd"
+			err = args.Apply(map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any{
+				unique.Make(Ident("v")): &v,
+			})
+			return
+		}), "\xfd", nil},
+
+		{"apply bad type", `f { v = 9; }`, makeStackCheck(func(
+			args FArgs,
+		) (v any, err error) {
+			v = "\xfd"
+			err = args.Apply(map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any{
+				unique.Make(Ident("v")): &v,
+			})
+			return
+		}), "", TypeError{
+			Concrete: reflect.TypeFor[int64](),
+			Asserted: reflect.TypeFor[string](),
+		}},
+
+		{"apply undefined", `f { v = 9; }`, makeStackCheck(func(
+			args FArgs,
+		) (v any, err error) {
+			v = "\xfd"
+			err = args.Apply(map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any{})
+			return
+		}), "", EvaluationError{
+			Expr: Func{
+				Ident: Ident("f"),
+				Args: []Arg{
+					{K: []Ident{"v"}, V: Val{Int(9)}},
+				},
+			},
+			Err: UndefinedError("v"),
+		}},
+
+		{"apply bound undefined", `f { _v* = "\x00"; v = _v; }`, makeStackCheck(func(
+			args FArgs,
+		) (v any, err error) {
+			v = "\xfd"
+			err = args.Apply(map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any{
+				unique.Make(Ident("v")): &v,
+			})
+			return
+		}), "\x00", nil},
+
+		{"undefined function", `f {}`, nil, "", EvaluationError{
+			Expr: Func{Ident: "f"},
+			Err:  UndefinedError("f"),
+		}},
+
+		{"error wrap deep", `f { v = nil; }`, makeStackCheck(func(
+			FArgs,
+		) (any, error) {
+			panic("unreachable")
+		}), "", EvaluationError{
+			Expr: Ident("nil"),
+			Err:  UndefinedError("nil"),
+		}},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			var expr Func
+			if e, err := Parse(strings.NewReader(tc.data)); err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			} else if len(e) != 1 {
+				t.Fatalf("got expression %#v", e)
+			} else {
+				expr = e[0].(Func)
+			}
+			r, set, err := Evaluate[string](tc.s, expr)
+			if set != (err == nil) {
+				t.Error("Evaluate: unexpected unset")
+			}
+
+			if r != tc.want {
+				t.Errorf("Evaluate: %q, want %q", r, tc.want)
+			}
+
+			var errEquals bool
+			if errors.As(err, new(TypeError)) {
+				errEquals = errors.Is(err, tc.err)
+			} else {
+				errEquals = reflect.DeepEqual(err, tc.err)
+			}
+			if !errEquals {
+				t.Errorf("Evaluate: error = %v, want %v", err, tc.err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestEvaluateGCC(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	var gcc Func
+	if e, err := Parse(strings.NewReader(sample)); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	} else {
+		gcc = e[0].(Func)
+	}
+
+	var got [3]FArgs
+	if r, set, err := Evaluate[string]([]Frame{{
+		Func: map[unique.Handle[Ident]]F{
+			unique.Make(Ident("gcc")): {F: func(
+				isPackage bool,
+				args FArgs,
+			) (v any, set bool, err error) {
+				v = "\x00"
+				if !isPackage {
+					err = errors.New("not a package")
+				}
+				set = true
+				got[0] = args
+				return
+			}, V: map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any{
+				unique.Make(Ident("binutils")):       "binutils",
+				unique.Make(Ident("mpc")):            "mpc",
+				unique.Make(Ident("zlib")):           "zlib",
+				unique.Make(Ident("libucontext")):    "libucontext",
+				unique.Make(Ident("kernel-headers")): "kernel-headers",
+			}},
+
+			unique.Make(Ident("remoteTar")): {F: func(
+				isPackage bool,
+				args FArgs,
+			) (v any, set bool, err error) {
+				if isPackage {
+					err = errors.New("unexpected package")
+					return
+				}
+
+				var url, checksum string
+				var compress int
+				if err = args.Apply(map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any{
+					unique.Make(Ident("url")):      &url,
+					unique.Make(Ident("checksum")): &checksum,
+					unique.Make(Ident("compress")): &compress,
+				}); err != nil {
+					return
+				}
+
+				if compress != 0xcafe {
+					err = fmt.Errorf("unexpected compress %#v", compress)
+				}
+				set = true
+				v = url + "?checksum=" + checksum
+				return
+			}, V: map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any{
+				unique.Make(Ident("gzip")): 0xcafe,
+			}},
+
+			unique.Make(Ident("make")): {F: func(
+				isPackage bool,
+				args FArgs,
+			) (v any, set bool, err error) {
+				v = args
+				if isPackage {
+					err = errors.New("unexpected package")
+				}
+				set = true
+				return
+			}},
+
+			unique.Make(Ident("arch")): {F: func(
+				isPackage bool,
+				args FArgs,
+			) (v any, set bool, err error) {
+				set = false
+				if isPackage {
+					err = errors.New("unexpected package")
+				}
+				got[1] = args
+				return
+			}},
+
+			unique.Make(Ident("noop")): {F: func(
+				isPackage bool,
+				args FArgs,
+			) (v any, set bool, err error) {
+				set = false
+				if isPackage {
+					err = errors.New("unexpected package")
+				}
+				set = true
+				got[2] = args
+				return
+			}, V: map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any{
+				unique.Make(Ident("value")): "\xfd",
+			}},
+		},
+	}}, gcc); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	} else if r != "\x00" {
+		t.Fatalf("package: %q", r)
+	} else if !set {
+		t.Fatal("package: unset")
+	}
+
+	want := [...]FArgs{
+		{
+			{K: unique.Make(Ident("description")), V: "The GNU Compiler Collection"},
+			{K: unique.Make(Ident("website")), V: "https://www.gnu.org/software/gcc"},
+			{K: unique.Make(Ident("anitya")), V: int64(6502)},
+
+			{K: unique.Make(Ident("version")), V: "16.1.0", R: true},
+			{K: unique.Make(Ident("source")), V: "https://ftp.tsukuba.wide.ad.jp/software/gcc/releases/gcc-16.1.0/gcc-16.1.0.tar.gz?checksum=4ASoWbxaA2FW7PAB0zzHDPC5XnNhyaAyjtDPpGzceSLeYnEIXsNYZR3PA_Zu5P0K"},
+			{K: unique.Make(Ident("patches")), V: []string{"musl-off64_t-loff_t.patch", "musl-legacy-lfs.patch"}},
+
+			{K: unique.Make(Ident("exclusive")), V: true},
+			{K: unique.Make(Ident("exec")), V: FArgs{
+				{K: unique.Make(Ident("configure")), V: [][2]string{
+					{"disable-multilib", ""},
+					{"enable-default-pie", ""},
+					{"disable-nls", ""},
+					{"with-gnu-as", ""},
+					{"with-gnu-ld", ""},
+					{"with-system-zlib", ""},
+					{"enable-languages", "c,c++,go"},
+					{"with-native-system-header-dir", "/system/include"},
+				}},
+				{K: unique.Make(Ident("make")), V: []string{
+					"BOOT_CFLAGS='-O2 -g'",
+					"\x00",
+					"bootstrap",
+				}},
+				{K: unique.Make(Ident("skip-check")), V: true},
+			}},
+
+			{K: unique.Make(Ident("inputs")), V: []string{
+				"binutils",
+				"mpc",
+				"zlib",
+				"libucontext",
+				"kernel-headers",
+			}},
+		},
+		{
+			{K: unique.Make(Ident("amd64")), V: "''"},
+			{K: unique.Make(Ident("arm64")), V: "''"},
+			{K: unique.Make(Ident("default"))},
+		},
+		{{K: unique.Make(Ident("key")), V: "\xfd"}},
+	}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(got, want) {
+		t.Errorf("package: args = %#v, want %#v", got, want)
+	}
+}
+
+func BenchmarkEvaluate(b *testing.B) {
+	var gcc Func
+	if e, err := Parse(strings.NewReader(sample)); err != nil {
+		b.Fatal(err)
+	} else {
+		gcc = e[0].(Func)
+	}
+
+	s := []Frame{{
+		Func: map[unique.Handle[Ident]]F{
+			unique.Make(Ident("gcc")): {F: func(
+				bool,
+				FArgs,
+			) (v any, set bool, err error) {
+				return
+			}, V: map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any{
+				unique.Make(Ident("binutils")):       "binutils",
+				unique.Make(Ident("mpc")):            "mpc",
+				unique.Make(Ident("zlib")):           "zlib",
+				unique.Make(Ident("libucontext")):    "libucontext",
+				unique.Make(Ident("kernel-headers")): "kernel-headers",
+			}},
+
+			unique.Make(Ident("remoteTar")): {F: func(
+				bool,
+				FArgs,
+			) (v any, set bool, err error) {
+				return
+			}, V: map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any{
+				unique.Make(Ident("gzip")): 0xcafe,
+			}},
+
+			unique.Make(Ident("make")): {F: func(
+				bool,
+				FArgs,
+			) (v any, set bool, err error) {
+				return
+			}},
+
+			unique.Make(Ident("arch")): {F: func(
+				bool,
+				FArgs,
+			) (v any, set bool, err error) {
+				return
+			}},
+
+			unique.Make(Ident("noop")): {F: func(
+				bool,
+				FArgs,
+			) (v any, set bool, err error) {
+				return
+			}, V: map[unique.Handle[Ident]]any{
+				unique.Make(Ident("value")): "\xfd",
+			}},
+		},
+	}}
+	for b.Loop() {
+		if _, _, err := Evaluate[string](s, gcc); err != nil {
+			b.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+}

internal/rosa/azalea/testdata/gcc.az

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+package gcc {
+	description = "The GNU Compiler Collection";
+	website = "https://www.gnu.org/software/gcc";
+	anitya = 6502;
+
+	version* = "16.1.0";
+	source = remoteTar {
+		url = "https://ftp.tsukuba.wide.ad.jp/software/gcc/releases/"+
+			"gcc-"+version+"/gcc-"+version+".tar.gz";
+		checksum = "4ASoWbxaA2FW7PAB0zzHDPC5XnNhyaAyjtDPpGzceSLeYnEIXsNYZR3PA_Zu5P0K";
+		compress = gzip;
+	};
+	patches = [
+		"musl-off64_t-loff_t.patch",
+		"musl-legacy-lfs.patch",
+	];
+
+	// GCC spends most of its time in its many configure scripts, however
+	// it also saturates the CPU for a consequential amount of time.
+	exclusive = true;
+
+	exec = make {
+		configure = {
+			"disable-multilib";
+			"enable-default-pie";
+			"disable-nls";
+			"with-gnu-as";
+			"with-gnu-ld";
+			"with-system-zlib";
+			"enable-languages": "c,c++,go";
+			"with-native-system-header-dir": "/system/include";
+			"with-multilib-list": arch {
+				amd64, arm64 = "''";
+				default = unset;
+			};
+		};
+		make = [
+			"BOOT_CFLAGS='-O2 -g'",
+			noop { key = value; } + "\x00",
+			"bootstrap",
+		];
+
+		// This toolchain is hacked to pieces, it is not expected to ever work
+		// well in its current state. That does not matter as long as the
+		// toolchain it produces passes its own test suite.
+		skip-check = true;
+	};
+
+	inputs = [
+		binutils,
+
+		mpc,
+		zlib,
+		libucontext,
+		kernel-headers,
+	];
+}

internal/rosa/busybox.go

@@ -85,13 +85,13 @@ func (a busyboxBin) Cure(t *pkg.TContext) (err error) {
 
 // newBusyboxBin returns a [pkg.Artifact] containing a busybox installation from
 // the https://busybox.net/downloads/binaries/ binary release.
-func newBusyboxBin() pkg.Artifact {
+func (s *S) newBusyboxBin() pkg.Artifact {
 	var version, url, checksum string
-	switch arch {
+	switch s.arch {
 	case "amd64":
 		version = "1.35.0"
 		url = "https://busybox.net/downloads/binaries/" +
-			version + "-" + linuxArch() + "-linux-musl/busybox"
+			version + "-" + s.linuxArch() + "-linux-musl/busybox"
 		checksum = "L7OBIsPu9enNHn7FqpBT1kOg_mCLNmetSeNMA3i4Y60Z5jTgnlX3qX3zcQtLx5AB"
 	case "arm64":
 		version = "1.31.0"
@@ -100,11 +100,11 @@ func newBusyboxBin() pkg.Artifact {
 		checksum = "npJjBO7iwhjW6Kx2aXeSxf8kXhVgTCDChOZTTsI8ZfFfa3tbsklxRiidZQdrVERg"
 
 	default:
-		panic("unsupported target " + arch)
+		panic("unsupported target " + s.arch)
 	}
 
 	return pkg.NewExec(
-		"busybox-bin-"+version, arch, nil, pkg.ExecTimeoutMax, false, false,
+		"busybox-bin-"+version, s.arch, nil, pkg.ExecTimeoutMax, false, false,
 		fhs.AbsRoot, []string{
 			"PATH=/system/bin",
 		},

internal/rosa/bzip2.go

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newBzip2() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	}), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Bzip2] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newBzip2,
 
 		Name:        "bzip2",
@@ -34,5 +34,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://sourceware.org/bzip2/",
 
 		ID: 237,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/cmake.go

@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ index 2ead810437..f85cbb8b1c 100644
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[CMake] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newCMake,
 
 		Name:        "cmake",
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://cmake.org/",
 
 		ID: 306,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 // CMakeHelper is the [CMake] build system helper.
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ func (*CMakeHelper) createDir() bool { return true }
 func (*CMakeHelper) wantsDir() string { return "/cure/" }
 
 // script generates the cure script.
-func (attr *CMakeHelper) script(name string) string {
+func (attr *CMakeHelper) script(s *S, name string) string {
 	if attr == nil {
 		attr = new(CMakeHelper)
 	}
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ func (attr *CMakeHelper) script(name string) string {
 	}
 
 	script := attr.Script
-	if !attr.SkipTest && presetOpts&OptSkipCheck == 0 {
+	if !attr.SkipTest && s.opts&OptSkipCheck == 0 {
 		script += "\n" + test
 	}
 

internal/rosa/connman.go

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newConnman() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Connman] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newConnman,
 
 		Name:        "connman",
@@ -105,5 +105,5 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 337,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/curl.go

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ chmod +w tests/data && rm -f tests/data/test459
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Curl] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newCurl,
 
 		Name:        "curl",
@@ -52,5 +52,5 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 381,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/dbus.go

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newDBus() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[DBus] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newDBus,
 
 		Name:        "dbus",
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 5356,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newXDGDBusProxy() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newXDGDBusProxy() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[XDGDBusProxy] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newXDGDBusProxy,
 
 		Name:        "xdg-dbus-proxy",
@@ -77,5 +77,5 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 58434,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/dtc.go

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newDTC() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[DTC] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newDTC,
 
 		Name:        "dtc",
@@ -39,5 +39,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/utils/dtc/dtc.git/",
 
 		ID: 16911,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/elfutils.go

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newElfutils() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Elfutils] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newElfutils,
 
 		Name:        "elfutils",
@@ -55,5 +55,5 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 5679,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/fakeroot.go

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ index f135ad9..85c784c 100644
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Fakeroot] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newFakeroot,
 
 		Name:        "fakeroot",
@@ -54,5 +54,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://salsa.debian.org/clint/fakeroot",
 
 		ID: 12048,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/flex.go

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newFlex() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Flex] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newFlex,
 
 		Name:        "flex",
@@ -28,5 +28,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://github.com/westes/flex/",
 
 		ID: 819,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/freetype.go

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package rosa
+
+import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
+
+func (t Toolchain) newFreetype() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	const (
+		version  = "2.14.3"
+		checksum = "-WfLv8fVJNyCHpP_lriiDzOcVbBL9ajdQ3tl8AzIIUa9-8sVpU9irxOmSMgRHWYz"
+	)
+	return t.NewPackage("freetype", version, newTar(
+		"https://download.savannah.gnu.org/releases/freetype/"+
+			"freetype-"+version+".tar.gz",
+		checksum,
+		pkg.TarGzip,
+	), nil, (*MakeHelper)(nil)), version
+}
+func init() {
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+		f: Toolchain.newFreetype,
+
+		Name:        "freetype",
+		Description: "a freely available software library to render fonts",
+		Website:     "http://www.freetype.org/",
+
+		ID: 854,
+	})
+}

internal/rosa/fuse.go

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newFuse() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Fuse] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newFuse,
 
 		Name:        "fuse",
@@ -39,5 +39,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://github.com/libfuse/libfuse/",
 
 		ID: 861,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/git.go

@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ disable_test t5515-fetch-merge-logic
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Git] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newGit,
 
 		Name:        "git",
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 5350,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 // NewViaGit returns a [pkg.Artifact] for cloning a git repository.
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) NewViaGit(
 	return t.New(strings.TrimSuffix(
 		path.Base(url),
 		".git",
-	)+"-src-"+path.Base(rev), THostNet, t.AppendPresets(nil,
+	)+"-src-"+path.Base(rev), THostNet, t.Append(nil,
 		NSSCACert,
 		Git,
 	), &checksum, nil, `

internal/rosa/glslang.go

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newSPIRVHeaders() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	}), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[SPIRVHeaders] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newSPIRVHeaders,
 
 		Name:        "spirv-headers",
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ func init() {
 			}
 			return v.Latest
 		},
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newSPIRVTools() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newSPIRVTools() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[SPIRVTools] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newSPIRVTools,
 
 		Name:        "spirv-tools",
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ func init() {
 		ID: 14894,
 
 		latest: (*Versions).getStable,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newGlslang() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newGlslang() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Glslang] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newGlslang,
 
 		Name:        "glslang",
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://github.com/KhronosGroup/glslang",
 
 		ID: 205796,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newSPIRVLLVMTranslator() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newSPIRVLLVMTranslator() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 		"cooperative_matrix_constant_null.spvasm",
 	}
 
-	switch arch {
+	switch t.arch {
 	case "arm64":
 		skipChecks = append(skipChecks,
 			// LLVM ERROR: unsupported calling convention
@@ -189,9 +189,18 @@ func (t Toolchain) newSPIRVLLVMTranslator() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), &PackageAttr{
 		Patches: []KV{
 			{"remove-early-prefix", `diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
-index c000a77e..86f79b03 100644
+index c000a77e..f18f3fde 100644
 --- a/CMakeLists.txt
 +++ b/CMakeLists.txt
+@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ install(
+     ${LLVM_SPIRV_INCLUDE_DIRS}/LLVMSPIRVOpts.h
+     ${LLVM_SPIRV_INCLUDE_DIRS}/LLVMSPIRVExtensions.inc
+   DESTINATION
+-    ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/include/LLVMSPIRVLib
++    include/LLVMSPIRVLib
+ )
+ 
+ configure_file(LLVMSPIRVLib.pc.in ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/LLVMSPIRVLib.pc @ONLY)
 @@ -172,5 +172,5 @@ install(
    FILES
      ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR}/LLVMSPIRVLib.pc
@@ -199,7 +208,7 @@ index c000a77e..86f79b03 100644
 -    ${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/lib${LLVM_LIBDIR_SUFFIX}/pkgconfig
 +    lib${LLVM_LIBDIR_SUFFIX}/pkgconfig
  )
-`},
+;`},
 		},
 
 		// litArgs emits shell syntax
@@ -223,7 +232,7 @@ export LIT_OPTS=` + litArgs(true, skipChecks...) + `
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[SPIRVLLVMTranslator] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newSPIRVLLVMTranslator,
 
 		Name:        "spirv-llvm-translator",
@@ -235,5 +244,5 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 227273,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/gnu.go

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ chmod +w tests/test-c32ispunct.sh && echo '#!/bin/sh' > tests/test-c32ispunct.sh
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[M4] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newM4,
 
 		Name:        "m4",
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://www.gnu.org/software/m4/",
 
 		ID: 1871,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newBison() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newBison() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Bison] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newBison,
 
 		Name:        "bison",
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://www.gnu.org/software/bison/",
 
 		ID: 193,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newSed() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newSed() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Sed] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newSed,
 
 		Name:        "sed",
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://www.gnu.org/software/sed/",
 
 		ID: 4789,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newAutoconf() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newAutoconf() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Autoconf] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newAutoconf,
 
 		Name:        "autoconf",
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 141,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newAutomake() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ test_disable '#!/bin/sh' t/pr9.sh
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Automake] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newAutomake,
 
 		Name:        "automake",
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 144,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newLibtool() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibtool() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 		pkg.TarGzip,
 	), nil, &MakeHelper{
 		// _Z2a2c: symbol not found
-		SkipCheck: t.isStage0(),
+		SkipCheck: t.stage.isStage0(),
 
 		Check: []string{
 			"TESTSUITEFLAGS=" + jobsFlagE,
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibtool() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libtool] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibtool,
 
 		Name:        "libtool",
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://www.gnu.org/software/libtool/",
 
 		ID: 1741,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newGzip() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newGzip() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	}), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Gzip] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newGzip,
 
 		Name:        "gzip",
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://www.gnu.org/software/gzip/",
 
 		ID: 1290,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newGettext() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ touch gettext-tools/autotools/archive.dir.tar
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Gettext] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newGettext,
 
 		Name:        "gettext",
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/",
 
 		ID: 898,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newDiffutils() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ test_disable '#!/bin/sh' tests/cmp
 	}, (*MakeHelper)(nil)), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Diffutils] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newDiffutils,
 
 		Name:        "diffutils",
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://www.gnu.org/software/diffutils/",
 
 		ID: 436,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newPatch() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ test_disable '#!/bin/sh' tests/need-filename
 	}, (*MakeHelper)(nil)), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Patch] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newPatch,
 
 		Name:        "patch",
@@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/patch/",
 
 		ID: 2597,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newBash() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newBash() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	}), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Bash] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newBash,
 
 		Name:        "bash",
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/",
 
 		ID: 166,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newCoreutils() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ test_disable 'int main(){return 0;}' gnulib-tests/test-lchown.c
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Coreutils] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newCoreutils,
 
 		Name:        "coreutils",
@@ -464,7 +464,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/",
 
 		ID: 343,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newTexinfo() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newTexinfo() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Texinfo] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newTexinfo,
 
 		Name:        "texinfo",
@@ -497,7 +497,7 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 4958,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newGperf() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -514,7 +514,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newGperf() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Gperf] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newGperf,
 
 		Name:        "gperf",
@@ -522,7 +522,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://www.gnu.org/software/gperf/",
 
 		ID: 1237,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newGawk() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newGawk() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	}), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Gawk] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newGawk,
 
 		Name:        "gawk",
@@ -550,7 +550,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/",
 
 		ID: 868,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newGrep() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ test_disable 'int main(){return 0;}' gnulib-tests/test-c32ispunct.c
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Grep] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newGrep,
 
 		Name:        "grep",
@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://www.gnu.org/software/grep/",
 
 		ID: 1251,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newFindutils() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -606,7 +606,7 @@ echo 'int main(){return 0;}' > tests/xargs/test-sigusr.c
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Findutils] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newFindutils,
 
 		Name:        "findutils",
@@ -614,7 +614,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://www.gnu.org/software/findutils/",
 
 		ID: 812,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newBC() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -635,7 +635,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newBC() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[BC] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newBC,
 
 		Name:        "bc",
@@ -643,7 +643,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://www.gnu.org/software/bc/",
 
 		ID: 170,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newLibiconv() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -658,7 +658,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibiconv() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), nil, (*MakeHelper)(nil)), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libiconv] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibiconv,
 
 		Name:        "libiconv",
@@ -666,7 +666,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/",
 
 		ID: 10656,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newTar() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -700,7 +700,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newTar() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Tar] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newTar,
 
 		Name:        "tar",
@@ -708,7 +708,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://www.gnu.org/software/tar/",
 
 		ID: 4939,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newParallel() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -730,7 +730,7 @@ ln -s ../system/bin/bash /bin/
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Parallel] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newParallel,
 
 		Name:        "parallel",
@@ -742,7 +742,7 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 5448,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newLibunistring() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -767,7 +767,7 @@ test_disable 'int main(){return 0;}' tests/test-c32ispunct.c
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libunistring] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibunistring,
 
 		Name:        "libunistring",
@@ -775,7 +775,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://www.gnu.org/software/libunistring/",
 
 		ID: 1747,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newLibtasn1() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -790,7 +790,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibtasn1() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), nil, (*MakeHelper)(nil)), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libtasn1] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibtasn1,
 
 		Name:        "libtasn1",
@@ -798,7 +798,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://www.gnu.org/software/libtasn1/",
 
 		ID: 1734,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newReadline() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -820,7 +820,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newReadline() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Readline] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newReadline,
 
 		Name:        "readline",
@@ -832,7 +832,7 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 4173,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newGnuTLS() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -842,7 +842,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newGnuTLS() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	)
 
 	var configureExtra []KV
-	switch arch {
+	switch t.arch {
 	case "arm64":
 		configureExtra = []KV{
 			{"disable-hardware-acceleration"},
@@ -997,7 +997,7 @@ index 1b78b8cf1..350156a86 100644
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[GnuTLS] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newGnuTLS,
 
 		Name:        "gnutls",
@@ -1013,7 +1013,7 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 1221,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newBinutils() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -1030,7 +1030,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newBinutils() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Binutils] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newBinutils,
 
 		Name:        "binutils",
@@ -1038,7 +1038,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://www.gnu.org/software/binutils/",
 
 		ID: 7981,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newGMP() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -1060,7 +1060,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newGMP() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[GMP] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newGMP,
 
 		Name:        "gmp",
@@ -1068,7 +1068,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://gmplib.org/",
 
 		ID: 1186,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newMPFR() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -1086,7 +1086,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newMPFR() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[MPFR] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newMPFR,
 
 		Name:        "mpfr",
@@ -1098,7 +1098,7 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 2019,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newMPC() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -1125,7 +1125,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newMPC() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[MPC] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newMPC,
 
 		Name:        "mpc",
@@ -1137,7 +1137,7 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 1667,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newGCC() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -1147,7 +1147,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newGCC() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	)
 
 	var configureExtra []KV
-	switch arch {
+	switch t.arch {
 	case "amd64", "arm64":
 		configureExtra = append(configureExtra, KV{"with-multilib-list", "''"})
 	}
@@ -1346,7 +1346,7 @@ ln -s system/lib /work/
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[gcc] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newGCC,
 
 		Name:        "gcc",
@@ -1362,5 +1362,5 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 6502,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/go.go

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import (
 // newGoBootstrap returns the Go bootstrap toolchain.
 func (t Toolchain) newGoBootstrap() pkg.Artifact {
 	const checksum = "8o9JL_ToiQKadCTb04nvBDkp8O1xiWOolAxVEqaTGodieNe4lOFEjlOxN3bwwe23"
-	return t.New("go1.4-bootstrap", 0, t.AppendPresets(nil,
+	return t.New("go1.4-bootstrap", 0, t.Append(nil,
 		Bash,
 	), nil, []string{
 		"CGO_ENABLED=0",
@@ -35,10 +35,10 @@ func (t Toolchain) newGo(
 	extra ...pkg.Artifact,
 ) pkg.Artifact {
 	name := "all"
-	if presetOpts&OptSkipCheck != 0 {
+	if t.opts&OptSkipCheck != 0 {
 		name = "make"
 	}
-	return t.New("go"+version, 0, t.AppendPresets(extra,
+	return t.New("go"+version, 0, t.Append(extra,
 		Bash,
 	), nil, slices.Concat([]string{
 		"CC=cc",
@@ -72,17 +72,17 @@ func (t Toolchain) newGoLatest() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 
 		finalEnv []string
 	)
-	switch arch {
+	switch t.arch {
 	case "amd64":
 		bootstrapExtra = append(bootstrapExtra, t.newGoBootstrap())
 
 	case "arm64", "riscv64":
 		bootstrapEnv = append(bootstrapEnv, "GOROOT_BOOTSTRAP=/system")
-		bootstrapExtra = t.AppendPresets(bootstrapExtra, gcc)
+		bootstrapExtra = t.Append(bootstrapExtra, gcc)
 		finalEnv = append(finalEnv, "CGO_ENABLED=0")
 
 	default:
-		panic("unsupported target " + arch)
+		panic("unsupported target " + t.arch)
 	}
 
 	go119 := t.newGo(
@@ -106,8 +106,8 @@ echo \
 		"YtrDka402BOAEwywx03Vz4QlVwoBiguJHzG7PuythMCPHXS8CVMLvzmvgEbu4Tzu",
 		[]string{"CGO_ENABLED=0"}, `
 sed -i \
-	's,/lib/ld-musl-`+linuxArch()+`.so.1,/system/bin/linker,' \
-	cmd/link/internal/`+arch+`/obj.go
+	's,/lib/ld-musl-`+t.linuxArch()+`.so.1,/system/bin/linker,' \
+	cmd/link/internal/`+t.arch+`/obj.go
 
 rm \
 	crypto/tls/handshake_client_test.go \
@@ -124,8 +124,8 @@ echo \
 		"wcI32bl1tkqbgcelGtGWPI4RtlEddd-PTd76Eb-k7nXA5LbE9yTNdIL9QSOOxMOs",
 		[]string{"CGO_ENABLED=0"}, `
 sed -i \
-	's,/lib/ld-musl-`+linuxArch()+`.so.1,/system/bin/linker,' \
-	cmd/link/internal/`+arch+`/obj.go
+	's,/lib/ld-musl-`+t.linuxArch()+`.so.1,/system/bin/linker,' \
+	cmd/link/internal/`+t.arch+`/obj.go
 `, go121,
 	)
 
@@ -134,8 +134,8 @@ sed -i \
 		"TwKwatkpwal-j9U2sDSRPEdM3YesI4Gm88YgGV59wtU-L85K9gA7UPy9SCxn6PMb",
 		[]string{"CGO_ENABLED=0"}, `
 sed -i \
-	's,/lib/ld-musl-`+linuxArch()+`.so.1,/system/bin/linker,' \
-	cmd/link/internal/`+arch+`/obj.go
+	's,/lib/ld-musl-`+t.linuxArch()+`.so.1,/system/bin/linker,' \
+	cmd/link/internal/`+t.arch+`/obj.go
 
 rm \
 	os/root_unix_test.go \
@@ -152,8 +152,8 @@ rm \
 		checksum,
 		finalEnv, `
 sed -i \
-	's,/lib/ld-musl-`+linuxArch()+`.so.1,/system/bin/linker,' \
-	cmd/link/internal/`+arch+`/obj.go
+	's,/lib/ld-musl-`+t.linuxArch()+`.so.1,/system/bin/linker,' \
+	cmd/link/internal/`+t.arch+`/obj.go
 sed -i \
 	's/cpu.X86.HasAVX512VBMI/& \&\& cpu.X86.HasPOPCNT/' \
 	internal/runtime/gc/scan/scan_amd64.go
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ rm \
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Go] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newGoLatest,
 
 		Name:        "go",
@@ -174,5 +174,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://go.dev/",
 
 		ID: 1227,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/gtk.go

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newGLib() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[GLib] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newGLib,
 
 		Name:        "glib",
@@ -56,5 +56,5 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 10024,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/hakurei.go

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ go build -o /bin/hostname /usr/src/hostname/main.go
 		hostname = ""
 	}
 
-	return t.New("hakurei"+suffix+"-"+hakureiVersion, 0, t.AppendPresets(nil,
+	return t.New("hakurei"+suffix+"-"+hakureiVersion, 0, t.Append(nil,
 		Go,
 		PkgConfig,
 
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ func main() {
 	)))
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Hakurei] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: func(t Toolchain) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 			return t.newHakurei("", `
 mkdir -p /work/system/libexec/hakurei/
@@ -93,11 +93,11 @@ mkdir -p /work/system/bin/
 		Website:     "https://hakurei.app/",
 
 		ID: 388834,
-	}
-	artifactsM[HakureiDist] = Metadata{
+	})
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: func(t Toolchain) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 			name := "all"
-			if presetOpts&OptSkipCheck != 0 {
+			if t.opts&OptSkipCheck != 0 {
 				name = "make"
 			}
 			return t.newHakurei("-dist", `
@@ -109,5 +109,5 @@ DESTDIR=/work /usr/src/hakurei/`+name+`.sh
 		Name:        "hakurei-dist",
 		Description: "low-level userspace tooling for Rosa OS (distribution tarball)",
 		Website:     "https://hakurei.app/",
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/hwdata.go

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newHwdata() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	}), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Hwdata] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newHwdata,
 
 		Name:        "hwdata",
@@ -30,5 +30,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://github.com/vcrhonek/hwdata",
 
 		ID: 5387,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/images.go

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[EarlyInit] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		Name:        "earlyinit",
 		Description: "Rosa OS initramfs init program",
 
@@ -24,15 +24,14 @@ go build -trimpath -v -o /work/system/libexec/hakurei -ldflags="-s -w
 echo
 `, false), Unversioned
 		},
-	}
+	})
 }
-
 func (t Toolchain) newImageSystem() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-	return t.New("system.img", TNoToolchain, t.AppendPresets(nil,
+	return t.New("system.img", TNoToolchain, t.Append(nil,
 		SquashfsTools,
 	), nil, nil, `
 mksquashfs /mnt/system /work/system.img
-`, pkg.Path(fhs.AbsRoot.Append("mnt"), false, t.AppendPresets(nil,
+`, pkg.Path(fhs.AbsRoot.Append("mnt"), false, t.Append(nil,
 		Musl,
 		Mksh,
 		Toybox,
@@ -43,16 +42,15 @@ mksquashfs /mnt/system /work/system.img
 	)...)), Unversioned
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[ImageSystem] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		Name:        "system-image",
 		Description: "Rosa OS system image",
 
 		f: Toolchain.newImageSystem,
-	}
+	})
 }
-
 func (t Toolchain) newImageInitramfs() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-	return t.New("initramfs", TNoToolchain, t.AppendPresets(nil,
+	return t.New("initramfs", TNoToolchain, t.Append(nil,
 		Zstd,
 		EarlyInit,
 		GenInitCPIO,
@@ -66,10 +64,10 @@ file /init /system/libexec/hakurei/earlyinit 0555 0 0
 `)))), Unversioned
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[ImageInitramfs] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		Name:        "initramfs-image",
 		Description: "Rosa OS initramfs image",
 
 		f: Toolchain.newImageInitramfs,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/kernel.go

@@ -19,20 +19,23 @@ chmod -R +w /work/usr/src/linux/
 `, pkg.Path(AbsUsrSrc.Append("linux"), false, kernelSource)), kernelVersion
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[KernelSource] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newKernelSource,
 
 		Name:        "kernel-source",
 		Description: "a writable kernel source tree installed to /usr/src/linux",
 		Website:     "https://kernel.org/",
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newKernelHeaders() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-	const checksum = "lCmBNcMeUmXifg0vecKOPy3GAaFcJSmOPnf3wit9xYTDSTsFADPt1xxUFfmTn1fD"
+	checksum := perArch[string]{
+		"amd64": "lCmBNcMeUmXifg0vecKOPy3GAaFcJSmOPnf3wit9xYTDSTsFADPt1xxUFfmTn1fD",
+		"arm64": "PlRxp4JzZeMGx7CScRlT1NBzc2NVyJlb8Gm8sa3ofFght9ZT101ZJhcIXiCkHSHM",
+	}
 	return t.NewPackage("kernel-headers", kernelVersion, kernelSource, &PackageAttr{
 		Flag:          TEarly,
-		KnownChecksum: new(mustDecode(checksum)),
+		KnownChecksum: new(mustDecode(checksum.unwrap(t.S))),
 
 		Paths: []pkg.ExecPath{
 			// updated manually for API changes
@@ -67,13 +70,13 @@ cat \
 	), kernelVersion
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[KernelHeaders] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newKernelHeaders,
 
 		Name:        "kernel-headers",
 		Description: "an installation of kernel headers",
 		Website:     "https://kernel.org/",
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newKernel() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -1272,7 +1275,7 @@ rm -v /work/system/lib/modules/` + kernelVersion + `/build
 	), kernelVersion
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Kernel] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newKernel,
 
 		Name:        "kernel",
@@ -1280,7 +1283,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://kernel.org/",
 
 		ID: 375621,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newGenInitCPIO() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -1290,12 +1293,12 @@ cc -o /work/system/bin/gen_init_cpio /usr/src/linux/usr/gen_init_cpio.c
 `, pkg.Path(AbsUsrSrc.Append("linux"), false, kernelSource)), kernelVersion
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[GenInitCPIO] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newGenInitCPIO,
 
 		Name:        "gen_init_cpio",
 		Description: "a program in the kernel source tree for creating initramfs archive",
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newFirmware() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -1337,7 +1340,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newFirmware() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Firmware] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newFirmware,
 
 		Name:        "firmware",
@@ -1345,5 +1348,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/firmware/linux-firmware.git/",
 
 		ID: 141464,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/kmod.go

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newKmod() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Kmod] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newKmod,
 
 		Name:        "kmod",
@@ -46,5 +46,5 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 1517,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/libarchive.go

@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ install -Dv /usr/src/CTestCustom.cmake /cure/
 	}, (*CMakeHelper)(nil)), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libarchive] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibarchive,
 
 		Name:        "libarchive",
@@ -96,5 +96,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://www.libarchive.org/",
 
 		ID: 1558,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/libbsd.go

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ install -D /usr/src/libmd/src/helper.c src/helper.c
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libmd] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibmd,
 
 		Name:        "libmd",
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://www.hadrons.org/software/libmd/",
 
 		ID: 15525,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newLibbsd() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibbsd() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libbsd] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibbsd,
 
 		Name:        "libbsd",
@@ -58,5 +58,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://libbsd.freedesktop.org/",
 
 		ID: 1567,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/libcap.go

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ ln -s ../system/bin/bash /bin/
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libcap] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibcap,
 
 		Name:        "libcap",
@@ -50,5 +50,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://sites.google.com/site/fullycapable/",
 
 		ID: 1569,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/libconfig.go

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ index eba7eae..f916d2e 100644
 	}, (*CMakeHelper)(nil)), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libconfig] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibconfig,
 
 		Name:        "libconfig",
@@ -46,5 +46,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://hyperrealm.github.io/libconfig/",
 
 		ID: 1580,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/libdisplay-info.go

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibdisplayInfo() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[LibdisplayInfo] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibdisplayInfo,
 
 		Name:        "libdisplay-info",
@@ -26,5 +26,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/emersion/libdisplay-info",
 
 		ID: 326668,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/libepoxy.go

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package rosa
+
+import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
+
+func (t Toolchain) newLibepoxy() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	const (
+		version  = "1.5.10"
+		checksum = "OHI8wshrlGw6BMGrmSyejJtwzM2gPhyFJrTsKxULyKMmYrfgcOe7Iw2ibVoUND_Q"
+	)
+	return t.NewPackage("libepoxy", version, newFromGitHub(
+		"anholt/libepoxy",
+		version,
+		checksum,
+	), nil, &MesonHelper{
+		Setup: []KV{
+			{"Dglx", "no"},
+			{"Degl", "no"},
+		},
+	},
+		LibX11,
+	), version
+}
+func init() {
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+		f: Toolchain.newLibepoxy,
+
+		Name:        "libepoxy",
+		Description: "a library for handling OpenGL function pointer management",
+		Website:     "https://github.com/anholt/libepoxy",
+
+		ID: 6090,
+	})
+}

internal/rosa/libev.go

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibev() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), nil, (*MakeHelper)(nil)), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libev] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibev,
 
 		Name:        "libev",
@@ -22,5 +22,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "http://libev.schmorp.de/",
 
 		ID: 1605,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/libexpat.go

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibexpat() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libexpat] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibexpat,
 
 		Name:        "libexpat",
@@ -30,5 +30,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://libexpat.github.io/",
 
 		ID: 770,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/libffi.go

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibffi() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libffi] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibffi,
 
 		Name:        "libffi",
@@ -26,5 +26,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://sourceware.org/libffi/",
 
 		ID: 1611,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/libgd.go

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ mkdir /dev/shm/gd
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libgd] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibgd,
 
 		Name:        "libgd",
@@ -36,5 +36,5 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 880,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/libpng.go

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibpng() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libpng] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibpng,
 
 		Name:        "libpng",
@@ -34,5 +34,5 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 1705,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/libpsl.go

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ test_disable 'int main(){return 0;}' tests/test-is-public-builtin.c
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libpsl] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibpsl,
 
 		Name:        "libpsl",
@@ -33,5 +33,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://rockdaboot.github.io/libpsl/",
 
 		ID: 7305,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/libseccomp.go

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ index adccef3..65a277a 100644
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libseccomp] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibseccomp,
 
 		Name:        "libseccomp",
@@ -51,5 +51,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://github.com/seccomp/libseccomp/",
 
 		ID: 13823,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/libtirpc.go

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+package rosa
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+
+	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
+)
+
+func (t Toolchain) newLibtirpc() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	const (
+		version  = "1.3.7"
+		checksum = "nzFfu7LNvnSNiNAryD1vtnNWnU-Xqee8KqfXUKoBf5yjb5-dkeRkYuRijdCoYLof"
+	)
+	return t.NewPackage("libtirpc", version, t.newTagRemote(
+		"git://linux-nfs.org/~steved/libtirpc",
+		"libtirpc-"+
+			strings.Join(strings.SplitN(version, ".", 3), "-"),
+		checksum,
+	), nil, &MakeHelper{
+		Generate: "sh -e ./bootstrap",
+		Configure: []KV{
+			{"CFLAGS", `"$(pkg-config --cflags libbsd-overlay) ${CFLAGS:-}"`},
+			{"disable-gssapi"},
+		},
+	},
+		Automake,
+		Libtool,
+		PkgConfig,
+
+		Libbsd,
+		KernelHeaders,
+	), version
+}
+func init() {
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+		f: Toolchain.newLibtirpc,
+
+		Name:        "libtirpc",
+		Description: "a port of Suns Transport-Independent RPC library to Linux",
+		Website:     "https://sourceforge.net/projects/libtirpc/",
+
+		ID: 1740,
+	})
+}

internal/rosa/libucontext.go

@@ -21,13 +21,13 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibucontext() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 		SkipConfigure: true,
 		InPlace:       true,
 		Make: []string{
-			"ARCH=" + linuxArch(),
+			"ARCH=" + t.linuxArch(),
 		},
 		Install: "make prefix=/system DESTDIR=/work install",
 	}), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libucontext] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibucontext,
 
 		Name:        "libucontext",
@@ -35,5 +35,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://github.com/kaniini/libucontext/",
 
 		ID: 17085,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/libxml2.go

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibxml2() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libxml2] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibxml2,
 
 		Name:        "libxml2",
@@ -28,5 +28,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/",
 
 		ID: 1783,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/libxslt.go

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibxslt() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libxslt] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibxslt,
 
 		Name:        "libxslt",
@@ -38,5 +38,5 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 13301,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/llvm.go

@@ -30,9 +30,9 @@ func litArgs(verbose bool, skipChecks ...string) string {
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newEarlyCompilerRT() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-	version := t.Version(llvmSource)
+	source, version := t.Load(llvmSource)
 	major, _, _ := strings.Cut(version, ".")
-	return t.NewPackage("early-compiler-rt", version, t.Load(llvmSource), &PackageAttr{
+	return t.NewPackage("early-compiler-rt", version, source, &PackageAttr{
 		Flag: TExclusive,
 	}, &CMakeHelper{
 		Append: []string{"compiler-rt"},
@@ -71,10 +71,10 @@ ln -s \
 	"/work/system/lib/clang/` + major + `/lib/"
 
 ln -s \
-	"clang_rt.crtbegin-` + linuxArch() + `.o" \
+	"clang_rt.crtbegin-` + t.linuxArch() + `.o" \
 	"/work/system/lib/${ROSA_TRIPLE}/crtbeginS.o"
 ln -s \
-	"clang_rt.crtend-` + linuxArch() + `.o" \
+	"clang_rt.crtend-` + t.linuxArch() + `.o" \
 	"/work/system/lib/${ROSA_TRIPLE}/crtendS.o"
 `,
 	},
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ ln -s \
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[earlyCompilerRT] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newEarlyCompilerRT,
 
 		Name:        "early-compiler-rt",
@@ -94,12 +94,12 @@ func init() {
 		Dependencies: P{
 			Musl,
 		},
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newEarlyRuntimes() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-	version := t.Version(llvmSource)
-	return t.NewPackage("early-runtimes", version, t.Load(llvmSource), &PackageAttr{
+	source, version := t.Load(llvmSource)
+	return t.NewPackage("early-runtimes", version, source, &PackageAttr{
 		Flag: TExclusive,
 	}, &CMakeHelper{
 		Append: []string{"runtimes"},
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newEarlyRuntimes() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[earlyRuntimes] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newEarlyRuntimes,
 
 		Name:        "early-runtimes",
@@ -154,12 +154,12 @@ func init() {
 		Dependencies: P{
 			earlyCompilerRT,
 		},
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newLLVM() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-	var early PArtifact = muslHeaders
-	if t.isStage0() {
+	early := muslHeaders
+	if t.stage.isStage0() {
 		// The LLVM build system uses the system installation when building with
 		// LLVM_LINK_LLVM_DYLIB, since it builds runtimes after the fact, using
 		// the just-built toolchain. This is unacceptable in stage0 due to the
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLLVM() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 		}, ";") + "'"},
 	}
 
-	if !t.isStage0() {
+	if !t.stage.isStage0() {
 		skipChecks := []string{
 			// expensive, pointless to run here
 			"benchmarks",
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLLVM() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 			// unwind: fails on musl
 			"eh_frame_fde_pc_range",
 		}
-		switch arch {
+		switch t.arch {
 		case "arm64":
 			skipChecks = append(skipChecks,
 				// LLVM: intermittently crashes
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLLVM() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 			)
 		}
 
-		if presetOpts&OptLLVMNoLTO == 0 {
+		if t.opts&OptLLVMNoLTO == 0 {
 			cache = append(cache, []KV{
 				// very expensive
 				{"LLVM_ENABLE_LTO", "Thin"},
@@ -273,8 +273,8 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLLVM() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 		}...)
 	}
 
-	version := t.Version(llvmSource)
-	return t.NewPackage("llvm", version, t.Load(llvmSource), &PackageAttr{
+	source, version := t.Load(llvmSource)
+	return t.NewPackage("llvm", version, source, &PackageAttr{
 		Flag: TExclusive,
 	}, &CMakeHelper{
 		Append: []string{"llvm"},
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ ln -s clang++ /work/system/bin/c++
 		// installation into test environment, and the tests end up testing the
 		// system installation instead. Tests are disabled on stage0 and relies
 		// on 3-stage determinism to test later stages.
-		SkipTest: t.isStage0(),
+		SkipTest: t.stage.isStage0(),
 
 		Test: `
 chmod +w /bin && ln -s \
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@ func init() {
 		checksum = "32gOaLPHcUlo3hkdk5RbFumTE01XKeCAYZcpvn8IDHF95egXVfDFSl6eZL3ChMen"
 	)
 
-	artifactsM[llvmSource] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: func(t Toolchain) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 			return t.NewPatchedSource("llvm", version, newFromGitHub(
 				"llvm/llvm-project",
@@ -337,9 +337,9 @@ func init() {
 		Description: "LLVM monorepo with Rosa OS patches",
 
 		ID: 1830,
-	}
+	})
 
-	artifactsM[LLVM] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLLVM,
 
 		Name:        "llvm",
@@ -351,5 +351,5 @@ func init() {
 			Zstd,
 			Musl,
 		},
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/lm-sensors.go

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+package rosa
+
+import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
+
+func (t Toolchain) newLMSensors() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	const (
+		version  = "3-6-2"
+		checksum = "7JYNutrihe-FP6r3ftf96uFZJJWPfxnBHL0ALSMA-vovaXVRr-sAjlLitw7WWpCI"
+	)
+	return t.NewPackage("lm_sensors", version, newFromGitHub(
+		"lm-sensors/lm-sensors",
+		"V"+version,
+		checksum,
+	), &PackageAttr{
+		Writable:    true,
+		Chmod:       true,
+		EnterSource: true,
+
+		ScriptEarly: `
+ln -s \
+	../../system/bin/perl \
+	/usr/bin/
+`,
+	}, &MakeHelper{
+		InPlace:       true,
+		SkipConfigure: true,
+
+		Make: []string{
+			"CC=cc",
+			"ETCDIR=/system/etc",
+			"PREFIX=/system",
+		},
+
+		Check: []string{
+			"CC=cc",
+			"check",
+		},
+
+		Install: "make DESTDIR=/work PREFIX=/system install",
+	},
+		Perl,
+		PerlTestCmd,
+
+		M4,
+		Bison,
+		Flex,
+	), version
+}
+func init() {
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+		f: Toolchain.newLMSensors,
+
+		Name:        "lm_sensors",
+		Description: "user-space support for hardware monitoring drivers",
+		Website:     "https://hwmon.wiki.kernel.org/lm_sensors",
+
+		ID: 1831,
+	})
+}

internal/rosa/make.go

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ cd "$(mktemp -d)"
 	))), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Make] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newMake,
 
 		Name:        "make",
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://www.gnu.org/software/make/",
 
 		ID: 1877,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 // MakeHelper is the [Make] build system helper.
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ func (attr *MakeHelper) wantsDir() string {
 }
 
 // script generates the cure script.
-func (attr *MakeHelper) script(name string) string {
+func (attr *MakeHelper) script(s *S, name string) string {
 	if attr == nil {
 		attr = new(MakeHelper)
 	}
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ make \
 	}
 	scriptMake += "\n"
 
-	if !attr.SkipCheck && presetOpts&OptSkipCheck == 0 {
+	if !attr.SkipCheck && s.opts&OptSkipCheck == 0 {
 		scriptMake += attr.ScriptCheckEarly + `make \
 	` + jobsFlagE + ` \
 	`

internal/rosa/mesa.go

@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 package rosa
 
-import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
+import (
+	"strings"
+
+	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
+)
 
 func (t Toolchain) newLibglvnd() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
@@ -12,20 +16,38 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibglvnd() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 		"glvnd/libglvnd",
 		"v"+version,
 		checksum,
-	), nil, (*MesonHelper)(nil),
+	), nil, &MesonHelper{
+		Setup: []KV{
+			{"Dx11", "enabled"},
+			{"Dglx", "enabled"},
+		},
+		ScriptCompiled: `
+export DISPLAY=':0'
+Xvfb &
+XVFB_PID="$!"
+trap 'kill $XVFB_PID && wait $XVFB_PID' EXIT
+`,
+	},
 		Binutils, // symbols check fail with llvm nm
+		Xserver,  // test suite wants X server
+
+		LibXext,
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libglvnd] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibglvnd,
 
 		Name:        "libglvnd",
 		Description: "The GL Vendor-Neutral Dispatch library",
 		Website:     "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/glvnd/libglvnd",
 
+		Dependencies: P{
+			LibXext,
+		},
+
 		ID: 12098,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newLibdrm() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -50,7 +72,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibdrm() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libdrm] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibdrm,
 
 		Name:        "libdrm",
@@ -62,5 +84,182 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 1596,
-	}
+	})
+}
+
+func (t Toolchain) newLibva() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	const (
+		version  = "2.23.0"
+		checksum = "UmF5tPyWIG_w5kiR3KFpoYbF7UUcaak5tyc-RhOheNTwQlLkPlifreFYCM9FQxbq"
+	)
+	return t.NewPackage("libva", version, newFromGitHub(
+		"intel/libva",
+		version,
+		checksum,
+	), nil, &MesonHelper{
+		Setup: []KV{
+			{"Dwith_x11", "yes"},
+			{"Dwith_glx", "yes"},
+			{"Dwith_wayland", "yes"},
+		},
+	},
+		Libdrm,
+		LibXfixes,
+		Libglvnd,
+		Wayland,
+		KernelHeaders,
+	), version
+}
+func init() {
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+		f: Toolchain.newLibva,
+
+		Name:        "libva",
+		Description: "an implementation for VA-API (Video Acceleration API)",
+		Website:     "https://01.org/vaapi",
+
+		Dependencies: P{
+			Libdrm,
+			LibXfixes,
+			Libglvnd,
+			Wayland,
+		},
+
+		ID: 1752,
+	})
+}
+
+func (t Toolchain) newMesa() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	const (
+		version  = "26.1.0"
+		checksum = "zU0fjqevySBaoi_5SLW3e2UffmGeBdxOuHmAHTH68n2hV-sjYoqg30koLqFXuk5y"
+	)
+	return t.NewPackage("mesa", version, newFromGitLab(
+		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
+		"mesa/mesa",
+		"mesa-"+version,
+		checksum,
+	), nil, &MesonHelper{
+		Setup: []KV{
+			{"Dplatforms", "x11,wayland"},
+			{"Dvideo-codecs", "all"},
+
+			{"Dglvnd", "enabled"},
+			{"Dgbm", "enabled"},
+
+			{"Dgallium-drivers", strings.Join([]string{
+				"asahi",     // Apple AGX
+				"crocus",    // Intel legacy
+				"etnaviv",   // Vivante GPU designs (mostly NXP/Marvell SoCs)
+				"freedreno", // Qualcomm Adreno (all Qualcomm SoCs)
+				"i915",      // Intel extra legacy
+				"iris",      // new Intel (Broadwell+)
+				"lima",      // ARM Mali 4xx
+				"llvmpipe",  // software renderer
+				"nouveau",   // Nvidia
+				"panfrost",  // ARM Mali Midgard and up (T/G series)
+				"r300",      // very old AMD
+				"r600",      // less old AMD
+				"radeonsi",  // new AMD (GCN+)
+				"softpipe",  // older software renderer
+				"svga",      // VMWare virtualized GPU
+				"tegra",     // Nvidia Tegra SoCs
+				"v3d",       // Broadcom VC5 (Raspberry Pi 4)
+				"vc4",       // Broadcom VC4 (Raspberry Pi 0-3)
+				"virgl",     // QEMU virtualized GPU (aka VirGL)
+				"zink",      // generic OpenGL over Vulkan, experimental
+
+				// d3d12: WSL emulated GPU (aka Dozen)
+				// ethosu: accelerator
+				// rocket: accelerator
+			}, ",")},
+
+			{"Dvulkan-drivers", strings.Join([]string{
+				"amd",         // AMD (aka RADV)
+				"broadcom",    // Broadcom VC5 (Raspberry Pi 4, aka V3D)
+				"freedreno",   // Qualcomm Adreno (all Qualcomm SoCs)
+				"intel",       // new Intel (aka ANV)
+				"intel_hasvk", // Intel Haswell/Broadwell, "legacy" Vulkan driver (https://www.phoronix.com/news/Intel-HasVK-Drop-Dead-Code)
+				"panfrost",    // ARM Mali Midgard and up (T/G series)
+				"swrast",      // software renderer (aka Lavapipe)
+				"virtio",      // QEMU virtualized GPU (aka VirGL)
+				"imagination", // PowerVR Rogue
+				"asahi",       // Apple AGX
+				"gfxstream",   // Android virtualized GPU
+
+				// nouveau: Nouveau (aka NVK), requires rust
+				// microsoft-experimental: WSL virtualized GPU (aka DZN/Dozen)
+				// kosmickrisp: macOS-specific
+			}, ",")},
+			{"Dvulkan-layers", strings.Join([]string{
+				"device-select",
+				"intel-nullhw",
+				"overlay",
+				"screenshot",
+				"anti-lag",
+				"vram-report-limit",
+			}, ",")},
+
+			{"Dfreedreno-kmds", "msm,virtio"},
+			{"Damdgpu-virtio", "true"},
+		},
+	},
+		M4,
+		PythonPackaging,
+		PythonMako,
+		PythonPyYAML,
+		PythonPycparser,
+		Glslang,
+		SPIRVLLVMTranslator,
+
+		Zlib,
+		Zstd,
+		Gzip,
+		Ncurses,
+		Libglvnd,
+		Libexpat,
+		Libva,
+		Libdrm,
+		Elfutils,
+		Bison,
+		Flex,
+		LMSensors,
+		Libconfig,
+		LibdisplayInfo,
+		Wayland,
+		WaylandProtocols,
+		Libxshmfence,
+		LibXxf86vm,
+		LibXrandr,
+		LibxcbUtilKeysyms,
+		Libpng,
+		Libarchive,
+		KernelHeaders,
+	), version
+}
+func init() {
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+		f: Toolchain.newMesa,
+
+		Name:        "mesa",
+		Description: "open source implementations of OpenGL, OpenGL ES, Vulkan, OpenCL, and more",
+		Website:     "https://mesa3d.org",
+
+		Dependencies: P{
+			Libdrm,
+			Elfutils,
+			LMSensors,
+			LibdisplayInfo,
+			Wayland,
+			Libxshmfence,
+			LibXxf86vm,
+			LibXrandr,
+			LibxcbUtilKeysyms,
+			Libpng,
+		},
+
+		ID: 1970,
+
+		latest: (*Versions).getStable,
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/meson.go

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ python3 ./run_project_tests.py \
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Meson] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newMeson,
 
 		Name:        "meson",
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 6472,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 // MesonHelper is the [Meson] build system helper.
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ func (*MesonHelper) createDir() bool { return false }
 func (*MesonHelper) wantsDir() string { return `"$(mktemp -d)"` }
 
 // script generates the cure script.
-func (attr *MesonHelper) script(name string) string {
+func (attr *MesonHelper) script(s *S, name string) string {
 	if attr == nil {
 		attr = new(MesonHelper)
 	}
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ func (attr *MesonHelper) script(name string) string {
 	}
 
 	var scriptTest string
-	if !attr.SkipTest && presetOpts&OptSkipCheck == 0 {
+	if !attr.SkipTest && s.opts&OptSkipCheck == 0 {
 		scriptTest = `
 meson test \
 	--print-errorlogs`

internal/rosa/mksh.go

@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ func (t Toolchain) newMksh() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 		checksum = "0Zj-k4nXEu3IuJY4lvwD2OrC2t27GdZj8SPy4DoaeuBRH1padWb7oREpYgwY8JNq"
 	)
 	scriptTest := "./test.sh -C regress:no-ctty\n"
-	if presetOpts&OptSkipCheck != 0 {
+	if t.opts&OptSkipCheck != 0 {
 		scriptTest = ""
 	}
-	return t.New("mksh-"+version, 0, t.AppendPresets(nil,
+	return t.New("mksh-"+version, 0, t.Append(nil,
 		Perl,
 		Coreutils,
 	), nil, []string{
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ ln -vs ../system/bin/sh /work/bin/
 	))), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Mksh] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newMksh,
 
 		Name:        "mksh",
@@ -44,5 +44,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://www.mirbsd.org/mksh",
 
 		ID: 5590,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/musl-fts.go

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newMuslFts() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[MuslFts] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newMuslFts,
 
 		Name:        "musl-fts",
@@ -32,5 +32,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://github.com/void-linux/musl-fts",
 
 		ID: 26980,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/musl-obstack.go

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newMuslObstack() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[MuslObstack] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newMuslObstack,
 
 		Name:        "musl-obstack",
@@ -32,5 +32,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://github.com/void-linux/musl-obstack",
 
 		ID: 146206,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/musl.go

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newMusl(headers bool) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 		SkipCheck:    true,
 		Script: `
 mkdir -p /work/system/bin
-COMPAT_LINKER_NAME="ld-musl-` + linuxArch() + `.so.1"
+COMPAT_LINKER_NAME="ld-musl-` + t.linuxArch() + `.so.1"
 ln -vs ../lib/libc.so /work/system/bin/linker
 ln -vs ../lib/libc.so /work/system/bin/ldd
 ln -vs libc.so "/work/system/lib/${COMPAT_LINKER_NAME}"
@@ -34,9 +34,9 @@ rmdir -v /work/lib
 	}
 
 	env := []string{
-		"LDFLAGS=" + earlyLDFLAGS(false),
+		"LDFLAGS=" + t.earlyLDFLAGS(false),
 	}
-	if t.isStage0() {
+	if t.stage.isStage0() {
 		env = append(env,
 			"CC=clang",
 			"AR=ar",
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ index 715948f4..c2fece68 100644
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Musl] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: func(t Toolchain) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 			return t.newMusl(false)
 		},
@@ -85,14 +85,14 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://musl.libc.org/",
 
 		ID: 11688,
-	}
+	})
 
-	artifactsM[muslHeaders] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: func(t Toolchain) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 			return t.newMusl(true)
 		},
 
 		Name:        "musl-headers",
 		Description: "system installation of musl headers",
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/ncurses.go

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newNcurses() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Ncurses] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newNcurses,
 
 		Name:        "ncurses",
@@ -34,5 +34,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://invisible-island.net/ncurses/",
 
 		ID: 373226,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/netfilter.go

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ index d223ac2..a7878d0 100644
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libmnl] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibmnl,
 
 		Name:        "libmnl",
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://www.netfilter.org/projects/libmnl/",
 
 		ID: 1663,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newLibnftnl() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibnftnl() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libnftnl] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibnftnl,
 
 		Name:        "libnftnl",
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 1681,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newIPTables() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ chmod +w /etc/ && ln -s ../usr/src/iptables/etc/ethertypes /etc/
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[IPTables] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newIPTables,
 
 		Name:        "iptables",
@@ -143,5 +143,5 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 1394,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/nettle.go

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newNettle() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Nettle] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newNettle,
 
 		Name:        "nettle",
@@ -31,5 +31,5 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 2073,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/nettle3.go

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newNettle3() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[nettle3] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newNettle3,
 
 		Name:        "nettle3",
@@ -29,5 +29,5 @@ func init() {
 		Dependencies: P{
 			GMP,
 		},
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/ninja.go

@@ -7,9 +7,11 @@ func (t Toolchain) newNinja() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 		version  = "1.13.2"
 		checksum = "ygKWMa0YV2lWKiFro5hnL-vcKbc_-RACZuPu0Io8qDvgQlZ0dxv7hPNSFkt4214v"
 	)
+	python, _ := t.Load(Python)
+	bash, _ := t.Load(Bash)
 	return t.New("ninja-"+version, 0, []pkg.Artifact{
-		t.Load(Python),
-		t.Load(Bash),
+		python,
+		bash,
 	}, nil, nil, `
 cd "$(mktemp -d)"
 python3 /usr/src/ninja/configure.py \
@@ -37,7 +39,7 @@ cp ninja /work/system/bin/
 	))), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Ninja] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newNinja,
 
 		Name:        "ninja",
@@ -45,5 +47,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://ninja-build.org/",
 
 		ID: 2089,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/nss.go

@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ cp -r \
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[NSS] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newNSS,
 
 		Name:        "nss",
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 2503,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func init() {
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ func init() {
 		version  = "0.5.1"
 		checksum = "oxjnuIrPVMPvD6x8VFLqB7EdbfuhouGQdtPuHDpEHGzoyH5nkxqtYN9UthMY9noA"
 	)
-	artifactsM[buildcatrust] = newPythonPackage(
+	native.newPythonPackage(
 		"buildcatrust", 233988,
 		"transform certificate stores between formats",
 		"https://github.com/nix-community/buildcatrust",
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ rm buildcatrust/tests/test_nonhermetic.py
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newNSSCACert() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-	return t.New("nss-cacert", 0, t.AppendPresets(nil,
+	return t.New("nss-cacert", 0, t.Append(nil,
 		Bash,
 
 		NSS,
@@ -120,11 +120,11 @@ buildcatrust \
 `), Unversioned
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[NSSCACert] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newNSSCACert,
 
 		Name:        "nss-cacert",
 		Description: "bundle of X.509 certificates of public Certificate Authorities",
 		Website:     "https://curl.se/docs/caextract.html",
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/openssl.go

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newOpenSSL() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[OpenSSL] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newOpenSSL,
 
 		Name:        "openssl",
@@ -51,5 +51,5 @@ func init() {
 
 		// strange malformed tags treated as pre-releases in Anitya
 		latest: (*Versions).getStable,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/p11.go

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newP11Kit() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[P11Kit] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newP11Kit,
 
 		Name:        "p11-kit",
@@ -36,5 +36,5 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 2582,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/pcre2.go

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ ln -s ../system/bin/toybox /bin/echo
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[PCRE2] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newPCRE2,
 
 		Name:        "pcre2",
@@ -40,5 +40,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://pcre2project.github.io/pcre2/",
 
 		ID: 5832,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/perl.go

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ chmod +w /system/bin && rm -f /system/bin/ps # perl does not like toybox ps
 	}), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Perl] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newPerl,
 
 		Name:        "perl",
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ func init() {
 
 		// odd-even versioning
 		latest: (*Versions).getStable,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 // newViaPerlModuleBuild installs a perl module via Build.PL.
@@ -69,12 +69,12 @@ func (t Toolchain) newViaPerlModuleBuild(
 	name, version string,
 	source pkg.Artifact,
 	patches []KV,
-	extra ...PArtifact,
+	extra ...ArtifactH,
 ) pkg.Artifact {
 	if name == "" || version == "" {
 		panic("names must be non-empty")
 	}
-	return t.New("perl-"+name, 0, t.AppendPresets(nil,
+	return t.New("perl-"+name, 0, t.Append(nil,
 		slices.Concat(P{Perl}, extra)...,
 	), nil, nil, `
 cd /usr/src/`+name+`
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newPerlModuleBuild() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), nil), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[PerlModuleBuild] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newPerlModuleBuild,
 
 		Name:        "perl-Module::Build",
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ func init() {
 		Dependencies: P{
 			Perl,
 		},
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 // newViaPerlMakeMaker installs a perl module via Makefile.PL.
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newViaPerlMakeMaker(
 	name, version string,
 	source pkg.Artifact,
 	patches []KV,
-	extra ...PArtifact,
+	extra ...ArtifactH,
 ) pkg.Artifact {
 	return t.NewPackage("perl-"+name, version, source, &PackageAttr{
 		// uses source tree as scratch space
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newPerlLocaleGettext() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), nil), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[PerlLocaleGettext] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newPerlLocaleGettext,
 
 		Name:        "perl-Locale::gettext",
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://metacpan.org/release/Locale-gettext",
 
 		ID: 7523,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newPerlPodParser() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newPerlPodParser() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), nil), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[PerlPodParser] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newPerlPodParser,
 
 		Name:        "perl-Pod::Parser",
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://metacpan.org/release/Pod-Parser",
 
 		ID: 3244,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newPerlSGMLS() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newPerlSGMLS() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), nil), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[PerlSGMLS] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newPerlSGMLS,
 
 		Name:        "perl-SGMLS",
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ func init() {
 			}
 			return v.Latest
 		},
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newPerlTermReadKey() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newPerlTermReadKey() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), nil), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[PerlTermReadKey] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newPerlTermReadKey,
 
 		Name:        "perl-Term::ReadKey",
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://metacpan.org/release/TermReadKey",
 
 		ID: 3372,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newPerlTextCharWidth() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newPerlTextCharWidth() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), nil), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[PerlTextCharWidth] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newPerlTextCharWidth,
 
 		Name:        "perl-Text::CharWidth",
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://metacpan.org/release/Text-CharWidth",
 
 		ID: 14380,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newPerlTextWrapI18N() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newPerlTextWrapI18N() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[PerlTextWrapI18N] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newPerlTextWrapI18N,
 
 		Name:        "perl-Text::WrapI18N",
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 14385,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newPerlMIMECharset() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newPerlMIMECharset() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), nil), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[PerlMIMECharset] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newPerlMIMECharset,
 
 		Name:        "perl-MIME::Charset",
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://metacpan.org/release/MIME-Charset",
 
 		ID: 3070,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newPerlUnicodeLineBreak() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newPerlUnicodeLineBreak() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[PerlUnicodeLineBreak] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newPerlUnicodeLineBreak,
 
 		Name:        "perl-Unicode::LineBreak",
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 6033,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newPerlYAMLTiny() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newPerlYAMLTiny() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), nil), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[PerlYAMLTiny] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newPerlYAMLTiny,
 
 		Name:        "perl-YAML::Tiny",
@@ -380,5 +380,29 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://metacpan.org/release/YAML-Tiny",
 
 		ID: 3549,
-	}
+	})
+}
+
+func (t Toolchain) newPerlTestCmd() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	const (
+		version  = "1.09"
+		checksum = "gpGUwyC9IozDiYSgW_kXARNfXsTPFa6cTowJmmCBbPqcs2-pONZca_SB06FGy-7H"
+	)
+	return t.newViaPerlMakeMaker("Test::Cmd", version, newFromCPAN(
+		"NEILB",
+		"Test-Cmd",
+		version,
+		checksum,
+	), nil), version
+}
+func init() {
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+		f: Toolchain.newPerlTestCmd,
+
+		Name:        "perl-Test::Cmd",
+		Description: "portable testing of commands and scripts",
+		Website:     "https://metacpan.org/release/Test-Cmd",
+
+		ID: 6014,
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/pixman.go

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+package rosa
+
+import "hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
+
+func (t Toolchain) newPixman() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	const (
+		version  = "0.46.4"
+		checksum = "iECDxLG9SxUrvGHqeDoaBa-b3uqdT5DC4zudjtrwb8Wodq82pyacmFNEAo4SDsiE"
+	)
+	return t.NewPackage("pixman", version, newFromGitLab(
+		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
+		"pixman/pixman",
+		"pixman-"+version,
+		checksum,
+	), nil, &MesonHelper{
+		Setup: []KV{
+			{"Dtests", "enabled"},
+		},
+	}), version
+}
+func init() {
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+		f: Toolchain.newPixman,
+
+		Name:        "pixman",
+		Description: "a low-level software library for pixel manipulation",
+		Website:     "https://pixman.org/",
+
+		ID: 3648,
+	})
+}

internal/rosa/pkg-config.go

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newPkgConfig() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[PkgConfig] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newPkgConfig,
 
 		Name:        "pkg-config",
@@ -32,5 +32,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://pkgconfig.freedesktop.org/",
 
 		ID: 3649,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/procps.go

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newProcps() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Procps] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newProcps,
 
 		Name:        "procps",
@@ -35,5 +35,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://gitlab.com/procps-ng/procps",
 
 		ID: 3708,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/python.go

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ index 19aea290b58..51603ba9510 100644
 
 			// _ctypes appears to infer something from the linker name
 			"LDFLAGS=-Wl,--dynamic-linker=/system/lib/" +
-				"ld-musl-" + linuxArch() + ".so.1",
+				"ld-musl-" + t.linuxArch() + ".so.1",
 		},
 	}, &MakeHelper{
 		Check: []string{"test"},
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ index 19aea290b58..51603ba9510 100644
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Python] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newPython,
 
 		Name:        "python",
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 13254,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 // PipHelper is the [Python] pip packaging helper.
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ func (*PipHelper) createDir() bool { return false }
 func (*PipHelper) wantsDir() string { return `"$(mktemp -d)"` }
 
 // script generates the pip3 install command.
-func (attr *PipHelper) script(name string) string {
+func (attr *PipHelper) script(_ *S, name string) string {
 	if attr == nil {
 		attr = new(PipHelper)
 	}
@@ -193,14 +193,14 @@ pip3 install \
 ` + script
 }
 
-// newPythonPackage creates [Metadata] for a [Python] package.
-func newPythonPackage(
+// newPythonPackage registers a new [Python] package.
+func (s *S) newPythonPackage(
 	name string, id int, description, website, version string,
 	source pkg.Artifact, attrP *PackageAttr, attr *PipHelper,
-	build P, extra ...PArtifact,
-) Metadata {
+	build P, extra ...ArtifactH,
+) {
 	name = "python-" + name
-	return Metadata{
+	s.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: func(t Toolchain) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 			return t.NewPackage(name, version, source, attrP, attr, slices.Concat(
 				P{Python},
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ func newPythonPackage(
 		Dependencies: slices.Concat(P{Python}, extra),
 
 		ID: id,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func init() {
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ func init() {
 		version  = "0.47.0"
 		checksum = "HZ-MvkUP8mbbx2YmsRNswj_bbOCIiXckuHqL5Qbvb5NxN5DYfWnqwkGNyS7OrId0"
 	)
-	artifactsM[PythonWheel] = newPythonPackage(
+	native.newPythonPackage(
 		"wheel", 11428,
 		"the official binary distribution format for Python",
 		"https://peps.python.org/pep-0427/",
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ func init() {
 		version  = "82.0.1"
 		checksum = "nznP46Tj539yqswtOrIM4nQgwLA1h-ApKX7z7ghazROCpyF5swtQGwsZoI93wkhc"
 	)
-	artifactsM[PythonSetuptools] = newPythonPackage(
+	native.newPythonPackage(
 		"setuptools", 4021,
 		"the autotools of the Python ecosystem",
 		"https://pypi.org/project/setuptools/",
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ func init() {
 		version  = "1.1.1"
 		checksum = "rXZixTsZcRcIoUC1LvWrjySsiXSv5uhW6ng2P-yXZrbdj7FrSrDeJLCfC2b-ladV"
 	)
-	artifactsM[PythonVCSVersioning] = newPythonPackage(
+	native.newPythonPackage(
 		"vcs-versioning", 389421,
 		"core VCS versioning functionality extracted as a standalone library",
 		"https://setuptools-scm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/",
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ func init() {
 		version  = "10.0.5"
 		checksum = "vTN_TPd-b4Wbsw5WmAcsWjrs-FNXXznOeVTDnb54NtXve9Oy-eb2HPy-RG3FzNqp"
 	)
-	artifactsM[PythonSetuptoolsSCM] = newPythonPackage(
+	native.newPythonPackage(
 		"setuptools-scm", 7874,
 		"extracts Python package versions from Git or Mercurial metadata",
 		"https://setuptools-scm.readthedocs.io/en/latest/",
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ func init() {
 		version  = "3.12.0"
 		checksum = "VcTsiGiDU1aPLbjSPe38f9OjJDCLcxFz9loObJqUI1ZxDHXAaQMxBpNyLz_G1Rff"
 	)
-	artifactsM[PythonFlitCore] = newPythonPackage(
+	native.newPythonPackage(
 		"flit-core", 44841,
 		"a PEP 517 build backend for packages using Flit",
 		"https://flit.pypa.io/",
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ func init() {
 		version  = "26.2"
 		checksum = "rdpGa2EkPFbj1mFtLKLnSwIX9gPfELcuneiICjRVDNw6By49szTFVoW8gtMMZ6ZS"
 	)
-	artifactsM[PythonPackaging] = newPythonPackage(
+	native.newPythonPackage(
 		"packaging", 60461,
 		"reusable core utilities for various Python Packaging interoperability specifications",
 		"https://packaging.pypa.io/",
@@ -352,10 +352,10 @@ func init() {
 }
 
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[LIT] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: func(t Toolchain) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-			version := t.Version(LLVM)
-			return t.NewPackage("lit", version, t.Load(llvmSource), nil, &PipHelper{
+			source, version := t.Load(llvmSource)
+			return t.NewPackage("lit", version, source, nil, &PipHelper{
 				Append: []string{"llvm", "utils", "lit"},
 				// already checked during llvm
 				SkipCheck: true,
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ func init() {
 		Dependencies: P{
 			Python,
 		},
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func init() {
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ func init() {
 		version  = "1.1.1"
 		checksum = "1fVwoal6FoKXczoG3qRUi87TxSWESSGcgvnbEZDYuaOgsO25o36iF3SbAhwkr4Va"
 	)
-	artifactsM[PythonPathspec] = newPythonPackage(
+	native.newPythonPackage(
 		"pathspec", 23424,
 		"utility library for gitignore style pattern matching of file paths",
 		"https://github.com/cpburnz/python-pathspec",
@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ func init() {
 		version  = "2026.5.7.17"
 		checksum = "1Fcps0gK9P4ofwGL8MISN9k1Q40-quxX7NDpIna50TmziBNrZy-0Vz0I9yIeHCoP"
 	)
-	artifactsM[PythonTroveClassifiers] = newPythonPackage(
+	native.newPythonPackage(
 		"trove-classifiers", 88298,
 		"canonical source for classifiers on PyPI",
 		"https://pypi.org/p/trove-classifiers/",
@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ func init() {
 		version  = "1.6.0"
 		checksum = "GiUgDkKjF8Xn1cmq6iMhTGXzcPIYeaJrvQpHBSAJapNVx4UyuiTXqd5eVlxSClJu"
 	)
-	artifactsM[PythonPluggy] = newPythonPackage(
+	native.newPythonPackage(
 		"pluggy", 7500,
 		"the core framework used by the pytest, tox, and devpi projects",
 		"https://pluggy.readthedocs.io/en/latest/",
@@ -440,7 +440,7 @@ func init() {
 		version  = "1.16.5"
 		checksum = "V2eREtqZLZeV85yb4O-bfAJCUluHcQP76Qfs0QH5s7RF_Oc8xIP8jD0jl85qFyWk"
 	)
-	artifactsM[PythonHatchling] = newPythonPackage(
+	native.newPythonPackage(
 		"hatchling", 16137,
 		"the extensible, standards compliant build backend used by Hatch",
 		"https://hatch.pypa.io/latest/",
@@ -465,7 +465,7 @@ func init() {
 		version  = "2.20.0"
 		checksum = "L-2P6vn7c_CNZYliE5CJAWLxO1ziDQVVkf8bnZbHj8aSCQ43oWv11wC9KzU9MeCa"
 	)
-	artifactsM[PythonPygments] = newPythonPackage(
+	native.newPythonPackage(
 		"pygments", 3986,
 		"a syntax highlighting package written in Python",
 		"https://pygments.org/",
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ func init() {
 		version  = "2.3.0"
 		checksum = "mH7VBZaXcYatBPE3RQQZvSzz_Ay8IPPek60NpPHZulPq4ReAFUUsA4EPWfiyMknZ"
 	)
-	artifactsM[PythonIniConfig] = newPythonPackage(
+	native.newPythonPackage(
 		"iniconfig", 114778,
 		"a small and simple INI-file parser module",
 		"https://github.com/pytest-dev/iniconfig",
@@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ func init() {
 		version  = "9.0.3"
 		checksum = "qfLL_znWhbJCDbNJvrx9H3-orJ86z4ifhaW0bIn21jl2sDP-FVoX_1yieOypArQe"
 	)
-	artifactsM[PythonPyTest] = newPythonPackage(
+	native.newPythonPackage(
 		"pytest", 3765,
 		"the pytest framework",
 		"https://pytest.org",
@@ -534,7 +534,7 @@ func init() {
 		version  = "3.0.3"
 		checksum = "txRGYdWE3his1lHHRI-lZADw0-ILvUg2l5OGdFHtFXIb_QowGxwdxHCUSJIgmjQs"
 	)
-	artifactsM[PythonMarkupSafe] = newPythonPackage(
+	native.newPythonPackage(
 		"markupsafe", 3918,
 		"implements a text object that escapes characters so it is safe to use in HTML and XML",
 		"https://markupsafe.palletsprojects.com/",
@@ -553,7 +553,7 @@ func init() {
 		version  = "1.3.12"
 		checksum = "OZbBsQe2MzRuAo5Mr4qRwWHGqU1EEZeBuSprDDIceAtMLIUJtO7SbERlxHIxNhLk"
 	)
-	artifactsM[PythonMako] = newPythonPackage(
+	native.newPythonPackage(
 		"mako", 3915,
 		"a template library written in Python",
 		"https://www.makotemplates.org/",
@@ -571,7 +571,7 @@ func init() {
 		version  = "6.0.3"
 		checksum = "7wDv0RW9chBdu9l5Q4Hun5F2HHdo105ZSIixwdFPKbEYbftW9YxmsegfL-zafnbJ"
 	)
-	artifactsM[PythonPyYAML] = newPythonPackage(
+	native.newPythonPackage(
 		"pyyaml", 4123,
 		"a YAML parser and emitter for Python",
 		"https://pyyaml.org/",
@@ -590,7 +590,7 @@ func init() {
 		version  = "3.00"
 		checksum = "4qfCMFKp0fLsRsloOAF780tXX_Ce_68RwinCmjNGObAX32WpF_iBafIKW1S1bYlA"
 	)
-	artifactsM[PythonPycparser] = newPythonPackage(
+	native.newPythonPackage(
 		"pycparser", 8175,
 		"complete C99 parser in pure Python",
 		"https://github.com/eliben/pycparser",

internal/rosa/qemu.go

@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ EOF
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[QEMU] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newQEMU,
 
 		Name:        "qemu",
@@ -107,5 +107,5 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 13607,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/rdfind.go

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ ln -s ../system/bin/toybox /bin/echo
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Rdfind] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newRdfind,
 
 		Name:        "rdfind",
@@ -33,5 +33,5 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 231641,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/report.go

@@ -32,10 +32,15 @@ func WriteReport(msg message.Msg, w io.Writer, c *pkg.Cache) error {
 		zero [wordSize]byte
 		buf  [len(pkg.ID{}) + wordSize]byte
 	)
-	for i := range PresetEnd {
-		a := Std.Load(PArtifact(i))
+	t := native.Std()
+	for _, p := range native.Collect() {
+		meta := native.Get(p)
+		if meta == nil {
+			return errors.New("artifact " + p.String() + " in inconsistent state")
+		}
+		a, _ := t.MustLoad(p)
 		if _, ok := a.(pkg.FileArtifact); ok {
-			msg.Verbosef("skipping file artifact %s", artifactsM[i].Name)
+			msg.Verbosef("skipping file artifact %s", meta.Name)
 			continue
 		}
 
@@ -44,7 +49,7 @@ func WriteReport(msg message.Msg, w io.Writer, c *pkg.Cache) error {
 		var f *os.File
 		if r, err := c.OpenStatus(a); err != nil {
 			if errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
-				msg.Verbosef("artifact %s unavailable", artifactsM[i].Name)
+				msg.Verbosef("artifact %s unavailable", meta.Name)
 				continue
 			}
 			return err
@@ -52,7 +57,7 @@ func WriteReport(msg message.Msg, w io.Writer, c *pkg.Cache) error {
 			f = r.(*os.File)
 		}
 
-		msg.Verbosef("writing artifact %s...", artifactsM[i].Name)
+		msg.Verbosef("writing artifact %s...", meta.Name)
 
 		var sz int64
 		if fi, err := f.Stat(); err != nil {

internal/rosa/rosa.go

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 package rosa
 
 import (
-	"errors"
 	"path"
 	"slices"
 	"strconv"
@@ -54,8 +53,8 @@ var (
 )
 
 // linuxArch returns the architecture name used by linux corresponding to arch.
-func linuxArch() string {
-	switch arch {
+func (s *S) linuxArch() string {
+	switch s.arch {
 	case "amd64":
 		return "x86_64"
 	case "arm64":
@@ -64,23 +63,23 @@ func linuxArch() string {
 		return "riscv64"
 
 	default:
-		panic("unsupported target " + arch)
+		panic("unsupported target " + s.arch)
 	}
 }
 
-// triplet returns the Rosa OS host triple corresponding to arch.
-func triplet() string {
-	return linuxArch() + "-rosa-linux-musl"
+// triple returns the Rosa OS host triple corresponding to arch.
+func (s *S) triple() string {
+	return s.linuxArch() + "-rosa-linux-musl"
 }
 
 // perArch is a value that differs per architecture.
 type perArch[T any] map[string]T
 
 // unwrap returns the value for the current architecture.
-func (p perArch[T]) unwrap() T {
-	v, ok := p[arch]
+func (p perArch[T]) unwrap(s *S) T {
+	v, ok := p[s.arch]
 	if !ok {
-		panic("unsupported target " + arch)
+		panic("unsupported target " + s.arch)
 	}
 	return v
 }
@@ -91,63 +90,60 @@ const (
 )
 
 // earlyLDFLAGS returns LDFLAGS corresponding to triplet.
-func earlyLDFLAGS(static bool) string {
-	s := "-fuse-ld=lld " +
+func (s *S) earlyLDFLAGS(static bool) string {
+	p := "-fuse-ld=lld " +
 		"-L/system/lib -Wl,-rpath=/system/lib " +
-		"-L/system/lib/" + triplet() + " " +
-		"-Wl,-rpath=/system/lib/" + triplet() + " " +
+		"-L/system/lib/" + s.triple() + " " +
+		"-Wl,-rpath=/system/lib/" + s.triple() + " " +
 		"-rtlib=compiler-rt " +
 		"-unwindlib=libunwind " +
 		"-Wl,--as-needed"
 	if !static {
-		s += " -Wl,--dynamic-linker=/system/bin/linker"
+		p += " -Wl,--dynamic-linker=/system/bin/linker"
 	}
-	return s
+	return p
 }
 
-// Toolchain denotes the infrastructure to compile a [pkg.Artifact] on.
-type Toolchain uint32
-
 const (
-	// _toolchainBusybox denotes a busybox installation from the busyboxBin
-	// binary distribution. This is defined as a toolchain to make use of the
-	// toolchain abstractions to preprocess toolchainGentoo and is not a real,
+	// _stageBusybox denotes a busybox installation from the busyboxBin
+	// binary distribution. This is defined as a [Stage] to make use of the
+	// toolchain abstractions to preprocess stageGentoo and is not a real,
 	// functioning toolchain. It does not contain any compilers.
-	_toolchainBusybox Toolchain = iota
+	_stageBusybox Stage = iota
 
-	// toolchainGentoo denotes the toolchain in a Gentoo stage3 tarball. Special
-	// care must be taken to compile correctly against this toolchain.
-	toolchainGentoo
+	// stageGentoo denotes the toolchain in a Gentoo stage3 tarball. Special
+	// care must be taken to compile correctly against this stage.
+	stageGentoo
 
-	// toolchainIntermediateGentoo is like to toolchainIntermediate, but
-	// compiled against toolchainGentoo.
-	toolchainIntermediateGentoo
+	// stageIntermediateGentoo is like stageIntermediate, but compiled against
+	// stageGentoo.
+	stageIntermediateGentoo
 
-	// toolchainStdGentoo is like Std, but bootstrapped from toolchainGentoo.
-	// This toolchain creates the first [Stage0] distribution.
-	toolchainStdGentoo
+	// stageStdGentoo is like Std, but bootstrapped from stageGentoo. This
+	// toolchain creates the first [Stage0] distribution.
+	stageStdGentoo
 
-	// toolchainStage0 denotes the stage0 toolchain. Special care must be taken
+	// stageEarly denotes the stage0 toolchain. Special care must be taken
 	// to compile correctly against this toolchain.
-	toolchainStage0
+	stageEarly
 
-	// toolchainIntermediate denotes the intermediate toolchain compiled against
-	// toolchainStage0. This toolchain should be functionally identical to [Std]
+	// stageIntermediate denotes the intermediate toolchain compiled against
+	// stageEarly. This toolchain should be functionally identical to [Std]
 	// and is used to bootstrap [Std].
-	toolchainIntermediate
+	stageIntermediate
 
 	// Std denotes the standard Rosa OS toolchain.
 	Std
 
-	// _toolchainEnd is the total number of toolchains available and does not
-	// denote a valid toolchain.
-	_toolchainEnd
+	// _stageEnd is the total number of stages available and does not denote a
+	// valid toolchain.
+	_stageEnd
 )
 
 // isStage0 returns whether t is a stage0 toolchain.
-func (t Toolchain) isStage0() bool {
+func (t Stage) isStage0() bool {
 	switch t {
-	case toolchainGentoo, toolchainStage0:
+	case stageGentoo, stageEarly:
 		return true
 	default:
 		return false
@@ -155,9 +151,9 @@ func (t Toolchain) isStage0() bool {
 }
 
 // isIntermediate returns whether t is an intermediate toolchain.
-func (t Toolchain) isIntermediate() bool {
+func (t Stage) isIntermediate() bool {
 	switch t {
-	case toolchainIntermediateGentoo, toolchainIntermediate:
+	case stageIntermediateGentoo, stageIntermediate:
 		return true
 	default:
 		return false
@@ -165,9 +161,9 @@ func (t Toolchain) isIntermediate() bool {
 }
 
 // isStd returns whether t is considered functionally equivalent to [Std].
-func (t Toolchain) isStd() bool {
+func (t Stage) isStd() bool {
 	switch t {
-	case toolchainStdGentoo, Std:
+	case stageStdGentoo, Std:
 		return true
 	default:
 		return false
@@ -224,26 +220,7 @@ const (
 	THostNet
 )
 
-var (
-	// gentooStage3 is the url of a Gentoo stage3 tarball.
-	gentooStage3 string
-	// gentooStage3Checksum is the expected checksum of gentooStage3.
-	gentooStage3Checksum pkg.Checksum
-)
-
-// SetGentooStage3 sets the Gentoo stage3 tarball url and checksum. It panics
-// if given zero values or if these values have already been set.
-func SetGentooStage3(url string, checksum pkg.Checksum) {
-	if gentooStage3 != "" {
-		panic(errors.New("attempting to set Gentoo stage3 url twice"))
-	}
-	if url == "" {
-		panic(errors.New("attempting to set Gentoo stage3 url to the zero value"))
-	}
-	gentooStage3, gentooStage3Checksum = url, checksum
-}
-
-// New returns a [pkg.Artifact] compiled on this toolchain.
+// New returns a [pkg.Artifact] based on a [Toolchain] via s.
 func (t Toolchain) New(
 	name string,
 	flag int,
@@ -257,20 +234,21 @@ func (t Toolchain) New(
 	const lcMessages = "LC_MESSAGES=C.UTF-8"
 
 	var support []pkg.Artifact
-	switch t {
-	case _toolchainBusybox:
+	switch t.stage {
+	case _stageBusybox:
 		name += "-early"
-		support = slices.Concat([]pkg.Artifact{newBusyboxBin()}, extra)
+		support = slices.Concat([]pkg.Artifact{t.newBusyboxBin()}, extra)
 		env = fixupEnviron(env, nil, "/system/bin")
 
-	case toolchainGentoo, toolchainStage0:
+	case stageGentoo, stageEarly:
 		name += "-boot"
 		support = append(support, extra...)
 		support = append(support, cureEtc{})
-		if t == toolchainStage0 {
-			support = append(support, t.Load(stage0Dist))
+		if t.stage == stageEarly {
+			a, _ := t.Load(stage0Dist)
+			support = append(support, a)
 		} else {
-			support = append(support, _toolchainBusybox.New("gentoo", 0, nil, nil, nil, `
+			support = append(support, t.S.New(_stageBusybox).New("gentoo", 0, nil, nil, nil, `
 tar -C /work -xf /usr/src/stage3.tar.xz
 rm -rf /work/dev/ /work/proc/
 ln -vs ../usr/bin /work/bin
@@ -281,22 +259,22 @@ mkdir -vp /work/system/bin
 	.)
 `, pkg.Path(AbsUsrSrc.Append("stage3.tar.xz"), false,
 				pkg.NewHTTPGet(
-					nil, gentooStage3,
-					gentooStage3Checksum,
+					nil, t.gentooStage3,
+					t.gentooStage3Checksum,
 				),
 			)))
 		}
 		env = fixupEnviron(env, []string{
-			EnvTriplet + "=" + triplet(),
+			EnvTriplet + "=" + t.triple(),
 			lcMessages,
-			"LDFLAGS=" + earlyLDFLAGS(true),
+			"LDFLAGS=" + t.earlyLDFLAGS(true),
 		}, "/system/bin",
 			"/usr/bin",
 		)
 
-	case toolchainIntermediateGentoo, toolchainStdGentoo,
-		toolchainIntermediate, Std:
-		if t.isIntermediate() {
+	case stageIntermediateGentoo, stageStdGentoo,
+		stageIntermediate, Std:
+		if t.stage.isIntermediate() {
 			name += "-std"
 		}
 
@@ -310,7 +288,7 @@ mkdir -vp /work/system/bin
 			base = Musl
 		}
 
-		support = slices.Concat(extra, (t-1).AppendPresets([]pkg.Artifact{
+		support = slices.Concat(extra, t.S.New(t.stage-1).Append([]pkg.Artifact{
 			cureEtc{newIANAEtc()},
 		},
 			base,
@@ -318,16 +296,16 @@ mkdir -vp /work/system/bin
 			toybox,
 		))
 		env = fixupEnviron(env, []string{
-			EnvTriplet + "=" + triplet(),
+			EnvTriplet + "=" + t.triple(),
 			lcMessages,
 		}, "/system/bin", "/bin")
 
 	default:
-		panic("unsupported toolchain " + strconv.Itoa(int(t)))
+		panic("unsupported toolchain " + strconv.Itoa(int(t.stage)))
 	}
 
 	return pkg.NewExec(
-		name, arch, knownChecksum, pkg.ExecTimeoutMax,
+		name, t.arch, knownChecksum, pkg.ExecTimeoutMax,
 		flag&THostNet != 0,
 		flag&TExclusive != 0,
 		fhs.AbsRoot, env,
@@ -379,7 +357,7 @@ cat /usr/src/` + name + `-patches/* | \
 `
 		aname += "-patched"
 	}
-	return t.New(aname, 0, t.AppendPresets(nil,
+	return t.New(aname, 0, t.Append(nil,
 		Patch,
 	), nil, nil, script, paths...)
 }
@@ -407,7 +385,7 @@ type Helper interface {
 	// also empty. The special value helperInPlace omits the cd statement.
 	wantsDir() string
 	// script returns the helper-specific segment of cure script.
-	script(name string) string
+	script(s *S, name string) string
 }
 
 // PackageAttr holds build-system-agnostic attributes.
@@ -436,43 +414,39 @@ type PackageAttr struct {
 	Flag int
 }
 
-// pa holds whether a [PArtifact] is present.
-type pa = [PresetEnd]bool
+// pa holds whether an [ArtifactH] is present.
+type pa = map[ArtifactH]struct{}
 
 // paPool holds addresses of pa.
-var paPool = sync.Pool{New: func() any { return new(pa) }}
+var paPool = sync.Pool{New: func() any { return make(pa) }}
 
 // paGet returns the address of a new pa.
-func paGet() *pa { return paPool.Get().(*pa) }
+func paGet() pa { return paPool.Get().(pa) }
 
 // paPut returns a pa to paPool.
-func paPut(pv *pa) { *pv = pa{}; paPool.Put(pv) }
+func paPut(pv pa) { clear(pv); paPool.Put(pv) }
 
-// appendPreset recursively appends a [PArtifact] and its runtime dependencies.
-func (t Toolchain) appendPreset(
-	a []pkg.Artifact,
-	pv *pa, p PArtifact,
-) []pkg.Artifact {
-	if pv[p] {
+// appendHandle recursively appends an [Artifact] named by its handle, and its
+// runtime dependencies.
+func (t Toolchain) appendHandle(a []pkg.Artifact, pv pa, p ArtifactH) []pkg.Artifact {
+	if _, ok := pv[p]; ok {
 		return a
 	}
-	pv[p] = true
+	pv[p] = struct{}{}
 
-	for _, d := range GetMetadata(p).Dependencies {
-		a = t.appendPreset(a, pv, d)
+	for _, d := range t.MustGet(p).Dependencies {
+		a = t.appendHandle(a, pv, d)
 	}
-	return append(a, t.Load(p))
+	d, _ := t.Load(p)
+	return append(a, d)
 }
 
-// AppendPresets recursively appends multiple [PArtifact] and their runtime
-// dependencies.
-func (t Toolchain) AppendPresets(
-	a []pkg.Artifact,
-	presets ...PArtifact,
-) []pkg.Artifact {
+// Append recursively appends multiple [Artifact] named by their handles, and
+// their runtime dependencies.
+func (t Toolchain) Append(a []pkg.Artifact, handles ...ArtifactH) []pkg.Artifact {
 	pv := paGet()
-	for _, p := range presets {
-		a = t.appendPreset(a, pv, p)
+	for _, p := range handles {
+		a = t.appendHandle(a, pv, p)
 	}
 	paPut(pv)
 	return a
@@ -484,7 +458,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) NewPackage(
 	source pkg.Artifact,
 	attr *PackageAttr,
 	helper Helper,
-	extra ...PArtifact,
+	extra ...ArtifactH,
 ) pkg.Artifact {
 	if attr == nil {
 		attr = new(PackageAttr)
@@ -501,10 +475,10 @@ func (t Toolchain) NewPackage(
 	{
 		pv := paGet()
 		for _, p := range helper.extra(attr.Flag) {
-			extraRes = t.appendPreset(extraRes, pv, p)
+			extraRes = t.appendHandle(extraRes, pv, p)
 		}
 		for _, p := range extra {
-			extraRes = t.appendPreset(extraRes, pv, p)
+			extraRes = t.appendHandle(extraRes, pv, p)
 		}
 		paPut(pv)
 	}
@@ -554,7 +528,7 @@ cd '/usr/src/` + name + `/'
 		extraRes,
 		attr.KnownChecksum,
 		attr.Env,
-		scriptEarly+helper.script(name),
+		scriptEarly+helper.script(t.S, name),
 		slices.Concat(attr.Paths, []pkg.ExecPath{
 			pkg.Path(AbsUsrSrc.Append(
 				name+sourceSuffix,
@@ -626,3 +600,8 @@ func newFromGitHubRelease(
 		compression,
 	)
 }
+
+var native S
+
+// Native returns the global [S].
+func Native() *S { return &native }

internal/rosa/rosa_test.go

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ var (
 )
 
 func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
-	rosa.DropCaches("", rosa.OptLLVMNoLTO)
+	rosa.Native().DropCaches("", rosa.OptLLVMNoLTO)
 	container.TryArgv0(nil)
 
 	code := m.Run()
@@ -77,10 +77,9 @@ func TestCureAll(t *testing.T) {
 	cache := getCache(t)
 	t.Parallel()
 
-	for i := range rosa.PresetEnd {
-		p := rosa.PArtifact(i)
-		meta := rosa.GetMetadata(p)
-		a := rosa.Std.Load(p)
+	for _, p := range rosa.Native().Collect() {
+		a, _ := rosa.Native().Std().MustLoad(p)
+		meta := rosa.Native().MustGet(p)
 		t.Run(meta.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Parallel()
 
@@ -94,14 +93,13 @@ func TestCureAll(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func BenchmarkStage3(b *testing.B) {
-	arch, flags := rosa.Arch(), rosa.Flags()
-	b.Cleanup(func() { rosa.DropCaches(arch, flags) })
+	t := rosa.Native().Clone().Std()
 
 	for b.Loop() {
-		rosa.Std.Load(rosa.LLVM)
+		t.MustLoad(rosa.LLVM)
 
 		b.StopTimer()
-		rosa.DropCaches("", 0)
+		t.DropCaches("", 0)
 		b.StartTimer()
 	}
 }

internal/rosa/rsync.go

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newRsync() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	}), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Rsync] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newRsync,
 
 		Name:        "rsync",
@@ -35,5 +35,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://rsync.samba.org/",
 
 		ID: 4217,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/squashfs.go

@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newSquashfsTools() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[SquashfsTools] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newSquashfsTools,
 
 		Name:        "squashfs-tools",
@@ -56,5 +56,5 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 4879,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/stage0.go

@@ -6,56 +6,56 @@ import (
 )
 
 func (t Toolchain) newStage0() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
-	return t.New("rosa-stage0", 0, t.AppendPresets(nil,
+	return t.New("rosa-stage0", 0, t.Append(nil,
 		Bzip2,
 	), nil, nil, `
 umask 377
 tar \
 	-vjc \
 	-C /stage0 \
-	-f /work/stage0-`+triplet()+`.tar.bz2 \
+	-f /work/stage0-`+t.triple()+`.tar.bz2 \
 	.
-`, pkg.Path(fhs.AbsRoot.Append("stage0"), false, t.AppendPresets(nil,
+`, pkg.Path(fhs.AbsRoot.Append("stage0"), false, t.Append(nil,
 		LLVM,
 		Mksh,
 		toyboxEarly,
 	)...)), Unversioned
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Stage0] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newStage0,
 
 		Name:        "rosa-stage0",
 		Description: "Rosa OS stage0 toolchain tarball for bootstrap",
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func init() {
 	const version = "20260504"
-	artifactsM[stage0Dist] = Metadata{
-		f: func(Toolchain) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+		f: func(t Toolchain) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 			return newTar(
 				"https://hakurei.app/seed/"+version+"/"+
-					"stage0-"+triplet()+".tar.bz2",
+					"stage0-"+t.triple()+".tar.bz2",
 				perArch[string]{
 					"amd64":   "IQjFDkiAVLo1XzflgMMiLP3gnVY2hhDMTzl-QqJDCQhcLQ3lLtRzjI5WCxGyW_lk",
 					"arm64":   "6fmwl2Umx2QssKQvxxb1JOGkAjzfA_MXKku0jVdGjYGb35OvwEVA5NYtd0HIy3yH",
 					"riscv64": "Z2ODV0rIoo9iQRUIu35bsaOBeXc_9qQfGcyb2aGneatzNUJlXh5emSpEV2bOklUL",
-				}.unwrap(),
+				}.unwrap(t.S),
 				pkg.TarBzip2,
 			), version
 		},
 
 		Name:        "stage0-dist",
 		Description: "Rosa OS stage0 bootstrap seed",
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 // HasStage0 returns whether a stage0 distribution is available.
 func HasStage0() (ok bool) {
 	func() {
 		defer func() { ok = recover() == nil }()
-		toolchainStage0.Load(stage0Dist)
+		native.New(stageEarly).Load(stage0Dist)
 	}()
 	return
 }

internal/rosa/state.go

@@ -0,0 +1,328 @@
+package rosa
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"net/http"
+	"runtime"
+	"slices"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
+	"unique"
+
+	"hakurei.app/internal/pkg"
+)
+
+// ArtifactH is a handle of the unique name of a prepared [pkg.Artifact].
+type ArtifactH unique.Handle[string]
+
+// String returns the name of p.
+func (handle ArtifactH) String() string {
+	return unique.Handle[string](handle).Value()
+}
+
+// MarshalJSON represents [ArtifactH] by its [Artifact.Name].
+func (handle ArtifactH) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(handle.String())
+}
+
+// UnmarshalJSON resolves [ArtifactH] by its [Artifact.Name].
+func (handle *ArtifactH) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	var name string
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &name); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	*handle = ArtifactH(unique.Make(name))
+	return nil
+}
+
+type (
+	// Stage denotes the infrastructure to compile a [pkg.Artifact] on.
+	Stage uint32
+	// Toolchain refers to an instance of [S], and a [Stage] to compile on.
+	Toolchain struct {
+		stage Stage
+
+		*S
+	}
+)
+
+// P represents multiple [ArtifactH].
+type P []ArtifactH
+
+// Artifact is stage-agnostic immutable data with a deterministic resulting
+// [pkg.Artifact]. It can be created natively or through evaluation.
+type Artifact struct {
+	f func(t Toolchain) (a pkg.Artifact, version string)
+
+	// Unique package name.
+	Name string `json:"name"`
+	// Short user-facing description.
+	Description string `json:"description"`
+	// Project home page.
+	Website string `json:"website,omitempty"`
+
+	// Runtime dependencies.
+	Dependencies P `json:"dependencies"`
+
+	// Project identifier on [Anitya].
+	//
+	// [Anitya]: https://release-monitoring.org/
+	ID int `json:"-"`
+
+	// Whether to exclude from exported functions.
+	Exclude bool `json:"exclude,omitempty"`
+
+	// Optional custom version checking behaviour.
+	latest func(v *Versions) string
+}
+
+// GetLatest returns the latest version described by v.
+func (meta *Artifact) GetLatest(v *Versions) string {
+	if meta.latest != nil {
+		return meta.latest(v)
+	}
+	return v.Latest
+}
+
+// Unversioned denotes an unversioned [Artifact].
+const Unversioned = "\x00"
+
+// UnpopulatedIDError is returned by [Artifact.GetLatest] for an instance of
+// [Artifact] where ID is not populated.
+type UnpopulatedIDError struct{}
+
+func (UnpopulatedIDError) Unwrap() error { return errors.ErrUnsupported }
+func (UnpopulatedIDError) Error() string { return "Anitya ID is not populated" }
+
+// Versions are package versions returned by Anitya.
+type Versions struct {
+	// The latest version for the project, as determined by the version sorting algorithm.
+	Latest string `json:"latest_version"`
+	// List of all versions that aren’t flagged as pre-release.
+	Stable []string `json:"stable_versions"`
+	// List of all versions stored, sorted from newest to oldest.
+	All []string `json:"versions"`
+}
+
+// getStable returns the first Stable version, or Latest if that is unavailable.
+func (v *Versions) getStable() string {
+	if len(v.Stable) == 0 {
+		return v.Latest
+	}
+	return v.Stable[0]
+}
+
+// GetVersions returns versions fetched from Anitya.
+func (meta *Artifact) GetVersions(ctx context.Context) (*Versions, error) {
+	if meta.ID == 0 {
+		return nil, UnpopulatedIDError{}
+	}
+
+	var resp *http.Response
+	if req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(
+		ctx,
+		http.MethodGet,
+		"https://release-monitoring.org/api/v2/versions/?project_id="+
+			strconv.Itoa(meta.ID),
+		nil,
+	); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	} else {
+		req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "Rosa/1.1")
+		if resp, err = http.DefaultClient.Do(req); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	var v Versions
+	err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&v)
+	return &v, errors.Join(err, resp.Body.Close())
+}
+
+// A cachedArtifact holds [pkg.Artifact] and its corresponding version string.
+type cachedArtifact struct {
+	a pkg.Artifact
+	v string
+}
+
+const (
+	// OptSkipCheck skips running all test suites.
+	OptSkipCheck = 1 << iota
+	// OptLLVMNoLTO disables LTO in all [LLVM] stages.
+	OptLLVMNoLTO
+)
+
+// S holds a set of [Artifact].
+type S struct {
+	// [ArtifactH] to [Artifact].
+	artifacts sync.Map
+	// Size of artifacts.
+	artifactCount atomic.Uint64
+
+	// Target architecture.
+	arch string
+	// For initialising arch.
+	archOnce sync.Once
+
+	// Options for [pkg.Artifact] created against [S].
+	opts int
+
+	// Cached [pkg.Artifact].
+	c [_stageEnd]sync.Map
+
+	// URL of a Gentoo stage3 tarball.
+	gentooStage3 string
+	// Expected checksum of gentooStage3.
+	gentooStage3Checksum pkg.Checksum
+}
+
+// Clone returns a copy of s.
+func (s *S) Clone() *S {
+	v := S{arch: s.arch}
+	s.artifacts.Range(func(key, value any) bool {
+		v.artifacts.Store(key, value)
+		v.artifactCount.Add(1)
+		return true
+	})
+	return &v
+}
+
+// wantsArch must be called before accessing arch.
+func (s *S) wantsArch() {
+	s.archOnce.Do(func() {
+		if s.arch == "" {
+			s.arch = runtime.GOARCH
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// Arch returns the target architecture.
+func (s *S) Arch() string { s.wantsArch(); return s.arch }
+
+// Flags returns the current preset flags.
+func (s *S) Flags() int { return s.opts }
+
+// DropCaches arranges for all cached [pkg.Artifact] to be freed some time after
+// it returns. Must not be used concurrently with any other method.
+func (s *S) DropCaches(targetArch string, flags int) {
+	if targetArch == "" {
+		targetArch = runtime.GOARCH
+	}
+
+	s.arch = targetArch
+	s.opts = flags
+	for i := range s.c {
+		s.c[i].Clear()
+	}
+}
+
+// Get returns the address of the named [Artifact].
+func (s *S) Get(handle ArtifactH) (meta *Artifact) {
+	s.wantsArch()
+	v, ok := s.artifacts.Load(handle)
+	if ok {
+		meta = v.(*Artifact)
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+// MustGet is like Get, but panics if the named [Artifact] is not registered.
+func (s *S) MustGet(handle ArtifactH) (meta *Artifact) {
+	meta = s.Get(handle)
+	if meta == nil {
+		panic("artifact " + strconv.Quote(handle.String()) + " not available")
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+// New returns a [Toolchain] for the specified [Stage].
+func (s *S) New(stage Stage) Toolchain {
+	return Toolchain{S: s, stage: stage}
+}
+
+// Std is a convenience method that returns a [Toolchain] for the [Std] stage.
+func (s *S) Std() Toolchain { return s.New(Std) }
+
+// Load returns the resulting [pkg.Artifact] of [ArtifactH].
+func (t Toolchain) Load(handle ArtifactH) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	t.wantsArch()
+	e, ok := t.c[t.stage].Load(handle)
+	if ok {
+		r := e.(cachedArtifact)
+		return r.a, r.v
+	}
+
+	meta := t.Get(handle)
+	if meta == nil {
+		return nil, ""
+	}
+	var r cachedArtifact
+	r.a, r.v = meta.f(t)
+	t.c[t.stage].Store(handle, r)
+	return r.a, r.v
+}
+
+// MustLoad is like Load, but panics if the named [Artifact] is not registered.
+func (t Toolchain) MustLoad(handle ArtifactH) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	a, version := t.Load(handle)
+	if a == nil {
+		panic("artifact " + strconv.Quote(handle.String()) + " not available")
+	}
+	return a, version
+}
+
+// Register arranges for a new [Artifact] to be cured under s. It returns false
+// if another [Artifact] is already registered under the same name.
+func (s *S) Register(meta *Artifact) bool {
+	if meta.Name == "" {
+		return false
+	}
+	p := ArtifactH(unique.Make(meta.Name))
+	_, ok := s.artifacts.LoadOrStore(p, meta)
+	if !ok {
+		s.artifactCount.Add(1)
+	}
+	return !ok
+}
+
+// MustRegister is like Register, but panics if registration fails.
+func (s *S) MustRegister(meta *Artifact) {
+	if !s.Register(meta) {
+		panic("attempting to register " + strconv.Quote(meta.Name) + " twice")
+	}
+}
+
+// Count returns the number of [Artifact] registered to s.
+func (s *S) Count() int {
+	return int(s.artifactCount.Load())
+}
+
+// Collect returns all [ArtifactH] registered to s.
+func (s *S) Collect() (handles []ArtifactH) {
+	handles = make([]ArtifactH, 0, s.Count())
+	s.artifacts.Range(func(key, _ any) bool {
+		handles = append(handles, key.(ArtifactH))
+		return true
+	})
+	slices.SortFunc(handles, func(a, b ArtifactH) int {
+		return strings.Compare(a.String(), b.String())
+	})
+	return
+}
+
+// SetGentooStage3 sets the Gentoo stage3 tarball url and checksum. It panics
+// if given zero values or if these values have already been set.
+func (s *S) SetGentooStage3(url string, checksum pkg.Checksum) {
+	if s.gentooStage3 != "" {
+		panic(errors.New("attempting to set Gentoo stage3 url twice"))
+	}
+	if url == "" {
+		panic(errors.New("attempting to set Gentoo stage3 url to the zero value"))
+	}
+	s.gentooStage3, s.gentooStage3Checksum = url, checksum
+	s.DropCaches(s.Arch(), s.Flags())
+}

internal/rosa/state_native.go

@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+package rosa
+
+import "unique"
+
+var (
+	LLVM                   = ArtifactH(unique.Make("llvm"))
+	EarlyInit              = ArtifactH(unique.Make("earlyinit"))
+	ImageSystem            = ArtifactH(unique.Make("system-image"))
+	ImageInitramfs         = ArtifactH(unique.Make("initramfs-image"))
+	Kernel                 = ArtifactH(unique.Make("kernel"))
+	KernelHeaders          = ArtifactH(unique.Make("kernel-headers"))
+	KernelSource           = ArtifactH(unique.Make("kernel-source"))
+	Firmware               = ArtifactH(unique.Make("firmware"))
+	ACL                    = ArtifactH(unique.Make("acl"))
+	ArgpStandalone         = ArtifactH(unique.Make("argp-standalone"))
+	Attr                   = ArtifactH(unique.Make("attr"))
+	Autoconf               = ArtifactH(unique.Make("autoconf"))
+	Automake               = ArtifactH(unique.Make("automake"))
+	BC                     = ArtifactH(unique.Make("bc"))
+	Bash                   = ArtifactH(unique.Make("bash"))
+	Binutils               = ArtifactH(unique.Make("binutils"))
+	Bison                  = ArtifactH(unique.Make("bison"))
+	Bzip2                  = ArtifactH(unique.Make("bzip2"))
+	CMake                  = ArtifactH(unique.Make("cmake"))
+	Connman                = ArtifactH(unique.Make("connman"))
+	Coreutils              = ArtifactH(unique.Make("coreutils"))
+	Curl                   = ArtifactH(unique.Make("curl"))
+	DBus                   = ArtifactH(unique.Make("dbus"))
+	DTC                    = ArtifactH(unique.Make("dtc"))
+	Diffutils              = ArtifactH(unique.Make("diffutils"))
+	Elfutils               = ArtifactH(unique.Make("elfutils"))
+	Fakeroot               = ArtifactH(unique.Make("fakeroot"))
+	Findutils              = ArtifactH(unique.Make("findutils"))
+	Flex                   = ArtifactH(unique.Make("flex"))
+	FontUtil               = ArtifactH(unique.Make("font-util"))
+	Freetype               = ArtifactH(unique.Make("freetype"))
+	Fuse                   = ArtifactH(unique.Make("fuse"))
+	GMP                    = ArtifactH(unique.Make("gmp"))
+	GLib                   = ArtifactH(unique.Make("glib"))
+	Gawk                   = ArtifactH(unique.Make("gawk"))
+	GenInitCPIO            = ArtifactH(unique.Make("gen_init_cpio"))
+	Gettext                = ArtifactH(unique.Make("gettext"))
+	Git                    = ArtifactH(unique.Make("git"))
+	Glslang                = ArtifactH(unique.Make("glslang"))
+	GnuTLS                 = ArtifactH(unique.Make("gnutls"))
+	Go                     = ArtifactH(unique.Make("go"))
+	Gperf                  = ArtifactH(unique.Make("gperf"))
+	Grep                   = ArtifactH(unique.Make("grep"))
+	Gzip                   = ArtifactH(unique.Make("gzip"))
+	Hakurei                = ArtifactH(unique.Make("hakurei"))
+	HakureiDist            = ArtifactH(unique.Make("hakurei-dist"))
+	Hwdata                 = ArtifactH(unique.Make("hwdata"))
+	IPTables               = ArtifactH(unique.Make("iptables"))
+	Kmod                   = ArtifactH(unique.Make("kmod"))
+	LIT                    = ArtifactH(unique.Make("lit"))
+	LibX11                 = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libX11"))
+	LibXau                 = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libXau"))
+	LibXdmcp               = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libXdmcp"))
+	LibXext                = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libXext"))
+	LibXfixes              = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libXfixes"))
+	LibXfont2              = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libXfont2"))
+	LibXrandr              = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libXrandr"))
+	LibXrender             = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libXrender"))
+	LibXxf86vm             = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libXxf86vm"))
+	Libarchive             = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libarchive"))
+	Libbsd                 = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libbsd"))
+	Libcap                 = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libcap"))
+	Libconfig              = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libconfig"))
+	LibdisplayInfo         = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libdisplay-info"))
+	Libdrm                 = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libdrm"))
+	Libepoxy               = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libepoxy"))
+	Libev                  = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libev"))
+	Libexpat               = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libexpat"))
+	Libffi                 = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libffi"))
+	Libfontenc             = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libfontenc"))
+	Libgd                  = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libgd"))
+	Libglvnd               = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libglvnd"))
+	Libiconv               = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libiconv"))
+	Libmd                  = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libmd"))
+	Libmnl                 = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libmnl"))
+	Libnftnl               = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libnftnl"))
+	Libpciaccess           = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libpciaccess"))
+	Libpng                 = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libpng"))
+	Libpsl                 = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libpsl"))
+	Libseccomp             = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libseccomp"))
+	Libtasn1               = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libtasn1"))
+	Libtirpc               = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libtirpc"))
+	Libtool                = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libtool"))
+	Libucontext            = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libucontext"))
+	Libunistring           = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libunistring"))
+	Libva                  = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libva"))
+	LibxcbRenderUtil       = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libxcb-render-util"))
+	LibxcbUtil             = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libxcb-util"))
+	LibxcbUtilImage        = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libxcb-util-image"))
+	LibxcbUtilKeysyms      = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libxcb-util-keysyms"))
+	LibxcbUtilWM           = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libxcb-util-wm"))
+	Libxcvt                = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libxcvt"))
+	Libxkbfile             = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libxkbfile"))
+	Libxml2                = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libxml2"))
+	Libxshmfence           = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libxshmfence"))
+	Libxslt                = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libxslt"))
+	Libxtrans              = ArtifactH(unique.Make("libxtrans"))
+	LMSensors              = ArtifactH(unique.Make("lm_sensors"))
+	M4                     = ArtifactH(unique.Make("m4"))
+	MPC                    = ArtifactH(unique.Make("mpc"))
+	MPFR                   = ArtifactH(unique.Make("mpfr"))
+	Make                   = ArtifactH(unique.Make("make"))
+	Mesa                   = ArtifactH(unique.Make("mesa"))
+	Meson                  = ArtifactH(unique.Make("meson"))
+	Mksh                   = ArtifactH(unique.Make("mksh"))
+	MuslFts                = ArtifactH(unique.Make("musl-fts"))
+	MuslObstack            = ArtifactH(unique.Make("musl-obstack"))
+	NSS                    = ArtifactH(unique.Make("nss"))
+	NSSCACert              = ArtifactH(unique.Make("nss-cacert"))
+	Ncurses                = ArtifactH(unique.Make("ncurses"))
+	Nettle                 = ArtifactH(unique.Make("nettle"))
+	Ninja                  = ArtifactH(unique.Make("ninja"))
+	OpenSSL                = ArtifactH(unique.Make("openssl"))
+	P11Kit                 = ArtifactH(unique.Make("p11-kit"))
+	PCRE2                  = ArtifactH(unique.Make("pcre2"))
+	Parallel               = ArtifactH(unique.Make("parallel"))
+	Patch                  = ArtifactH(unique.Make("patch"))
+	Perl                   = ArtifactH(unique.Make("perl"))
+	PerlLocaleGettext      = ArtifactH(unique.Make("perl-Locale::gettext"))
+	PerlMIMECharset        = ArtifactH(unique.Make("perl-MIME::Charset"))
+	PerlModuleBuild        = ArtifactH(unique.Make("perl-Module::Build"))
+	PerlPodParser          = ArtifactH(unique.Make("perl-Pod::Parser"))
+	PerlSGMLS              = ArtifactH(unique.Make("perl-SGMLS"))
+	PerlTermReadKey        = ArtifactH(unique.Make("perl-Term::ReadKey"))
+	PerlTestCmd            = ArtifactH(unique.Make("perl-Test::Cmd"))
+	PerlTextCharWidth      = ArtifactH(unique.Make("perl-Text::CharWidth"))
+	PerlTextWrapI18N       = ArtifactH(unique.Make("perl-Text::WrapI18N"))
+	PerlUnicodeLineBreak   = ArtifactH(unique.Make("perl-Unicode::LineBreak"))
+	PerlYAMLTiny           = ArtifactH(unique.Make("perl-YAML::Tiny"))
+	Pixman                 = ArtifactH(unique.Make("pixman"))
+	PkgConfig              = ArtifactH(unique.Make("pkg-config"))
+	Procps                 = ArtifactH(unique.Make("procps"))
+	Python                 = ArtifactH(unique.Make("python"))
+	PythonFlitCore         = ArtifactH(unique.Make("python-flit-core"))
+	PythonHatchling        = ArtifactH(unique.Make("python-hatchling"))
+	PythonIniConfig        = ArtifactH(unique.Make("python-iniconfig"))
+	PythonMako             = ArtifactH(unique.Make("python-mako"))
+	PythonMarkupSafe       = ArtifactH(unique.Make("python-markupsafe"))
+	PythonPackaging        = ArtifactH(unique.Make("python-packaging"))
+	PythonPathspec         = ArtifactH(unique.Make("python-pathspec"))
+	PythonPluggy           = ArtifactH(unique.Make("python-pluggy"))
+	PythonPyTest           = ArtifactH(unique.Make("python-pytest"))
+	PythonPyYAML           = ArtifactH(unique.Make("python-pyyaml"))
+	PythonPycparser        = ArtifactH(unique.Make("python-pycparser"))
+	PythonPygments         = ArtifactH(unique.Make("python-pygments"))
+	PythonSetuptools       = ArtifactH(unique.Make("python-setuptools"))
+	PythonSetuptoolsSCM    = ArtifactH(unique.Make("python-setuptools-scm"))
+	PythonTroveClassifiers = ArtifactH(unique.Make("python-trove-classifiers"))
+	PythonVCSVersioning    = ArtifactH(unique.Make("python-vcs-versioning"))
+	PythonWheel            = ArtifactH(unique.Make("python-wheel"))
+	QEMU                   = ArtifactH(unique.Make("qemu"))
+	Rdfind                 = ArtifactH(unique.Make("rdfind"))
+	Readline               = ArtifactH(unique.Make("readline"))
+	Rsync                  = ArtifactH(unique.Make("rsync"))
+	Sed                    = ArtifactH(unique.Make("sed"))
+	SPIRVHeaders           = ArtifactH(unique.Make("spirv-headers"))
+	SPIRVLLVMTranslator    = ArtifactH(unique.Make("spirv-llvm-translator"))
+	SPIRVTools             = ArtifactH(unique.Make("spirv-tools"))
+	SquashfsTools          = ArtifactH(unique.Make("squashfs-tools"))
+	Strace                 = ArtifactH(unique.Make("strace"))
+	TamaGo                 = ArtifactH(unique.Make("tamago"))
+	Tar                    = ArtifactH(unique.Make("tar"))
+	Texinfo                = ArtifactH(unique.Make("texinfo"))
+	Toybox                 = ArtifactH(unique.Make("toybox"))
+	toyboxEarly            = ArtifactH(unique.Make("toybox-early"))
+	Unzip                  = ArtifactH(unique.Make("unzip"))
+	UtilLinux              = ArtifactH(unique.Make("util-linux"))
+	VIM                    = ArtifactH(unique.Make("vim"))
+	Wayland                = ArtifactH(unique.Make("wayland"))
+	WaylandProtocols       = ArtifactH(unique.Make("wayland-protocols"))
+	XCB                    = ArtifactH(unique.Make("xcb"))
+	XCBProto               = ArtifactH(unique.Make("xcb-proto"))
+	XDGDBusProxy           = ArtifactH(unique.Make("xdg-dbus-proxy"))
+	XZ                     = ArtifactH(unique.Make("xz"))
+	Xkbcomp                = ArtifactH(unique.Make("xkbcomp"))
+	XkeyboardConfig        = ArtifactH(unique.Make("xkeyboard-config"))
+	XorgProto              = ArtifactH(unique.Make("xorgproto"))
+	Xserver                = ArtifactH(unique.Make("xserver"))
+	Zlib                   = ArtifactH(unique.Make("zlib"))
+	Zstd                   = ArtifactH(unique.Make("zstd"))
+	stage0Dist             = ArtifactH(unique.Make("stage0-dist"))
+	llvmSource             = ArtifactH(unique.Make("llvm-project"))
+	earlyCompilerRT        = ArtifactH(unique.Make("early-compiler-rt"))
+	earlyRuntimes          = ArtifactH(unique.Make("early-runtimes"))
+	buildcatrust           = ArtifactH(unique.Make("python-buildcatrust"))
+	utilMacros             = ArtifactH(unique.Make("util-macros"))
+	Musl                   = ArtifactH(unique.Make("musl"))
+	muslHeaders            = ArtifactH(unique.Make("musl-headers"))
+	gcc                    = ArtifactH(unique.Make("gcc"))
+	nettle3                = ArtifactH(unique.Make("nettle3"))
+	Stage0                 = ArtifactH(unique.Make("rosa-stage0"))
+)

internal/rosa/state_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package rosa_test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"hakurei.app/internal/rosa"
+)
+
+func TestLoad(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Parallel()
+
+	for _, p := range rosa.Native().Collect() {
+		t.Run(rosa.Native().MustGet(p).Name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Parallel()
+
+			rosa.Native().Std().MustLoad(p)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func BenchmarkAll(b *testing.B) {
+	t := rosa.Native().Clone().Std()
+
+	for b.Loop() {
+		for _, p := range t.Collect() {
+			t.MustLoad(p)
+		}
+
+		b.StopTimer()
+		t.DropCaches("", 0)
+		b.StartTimer()
+	}
+}

internal/rosa/strace.go

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ sed -i 's/unsigned int msg_len;$/uint32_t msg_len;/g' \
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Strace] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newStrace,
 
 		Name:        "strace",
@@ -45,5 +45,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://strace.io/",
 
 		ID: 4897,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/tamago.go

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newTamaGo() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 		version  = "1.26.3"
 		checksum = "-nH3MjAzDDLTeJ2hRKYJcJwo5-Ikci4zOHfB8j1vKn7zrF9TS6zYaoLi8qohGwAE"
 	)
-	return t.New("tamago-go"+version, 0, t.AppendPresets(nil,
+	return t.New("tamago-go"+version, 0, t.Append(nil,
 		Bash,
 		Go,
 	), nil, []string{
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ cd /work/system/tamago/src
 chmod -R +w ..
 
 sed -i \
-	's,/lib/ld-musl-`+linuxArch()+`.so.1,/system/bin/linker,' \
-	cmd/link/internal/`+arch+`/obj.go
+	's,/lib/ld-musl-`+t.linuxArch()+`.so.1,/system/bin/linker,' \
+	cmd/link/internal/`+t.arch+`/obj.go
 sed -i \
 	's/cpu.X86.HasAVX512VBMI/& \&\& cpu.X86.HasPOPCNT/' \
 	internal/runtime/gc/scan/scan_amd64.go
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ rm \
 	))), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[TamaGo] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newTamaGo,
 
 		Name:        "tamago",
@@ -48,5 +48,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://github.com/usbarmory/tamago-go",
 
 		ID: 388872,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/toybox.go

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ sed -i \
 	's/^CONFIG_TOYBOX_ZHELP=y$/CONFIG_TOYBOX_ZHELP=0/' \
 	.config
 ` + script,
-		SkipCheck: t.isStage0(),
+		SkipCheck: t.stage.isStage0(),
 		Check: []string{
 			"USER=cure",
 			"tests",
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ ln -s ../../system/bin/env /work/usr/bin
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Toybox] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: func(t Toolchain) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 			return t.newToybox("", "")
 		},
@@ -69,9 +69,9 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://landley.net/toybox/",
 
 		ID: 13818,
-	}
+	})
 
-	artifactsM[toyboxEarly] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: func(t Toolchain) (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 			return t.newToybox("-early", `
 echo '
@@ -86,5 +86,5 @@ CONFIG_DIFF=y
 		Name:        "toybox-early",
 		Description: "a build of toybox with unfinished tools enabled to break dependency loops",
 		Website:     "https://landley.net/toybox/",
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/unzip.go

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newUnzip() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 		version  = "6.0"
 		checksum = "fcqjB1IOVRNJ16K5gTGEDt3zCJDVBc7EDSra9w3H93stqkNwH1vaPQs_QGOpQZu1"
 	)
-	return t.New("unzip-"+version, 0, t.AppendPresets(nil,
+	return t.New("unzip-"+version, 0, t.Append(nil,
 		Make,
 		Coreutils,
 	), nil, nil, `
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ mv unzip /work/system/bin/
 	))), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Unzip] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newUnzip,
 
 		Name:        "unzip",
@@ -40,5 +40,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://infozip.sourceforge.net/",
 
 		ID: 8684,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/util-linux.go

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ ln -s ../system/bin/bash /bin/
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[UtilLinux] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newUtilLinux,
 
 		Name:        "util-linux",
@@ -58,5 +58,5 @@ func init() {
 
 		// release candidates confuse Anitya
 		latest: (*Versions).getStable,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/vim.go

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newVIM() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[VIM] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newVIM,
 
 		Name:        "vim",
@@ -41,5 +41,5 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 5092,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/wayland.go

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ echo 'int main(){}' > tests/sanity-test.c
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Wayland] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newWayland,
 
 		Name:        "wayland",
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 10061,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newWaylandProtocols() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ GitLab
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[WaylandProtocols] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newWaylandProtocols,
 
 		Name:        "wayland-protocols",
@@ -129,5 +129,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://wayland.freedesktop.org/",
 
 		ID: 13997,
-	}
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/x.go

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newUtilMacros() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), nil, (*MakeHelper)(nil)), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[utilMacros] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newUtilMacros,
 
 		Name:        "util-macros",
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://xorg.freedesktop.org/",
 
 		ID: 5252,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newLibxtrans() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibxtrans() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libxtrans] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibxtrans,
 
 		Name:        "libxtrans",
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libxtrans",
 
 		ID: 13441,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newXorgProto() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newXorgProto() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[XorgProto] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newXorgProto,
 
 		Name:        "xorgproto",
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/proto/xorgproto",
 
 		ID: 17190,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newLibXau() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibXau() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[LibXau] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibXau,
 
 		Name:        "libXau",
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 1765,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newXCBProto() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newXCBProto() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[XCBProto] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newXCBProto,
 
 		Name:        "xcb-proto",
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/proto/xcbproto",
 
 		ID: 13646,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newXCB() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newXCB() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[XCB] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newXCB,
 
 		Name:        "xcb",
@@ -183,15 +183,15 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 1767,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
-func (t Toolchain) newXCBUtilKeysyms() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+func (t Toolchain) newLibxcbUtilKeysyms() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	const (
 		version  = "0.4.1"
 		checksum = "-EEje12UEjtFBuIjb6Fy4cxEghV20BXwQ1BLvhtvSuVcrFkp_X-ZHRM48wAspXZ4"
 	)
-	return t.NewPackage("xcb-util-keysyms", version, newTar(
+	return t.NewPackage("libxcb-util-keysyms", version, newTar(
 		"https://xcb.freedesktop.org/dist/xcb-util-keysyms-"+version+".tar.gz",
 		checksum,
 		pkg.TarGzip,
@@ -202,10 +202,10 @@ func (t Toolchain) newXCBUtilKeysyms() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[XCBUtilKeysyms] = Metadata{
-		f: Toolchain.newXCBUtilKeysyms,
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+		f: Toolchain.newLibxcbUtilKeysyms,
 
-		Name:        "xcb-util-keysyms",
+		Name:        "libxcb-util-keysyms",
 		Description: "standard X key constants and conversion to/from keycodes",
 		Website:     "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libxcb-keysyms",
 
@@ -214,7 +214,136 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 5168,
-	}
+	})
+}
+
+func (t Toolchain) newLibxcbUtilImage() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	const (
+		version  = "0.4.1"
+		checksum = "47pvXmFwaUBZIrJ4CE9xjTQIFyxeqoNAL-DshlB11GZ_jjI3G1a6KF0K7mtBQ1E7"
+	)
+	return t.NewPackage("libxcb-util-image", version, newTar(
+		"https://xcb.freedesktop.org/dist/xcb-util-image-"+version+".tar.gz",
+		checksum,
+		pkg.TarGzip,
+	), nil, (*MakeHelper)(nil),
+		PkgConfig,
+
+		LibxcbUtil,
+	), version
+}
+func init() {
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+		f: Toolchain.newLibxcbUtilImage,
+
+		Name:        "libxcb-util-image",
+		Description: "XCB port of Xlib's XImage and XShmImage functions",
+		Website:     "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libxcb-image",
+
+		Dependencies: P{
+			LibxcbUtil,
+		},
+
+		ID: 5168,
+	})
+}
+
+func (t Toolchain) newLibxcbUtilWM() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	const (
+		version  = "0.4.2"
+		checksum = "g0VZgMU9hcIgyXb3XxBR9xqsvUMBd9qt_Dbmwoj2h5y24pODr_S_D0DhRsuXUNjF"
+	)
+	return t.NewPackage("libxcb-util-wm", version, newTar(
+		"https://xcb.freedesktop.org/dist/xcb-util-wm-"+version+".tar.gz",
+		checksum,
+		pkg.TarGzip,
+	), nil, (*MakeHelper)(nil),
+		M4,
+		PkgConfig,
+
+		XCB,
+	), version
+}
+func init() {
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+		f: Toolchain.newLibxcbUtilWM,
+
+		Name:        "libxcb-util-wm",
+		Description: "XCB client and window-manager helpers for ICCCM & EWMH",
+		Website:     "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libxcb-wm",
+
+		Dependencies: P{
+			XCB,
+		},
+
+		ID: 5170,
+	})
+}
+
+func (t Toolchain) newLibxcbUtil() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	const (
+		version  = "0.4.1"
+		checksum = "YMXGQUQbF6PoEAGflvYnJYsLWjti6sL_ifY47wIXTNGVM3tQ8u41nkBYN4K1D5CD"
+	)
+	return t.NewPackage("libxcb-util", version, newTar(
+		"https://www.x.org/releases/individual/xcb/"+
+			"xcb-util-"+version+".tar.gz",
+		checksum,
+		pkg.TarGzip,
+	), nil, (*MakeHelper)(nil),
+		PkgConfig,
+
+		utilMacros,
+		XCB,
+	), version
+}
+func init() {
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+		f: Toolchain.newLibxcbUtil,
+
+		Name:        "libxcb-util",
+		Description: "XCB utility libraries",
+		Website:     "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libxcb-util",
+
+		Dependencies: P{
+			XCB,
+		},
+
+		ID: 5165,
+	})
+}
+
+func (t Toolchain) newLibxcbRenderUtil() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	const (
+		version  = "0.3.10"
+		checksum = "n08L8PyCoOd7v2vb6fSVq5Pq6JtteXVh9K2wrQMTNwGMf_Fjpi6i3HWF-TMFSVTI"
+	)
+	return t.NewPackage("libxcb-render-util", version, newTar(
+		"https://www.x.org/releases/individual/xcb/"+
+			"xcb-util-renderutil-"+version+".tar.gz",
+		checksum,
+		pkg.TarGzip,
+	), nil, (*MakeHelper)(nil),
+		PkgConfig,
+
+		utilMacros,
+		XCB,
+	), version
+}
+func init() {
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+		f: Toolchain.newLibxcbRenderUtil,
+
+		Name:        "libxcb-render-util",
+		Description: "XCB convenience functions for the Render extension",
+		Website:     "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libxcb-render-util",
+
+		Dependencies: P{
+			XCB,
+		},
+
+		ID: 5169,
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newLibX11() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -246,7 +375,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibX11() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[LibX11] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibX11,
 
 		Name:        "libX11",
@@ -258,7 +387,7 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 1764,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newLibXext() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -283,7 +412,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibXext() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[LibXext] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibXext,
 
 		Name:        "libXext",
@@ -295,7 +424,45 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 1774,
-	}
+	})
+}
+
+func (t Toolchain) newLibXfixes() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	const (
+		version  = "6.0.2"
+		checksum = "_-kJfKZ7cE3NNeMr6NLSXCmsyP7MVEHVPLNfxatz2qBy3_fZJvPMQwZNOC9y6V5L"
+	)
+	return t.NewPackage("libXfixes", version, newFromGitLab(
+		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
+		"xorg/lib/libxfixes",
+		"libXfixes-"+version,
+		checksum,
+	), nil, &MakeHelper{
+		Generate: "NOCONFIGURE=1 ./autogen.sh",
+	},
+		Automake,
+		Libtool,
+		PkgConfig,
+
+		utilMacros,
+		XorgProto,
+		LibX11,
+	), version
+}
+func init() {
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+		f: Toolchain.newLibXfixes,
+
+		Name:        "libXfixes",
+		Description: "Xlib-based library for the XFIXES Extension",
+		Website:     "https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/FixesExt/",
+
+		Dependencies: P{
+			LibX11,
+		},
+
+		ID: 1775,
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newLibXrender() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -320,7 +487,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibXrender() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[LibXrender] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibXrender,
 
 		Name:        "libXrender",
@@ -332,7 +499,7 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 1789,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newLibxshmfence() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -357,7 +524,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibxshmfence() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libxshmfence] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibxshmfence,
 
 		Name:        "libxshmfence",
@@ -365,7 +532,7 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libxshmfence",
 
 		ID: 1792,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newLibXxf86vm() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -391,7 +558,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibXxf86vm() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[LibXxf86vm] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibXxf86vm,
 
 		Name:        "libXxf86vm",
@@ -403,7 +570,7 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 1799,
-	}
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newLibXrandr() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -430,7 +597,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibXrandr() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[LibXrandr] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibXrandr,
 
 		Name:        "libXrandr",
@@ -443,7 +610,265 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 1788,
-	}
+	})
+}
+
+func (t Toolchain) newFontUtil() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	const (
+		version  = "1.4.2"
+		checksum = "YWiaIxkq-N2yNdbGa_RF1S0UkQq6xsgoRT73WZP2DOmyH_CJ0TAkpQjId657MQmh"
+	)
+	return t.NewPackage("font-util", version, newFromGitLab(
+		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
+		"xorg/font/util",
+		"font-util-"+version,
+		checksum,
+	), nil, &MakeHelper{
+		Generate: "NOCONFIGURE=1 ./autogen.sh",
+	},
+		Automake,
+		Libtool,
+		PkgConfig,
+
+		utilMacros,
+	), version
+}
+func init() {
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+		f: Toolchain.newFontUtil,
+
+		Name:        "font-util",
+		Description: "X.Org font package creation/installation utilities",
+		Website:     "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/font/util",
+
+		ID: 15055,
+	})
+}
+
+func (t Toolchain) newLibfontenc() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	const (
+		version  = "1.1.9"
+		checksum = "XqosXfbVwaoYzG9vVyRCl3eatwjASoJdLZsxQ37NN8S_jTyqNmbxpRSJGImJj7RS"
+	)
+	return t.NewPackage("libfontenc", version, newFromGitLab(
+		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
+		"xorg/lib/libfontenc",
+		"libfontenc-"+version,
+		checksum,
+	), nil, &MakeHelper{
+		Generate: "NOCONFIGURE=1 ./autogen.sh",
+	},
+		Automake,
+		Libtool,
+		PkgConfig,
+
+		utilMacros,
+		FontUtil,
+		XorgProto,
+	), version
+}
+func init() {
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+		f: Toolchain.newLibfontenc,
+
+		Name:        "libfontenc",
+		Description: "X font encoding library",
+		Website:     "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libfontenc",
+
+		ID: 1613,
+	})
+}
+
+func (t Toolchain) newLibxkbfile() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	const (
+		version  = "1.2.0"
+		checksum = "WUtph1ab0AyATahlwljchBxZJcpjYrjyhCK9DW2VO0uXEXaN22GWmUaibcA83i_B"
+	)
+	return t.NewPackage("libxkbfile", version, newFromGitLab(
+		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
+		"xorg/lib/libxkbfile",
+		"libxkbfile-"+version,
+		checksum,
+	), nil, (*MesonHelper)(nil),
+		LibX11,
+	), version
+}
+func init() {
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+		f: Toolchain.newLibxkbfile,
+
+		Name:        "libxkbfile",
+		Description: "XKB file handling routines",
+		Website:     "http://www.x.org/wiki/XKB",
+
+		Dependencies: P{
+			LibX11,
+		},
+
+		ID: 1781,
+	})
+}
+
+func (t Toolchain) newXkbcomp() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	const (
+		version  = "1.5.0"
+		checksum = "ttICW8ZPbljI-nw2kknvxFhwFoDK40iAMBeZDLAHYsHf3B6UPO_zc9TpzZYRRyZH"
+	)
+	return t.NewPackage("xkbcomp", version, newFromGitLab(
+		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
+		"xorg/app/xkbcomp",
+		"xkbcomp-"+version,
+		checksum,
+	), nil, &MakeHelper{
+		Generate: "NOCONFIGURE=1 ./autogen.sh",
+	},
+		Automake,
+		Libtool,
+		PkgConfig,
+		Bison,
+
+		utilMacros,
+		Libxkbfile,
+	), version
+}
+func init() {
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+		f: Toolchain.newXkbcomp,
+
+		Name:        "xkbcomp",
+		Description: "XKB keyboard description compiler",
+		Website:     "http://www.x.org/wiki/XKB",
+
+		Dependencies: P{
+			Libxkbfile,
+		},
+
+		ID: 15018,
+	})
+}
+
+func (t Toolchain) newLibXfont2() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	const (
+		version  = "2.0.7"
+		checksum = "jv9BZNA02493KB8j1lfAErF5SA3ZFcAhm3_UVJ--Bp1maz-vNprl_wXpkHApBi9M"
+	)
+	return t.NewPackage("libXfont2", version, newFromGitLab(
+		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
+		"xorg/lib/libxfont",
+		"libXfont2-"+version,
+		checksum,
+	), nil, &MakeHelper{
+		Generate: "NOCONFIGURE=1 ./autogen.sh",
+	},
+		Automake,
+		Libtool,
+		PkgConfig,
+
+		utilMacros,
+		Freetype,
+		XorgProto,
+		Libxtrans,
+		Libfontenc,
+	), version
+}
+func init() {
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+		f: Toolchain.newLibXfont2,
+
+		Name:        "libXfont2",
+		Description: "X font handling library for server & utilities",
+		Website:     "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libxfont",
+
+		Dependencies: P{
+			Freetype,
+			Libfontenc,
+		},
+
+		ID: 17165,
+	})
+}
+
+func (t Toolchain) newLibxcvt() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	const (
+		version  = "0.1.3"
+		checksum = "IfIA7SxlHMWh681e1AgYmZcRAfkZd5LlzmqcMRifNY5nNVRrUx_wnoaidAv0Yu03"
+	)
+	return t.NewPackage("libxcvt", version, newFromGitLab(
+		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
+		"xorg/lib/libxcvt",
+		"libxcvt-"+version,
+		checksum,
+	), nil, (*MesonHelper)(nil)), version
+}
+func init() {
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+		f: Toolchain.newLibxcvt,
+
+		Name:        "libxcvt",
+		Description: "VESA CVT standard timing modeline generation library & utility",
+		Website:     "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libxcvt",
+
+		ID: 235147,
+	})
+}
+
+func (t Toolchain) newLibXdmcp() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	const (
+		version  = "1.1.5"
+		checksum = "N6AJSv9pmeBedFn8KuSIOUGvTken4rkypNWVE2KfPlliwkfIbhfXrt5YHZkBMUHp"
+	)
+	return t.NewPackage("libXdmcp", version, newFromGitLab(
+		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
+		"xorg/lib/libxdmcp",
+		"libXdmcp-"+version,
+		checksum,
+	), nil, &MakeHelper{
+		Generate: "NOCONFIGURE=1 ./autogen.sh",
+	},
+		Automake,
+		Libtool,
+		PkgConfig,
+
+		utilMacros,
+		XorgProto,
+	), version
+}
+func init() {
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+		f: Toolchain.newLibXdmcp,
+
+		Name:        "libXdmcp",
+		Description: "X Display Manager Control Protocol library",
+		Website:     "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/lib/libxdmcp",
+
+		ID: 1772,
+	})
+}
+
+func (t Toolchain) newXkeyboardConfig() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	const (
+		version  = "2.47"
+		checksum = "E03PsPIaRrxPAuKgDGSQyPiJB49wXtyyvdV0lVx3_G-pelMMlaFLkoTDHTHG_qgA"
+	)
+	return t.NewPackage("xkeyboard-config", version, newFromGitLab(
+		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
+		"xkeyboard-config/xkeyboard-config",
+		"xkeyboard-config-"+version,
+		checksum,
+	), nil, (*MesonHelper)(nil),
+		Perl,
+	), version
+}
+func init() {
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+		f: Toolchain.newXkeyboardConfig,
+
+		Name:        "xkeyboard-config",
+		Description: "the non-arch keyboard configuration database for X Window",
+		Website:     "https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/XKeyboardConfig/",
+
+		ID: 5191,
+	})
 }
 
 func (t Toolchain) newLibpciaccess() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
@@ -463,7 +888,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newLibpciaccess() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	}), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[Libpciaccess] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newLibpciaccess,
 
 		Name:        "libpciaccess",
@@ -475,5 +900,89 @@ func init() {
 		},
 
 		ID: 1703,
-	}
+	})
+}
+
+func (t Toolchain) newXserver() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
+	const (
+		version  = "21.1.22"
+		checksum = "prLT2wKecBu5m9w1ThgIt0GvenNpjKXoOyvTiMA1oQTlP0QHh6QiWsdvH3OmUwNo"
+	)
+	return t.NewPackage("xserver", version, newFromGitLab(
+		"gitlab.freedesktop.org",
+		"xorg/xserver",
+		"xorg-server-"+version,
+		checksum,
+	), nil, &MesonHelper{
+		Setup: []KV{
+			{"Dxorg", "true"},
+			{"Dxephyr", "true"},
+			{"Dxnest", "true"},
+			{"Dipv6", "false"},
+
+			{"Dudev", "false"},
+			{"Dudev_kms", "false"},
+			{"Dglx", "false"},
+			// ../../usr/src/xserver/glamor/glamor_glx.c:24:10: fatal error: 'epoxy/glx.h' file not found
+			{"Dglamor", "false"},
+		},
+	},
+		Gawk,
+
+		XorgProto,
+		Libxtrans,
+		Libxshmfence,
+		Pixman,
+		Libbsd,
+		Xkbcomp,
+		XkeyboardConfig,
+		LibXfont2,
+		DBus,
+		FontUtil,
+		Libxcvt,
+		LibXext,
+		Libmd,
+		LibXdmcp,
+		Libtirpc,
+		Libepoxy,
+		LibxcbUtil,
+		LibxcbUtilImage,
+		LibxcbUtilWM,
+		LibxcbUtilKeysyms,
+		LibxcbRenderUtil,
+		Libpciaccess,
+		KernelHeaders,
+	), version
+}
+func init() {
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
+		f: Toolchain.newXserver,
+
+		Name:        "xserver",
+		Description: "X server",
+		Website:     "https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/xserver",
+
+		Dependencies: P{
+			Xkbcomp,
+			XkeyboardConfig,
+
+			XCB,
+			Pixman,
+			Libmd,
+			Libbsd,
+			Libtirpc,
+			Libxcvt,
+			LibXdmcp,
+			LibXfont2,
+			Libpciaccess,
+
+			// Xephyr
+			LibxcbUtilImage,
+			LibxcbUtilWM,
+			LibxcbUtilKeysyms,
+			LibxcbRenderUtil,
+		},
+
+		ID: 5250,
+	})
 }

internal/rosa/xz.go

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ func (t Toolchain) newXZ() (pkg.Artifact, string) {
 	), version
 }
 func init() {
-	artifactsM[XZ] = Metadata{
+	native.MustRegister(&Artifact{
 		f: Toolchain.newXZ,
 
 		Name:        "xz",
@@ -26,5 +26,5 @@ func init() {
 		Website:     "https://tukaani.org/xz/",
 
 		ID: 5277,
-	}
+	})
 }